NS Lourdes J Cruz CBMSF, Diliman

The Bataan Natural Park and Ancestral Domain of Aytas (Magbukn Tribe) in Morong, Bataan

BNP is one of 10 priority Protected Areas identified for Conservation (CPPAP)

Philippine Refugee Processing Center (PRPC)

1979 1994 - Displaced Aytas from their settlement in Sitio Lemon & - Caused destruction of forest in Aytas AD

Kanawan Negritos Reservation Area (KNRA, 227 ha )

BTPI, 365 ha Former site of PRPC (1979-1994)

Aytas tale of declining honey yield

Unats started gathering honey from BNP in 1989. They gather hives even from trees already marked by Aytas.
Up to about 1989-1990
Aytas were able to find ~10 hives/day in ~ 1 hectare of forest Beehives usually ~ 6 ft long, yielding ~60 L of

honey/hive
By 1992
~ 3 hives/day Hives ~4-6 ft long; 40-60 L honey/ hive

Today
only one hive & sometimes none found after

roaming 5 to 10 hectares in a day or two. Hives only ~2.5 ft long & contain only 48 L of honey.

Barangays affected:
Sabang, Binaritan, Mabayo & Nagbalayong

Animals That Used to abound in the Area:

Monkeys Deers Unggoy sa puno Unggoy sa lupa

Uyha & maniager

Baboyramo Makadyang ti nguho Maitlok ti nguho Birds Bayawak Wild cats Basakay Kilyawan, 3 types of eagles, etc Bayawak kahoy Bayawak ilog Musang, Lamiran Flying lizard

PES Problem: Biodiversity Conservation

Timak & Kanawan

Kanawan Reservation & adjoining areas have suffered from years of logging, kaingin & charcoal making. KNRA

Photos by UF Ferreras

Farms in KNRA

KEY CONCERNS OF AYTAS

EXTREME POVERTY ($0.47/person/day) Loss of livelihood from forest Very high unemployment rate SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD Honey gathering & processing Utilization of non-wood forest products Bioprospecting Ecotourism EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE
IEC on biodiversity &

VERY LOW EDUCATIONAL

STATUS
Only 4 out of ~300 Aytas are HS graduates

POOR HEALTH STATUS Only one MD in a population 24,000 5 out of 10 children examined have primary complex No nurse or health worker in schools

conservation Learning-Is-Fun sessions Sponsorship of students

IMPROVEMENT OF HEALTH

STATUS
Medical Missions Improvement of nutritional status

Paradigm for Natural Products Research

(2-Yr Exploratory USNIH Project, Mich State U , UPM &UPD) 2003-2004

Biodiversity & Biodiversity & Conservation Conservation

Scientific Scientific Development Development

Utilization of Bioresources
Community Community Development Development Development of Drug Drugs & Other Development Applications

 Information & education campaign on biodiversity

& conservation
Education on IP rights & Responsibilities IPR & benefit sharing from bioprospecting
Drugs from traditional medicine Drugs from plants from the AD

Assistance in preparing documents needed for

CADT application
Participatory definition of Socio-Cultural

Development Index for Kanawan Aytas

Bioprospecting (c/o Dr. Grace Yu) Limuran (Calamus ornatus), a species of rattan
Traditional food of Aytas & remedy for diarrhea
Bioactivites found: Anti-motility Anti-inflammatory Anti-cancer
O O

HO

Compounds isolated: Diosgenin Spirostanol Saponin 1 Spirostanol Saponin 2 Spirostanol Saponin 3- most promising compound
O O O HO OH O O HO HO O HO OH HO OH

HO

HO O O

HO OH

Product development commercialization profit sharing/royalties

Establishment of an Integrated Reforestation, Conservation & Sustainable Livelihood Program for the Kanawan Aytas at BNP
Empowerment of Aytas in project implementation & management

Y1 : KNRA 227 ha Y2: PACBM1 645 ha Y3: PACBM2 1,200 ha

Training in Biodiversity Inventory & Parataxonomy

Ulysses Ferreras, Field Biologist Bulbophyllum dearei, a new record for Luzon Is; Bulbophyllum catenulatum, new record for the Bataan Peninsula

Authors: UF Ferreras Field Botanist LL Co Senior Botanist JH Salonga Ayta Tribal Leader EL Salonga one of few remaining Aytas with a deep & intimate knowledge of the plants & animals of Bataan

The pictorial guide represents a small selection from the vast collection of pictures taken by UFF during many field surveys with Aytas to assess plant diversity of BNP.

Nursery of Forest Trees

Reforestation Site

Albizia procera

Albizia acle

Cassia javanica

Parkia timoriana.

FOREST ENRICHMENT & REFORESTATION

Dracontomelon dao Diospyros pilosanther Chisocheton sp

Dipterocarpus grandiflorus

Diospyros sp

Cassia javanica

Fruit Trees Planted in Former KainginSites inside or adjacent to KNRA

Training in Ecotourism & Financial Management

 Biodiversity conservation
Research Permits

Academic/ Research

institutions Pharmaceutical companies Bioprospecting Rights Anvaya Cove, etc. Supply of planting materials Food processors for reforestation Supply of NTFPs Ecotourists Landscape beauty Anvaya Cove clients Locators in Ayta AD within Ecotourism SBFZ (e.g. Ocean Adventure)Employment Future services to consider (Aytas, other communities & LGU)
Reduction of C emissions Watershed management

 Development assistance
Education - Scholarship/sponsorship Improvement of nutritional & health status Employment

Market-based mechanism
Payment for collection rights Payment for specimens Payment for fruits & other NTFP Payment for seedlings Royalties on sale of drug & other products

Payment to National Govt Agency

Fee for bioprospecting

Foreign entity - $3,000/BU + $1,000/collection site Filipino user with no foreign collaborators 10% of assessed amt Filipino students 3% of assessed fee; full amount to be paid once student enters into agreement with commercial partner.

 IPRA & Wild Life Act; UN Declaration of IP Rights MOA with buyers of environmental services Municipal ordinance Paradigm for bioprospecting Defines relationships

among researchers, industrial partners, LGU & communities

Acknowledgments
Donors: Amparo Barcelon, friends & relatives Volunteers: Grace Yu, YC Ronquillo & UPCM students/residents Leonard Co of CI Sonia Jacinto & UPIB faculty & students UPMSI & CWTS students Pahinungod Volunteers, etc Mich State U UP Biodiversity Project MA Kron, YC Ronquillo, M Nair, LJ Cruz, GB Yu, GP Concepcion PTFCF Project Team LJ Cruz, Proj Director BB Motin, Social Scientist/HG Antonio, ES UF Ferreras, Field Biologist R del Rosario, Community Coordinator Ayta Elders, Tribal Council & Community Members

Bisay Falls, BNP