Jos Mariano Salas

Jos Mariano Salas

Jos Mariano Salas

16th President of Mexico In office 5 August 1846 23 December 1846 Preceded by Succeeded by Nicols Bravo Valentn Gmez Faras

Provisional President of Mexico by the Plan de Tacubaya In office 21 January 1859 2 February 1859 Preceded by Succeeded by Manuel Robles Pezuela Miguel Miramn

Regent of the Mexican Empire with Juan Almonte and Antonio de Labastida In office 11 July 1863 10 April 1864 Monarch Succeeded by Maximilian of Mexico Maximilian of Mexico Personal details Born 11 May 1797 Mexico City 24 December 1867 Mexico City Mexican Josefa Cardea

Died

Nationality Spouse(s)

Jos Mariano Salas Jos Mariano de Salas (11 May 1797 24 December 1867) was a Mexican general and politician who served twice as interim president of Mexico (1846 and 1859). He was also a member of the executive triumvirate of the Second Empire that invited Maximilian of Habsburg to take the throne.

Early years
Salas entered the military in 1813 as an infantry cadet in the Regimiento de Infantes de Puebla, a Spanish royalist regiment. His first actions were against the insurgents in the Mexican War of Independence. He was with Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna at the capture of Xalapa, Veracruz. In 1821 he accepted the Plan de Iguala for Mexican independence. He was a defender of the government of President Guadalupe Victoria at the time of the revolt of Plan de Montao in 1827. He fought in Tampico against the invasion of the Spaniard Isidro Barradas in 1829. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1832. He commanded one of the columns in the assault on the Alamo, and fought in the action at Llano Perdido. He covered the retreat of the Mexican forces to Matamoros. On 15 July 1840 he took part the suppression of a revolt by soldiers at the National Palace. In 1844 he was exiled for his support of Santa Anna.

As president
On 4 August 1846 from the Ciudadela in Mexico City, he revolted against General Mariano Paredes, who had just temporarily turned over the presidency to Nicols Bravo to take the field against other rebels. Salas proclaimed the reestablishment of the federalist rgime. (Paredes was a centralist.) Salas was president from 5 August 1846 to 23 December 1846. He immediately re-established the federalist Constitution of 1824 and convoked a new Congress. He worked hard to enlarge the militia and raise money for the upcoming war with the United States. In December he turned over power to Santa Anna (as president) and Valentn Gmez Faras (as vice-president and acting president). In 1847 Salas was promoted to general of division. As second in command of the Ejrcito del Norte (Northern Army), he fought the Americans in the Mexican-American War. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Contreras (Padierna) on 20 August 1847. After the peace treaty he was named military commander and governor of Quertaro.

The War of the Reform and the Second Empire

He served a second term as acting president during the War of the Reform, from 21 January 1859 to 2 February 1859, while awaiting the return of Miguel Miramn. Miramn (and Salas as his substitute) claimed the presidency for the Conservative cause. As commander of the garrison of Mexico City, on 1 June 1863 he formed part of the Executive Power of the Conservative government in the War of the Reform. This lasted until 21 June 1863, when the Regency of the Mexican Empire was formed. Together with General Juan Nepomuceno Almonte and Archbishop Antonio de Labastida[1] he formed the triumvirate that exercised power during the Regency, under the protection of French arms (21 June 1863 to 12 June 1864). It was the Regency that sent representatives to Maximilian of Habsburg to offer him the imperial throne of Mexico. Maximilian assumed the throne on 12 June 1864. However, Benito Jurez remained as constitutional president throughout this period, and throughout the Empire.

Jos Mariano Salas

Notes
[1] Juan Bautista Ormaechea replaced Labastida on the council after the latter was removed on 17 November 1863.

References
(Spanish) "Salas, Jos Mariano," Enciclopedia de Mxico, v. 12. Mexico City, 1996, ISBN 1-56409-016-7. (Spanish) Garca Puron, Manuel, Mxico y sus gobernantes, v. 2. Mexico City: Joaqun Porrua, 1984. (Spanish) Orozco Linares, Fernando, Gobernantes de Mxico. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, ISBN 968-38-0260-5.

Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors

Jos Mariano Salas Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=516671141 Contributors: 8th Ohio Volunteers, Alan MB, Commonlaw504, Esteban Zissou, Hpav7, John K, Ohconfucius, R'n'B, Rbraunwa, Rjwilmsi, SalomonCeb, Scott Mingus, Valentinian, Vlastimil Svoboda, 15 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

file:Jos Mariano Salas.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Jos_Mariano_Salas.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Homo lupus, Keepscases, Martin H. File:Seal of the Government of Mexico.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Seal_of_the_Government_of_Mexico.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Alex Covarrubias. Based in the arms of Juan Gabino.

License
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