Professional Documents
Culture Documents
) : (
-1
1-1
1-1-1
)(
) (Dumb waiter
) (Escalators ) (Ramps
).(Moving walks
:
. . . .)( .
.
)( )
4 8
(.
)(
.
)(
) Single-wrap
(traction machine ) ) (1-1(
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).(Traction sheave
)( )) (1-1(
) (S ) (Idle sheave
) (T ) (S
)) (1-1( 1:1
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.
1/1
) : (
)(
2:1 Roping,
underslung
)(
2:1 Roping
double
wrap
)(
1:1 Roping
)(
1:1 Roping
double
wrap
)(
1:1
Roping
single
) :(1-1
) (
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
2-1-1
)) (1-1( 1:1
) ( .
)) (1-1 ( 1 : 2
) 2.5 3.5/(
.
)) (1-1(
10 2/
2000.
) Motor
(generator ).(2-1
/
).(Static converters
) (Geared machines
500 1500 /
) (.
2/1
) : (
)(
)
(.
)(
) 0.75 0.125/(
)(Variable speed
) (Variable voltage
) (Variable voltage, variable frequency) (VVVF
2.2. 75 .. . ) (1-1
.
) :(1-1
)(
)/(
45 15
55 15
< 50
1 0.25
2-1
<2
)(
40 - 30
)(
.
)(
50
5000 2/ 15.
260..
3/1
) : (
-
) (
) :(2-1
) m/c
4/1
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(room less
.
)( ) (3-1
) (4-1 .
)(
1500 /375/
.
)( 1500/
.
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:
).(
= .
)(
.
1500
900 600
1 : 1 ) 1200(
50
10 .
1500 3.6/
1/.
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.
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(
)
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5/1
) : (
:
) (1
.
) (2 /
20 .
) (3
.
) /( ) (5-1
) (Rapid acceleration
/.
/
.
.
.
6/1
) : (
:
:
95 - 90
UMV
/ 80
160
280
640
200
800
1000
520
) :(5-1 . .
3-1-1
50
) (Group demand factor ).(6-1
) (6-1
.
:
) (6-1 1750
3/ 36..
0.67
120 = 0.67365 :..
/ 80
=
120
= 150..
0.8
.
/ ) ( .
) (Potential energy
) (System regenerative braking
.
) (6-1
.
7/1
) : (
69
57
1750 kg
50
1500 kg
45
1250 kg
39
1000 kg
33
27
20
800 kg
630 kg
450 kg
300 kg
4.5
3.5
3
2
2.5
)/(
1.5
0.5
15
12
9
6
3
0
2000 kg
82
75
67
60
52
45
37.5
30
22.5
15
7.5
0
) :(6-1 .
:
1 : 1 )(5
1750 3/ :
. 0.21 /. ..
:
) (1 /
50 50
8/1
63
) : (
70
.
) (2 50 50
90
:
= 36. )
( 80
36.45 = .
/
..
=
0.8
/ =
45. 90 . 70 20 =
5.67..
= 5.67..
=
36. 90 . 50 20 =
3.24..
3.24. .
= 8.91 = 3.54 + 5.67. /
5 = 44.55 =8.915. .
.
:
.
:
2
70 2 50 6 10 14 32.5 .
=
32.5 24
= (3.24+5.67)0.325. 24.
= 69.5. //
0.21
25
= 69.5.
9/1
) : (
. .
= 364.86 / /
= 1824.323 /
) (
/
10 25
/
12
1824.323
= 4378.374
20
4-1-1
/
) 1/( ) 25
(
.
) (7-1
.
10/1
) : (
750
3
6.7 :
) :(7-1 750
0.375/ 8
.
:
1750 0.625
/ 30. .
10 / 6
) 60 : (
:
/ =
1
30.
= 110. .
10 60
2
82
=
4.33
6
110..
0.21 /..
= 600 /
:
11/1
) : (
316.25 / /
.
5-1-1
.
0.45/ 0.6/
.
20
).(8-1
7.5
-
) (2-1
) (9-1
) :(8-1
2.5 18.
.
12/1
) : (
) (10-1
.
) :(2-1
)(
810
1210
)/(
0.45 0.6
0.45 0.6
).(
7.5
7.5
10
6.5
20
13.5
5
) (
10
2
5
1
) :(9-1
810
30
13/1
20
) : (
50 60.
) (3-1
6.5.
) :(3-1
)(
810
1210
)(
).(
)/(
0.45 0.6 - 0.45 0.6
4.25
5.2
3.75
5.00
5.20
6.40
7.60
5.00
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11.2
:
) (1 4
).(Single electric feeder
) (2 .
) (3
.
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7.5. .
:
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6-1-1
14/1
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.
.
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.
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.
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15/1
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) :(12-1
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.
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.
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.
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).(Control dampers
)(
) (Thermostat
.
.
) (4-1
.
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)(
350
)../(
1194
)(
200
16/1
)(
355
)(2
2
) : (
750
2000
200
200
2559
6824
750
1500
64
16 - 12
)(
)( .
) (13-1
) (Window type AC
) (.
) (
)
) :(13-1
(
17/1
) (
) : (
" "
) (Heat pump
.
) (5-1 .
) :(5-1 ) (
../
) (
12000
18000
24000
1
1.5
2
36000
3.00
) (
).(.
1.540
2.365
3.350
).(.
)//
(
2.200
3.750
4.325
4.00
5.00
1/50/220
1/50/220
1/50/220
1/50/2203/50/380 -
)(2
12 10
18 15
25 20
30 - 25
) (Split unit )-1
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.
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.
20 15
18/1
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900
900
) (
)(
)(
19/1
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)../(
)
(
12000
18000
24000
36000
42000
48000
60000
1
1.5
2
3
3.5
4
5
).(.
).(.
1.5
1.540
1.6
1.930
2.670
2.670
4.20
3.745
4.50
3.5
5.00
4.5
7.00
6.25
1/50/220
1/50/220
1/50/220
1/50/220
3/50/380
3/50/380
3/50/380
)(2
12 10
18 15
25 20
30 - 25
40 35
50 40
60 - 50
:
.
)( )(Package units
.
)-1
.(16
)(
20/1
) : (
) (Water chillers
) (Reciprocating ) (Screw
) (Centrifugal )
Air
(handling units
) (Supply and return air fans )
( )
(
.
350 .
) (17-1 .
) (18-1 . ) (19-1
) Air
(handling units .
) (7-1
.
21/1
) : (
) 35( .
.
22/1
23/1
) : (
) :(17-1
) : (
) :(7-1
-
Public areas
Office
buildings
Private
offices
Malls
:
/ -
2
) /(
2
)/ (
2
/
) / (
--
10
1
2
2.5
10
19
2.5
10
10
21
32
97
162
10
10
10
22
18.5
7.5
12
9.5
4
7.5
11
11
43
32
32
97
33
31.5
33.5
14
9.5
21.5
86
--
--
9.5
56
56
1.5
--
6.5
19
19
1.2
--
54
11
7.5
162
--
108
43
32
21.5
--
-56
65
12.5
14
-35
37
7.5
9.5
-14
13
33
27.5
4.2
2.8
4.2
7
4.5
2.3
1.9
1.5
3.7
2.8
32
21.5
37.5
21.5
11
97
43
97
37.5
43
22
31.5
32.5
37
32
10
21
14
26
17
27.5
---14.5
77
---29.5
3.25
1.6
11
32
16.5
10
29
55
18.5
3.25
1.4
16
54
32
11
12.8
38.5
11
29
4.5
1.9
11
32
28
14
--
--
18
33
14.5
9.3
4.6
11
21.5
34
15
22
--
--
--
20
-----
26.5
22.3
18.5
35
30
10
3
5
19
28
7
-55
35
100
70
120
--
24
-37
---12
30
-40
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32
8
14
9
10
6
15
43
32
65
65
130
645
21
-18
15
37
30
46
--
10
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15
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42
37
22
22
18
9
26
17
20
18
22
18
27
41
15
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33
25
24
14.5
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14.5
28
38.5
16.5
16.5
16.5
4.5
21
18.5
17.5
18
18
4.5
--
--
4.5
14.5
4.5
16.5
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24
36.5
22
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22
38.5
33
16.5
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16.5
16.5
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25.5
68
55
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9
22
11
12.8
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14.5
14.5
11
36.5
22
36.5
20
24
11
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47.5
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20
33
13
9
24
22
46
) (20-1 .
24/1
) : (
850
380 50/ /
/ ) (Soft starters
3300 6600
750. . ).(19-1
) Cooling
(by Absorption 1000
) (Direct fire
) (Lithium bromide
.
.
) (20-1
.
.
) (21-1 330
40..
) :(18-1
25/1
) : (
) :(19-1 )(
850
55
) :(20-1
26/1
45
3-1
) : (
) :(21-1
)(
) (1 ) (
) 3.5
4.8 (
) 0.35 1.35 (
.
) (2 30 ) 10 (
)
( )
(
) 1.5. (.
) (Expansion tank
.
) (3
7.5. .
) .(Level switch
.
.
) (22-1
64
.
) (4
) (Expansion tank )Pressure-
.(stat ) (23-1
.
) Jokey
(pump
.
27/1
) : (
) (5
) (23-1.
46
64
3
2
24
45
28/1
) : (
) :(22-1
) (24-1
.
) (
) (
( 29
) /1
) (
) : (
2.98 6. .
2900/ 3/50 /380 40/3 5.
) (P ) (1-1 :
.Q H
0.746 KW
75
=P
)(1-1
:
Q
H
:
:
:
:
) /(
)(
) ( 80
3
= ) 1000/ (
) (
4 10
) (
) ( 2
) (8-1 ) (10
380 .
) :(8-1 ) (10
30/1
) : (
)/3(
18
21.6
22.4
).(
5.5
7.5
7.5
)(
)(1
40 / 10
22. . 2900/
.3 /50/380
)(2
)(3
)
( .
) (1
) (Jokey pump
) (Header
.
)(2
) (9-1 .
)(3
) (25-1 .
) :(9-1
) (10 3/50/380
1
2
3
4
5
)/(
1500
2900
31/1
).(
15
20
35
77
102
) : (
6
7
8
9
130
155
175
205
) :(25-1
)(
) (1
.
) (2 .
) (3 ) (26-1 ) (
) (Waste water
.
32/1
) : (
)(4
)(5
)(6
)(7
) (27-1
) (28-1 .
)(28-1
10. .
15. . 3/50/380
.
.
.
):(2-1
Q.H .
=P
] 0.746 [kW
75
)(1-2
:
Q
H
:
:
:
:
) /(
)(
3
= ) 1000 1200/ (
) ( 75
-1
-2
-3
-4
2
2
-5
-6
) (.
-7 .
-8
33/1
1
8
.Y
) : (
) :(26-1
)(
95
) (
35
) (
) :(27-1
34/1
) : (
)(
) (1
.
) (2
26.5 )
.
) (3
16 ) (.
)( ) (10-1
) (
)(
) (
100 70 50 30 1.2
. . 4.5..
35/1
) : (
) (10-1
) (
1
3 to 3
2 to 2
1 to 1
75 115 150 150 190 190 250 140 250 250 300
2.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
115 170 225 220 270 270 330 270 330 380 385
84
84
84
84
84
1
* :
2
84
84
68
68
55
)/(
)( ) (
22.
3/50 /380
.
36/1