What's New in CMG Software

Version 2012

By Computer Modelling Group Ltd.

Contents
Important Change for Future Releases Important Common Changes in 2012 1 2

SIMULATOR CHANGES .......................................................................................................................... 2

Other New Keywords ............................................................................................................................................2

GRID CHANGES ...................................................................................................................................... 2

Improved Corner-Point Efficiency ..........................................................................................................................2 More Compact SR2 Output Files ..........................................................................................................................2 Other New Keywords ............................................................................................................................................3 Enhancements to Existing Keywords ....................................................................................................................3

WELL MANAGEMENT CHANGES .......................................................................................................... 4

*LAYERXYZ-METHOD *DIRECT ..........................................................................................................................4 Trigger on Reporting Group ..................................................................................................................................4 New *MONITOR Capability ...................................................................................................................................4 Use of On-Time Averaged Rates in Layer Lump Calculations ..............................................................................4 Removing Targets from Group Control .................................................................................................................4 Improved Handling of Most Restrictive Constraint ................................................................................................4 *DRILLT ................................................................................................................................................................5

Important Changes in IMEX 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES .......................................................................................................................... 6

Gas Adsorption .....................................................................................................................................................6 Multiple Solvent PVT Tables .................................................................................................................................6 Solver Technology.................................................................................................................................................6 Other New Keywords ............................................................................................................................................7 Enhancements to Existing Keywords ....................................................................................................................7 Template Data Set Changes .................................................................................................................................7 Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of IMEX .........................................................................................8

GRID CHANGES ...................................................................................................................................... 8

*SECTOR, *SECTORARRAY and *SECTORNAMES ..........................................................................................8

THIRD-PARTY INTEGRATION CHANGES ............................................................................................. 8

What's New in CMG Software

Important Changes in GEM 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES .......................................................................................................................... 9

Relative Permeability Interpolation ........................................................................................................................9 Viscosity Models by EOS Set ................................................................................................................................9 Varying Initialization Methods by Regions .............................................................................................................9 Other New Keywords ............................................................................................................................................9 Enhancements to Existing Keywords ..................................................................................................................10 Template Dataset Changes.................................................................................................................................10

GRID CHANGES .................................................................................................................................... 11

Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of GEM ........................................................................................11

Important Changes in STARS 2012

12

SIMULATOR CHANGES ........................................................................................................................ 12

Geomechanics ....................................................................................................................................................12 Chemical Processes............................................................................................................................................12 Other New Keywords ..........................................................................................................................................12 Enhancements to Existing Keywords ..................................................................................................................13 Template Dataset Changes.................................................................................................................................13 Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS ....................................................................................14

WELL MANAGEMENT CHANGES ........................................................................................................ 14

Flexible Wellbore .................................................................................................................................................14 Other New Keywords ..........................................................................................................................................15 Enhancements to Existing Keywords ..................................................................................................................15 Template Dataset Changes.................................................................................................................................15 Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS ....................................................................................15

GRID CHANGES .................................................................................................................................... 16

Enhancements to Existing Keywords ..................................................................................................................16 Template Dataset Changes.................................................................................................................................16 Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS ....................................................................................16

What's New in CMG Software

ii

Important Changes in Launcher 2012

17

GENERAL CHANGES ............................................................................................................................ 17

Important Changes in CMOST 2012

18

GENERAL CHANGES ............................................................................................................................ 18

Support STARS-ME and Other Special Simulator Versions................................................................................18 Pre-simulation Commands and Improved Link to GOCAD..................................................................................18 Time Series Data Compression in CMOST Result File .......................................................................................18 Export CMOST Result to Text File or Excel ........................................................................................................18 Adjust Maximum Job Run Time during Run ........................................................................................................18 Job Submission and Scheduler Utilization Optimization......................................................................................19 CMG Dataset Parameterization Tool...................................................................................................................19 Particle Swarm Optimization ...............................................................................................................................19 Ordinary Kriging Algorithm Improvement ............................................................................................................19

Important Changes in WinProp 2012

20

GENERAL CHANGES ............................................................................................................................ 20

Simulator Calculation Engine Changes ...............................................................................................................20 Graphical User Interface Changes ......................................................................................................................20

Important Changes in Builder/Results 2012

21

GENERAL CHANGES - BUILDER ........................................................................................................ 21 GENERAL CHANGES - RESULTS........................................................................................................ 21

Results 3D and Results Report ...........................................................................................................................21 Results Graph .....................................................................................................................................................22

Important Changes in DataImporter 2012

23

GENERAL CHANGES ............................................................................................................................ 23

What's New in CMG Software

iii

Important Change for Future Releases

After the 2012 General Release, CMG will no longer test, ship or support subsequent software releases on 32-bit processors and operating systems. Customers using a 32-bit system will be requested to use this 2012 release or older.

What's New in CMG Software

Important Common Changes in 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES
Other New Keywords

Geomechanics Enhancements The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to interface with a fluid-flow grid that has local grid refinement together with a natural-fracture grid option. See template data sets gmgmc049.dat and gmgmc050.dat for GEM, and stgeo059.dat and stgeo060.dat for STARS The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to handle *GNULL blocks correctly. See template data sets gmgmc051.dat for GEM and stgeo061.dat for STARS.

Improved Initialization of Skewed Corner-Point Grids A very fine scale (optional) horizontal integration option has been introduced into the DEPTH_AVE integration option to be used with skewed corner point grids. Sub-keyword *FINE_INTG enables this option for corner point grids. See template data set gmsmo045.dat for GEM.

GRID CHANGES

Improved Corner-Point Efficiency

New keywords *NNODES, *NODES, *NODEX, *NODEY, *NODEZ and *BLOCKS allow you to specify a fundamental corner-point grid using a node-based data structure. This option reduces the size of the grid data and speeds up grid reading. For GEM, see the \doc\Corner_Point_Nodes folder for documentation. See doc\Improved_Corner_Point_Grid_Generation_Efficiency\ for IMEX. Command-line argument -crncon_node causes the simulator to convert internally incoming block-based corner-point data (e.g., *CORNERS) to the node-based representation. This option may speed up significantly the grid-building part of the run, at the price of additional memory requirement. This option does not change how corner-point data is written to the SR2 file set and is not limited by the restrictions of the node-based input data (e.g., *CORNERS *RG is allowed). This command-line argument is considered temporary and may not be available after the 2012 version year.

More Compact SR2 Output Files

Support for new Node-based Corner Point Grid data format, single-precision non-restart records and separate restart files. Refer to doc\Separate_Restart_and_SR2_graphics_file\restart_sr2.docx.

What's New in CMG Software

Other New Keywords

*IRCONNECT Keyword A new irregular connection keyword (*IRCONNECT) has been added to the grid module. *IRCONNECT assigns geometry factors to new and existing interblock connections, similar to *SCONNECT, but not limited in the physical processes supported. It is more flexible than the existing *SCONNECT keyword in that it is direction aware and so may be used with compaction and dilation models. It will use permeabilities in the blocks specified to be connected as well as input lengths, input interblock area and input connection direction to calculate block transmissibility. See stgro061.dat and stgro062.dat for STARS. Transmissibility Multiplier Action New keyword *TRANSMULT specifies the action taken when an interblock connections transmissibility multiplier is modified more than once in a run. The old multiplier is either replaced by or multiplied by the new multiplier. The default action is replacement, which was the only action available in previous versions. This keyword allows the action to be changed to accumulate. Note: Full support for this feature in Builder is pending. Refer to \doc\Transmult_keyword\Transmult_keyword.doc.

Enhancements to Existing Keywords

Additional *MOD Keyword Feature (*ARRAY) The *MOD *ARRAY option lets you replace values in a rectangular region of the grid, using an array of values. For example: *MOD *ARRAY value_array replaces the existing property values in the region by the corresponding values from value_array. The number of values in value_array must be (i2-i1+1) (j2-j1+1) (k2-k1+1) and repeat counts are allowed. A value must be specified for each block in the I-J-K range, even if the block is null. See template data set gmgro020.dat for GEM and verify89.dat for STARS. LGR Grid Definition Enhancement (Ratio Method) For a locally refined grid, the default action is to divide the parent block into child blocks of uniform size. To override this default, use sub-keyword *RG to specify the ratios of child block sizes. This ratio method makes it easy to specify child block sizes when parent block size is odd or unknown. When used with keywords *DI, *DJ and *DK, sub-keyword *RG assigns non-uniform child block sizes by generating blocks that are proportioned to the specified sizes and fit into the parent block size. Previously, an error message was issued if the specified child block sizes did not sum exactly to the parent block size. Also, this new behaviour works for LGR in a corner-point grid whereas previously it worked only for Cartesian. For STARS, see template data sets stgro017.dat and sttst04.dat.

What's New in CMG Software

WELL MANAGEMENT CHANGES

*LAYERXYZ-METHOD *DIRECT
The original method for calculating well bore radius and well permeability for directional wells has been improved. Witht the new default method, directional weighting (*DIRECT) replaces the previous method (*OLD) which used cardinal weighting. See keyword *LAYERXYZ-METHOD for a detailed description of the differences.

Trigger on Reporting Group

The keyword *TRIGGER has a new subkeyword for trigger definition: *ON_REPGRP reporting_group_name reporting_group_condition. This subkeyword indicates that the trigger test condition is to be applied to a reporting group reporting_group_name. The reporting group must be previously defined to enable reporting group based triggers to be used. See the *TRIGGER documentation for the choices available for reporting_group_condition.

New *MONITOR Capability

The keyword *MONITOR *SHUTLAYER1 will plug the most offending layer (which, when shut, causes the well to have the lowest/highest value of the monitored variable) and continue the simulation. *SHUTLAYER1 has the same effect as *SHUTLAYER for a rate type monitor (e.g. STO), but will be different for a ratio type monitor (e.g. GOR). See template data set stwwm081.dat. The keyword *MONITOR *AUTOLAYER1 is similar to *AUTOLAYER but corresponding to *SHUTLAYER1. See template data set stwwm082.dat.

Use of On-Time Averaged Rates in Layer Lump Calculations

New keyword *LAYERLUMP_ACTR selects actual or on-time averaged rates and ratios based on the rates in all calculations involving lumps. The alternative (default) is to use instantaneous rates in layer lump calculations.

Removing Targets from Group Control

The keywords *GCONP group_name *TARGET *NONE will remove any production target specified previously (including *VREP, *RECYCLE and *PMAINT) for group group_name. Existing maximum / minimum constraints are not affected. The keywords *GCONI group_name *TARGET stream_name *NONE will remove any previously specified injection target (including *VREP, *VREFP, *RECYCLE and *PMAINT) for the indicated stream_name (gas, water or solvent) and group group_name. Existing maximum constraints are not affected.

Improved Handling of Most Restrictive Constraint

Order of constraints is no longer a consideration, which eliminates a non-obvious data entry requirement.

What's New in CMG Software

*DRILLT
*DRILLT is a keyword to allow the specification of minimum time intervals between the autodrilling of injectors and producers. For IMEX, refer to \doc\DRILLT_Keyword\Recurrent_Data_DRILLT.doc.

What's New in CMG Software

Important Changes in IMEX 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES
Gas Adsorption
The new keywords *ADGMAXV, *ADGCSTV, *ROCKDEN, *ADGPCRIT (Rock-Fluid Section) and *ADS_WATERZONE (Component Properties section) allow the user to specify the Langmuir Isotherm parameters used to model the adsorption/desorption of gas to/from rock. This feature can be used to model simple adsorption effects in shale gas and CBM problems.

Multiple Solvent PVT Tables

IMEX now optionally allows the PVTS table, the *OMEGASG keyword and the *DENSITY and *SOLVENT keywords to be entered for each PVT region. This allows the solvent properties and mixing parameters between solvent and oil and solvent and gas to vary from PVT region to PVT region. This option is backwards compatible; no data modification is required for earlier solvent models to run.

Solver Technology
Improved Cache, Adaptive Implicit and Fully Implicit Alignment For both fully implicit and adaptive implicit models this will improve parallel efficiency. These options are enabled by default. They are not described in the IMEX 2012.10 manual but are described in the doc directory. Automatic Parallel Partitioning in 2 Dimensions (Any Two of the x, y, and z Directions) Two dimensional partitioning now can be set up automatically using *PPATTERN *AUTOP2D Improved Parallel Performance Improvements to the implementation of parallelization in IMEX have allowed the Simulator to run more efficiently on larger number of threads on Shared Memory Processors.

What's New in CMG Software

Other New Keywords

Three Point Endpoint Scanning (*3PTSCALING) When *3PTSCALING is enabled an interior scaling point is added to the saturation endpoint scaling procedure. For each of Krw, Krow, Krg, and Krog, a different interior scaling point is used depending on the value of block water saturation (oil-water table) and block liquid saturation (gas-liquid table). Krw Krow Krg Krog Scaled between Swcrit and (1-Sorw), if block Sw is less than or equal to (1-Sorw), or between (1-Sorw) and (1-Soirw), if Sw is greater than (1-Sorw). Scaled between Swcon and Swcrit, if block Sw is less than or equal to Swcrit, or between Swcrit and (1-Sorw), if Sw is greater than Swcrit. Scaled between Slcon and Slrg, if block Sl is less than or equal to Slrg, or between Slrg and (1-Sgcrit), if Sl is greater than Slrg. Scaled between Slrg and (1-Sgcrit), if block Sl is less than or equal to (1-Sgcrit) or between (1-Sgcrit) and (1-Sgcon), if Sl is greater than (1-Sgcrit)

Extrapolate Krw from Krw (Sorw) to Krw=1.0 at Sw = 1.0 (*KRWEXTRAP) This keyword enables the linear extrapolation of water relative permeability from the last water saturation in the oil-water table to a saturation of 1.0 and a value of Krw of 1.0. The command line argument -restart_sr2 can be used to indicate if the SR2 files are combined or separated. If restart_sr2 main is assigned, sr2 will be considered to have restart and results information combined in one sr2 file set. Otherwise if restart_sr2 separate is used, restart and results will be treated separately in two different sr2 file sets. Combined or separated sr2 files should keep consist between initial and restart run. No mixed uses of sr2 files are supported. Currently, IMEX default is to use the combined sr2. This option is not described in the IMEX 2012.10 manual (see outboard documentation).

Enhancements to Existing Keywords

*WATER_FIX 4 The WATER_FIX keyword has been used in the past to improve performance in water filled blocks when small amounts of oil or gas re-enter the block. Without this option, numerical issues could occur. The *WATER_FIX 4 option has been implemented to improve its performance. *WATER_FIX 4 is recommended for models where the complete disappearance of water leads to numerical issues. Water_fix 4 includes all of the enhancements included in water_fix 2 and 3.

Template Data Set Changes

Added mxgro024.dat to demonstrate the *IRCONNECT keyword Added mxspr009.dat to demonstrate multiple solvent PVT regions Added mxsmo054.dat to demonstrate *PPARTITION *AUTOP2D (two dimensional partitioning) Added mxsmo055.dat to demonstrate a shale gas model using with desorption Added mxsmo056.dat to demonstrate a coal bed methane model using gas desorption

What's New in CMG Software

Added mxsmo057.dat to demonstrate three point scaling (*3PTSCALING) Added mxsmo058.dat to demonstrate Krw extrapolation (*KRWEXTRAP) Added mxwwm054.dat to demonstrate on-time average layerlump rate output (*LAYERLUMP_ACTR) Added mxwwm055.dat to demonstrate the specification of the minimum time interval between the opening of auto-drill wells in a drill queue (*DRILLT) *DRILLT not in 2012 manual, outboard documentation only

Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of IMEX

Keywords *SECTOR, *SECTORARRAY and *SECTORNAMES may not be used together. The *LAYERXYZ calculation method has been improved, producing different results, in some cases, from the previous calculation method. Use of variable *PB and* PDW and *API initialization arrays may result in slightly different initialization. A problem, which occurred when inconsistent data was entered, has been corrected. This does not affect the *PBT, *PDWT or *APIT table vs. depth initialization options.

GRID CHANGES
*SECTOR, *SECTORARRAY and *SECTORNAMES
Keywords *SECTOR, *SECTORARRAY and *SECTORNAMES may not be used together. In a single data set all sectors need to be defined using the same method. BUILDER can be used in the conversion of one format to another.

THIRD-PARTY INTEGRATION CHANGES

Improved IMEX to GAP Coupling Synchronization
GAP will now synchronize with IMEX well events without the use of trigger keywords by default.

What's New in CMG Software

Important Changes in GEM 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES
Relative Permeability Interpolation
With this feature, multiple relative permeability tables can be defined within one rock type, where each table corresponds to one value of a specified interpolant. Interpolants available are: Volume fraction of deposited asphaltene, volume fraction of mineral, concentration of aqueous species, mole fractions of components in hydrocarbon phases and temperature. Interpolation is linear by default, but may be weighted for non-linear behavior. This feature may be used to model wettability change due to deposition of solids or aqueous composition change. See templates gmspr025.dat, gmspr026.dat and gmspr027.dat.

Viscosity Models by EOS Set

The hydrocarbon viscosity models have been generalized so that each EOS set can use a different type of viscosity correlation, as well as all input component viscosity data and correlation coefficients. With this modification, all viscosity models will correctly handle variations in temperature, so there are no restrictions on viscosity model type for thermal models. See template data set gmsmo046.dat.

Varying Initialization Methods by Regions

Different initialization methods can be specified for different initialization regions for CBM models (e.g. user-input for matrix and depth-average vertical equilibrium for fractures). See template data set gmsmo045.dat.

Other New Keywords

Critical Region Flash Skipping The new keyword CRITDELD allows user control of the threshold density difference used for flash skipping. Prior to this release, GEM would skip the flash for a single phase block if the difference between the existing phase density and the incipient phase density was less than 25 kg/m3. Initialization Improvements *SWNEQ indicates input of non-equilibrium initial water saturation override to be used with gravity-capillary equilibrium initialization. See the \doc\SWNEQ folder for documentation and an example data set. Geomechanics Enhancements The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to interface with a fluid-flow grid that has local grid refinement together with a natural-fracture grid option. See template data sets gmgmc049.dat and gmgmc050.dat. The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to handle *GNULL blocks correctly. See template data set gmgmc051.dat.

What's New in CMG Software

Output Enhancements *OUTSRF and *OUTPRN subkeywords *ZALL, *YALL and *XALL have been added to facilitate output of all hydrocarbon component mole fractions to the SR2/output files. *OUTSRF *SPECIAL is now accepted as an alias for *OUTSRF *WELL. See template data set gmtrg011.dat.

Enhancements to Existing Keywords

Water Vaporization Improvements The water vaporization model has been improved by: reformulating the model for 2-phase hydrocarbon system with water vaporization, reformulating the H2O component equilibrium equations, and improving the stability test for Aqueous-Liquid-Vapor systems. Improved Adaptive Implicit Switching The threshold-based AIM switching criterion has been extended to include aqueous components. This gives better performance for models with solubility of components in the aqueous phase as well as geochemistry models. Improved Upstream Weighting for Dispersion Control The two-point upstream weighting method (*TWOPTFLUX) has been parallelized for fast run time, and enhanced to work without restriction with all of the GEM simulation options. Shale Gas Initialization Speed-Up For models with very large numbers of refinements (multi-level LGR) grid processing speed has been improved significantly, and property assignment code in GEM has been made more efficient, resulting in substantially reduced initialization times. Improved Parallel Performance The code for transmissibility updating in models using rock compaction tables has been parallelized, as well as the sector and material balance calculations and the velocity calculations. An implicitness change criterion to decide load-balancing via keyword *JLOAD-CHIMP has been implemented.

Template Dataset Changes

The following table lists new or significantly modified template files. gmsmo044.dat gmsmo045.dat gmsmo046.dat gmsmo047.dat gmsmo048.dat gmsmo049.dat gmgmc049.dat Velocity Dependent Relative Permeabilities Pope's model. Mixed initialization for CBM models. Usage of EOSSET-wise independent viscosity correlations. Demonstrate use of *FINE-INTG subkeyword in DEPTH-AVE initialization. Companion template to GMSMO047 for comparison. Test implicit switching based on composition threshold of aqueous components. Use of GEOGRID in a dual perm model with LGR in the reservoir grid.
10

What's New in CMG Software

gmgmc050.dat gmgmc051.dat gmgmc052.dat gmgmc053.dat gmgro020.dat gmspr025.dat gmspr026.dat gmspr027.dat gmtrg011.dat gmtrg012.dat gmtrg013.dat gmwwm097.dat gmwwm098.dat

Use of a combination of dual grids LGR in reservoir grid and Barton-Bandis model. Use of *GNULL - Null Blocks in *GEOGRID. Geomech template demonstrating extending geogrid feature. Geomech template demonstrating extending/contacting geogrid feature. Use of *ARRAY qualifier to modify a property in a set of gridblocks. Demonstrate usage of relative permeability interpolation keywords. Asphaltene modelling with solid deposition dependent rockfluid data. Thermal + deposition + Rel Perm Interpolation. WAG process with cycle duration based on cum. injection/time targets. Use of special symbol '$' to link the value of the trigger test condition with a well action line. Template with triggers on reporting groups. Demonstrate usage of *SHUTLAYER1. Test BHF initialization with TURB/QUAD.

GRID CHANGES
Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of GEM
Keywords *SECTOR, *SECTORARRAY and *SECTORNAMES may not be used together. Doing so in previous versions sometimes resulted in duplicated sectors which may or may not contain information. *SECTORNAMES must appear at most once and must appear before *ISECTOR.

What's New in CMG Software

11

Important Changes in STARS 2012

SIMULATOR CHANGES
Geomechanics
New keywords *GEOPOSTPRO and *GEOPOSTFREQ specify a geomechanics post-processing run, where an SR2 file set generated by a run without geomechanics is scanned for conditions at which to do geomechanics calculations. See stgeo62.dat, stgeo63.dat, stgeo64.dat and stgeo65.dat. The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to interface with a fluid-flow grid that has local grid refinement together with a natural-fracture grid option. See stgeo059.dat and stgeo060.dat. The *GEOGRID option was enhanced to handle *GNULL blocks correctly. See stgeo061.dat.

Chemical Processes
New keyword *SHEAREFFEC lets you specify whether viscosity shear depends on Darcy velocity or shear rate. This affects the meaning and unit type of ul,lower and ul,max from *SHEARTHIN (stflu041.dat) ul,lower and ul,max from *SHEARTHICK (stflu042.dat) 1st column from *SHEARTAB (stflu043.dat, stflu044.dat)

New keyword *VSSALTCOMP lets you specify the salinity component, which affects the viscosity of the nonlinear mixing component and the effective parameters. See stflu047.dat and stflu048.dat. New keywords *IONCOMP1, *IONCOMP2, *IONXKC and *IONQV allow you to model ion exchange. See stflu051.dat, stflu052.dat and stflu053.dat. New *INTCOMP sub-keyword *ADS specifies that rock-fluid interpolation varies with the amount of adsorption of a component. See stflu053.dat. New keyword *SHIFT *MWT scales internal numerical shift values according to molecular weight. See stflu45.dat, stflu46.dat, stflu47.dat and stflu48.dat.

Other New Keywords

New *OUTSRF *GRID sub-keyword *VELCAPN lets you view the velocities used in capillary number calculations when *IFTTABLE is used. See sttst12.dat. New keyword *RESTART_SR2 causes restart information to be written to a separate SR2 file set, in which case real numbers for all other output SR2 files are written in single precision. See stsmo060.dat (separate restart) and sttst08.dat (included restart).

What's New in CMG Software

12

New keyword *RXORDUSE specifies what type of concentration is raised to the reaction order in the reaction rate expression: concentration based on gross volume (default, and the only option available previously) or phase volume. See existing template sttst02.dat and new template stflu049.dat. New keyword *RXEQBASE specifies the composition base for the equilibrium reference used by keywords *RXEQFOR/BAK. See stflu050.dat. New keywords *HYS_CFACTG and *HYS_TRAPG allow extra control of the scanning curve for Krg hysteresis using the Carlson or Killough method. New *RPT sub-keyword *RPT_INTRP allows you to interpolate between rock-fluid rock types defined via *RPT. See stsmo059.dat. New keyword *UPWIND can reduce grid orientation without the limitations or cost of *NINEPOINT. See stgro54.dat, stgro55.dat, stgro56.dat, stgro57.dat, stgro58.dat, and stgro60.dat. New keyword *OUTBOARD lets outboard software update recurrent data at or between *DATE and *TIME cards. The manual is in OUTBOARD.doc.

Enhancements to Existing Keywords

The default action for keyword *VOLCONST has been changed from *BULK to *ROCK. See stsmo057.dat. When keyword *INIT_FROM_RESTART is used, all other *INITIAL data is ignored and can be absent. See stflu033.dat. The action of *AQUIFER was enhanced when aquifer is combined with overburden heat loss on multiple faces of a block. See verify90.dat. The sign of aquifer influx of water and heat has been reversed to match IMEX and GEM. Starting with v2012, a positive influx value indicates flow from aquifer to reservoir.

Template Dataset Changes

Fluid Types stflu033.dat stflu041.dat stflu042.dat stflu043.dat stflu044.dat stflu045.dat stflu046.dat stflu047.dat stflu048.dat stflu049.dat stflu050.dat stflu051.dat stflu052.dat Change: Remove all other *INITIAL data Test/Illustrate *SHEARTHIN (Shear Rate), Radial Polymer Flood Test/Illustrate *SHEARTHICK (Shear Rate) Shear Thickening Test/Illustrate *SHEARTAB (Shear Rate) White Castle Test/Illustrate *SHEARTAB (Shear Rate, Variable Perm) White Castle Verify/Illustrate *SHIFT *MWT, Micellar Polymer in Core Verify/Illustrate *SHIFT *MWT, Micellar Polymer in Stochastic Reservoir Verify/Illustrate *VSSALTCMP, Micellar Polymer in Core Verify/Illustrate *VSSALTCMP, Micellar Polymer in Stochastic Reservoir Verify/Illustrate *RXORDUSE *DEN_COMP Verify/Illustrate *RXEQBASE with Foamy Oil Ionic flood in core (Na/Ca exchange) Lowsal Effect, Calcium and Sodium Ion Exchange via *INTCOMP *WATER
13

What's New in CMG Software

stflu053.dat stflu054.dat Geomechanics stgeo059.dat stgeo060.dat stgeo061.dat stgeo062.dat stgeo063.dat stgeo064.dat stgeo065.dat Simulator Options stsmo057.dat stsmo059.dat stsmo060.dat Option Verification verify89.dat verify90.dat

Lowsal Effect, Calcium and Sodium Ion Exchange via *INTCOMP *ADS Ionic Flood in Core (Na/Ca Exchange)

Verify/Illustrate *GEOGRID with *REFINE and *DUALPERM Verify/Illustrate *GEOGRID with *REFINE and Barton-Bandis *DUALPERM Verify/Illustrate *GNULL - Null Blocks in *GEOGRID Verify/Illustrate Geomechanics Post Processing - Host Grid - Parent Run Verify/Illustrate Geomechanics Post Processing - Host Grid Verify/Illustrate Geomechanics Post Processing - GeoGrid - Parent Run Verify/Illustrate Geomechanics Post Processing - GeoGrid

Change: Test/Illustrate *VOLCONST *BULK Volume Constraint Type Verify/Illustrate *RPT_INTRP *COMP for Surfactant Flood Verify/Illustrate *RESTART_SR2 *SEPARATE

Verify/Illustrate *MOD *ARRAY Verify Multi-Face Combined Aquifer and Heat Loss

Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS

Keyword *ICE may not be used together with *PHWELLBORE *SAMODEL.

WELL MANAGEMENT CHANGES

Flexible Wellbore
These options have been added to the Flexible Wellbore feature. The manual is in FlexWell_Keywords.doc. New keyword *FW-ITER allows more control over Flexible Wellbore convergence. See stwwm059.dat. New *PERF_FLX sub-keyword *REFLAYER overrides the default location of the reference (bottom-hole pressure) layer. See stwwm074.dat. New keywords *FCDL-PARAM and *FCDL specify a flow control device (FCD) on a per-completion-layer basis. Sub-keyword *ORIF specifies an orifice type of FCD (stwwm075.dat), sub-keyword *VENTURI specifies venturi type of FCD (stwwm076.dat) and sub-keyword *VENTURI-INJ specifies a venturi type of FCD that does not allow backflow (stwwm077.dat). New *FLX_WELLBORE *TUBULARS *VARIABLE sub-keyword *WP lets you specify a withdrawal point below the top of the tubing. See stwwm080.dat. New *FCDL-PARAM sub-keyword *STA is an alternate flow-control device.
14

What's New in CMG Software

Other New Keywords

New *PHWELLBORE sub-keyword *GL-PORT specifies gas-lift port locations that can be used during to the run as the reference depth for gas lift. See stwwm079.dat. New keywords *LAYERCLUMP, *RM-LAYERCLUMP and *CLUMPSETTING let you lump well completion layers together for control purposes. See stwwm058.dat. New keywords *LAYERRLUMP and *RM-LAYERRLUMP let you lump well completion layers together for reporting purposes. See stwwm058.dat.

Enhancements to Existing Keywords

*WELL *FRAC now applies to all rate-type *MONITOR constraints. See sttst70.dat and sthrw008.dat. Well perforation was enhanced to handle correctly the re-perforation of a recurrently refined block. See stwwm078.dat.

Template Dataset Changes

Wells and Well Management stwwm058.dat stwwm059.dat stwwm074.dat stwwm075.dat stwwm076.dat stwwm077.dat stwwm078.dat stwwm079.dat stwwm080.dat stwwm081.dat stwwm082.dat Layer Lumping; Trigger Based on Avg Sector Temperature Change: Add *FW-ITER. Verify/Illustrate *PERF_FLX with *REFLAYER Verify/Illustrate *FCDL-PARAM *ORIF on Tubing Verify/Illustrate *FCDL-PARAM *VENTURI in Injection cycle Verify/Illustrate *FCDL-PARAM *VENTURI-INJ in Injection cycle Verify/Illustrate Re-perforation of Recurrently Refined Block Verify/Illustrate *GL_PORT for Gas Lift Location in *PHWELLBORE Verify/Illustrate *FLX_WELLBORE *WP Withdrawal Point Verify/Illustrate *MONITOR *AUTOLAYER1 Verify/Illustrate *MONITOR *SHUTLAYER1

Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS

*PHWELLBORE *SAMODEL may not be used when *MINTEMP < 0 C (which requires keyword *ICE).

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In previous versions *WELL *FRAC was not applied to rate-type *MONITOR constraints, so the rate value for a *MONITOR constraint was for the partial well. The new version does apply the well fraction, that is, the rate value is for the entire well (consistent with all the other well rates). In order to reproduce the previous behaviour, the *MONITOR rate must be divided by the well fraction. This adjustment was made to existing templates sttst70.dat and sthrw008.dat.

GRID CHANGES
Enhancements to Existing Keywords
The action of *SCONNECT was enhanced to handle correctly a single cell having multiple special connections. See verify80.dat.

Template Dataset Changes

Grid Options stgro054.dat stgro055.dat stgro056.dat stgro057.dat stgro058.dat stgro059.dat stgro060.dat stgro061.dat stgro062.dat stgro063.dat stgro064.dat stgro017.dat sttst04.dat verify80.dat *UPWIND *IJ with Diagonal 25x13 1/8 9-Spot Pattern *UPWIND *IJ with Parallel 18x18 1/8 9-Spot Pattern *UPWIND *IJ with *DYNAGRID in Diagonal 25x13 1/8 9-Spot Pattern *UPWIND *3D with Diagonal 25x13 1/8 9-Spot Pattern *UPWIND *3D with Parallel 18x18 1/8 9-Spot Pattern *UPWIND *3D with *DYNAGRID in Diagonal 25x13 1/8 9-Spot Pattern Test/Illustrate *UPWIND *IK with *GRID *CORNER Verify/Illustrate *IRCONNECT Radial Grid Verify/Illustrate *IRCONNECT Cartesian/Hybrid Grid Verify/Illustrate *NODES for Node-Based Corner-Point Data Verify/Illustrate *NODEX/Y/Z for Node-Based Corner-Point Data Change: Add non-uniform LGR block sizes. Change: Add non-uniform LGR block sizes. Test/Illustrate Multiple *SCONNECT Applied to One Cell

Data Incompatibilities with Previous Versions of STARS

Keywords *SECTOR (sttst07.dat), *SECTORARRAY (sttst08.dat) and *SECTORNAMES (sttst58.dat) may not be used together. Doing so in previous versions sometimes resulted in duplicated sectors which may or may not contain information. *SECTORNAMES must appear at most once and must appear before *ISECTOR.

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Important Changes in Launcher 2012

GENERAL CHANGES
In the Configure Local Job Server screen, you can now specify whether you want to treat CMG licenses as resources; i.e., to only start the simulator if valid licenses are available. An Advanced Options button has been added to remote scheduler screens, and advanced options are moved to the Advanced Options dialog box.

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Important Changes in CMOST 2012

GENERAL CHANGES
Support STARS-ME and Other Special Simulator Versions
CMOST 2012.10 supports running special simulator versions such as STARS-ME. To use this feature, specify the desired simulator version through the Run Configurations page. If a special dictionary file is required to process SR2 files produced by the special simulator, you will also need to specify the correct dictionary file either in the New Task dialog box or in the Run Configurations page.

Pre-simulation Commands and Improved Link to GOCAD

In previous versions, to couple CMOST runs with GOCAD, users needed to provide an intermediate program that transfers data between CMOST and GOCAD. The link to GOCAD has been greatly improved in CMOST 2012.10 so that an intermediate program is no longer needed for the coupling. A new task page Presimulation Commands has been added for users to configure various pre-simulation commands such as Run Builder Silently and Run GOCAD.

Time Series Data Compression in CMOST Result File

The CMOST Result Files (.cmr) format has been improved to reduce the file size, by up to 70% in some cases. As a result, the data loading speed is significantly improved. This enhancement is especially important when dealing with tasks that have large numbers of Time Series Result Observers defined. Users do not need to do anything to use this new feature. Older .cmr files that are opened and re-saved using the new version of CMOST will be automatically optimized to reduce the file size.

Export CMOST Result to Text File or Excel

CMOST 2012.10 allows users to export Time Series data and Property vs. Distance data to TabDelimited text files or Excel XML files. This feature can be accessed via the Export Data context menu which is available on all Time Series Observers and Property vs. Distance Observers plots and tree nodes. The Export Data wizard also allows users to select certain jobs for exporting the data, to choose whether to include the parameter values of each of the jobs, and to configure the format of tab-delimited text files. See Export Data for details.

Adjust Maximum Job Run Time during Run

This feature can be used to adjust the Maximum Job Run Time allowed per job while CMOST is running. If the actual run time of a job exceeds the specified Maximum Job Run Time, CMOST will automatically kill the job and treat the job as abnormal termination. To use this feature, click Operation in the menu bar and then select Update Engine Settings to open the Update Engine Settings dialog box. See Update Engine Settings for details.

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Job Submission and Scheduler Utilization Optimization

When multiple schedulers are available for submitting jobs, CMOST 2012.10 will dynamically prioritize the schedulers according to the number of jobs that are currently running or that have been queued in each scheduler. CMOST will then choose the least busy scheduler as the target scheduler for submitting the next simulation job. This feature is automatically applied and no settings are required.

CMG Dataset Parameterization Tool

A CMM file editor tool has been developed to help users parameterize CMG datasets. This tool supports syntax highlighting so that users can easily identify CMG keywords. With this tool, users can select any part of the dataset and let the tool automatically create a CMOST parameter. Users can also easily navigate through all CMOST parameters in the dataset. This tool can significantly improve the efficiency of using CMOST. See CMOST CMM Editor for details.

Particle Swarm Optimization

The particle swarm optimization algorithm has been improved to allow users to configure the cognitive acceleration coefficient, social acceleration coefficient, population size, and inertia weight. The default inertia weight, population size, cognition and social components are set according to Trelea particle swarm optimization algorithm. See Particle Swarm Optimization Switches for details.

Ordinary Kriging Algorithm Improvement

History matching and optimization convergence using ordinary Kriging proxy models has been improved by switching from anisotropy to isotropy near the end of the optimization process. This switch allows different regions of the search space to be explored by the optimization algorithm. This feature is automatically applied and no settings are required.

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Important Changes in WinProp 2012

GENERAL CHANGES
Simulator Calculation Engine Changes
STARS Gas Viscosity Parameter Generation The STARS Basic PVT calculation now has the option to write out component gas viscosity correlation coefficients. Since the STARS gas viscosity model is a low-pressure form, the coefficients are generated at atmospheric pressure. See template data set starsgas_visc_withH2O.dat. Multiple Mixing Cell Method for MMP The multiple mixing cell method of Ahmadi and Johns (SPE 116823) for calculating minimum miscibility pressure has been implemented in WinProp. Recent research on analytical method-ofcharacteristics (MOC) techniques for calculating MMP indicates that the MOC methods may not always converge to the correct solution. The multiple mixing cell method is included as an alternative to check the results of MOC calculations, and possibly indicate if slim-tube simulations should be done. Additional Regression Variables for OGW Flash The component mole fractions in non-aqueous phases and component gas-water and oil-water kvalues can now be specified as experimental data for regression in the OGW flash. Enthalpy and Entropy Calculations Phase Entropy is now output in the standard phase property table in WinProp, along with enthalpy and heat capacity. The database of ideal gas enthalpy coefficients used in the calculation of all of these quantities has been updated from the 2005 edition of the API Technical Data Book, to eliminate some inconsistencies in the earlier data. Format I and Format II Extended Black Oil Tables The calculation of the alternate format extended black oil tables has been enhanced for better consistency with Equation-of-State results for density and viscosity.

Graphical User Interface Changes

Operations with Multiple Calculation Modules A new dialog has been implemented to allow operations to be performed on multiple calculation modules simultaneously. The dialog shows a list of the calculation modules in the data set that can be selected using the usual CTRL and SHIFT keyboard controls. The selected items can be included/excluded from the WinProp run, or cut/copied to the clipboard. The contents of the clipboard may then be pasted into any open data set. Other Interface Features An option to temporarily disable regression has been implemented. The calculations in the regression block are still performed, but no regression is done.

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Important Changes in Builder/Results 2012

GENERAL CHANGES - BUILDER
Improved support for visualization of geomechanics boundary conditions has been added. Refer to Geomechanics GEM and STARS, Displacement Boundary Conditions in the Builder Users Guide. A trajectory smoothing feature has been added. Through this feature you can highlight and resolve problems with trajectories, insert and delete trajectory nodes, eliminate kinks, interpolate between nodes, replace an existing trajectory with a smoothed trajectory, and export the smoothed trajectory to a Builder-formatted trajectory file for later import. Refer to Trajectory Smoothing in the Builder Users Guide. FlexWells now supports the REPLACE keyword, which allows a given FlexWell to change a PRODUCER for an INJECTOR and vice versa. This is supported in the Events table. FlexWells is now consistent with the PHWELLBORE model so if an annulus uses a wellbore model, all tubing wells must also use it. FlexWells now supports WP (withdrawal point) through the user interface. If a withdrawal point is present, FlexWells checks that the wellbore model is not used. Refer to FlexWells (STARS) in the Builder Users Guide for further details. Formula Manager provides a centralized location for managing formulas. Refer to Formula Manager in the Builder Users Guide. The Import Black Oil PVT wizard now supports multiple PVT regions, and improvements have been made to the user interface. Refer to STARS Import Black Oil PVT Wizard in the Builder Users Guide. Builder supports datasets with grids specified in node based format. If the grid is not specified in node based format, Builder can convert (most of) the corner points. Refer to Converting an Existing Simulation Grid to a Node Based Format in the Builder Users Guide.

GENERAL CHANGES - RESULTS

Results 3D and Results Report
A new Formula Manager allows you to: - Create, edit and delete a formula. - View and interact with all formulas from all open .3tp files. - Copy a Spatial-Property formula within or between Results 3D .3tp files. Refer to Formula Manager in the Results 3D Users Guide for further information.

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Results Graph
A new Formula Manager allows you to: - Create, edit and delete a formula. - View and interact with all formulas from all open files. - Copy a TimeSeries formula within or between Results Graph .ses files. - Repeat a Property versus Time plot that contains a TimeSeries formula. - Repeat a Property versus Distance plot that contains a Spatial-Property formula created using Results 3D. - Repeat a plot or curve containing a formula (which could be a Spatial-Property formula) across files, using Add Similar Curves/Plots, as described in Repeating Curves or Plots for New Data Files. Refer to Formula Manager and To add curves based on formulae in the Results Graph Users Guide for more information.

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Important Changes in DataImporter 2012

GENERAL CHANGES
No changes.

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