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International Conference Room, Campus Innovation Center (CIC) Tamachi Campus, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo Japan 9 November, 2012 Seminar : Activities for Lead-cooled Fast Reactors (LFR) in Generation IV International Forum (GIF)
Contents
INTRODUCTION EURATOMFP7PROJECTS ELFRconfiguration ELFRSafetySystems UPDATEONEURATOMLFRSTATUS
Introduction
Developmentofanewreactortechnologymustfollow gradualandprogressivestepstoreachmaturity
Identificationofmainissuesrelatedtothetechnology SmallscaletoLargescaleexperimentalfacilities Irradiationtests,fuelandmaterialsdevelopment
EURATOM LFRFP7Relatedprojects EURATOM LFR FP7 Related projects ThemostrelevantprojectsfortheLFRtechnologywerefocusedtoprovide thenecessarydesignsolutions,inputdata,methodsandtoolsandstrategic researchinfrastructures.Inparticular: hi f I i l CDTFASTEF (CentralDesignTeamforaFastSpectrumTransmutation ExperimentalFacility MYRRHA) E i l F ili MYRRHA)wasaimedatdesigningafastspectrum i d d i i f irradiationfacilityoperatinginsubcriticalandcriticalmodes. LEADER (L d (LeadcooledEuropeanAdvancedDEmonstration R l dE Ad d DE i Reactor)hadthe )h d h objectivetofinalizethedesignofalargesizeLFRandtodevelopthe conceptualdesignofascaleddemonstratorwiththefollowingmaingoals: DevelopaLFRreferenceconfiguration,nowidentifiedastheEuropeanLFR (ELFR),representingacriticalsystemwithaclosedfuelcyclemeetingthe GenIVgoals Developtheconceptualdesignofascaleddemonstrator(ALFRED)ofa relevantsize(300MWth)usingcurrentlyavailabletechnologyinorderto proceedtoconstructioninarelativelyshorttimeframe.
AdditionalEURATOM LFRFP7Relatedprojects(nonexhaustive) Additional EURATOM LFR FP7 Related projects (non exhaustive)
SARGENIV (ProposalforaharmonizedEuropeanmethodologyforthesafety assessmentofinnovative fastreactors) ) SILER (SeismicInitiatedeventsriskmitigationinLEadcooledReactors),project MATTER (MATerials TEsting andRules),researchestoperformcarefulstudiesof materialsbehaviorsinGenIVoperationalconditionsandtofindoutcriteriaforthe materials behaviors in GenIV operational conditions and to find out criteria for the correctuseofthesematerialsinrelevantreactorapplications ADRIANA (ADvanced ReactorInitiativeAndNetworkArrangement),proposedto settingupthenetworkdedicatedtotheconstructionandoperationofresearch setting up the network dedicated to the construction and operation of research infrastructuresinsupportofliquidmetalfastreactorsdevelopment,through THINS (ThermalHydraulicsofInnovativeNuclearSystems),projectdevotedto importantcrosscuttingthermalhydraulicissues important crosscutting thermal hydraulic issues FREYA (FastReactorExperimentsforhYbrid Applications),projectaimedatextending theinvestigationsofthesubcriticalconfigurations ANDES (AccurateNuclearDatafornuclearEnergySustainability),improvementofthe accuracy,uncertaintiesandvalidationofnucleardataandmodels. FAIRFUELS (FAbrication,IrradiationandReprocessingofFUELS) ACSEPT (ActinidereCycling bySEParation andTransmutation)
2020-2022 Commissioning
2024Full exploitation
GUINEVERE
Zero-Power f ilit solid L d critical and sub-critical operation Z P facility lid Lead iti l d b iti l ti Nuclear data, nuclear instrumentation, Keff measurements, code validation y y Criticality reached in February 2011 Subcritical coupling performed in October 2011
Lead-Bismuth coolant
ALFRED ReactorArrangement
ElectricalPower(MWe) FuelCladMaterial Fueltype Steamgenerators DHRSystem DHR System 123MWe (300MWth) 15Ni15CrTi(coated) MOXmaxPu enrich.30%) Bayonettypewithdouble Bayonet type with double walls,Integratedinthe reactorvessel,Removable 2diverseandredundant 2 diverse and redundant systems(activelyactuated, Passivelyoperated) IsolationCondenser Isolation Condenser connectedtoSteam Generators:4units p providedon4outof8SGs DuplicationofDHR1 260%totalpowerremoval
DHR1
DHR2
SG Primary Pumps
DHRdip cooler
Power: 1500 MW(th) 600 MW(e) MW(th), Core diameter, 4.5 m Core height, 1.4 m Core fuel MOX (first load) Coolant temp., 400/480oC Maximum cladding temp., 550oC Efficiency: ~42% 42%
Reactor Vessel
Safety Vessel
Fuel Assemblies
ELFR
ELFR FAandCoreConfiguration
STRATEGY: -Adiabatic core power distribution flattened with two zone different hollow pellets diameters
ELFR InnerVessel,CoresupportandFuelAssembly
ELFROncethroughSpiralSG:Concept
MW C C C C MPa
ELFR PrimaryPump
Outsideimpellerdiameter,m O t id i ll di t Hubdiameter,m Impellerspeed,rpm Numberofvanes N b f Vaneprofile Suctionpipevelocity,m/s Vanestipvelocity,m/s Vanes tip velocity m/s Meridian(atimpellerentrance andexit)velocity,m/s Candidatematerial Candidate material
ELFR ReactorArrangement
DecayHeatRemovalSystems
One nonsafetygrade system,thesecondarysystem,usedforthenormaldecay heatremovalfollowingthereactorshutdown Two independent,diverse,highreliablepassive andredundant safetyrelated DecayHeatRemovalsystems(DHRN1andDHRN2):incaseofunavailabilityofthe secondarysystem,theDHRN1systemiscalleduponandintheunlikeeventof secondary system the DHR N1 system is called upon and in the unlike event of unavailabilityofthefirsttwosystemstheDHRN2startstoevacuatetheDHR
DHRN1:
4 IsolationCondenser (IC)systemconnectedto4outof8SGs
DHRN2:
4 IsolationCondenser systemsconnectedto4DipCoolers (DCs)inthecoldpool y p ( ) p
DHRSystemsfeatures
Independence obtained by means of two different systems with nothing in common obtainedbymeansoftwodifferentsystemswithnothingincommon Diversity obtainedbymeansoftwosystemsbasedondifferentphysicalprinciples Redundancy isobtainedbymeansofthreeoutoffourloops(ofeachsystem)sufficientto fulfiltheDHRsafetyfunctionevenifasinglefailureoccurs Passivity obtainedbymeansofusinggravitytooperatethesystem(noneedofACpower)
ELFR DecayHeatRemovalSystems
DHR N1 ICS
(1 of the 4 Independent loops)
DHR N2 DC
(1 of the 4 Independent loops) p p )