Text Types

1. The definition of text The words that put together to communicate a meaning, a piece of text is created 2. The text types a. Narrative b. Explanation c. Report d. Recount e. Descriptive f. Procedure A. Narrative 1. Definition of Narrative A narrative is a text that tells story and, in doing so, entertains the audience. The purpose of narrative, other than providing entertainment, can be to make the audience think about an issue, teach them a lesson, or excite their emotion. The example of narrative such as: i. Myths ii. Fairytales iii. Novels 2. Generic Structure of Narrative In developing narrative, must follow these steps: i. An orientation: it is all about who is in the story, when the story happens, ad where the story takes place. ii. A complication: the sets of chain of events. iii. Sequence of events: the character reaction toward complication iv. Resolution: character solve problem happens in complication v. Coda: comments or moral based on what has been learned from story 3. Grammatical features i. Nouns that identify the specific characters and place ii. Adjective that provide accurate description of character and settings iii. Verbs that shows action iv. The words that connect events B. Explanation 1. Definition of Explanation A text tells how or why something occurs. The purpose is to tell each step of the process (the how) and give reason (the why) for it. The examples are as follows: i. How something occurs ii. Why something happened iii. Why things are alike or different iv. How to solve a problem 2. Generic Structure of Explanation A written explanation usually involves three steps. First, there is a general statement about the event or thing. Next, follows a series of paragraphs that tell the how and why, the final step is concluding paragraph.

3. Grammatical Feature of Explanation i. Technical language ii. Words that show cause and effect iii. Use of the timeless present tense C. Report 1. Definition of Report A report is a piece of text that presents information about a subject. Its purpose is to classify and/ or describe using facts about the subjects parts, behavior and qualities. The examples of reports are: i. Lectures ii. References article iii. Research assignment iv. Chapters in textbooks 2. Generic Structure of Report A typical information report has opening statement introducing the subject followed by a series of paragraphs about the subjects. Each new paragraph describes one feature of the subject. A report can also include a conclusion that summarizes the information presented and signals the end of report. 3. Grammatical Feature of Report i. Technical language related to subject ii. Technical use of timeless present tense iii. Technical use of general nouns rather than proper nouns iv. Technical linking verbs to describe behaviors or qualities D. Recount 1. Definition of Recount Recount is a text that retells past events, usually in the orders they occurred. Its purpose is to provide the audiences with description of they occurred. The examples are: i. Eyewitness account ii. Newspaper reports iii. letters 2. Generic Structure of Recounts It has three sections. First, it is a background information about orientation, who, what, where, when. Next, it is a retell paragraphs in the orders of they occurred. Some has conclusion, some has not. 3. Grammatical Feature of Recounts i. Proper nouns to identify those involved in text ii. Descriptive words to give details about what, who, where, when, how. iii. The use of past tense to retell the events iv. Words that show the order of events E. Descriptive 1. Definition of Descriptive

Descriptive describes a particular persons, place or thing. Its purpose is to describe about an object by describing features without personal opinions. The examples are: i. Descriptions about room ii. Description about animal iii. Description about person 2. Generic Structures of Descriptive It has opening paragraphs introducing the object and followed a series of paragraphs that describes their features. Then, it can also have a concluding paragraph. 3. Grammatical Features of Descriptive i. Verbs in present tense ii. Adjective to describe features iii. Topic sentence to begin paragraph and organize the various aspects of description F. Procedure 1. Definition of Procedures It is a text that tells the reader how to do something. The purpose is to provide instructions for making something, doing something or going somewhere. The examples are: i. Recipes ii. Manuals iii. Directions 2. Generic Structure of Procedure It has also three sections. There is introductory statement or title that gives aim or goal of the procedure, followed by a list of materials that needed to complete the procedure. Final section is a sequence of steps in the order they need to complete. Some procedures have other stages such as explaining why each step is necessary. 3. Grammatical Features of Procedures i. Sentence that begins with verbs ii. Time words or numbers that shows the order of carrying out the procedures iii. Adverbs that describe how the actions should be performed iv. Precise terms and technical language.