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Annotated Bibliography Nhien Le Miss Bright Engl 1102 18 October 2012 Benward, Bruce. Music in Theory and Practice: Workbook. Dubuque, Iowa: W.C. Brown, 1985. Print. Bruce Benward is one of the most well respected music theory scholars in the world. The way he wrote about his knowledge of music theory is phenomenal in his textbook; he presents the complex subject that is music theory to the reader in a simple fashion. However, I went over the workbook which accompanies his textbook on music theory; the exercises and reinforcement of the material gone over in the textbook gives you pratical training on a topic that is abstract. There are also tips to help the reader understand things like harmonic progressions, chord progressions, scales, tonal harmonies, etc. This source is useful for my own personal knowledge but not as much so for my paper; it gives me a practical application for a very abstract subject which shall further my comprehension and allow me to hopefully clarify the components of music theory. Copland, Aaron. What to Listen for in Music. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1957. 9-127. Print. This book is probably the most in depth about music theory and the major components that are part of it out of all of my sources. In each chapter Aaron Copland explains a

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particular major component of music and how it is used in songs; his examples are mostly of classical and jazz composers and how they use the particular element he is discussing. The four essential elements of music according to the author are rhythm, melody, harmony and tone color. When Copland does go underneath the avalanche and attempts to explain to the reader what they should listen for in rhythm, melody, harmony, tone color, etc, he befuddles the average reader and uses a lot of jargon that average musicians and non-musicians would struggle with. Aside from all of that it is a well written book and will help immensely with my paper in explaining music theory to my audience when I articulate the topic in a more colloquial manner. Frampton, Dia. Interview by Bryan Stars. Meg & Dia Frampton Interview Warped Tour 2009 Youtube. 26 Aug. 2009. Web. 10 Oct. 2012 Dia Frampton is one of my favorite singers and has been signed to multiple record labels; she is part of Meg & Dia but has since branched off to a solo career. She is an esteemed singer and a reliable source. The interview was conducted when she was still part of Meg & Dia and discussed her involvement with music and her band. The conversation was eye opening; Dia spoke about her aspirations, triumphs and realizations. An example, in the beginning of her career she wanted to be famous but currently desires to touch peoples hearts. The life of a musician is an arduous one, it requires a great deal of sacrifice and to hear her perspective pertaining to it helps me to analyze what goes on in a musicians music and their lives. It will help me articulate to an audience how that impacts a certain musicians music. While it is intriguing information to me, it is only one artists viewpoint of the music industry and their experiences. Overall this source will be a miniscule part of my research paper and is more for my personal research purposes.

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Frederick, Robin. "Notes On Songwriting." How to Write a Song. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.robinfrederick.com/write.html>. There are many parts of music in a song; it is not just limited to vocal melodies and instruments. The website article focuses on the basics of writing the lyrics of a song, but unlike other articles this one goes in depth with techniques to use such as imagery and learning from hit songs. There are also examples to help you immediately start writing a song. I have matured as a songwriter and have used this website for my personal development in penning lyrics for songs of my own. Some of the techniques that I have read from Robin Fredericks advice have been incorporated into my own process of writing songs. As a musician and songwriter I constantly look for new ways to improve myself, this website helped improve myself and sped up my progress as a lyricist. Frederick is a respected person in the music industry. She is the Director of A&R at Rhino Records so the information she chooses to share is not only reliable but valuable. I do not know how valuable this source is to my paper as I have not narrowed down specifically the topics I will write about, but it will help me explain song writing to my audience if I choose to do so. Juslin, Patrik N, and John A. Sloboda. Music and Emotion: Theory and Research. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print. Why do people listen to music, or proclaim that it spawns sentiment? This book encompasses the psychology and philosophy of why music makes such an impression on us. Cases in point, films, television, commercials, etc. all exploit music to stir about emotion in us. If the desired emotion is excitement the sound is rapid and grandiose, and

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if it is sad it will be melodramatic and deliberate. We have been conditioned to feel a certain way when we hear music, genres and descriptions such as ballads, sad songs, up tempo songs, etc. are perfect demonstrations of this conditioning. Perusing this information has made me more knowledgeable about how to use music tastefully in order to spring emotion in my audience. The authors information made an impact on me that made me believe in the information presented to me. The credibility of this source is legitimate as it is from Oxford University Press. This book can be a big contribution to my paper; I most certainly shall use it to describe how music can impact people. Lena, Jennifer C. Banding Together: How Communities Create Genres in Popular Music. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2012. Print. The world is an enormous place; there are many cultures and habits within countries that help shape their ideals. This applies to music as well; if music were all the same then it would not be as popular as it is. Jennifer Lena discusses popular music and the social aspect of it; for example for African-American culture and music is based heavily in Rap, R&B, Jazz, Soul, Funk, etc. It is a popular form of music in the community, but why? Has their community accustomed them towards that particular type of music? The book brought up similar thoughts in regards to other cultures and assisted me in understanding more of what a genre is and how it is defined. Genres are important in music and help people describe what they are listening to. Overall this source has been helpful and will aid my research with enlightening my audience as to how to describe music to others. It is also very credible having been printed recently as well as being associated with Princeton University Press.

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Ogden, James R., Denise T. Ogden, and Karl Long. "Music Marketing: A History and Landscape." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 18.2 (2011): 120-25. Print. Music marketing is how songs are marketed or presented to audiences. This scholarly article Music Marketing: A History and Landscape written by James R. Ogden, Denise T. Ogden and Karl Long goes into the history and reasoning of music popularity. One of the main points this article makes is how music is reliant on technology to expand. If not for music marketing and its growth, then music would not have become one of the forefronts of massive media culture. The applications of music marketing are imperative to a musician and his music; it is not just about the art, it is also about how you are presented and viewed by your audience. I find this source useful for my paper to articulate the importance of how marketing is used in music. The article was recently penned in 2011 and makes many good points, so I can feel secure in trusting the information in it.