Matlab Review

Picker Engineering Program Smith College EGR 301

January 25, 2005 Judith Cardell

Basic commands Running script files and capturing output Matrix manipulations Plotting

Matlab Hints
Matlab is available on the EGR, and most other, computers on campus Icon:

MATLAB 6.5.lnk

Matlab Commands
pwd ls cd edit help command

See also webpage links and Appendix E of the EGR 220 text

Matlab Hints

Matlab Script File

Create a .m file in the editor
Type edit filename in Matlab

Include comments!!
Header
Filename Assignment and brief description Your name and date

Comments throughout

% is used to indicate a comment line The semicolon tells Matlab not to echo the information on the given line to the screen

Node-voltage equations by inspection Find i1, i2, i3 and i

(problem 3.41)

Analysis by Inspection
Ohms law V = IR RI = V

Rkk = sum of R in mesh k Rjk = negative sum of R in common between meshes j and k

% % MatlabSample1.m % Your name, date ... % % Problem number 3.41

R = [ 12 -2 -2 0 -1

0 6]; % The ; tells Matlab ... % Note the '

7 -1

V = [6 -8 2]';

% % Our equation is R I = V % Solve for I by solving I = inverse(R) V %

I = inv(R)*V i = I(3) - I(2)

% There is no ; here

Running MatlabSample1.m
Run your script (.m) file in Matlab
Once it does what you want, record your results

To record your results, type

diary filename.txt name-of-.m-file (note, the output will scroll across the screen when you run your script. The name-of.m-file in this example is MatlabSample1) diary off

>> diary Sample1Out.txt >> MatlabSample1 I= 0.3291 -1.0256 0.1624 i= 1.1880 >> diary off

EDIT Your Diary File!!!!

Problem 3.41, output from MatlabSample1.m I= 0.3291 -1.0256 0.1624 i= 1.1880 % Current vector, i1, i2 and i3

% Current through 1 resistor

General Matrix Manipulations

Matrix
An m x n collection of data (rows x columns)

Vector
An m x 1 array, or A 1 x n array

Matrix manipulation in Matlab

The : operator to select rows, columns or subsets of rows and columns

>> A = [ 1 2 3 4 ; 5 6 7 8 ; 3 4 5 6 ; 2 6 4 5] A = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 4 5 6 2 6 4 5 >> B = [A(1,:)] B = 1 2 >> C = [A(:,2)] C = 2 6 4 6 >> D = [A(1:2,2)] D = 2 6

>> A = [ 1 2 3 4 ; 5 6 7 8 ; 3 4 5 6 ; 2 6 4 5] A = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 4 5 6 2 6 4 5 >> F = [A(1,:) A(3,:)] F = 1 2 3 4 3 4 5 6 >> G = [A(1,:) ; A(3,:)] G = 1 3 2 4 3 5 4 6

Matrix Multiplication
Standard matrix multiplication
A*B

Element-wise multiplication
Do Not mistake this for matrix multiplication A .* B

>> A = [ 1 1 ; 1 1; 1 1] A = 1 1 1 1 1 1 >> B = A B = 1 1 ( Matrix transpose ) 1 1 1 1

>> C = B * A C = 3 3 3 3 >> D = B .* A ??? Error using ==> .* Matrix dimensions must agree. >> D = B(:,1:2) .* A(1:2,:) D = 1 1 1 1

Plotting
2-D plots
Input or create x- and y- axis data sets plot (x, y, b--) Also contour(), based on x, y, z data

3-D plots
Input or create x-, y- and z- axis data sets mesh (x, y, z) Or, setup x- and y-axes with meshgrid() Also: surf()

Plotting
Scale axes with axis() command To create time step data for x-axis
t = [start-value: step-size: end-value]

>> t = [0:0.5:5] t = 0.0 0.5 1.0 3.0 3.5 4.0

1.5 4.5

2.0 5.0

2.5

Label axes and plots

title(), xlabel(), ylabel() on

For plotting more than one line hold and hold off can be useful