Professional Documents
Culture Documents
70 minutes
70 marks
Page 1 of 18
Q1.
(b)
The graph shows how the percentages of obese men and women in the UK changed
between 1994 and 2004.
(i)
Describe how the percentage of obese women changed between 1994 and 2004.
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(2)
(ii)
Page 2 of 18
(c)
The chart below is published by the British Heart Foundation. It shows how death from
CHD is related to a number of different factors.
(ii)
Estimate the percentage of deaths from CHD related to high blood pressure.
.................................................. %
(1)
(iii)
The data are shown as overlapping circles instead of a bar chart. The percentages
of deaths related to the different factors add up to more than 100%.
What does this tell you about some of the people who died from CHD?
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(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 3 of 18
Q2.
On Ward 2, babies were delivered by midwives. The midwives did not work on other
wards.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
Page 4 of 18
(b)
In January 1848, Dr Semmelweiss asked all doctors to wash their hands before delivering
babies.
The table shows the number of deaths on the two wards in 1848.
(i)
Ward
Ward 1
Ward 2
(ii)
What was the effect on the death rate on Ward 1 of doctors washing their hands
before delivering babies?
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(1)
(iii)
Page 5 of 18
Q3.
(a)
The nutrient jelly was heated to 120 C before being poured into the Petri dish.
Why is this necessary?
Tick ( ) one box.
Statement
Tick
( )
Page 6 of 18
(b)
Temperature
Tick
( )
15 C
25 C
37 C
(1)
(c)
Diagram 2 shows the appearance of the Petri dish after two days.
Page 7 of 18
Q4.
The chart below shows factors that are related to death from coronary heart disease (CHD).
(i)
(ii)
Estimate the percentage of deaths from CHD related to high blood pressure.
.................................................... %
(1)
(b)
Page 8 of 18
Q5.
(b)
Suggest two reasons why it is an advantage to keep farm animals disease free.
1 .....................................................................................................................
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(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Q6.
A popular diet book claims that a low-carbohydrate diet results in quicker weight loss and a
more healthy body than a low-fat diet.
Scientists carried out an investigation to see if this claim is true.
They used 120 overweight volunteers divided into two equal groups.
Group 1 was given a diet containing less than 20 g of carbohydrate per day.
Group 2 was given a low-fat diet. This contained less than 30% of energy from fat
and less than 300 mg of cholesterol per day.
Both groups were given the same exercise programmes and a weekly information
meeting.
Group 1
Low-carbohydrate diet
Group 2
Low-fat diet
76%
57%
12.9%
6.7%
9.4 kg
4.8 kg
16 mg per litre
74 mg per litre
Proportion of volunteers
who completed the trial
(a)
(b)
Give one variable that the scientists tried to control in this investigation.
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(1)
(c)
Give two ways in which the method used by the scientists could have led to unreliable
data.
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(2)
Page 10 of 18
(d)
Yes / No
Q7.
Adapted from British Medical Journal, 2006, volume 332, pages 1309 1314.
(a)
Page 11 of 18
(b)
Give two conclusions that can be drawn from the results of this study.
1 ..................................................................................................................................
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2 ..................................................................................................................................
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(2)
(c)
(d)
Page 12 of 18
Q8.
Caused by bacteria
Caused by viruses
Influenza
Mumps
Cholera
Tuberculosis
(3)
(b)
In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information clearly
and using specialist terms where appropriate.
Describe how vaccination helps people to develop immunity to a disease.
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(6)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 13 of 18
Q9.
Many diseases are caused by viruses. Children are given vaccines to protect them against
viral disease.
(a)
(b)
In the 1990s many people thought that the MMR vaccine caused autism in some children.
This is why the Japanese government stopped using the MMR vaccine.
The graph gives information about the percentage of Japanese children who developed
autism during the 1990s.
Page 14 of 18
The data in the graph support the view that there is no link between MMR vaccination and
autism.
Explain why.
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(4)
(Total 7 marks)
Q10.
Some students investigated the effect of pH on the growth of one species of bacterium.
They transferred samples of bacteria from a culture of this species to each of eight flasks. Each flask
contained a solution of nutrients but at a different pH.
After 24 hours, the students measured the amount of bacterial growth.
(a)
It was important that the flasks in which the bacteria grew were not contaminated with
other microorganisms.
Describe two precautions the students should have taken to prevent this contamination.
1 ..................................................................................................................................
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2 ..................................................................................................................................
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(2)
(b)
To see the effect of pH on the growth of the bacteria, other conditions should be kept
constant.
Suggest two conditions which should have been kept constant for all eight flasks.
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2 ..................................................................................................................................
(2)
Page 15 of 18
(c)
The students wanted to find the best pH for the growth of this species of bacterium.
(i)
Use the graph to estimate the pH at which the bacteria would grow best.
pH ..............................
(1)
(ii)
What could the students do to find a more accurate value for the best pH for growth
of the bacteria?
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(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Q11.
Page 16 of 18
(b)
(i)
(ii)
In most years, the number of deaths from influenza in Liverpool is very low.
Explain, in terms of the influenza virus and the bodys immune system, why there
were large numbers of deaths in years such as 1918 and 1951.
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(3)
(Total 7 marks)
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