FRL = 561.936 (median edge) 0.

0.35

Cl bridge

1
4.012 0.3 0.4

15+16 2
varies 0.775 cap top lvl 0.3 0.45 0.35 558.900

FILL

7
FILL

12
17.936

13
16.786

14 4

OGL 547.268

0.85

1.8

0.85

6
0.3 4.662 0.3 4.7 0.85 2.3

5
Founding level

544.000

12.419 1 0.85 87 2.968 4.172 4.518

10.2

10

8
11.225 2.968

0.3 4.553

9
2.984

0.3

4.889 4.934

2.3 13.412

80 0.85 4.662 5.129

0.85 0.863

11.379

11
11.507 1

2.335

13.959

JAMMU-UDHAMPUR V-6 (A1L + A2L) Formation level (median edge) = carriageway width = gradient= formation level(outer end) = wearing coat = height of superstructure = height of pedestal = height of bearing = foundation level = maximum height of abutment = minimum height of abutment = abutment cap level = Stem Thickness (top)= Stem Thickness (bottom) = maximum height of dirtwall = minimum height of dirtwall = DL + SIDL from superstructure = LL from superstructure = Allowable soil bearing capacity = 561.936 11.15 m 7% 561.156 0.749 56 mm 1.925 m 150 mm 125 mm 544.000 17.936 m 0.780 m 17.156 m 558.900 0.450 m 0.850 m 3.036 m 2.256 m 170 t 80 t 45 t/m2 (normal case)

Avg height Avg length counterfort 1 16.283 m 9.415 m counterfort 2 16.507 m 9.728 m side wall 1 16.006 m 9.794 m side wall 2 16.786 m 9.817 m Avg height is calculated taking the average of maximum and minimum height of abutment at median and outer edge respectively and then doing the necessary deduction. Average length is the length that average height would go, to result area equivalent to the actual geometry.

abutment cap maximum dimension = abutment cap minimum dimension = active earth coefficient for normal case = active earth coefficient for seismic case = unit weight of concrete (substructure) = unit weight of soil = braking force = maximum centrifugal force(normal) = maximum centrifugal force(seismic) = transverse moment (normal) = transverse moment (seismic) = coefficient of friction = Allowable soil bearing capacity(seismic)=

2.781 m 1.474 m 0.279 0.368 2.40 t/m3 1.80 t/m3 10 t 18 t 9t 344 t-m 172 t-m 0.5 56.25 t/m2 (= 1.25 X 45)

STABILITY CALCULATIONS
face of dirtwall

0.574

1
0.441

face of stem wall

0.754

0.35

1.881

VERTICAL FORCES weight calculations 9.276 x 11.225 x 0.3 x 2.4 = 0.5 x (2.256 + 3.036) x 11.225 x 0.35 x 2.4 = 0.5 x (2.781+1.474) x 11.225 x 0.6 x 2.4 = 0.5 x (0.85 + 0.45) x 17.636 x 11.379 x 2.4 = 0.5 x (1.8+0.853) x 13.412 x 2.3 x2.4 = 0.5 x (9.337 + 10.644) x 11.225 x 0.85 x 2.4 = 0.3 x 8.925 x 16.396 x 2.4 = 0.3 x 16.283 x 9.415 x 2.4 = 0.3 x 16.507 x 9.728 x 2.4 = 0.85 x 16.006 x 9.794 x 2.4 = 0.85 x 16.786 x 9.817 x 2.4 = 0.3 x 11.225 x 16.396 x 2.4 = 41.585 x 16.396 x 1.8 = 4.9595 x 8.92 x 16.786 x 1.8 = 170 = 80 = W (t) 74.969 29.754 34.389 313.061 98.095 228.772 105.3607 110.379 115.618 319.796 336.168 132.512 1227.29 1094.909 170 80 Lever arm from end wall 4.638 9.451 10.373 10.519 12.792 5.002 5.112 5.008 5.164 5.197 5.209 0.150 2.631 7.742 10.519 10.519

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

wt of slab dirt wall abut cap stem toe heel slab partition wall counterfort-1 counterfort-2 side wall-1 side wall-2 end wall earth fill -1 earth fill-2 DL + SIDL LL

For calculating moments about toe for stability and for calculating area and section modulus's of the foundation plan, considering the trapezoid to be an equivalent rectangle for simplicity.

11.225
13.225

toe side

13.189

longitudinal section modulus = Area = transverse section modulus = W (t) 74.969 29.754 34.389 313.061 98.095 228.772 105.3607 110.379 115.618 319.796 336.168 132.512 1227.29 1094.909 170 80 4471.073 Lever arm from Toe side 8.551 3.738 2.816 2.67 0.397 8.187 8.077 8.181 8.025 7.992 7.980 13.039 10.558 5.447 2.67 2.67

383.41 m3 174.42 m2 384.46 m3 Moment (t-m) 641.060 111.220 96.839 835.873 38.944 1872.956 850.998 903.011 927.834 2555.810 2682.621 1727.824 12957.728 5963.969 453.900 213.600 32834.188

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

wt of slab dirt wall abut cap stem toe heel slab partition wall counterfort-1 counterfort-2 side wall-1 side wall-2 end wall earth fill -1 earth fill-2 DL + SIDL LL =

HORIZONTAL FORCES (without using earth pressure coefficient)

Force calculations 1 earth pressure 2 surcharge 3 braking force 0.5*1.8*307.853*11.225 = 1.2*1.8*18.746*11.225 = 10

Force F(t) Normal ( Fx0.279) 3110.085 867.714 454.516 126.81 10 10

Seismic Lever arm (Fx0.368) from base 1144.511 7.369 167.2619 9.373 10 18.746

NORMAL CASE 1. WITHOUT SUPERSTRUCTURE Total vertical force = Total resisiting moment = cg of forces from toe= eccentricity from cg of base = Total horizontal force= overturning moment= Fos against Sliding = Fos against Overturning = Max Stress = Min Stress = 32.68 t/m2 15.72 t/m2 < < 4221.07 t 32166.69 t-m 7.62 m 1.03 m 994.52 t 7582.77 t-m 2.12 4.24 > > 45t/m2 45t/m2 ok ok 1.5 2 ok ok < 2.2 (B/6) ok

2. WITH SUPERSTRUCTURE Total vertical Force = Resisting Moment = cg of forces from toe = ecentricity from cg of base = Total horizontal force = overturning moment = Fos against Sliding = Fos against overturning = Transverse Moment = Max Stress = Min Stress = 38.06 t/m2 13.21 t/m2 4471.07 t 32834.19 t-m 7.34 m 0.75 m 1004.52 t 7770.23 t-m 2.23 4.23 344.45 t-m < < 45t/m2 45t/m2 ok ok > > 1.5 2 ok ok < 2.2 (B/6) ok

SEISMIC CASE 1. WITHOUT SUPERSTRUCTURE Total vertical force = resisting moment = cg of forces from toe= eccentricity from cg of base = Total Horizontal force = overturning moment = Fos against Sliding = Fos against overturning = Max Stress = Min Stress = 39.44 t/m2 8.96 t/m2 < < 4221.07 t 32166.69 t-m 7.62 m 1.03 m 1311.77 t 10001.65 t-m 1.61 3.22 > > 56t/m2 56t/m2 ok ok 1.25 1.5 ok ok < 2.2 (B/6) ok

2. WITH SUPERSTRUCTURE Total vertical force = resisting moment = cg of forces from toe = eccentricity from cg of base = Total horizontal force = overturning moment = Fos against sliding = Fos against overturning= Transverse Moment = 4471.07 t 32834.19 t-m 7.34 m 0.75 m 1321.77 t 10189.11 t-m 1.69 3.22 172.22 t-m > > 1.25 1.5 ok ok < 2.2 (B/6) ok

Max stress = Min Stress =

43.92 t/m2 7.35 t/m2

< <

56t/m2 56t/m2

ok ok

Pressure diagram (Normal) : For abutment + superstructure heel portion

0.3 4.662 0.3 4.7 0.85 2.3

(2)
13.21 t/m2 13.77 t/m2 22.56 t/m2 23.12 t/m2

(1)
31.98 t/m2

stem
33.58 t/m2

toe

gross pressure diagram

13.189

38.06 t/m2

overburden pressure for toe : overburden pressure for heel: overburden pressure for heel:

6.68 t/m2 32.25 t/m2 (region 1) 31.55 t/m2 (region 2)

Net Pressure consideration for Toe

2.3

26.90 t/m2

31.38 t/m2

Net Pressure consideration for heel(region 1)

4.7 9.13 t/m2 0.28 t/m2

Net Pressure consideration for heel (region 2)

17.78 t/m2 4.662

9.00 t/m2

Pressure diagram (Seismic) : For abutment + superstructure heel portion

0.3 4.662 0.3 4.7 0.85 2.3

(2)
7.35 t/m2 8.18 t/m2 21.11 t/m2 21.94 t/m2

(1)
34.97 t/m2

stem
37.33 t/m2

toe

gross pressure diagram

13.189

43.92 t/m2

overburden pressure for toe : overburden pressure for heel: overburden pressure for heel:

6.68 t/m2 32.25 t/m2 (region 1) 31.55 t/m2 (region 2)

Net Pressure consideration for Toe

2.3

30.65 t/m2

37.24 t/m2

Net Pressure consideration for heel(region 1)

4.7 -10.32 t/m2 2.72 t/m2

Net Pressure consideration for heel (region 2)

23.37 t/m2 4.662

10.45 t/m2

DESIGN OF TOE(NORMAL CASE) 2.3 26.90 t/m2 31.38 t/m2

1.713 m
Grade of conc. Grade of steel Dia of bar used Q for concrete grade used

30.2 t/m2
35 500 25 170 t/m2 0.327 0.891 24000 t/m2 1167 t/m2

k value for concrete

j value for concrete Permissible stress in steel Permissible stress in concrete Cover in foundation =

75

Maximum moment at the face of stem =

effective depth required = effective depth available = Main Ast required = Provide 25 @ 200 c/c

79.05 t-m 0.682 m 1.713 m 2158.91 mm2 (at bottom) 2454.37 mm2 613.59 mm2 (at bottom) 753.98 mm2 250 mm2/m 251.33 mm2

Distribution steel = 0.25% X 2,454.369 = Provide 12 @ 150 c/c = Nominal reinforcement = Provide 8 @ 200 c/c

Check for shear : shear force at distance d from face of stem= bending moment at d = effective depth available at d= relief in shear force = (M*tan(beta)/d) = design shear force= shear stress = 0.85 % steel provided = c =

18.11 t 5.35 t-m 1.005 m 2.42 t 18.11 - 2.42 = 15.69 t 15.61 t/m2 0.16 N/mm2 (v) 0.24 0.24 N/mm2 Hence OK

24.4

1.8

d 2.3

>

0.16 N/mm2

DESIGN OF TOE(SEISMIC CASE) 2.3 30.65 t/m2 37.24 t/m2

1.713 m
Grade of conc. Grade of steel Dia of bar used Q for concrete grade used

35.6 t/m2
35 500 25 170 t/m2 0.327 0.891 24000 t/m2 1167 t/m2

k value for concrete

j value for concrete Permissible stress in steel Permissible stress in concrete Cover in foundation = Seismic relief factor =

75 1.5 92.69 t-m 0.738 m 1.713 m 1687.59 mm2 (at bottom) 1963.50 mm2 490.87 mm2 (at bottom) 514.08 mm2 250 mm2/m 251.33 mm2

Maximum moment at the face of stem =

effective depth required = effective depth available = Main Ast required = Provide 25 @ 250 c/c

Distribution steel = 0.25% X 1,963.495 = Provide 12 @ 220 c/c = Nominal reinforcement = Provide 8 @ 200 c/c

Check for shear : shear force at distance d from face of stem= bending moment at d = effective depth available at d= relief in shear force = (M*tan(beta)/d) = design shear force= shear stress = 0.85 % steel provided = c =

21.39 t 6.33 t-m 1.005 m 2.86 t 21.39 - 2.86 = 18.53 t 18.44 t/m2 0.19 N/mm2 (v) 0.20 0.22 N/mm2 Hence OK

24.4

1.8

d 2.3

>

0.19 N/mm2

HEEL DESIGN (NORMAL CASE) (A) box compartments

4.962 m 5.275 m

S4

S2
3.550 m

S3

S1

3.275 m

S4
3.550 m

heel region (2)

heel region (1)

conc grade= steel grade= max bar dia= Q value= k value= j value=
Fst=

35
500

25 mm
0 t/m2 1.000 0.891 24000 t/m2 1167 t/m2

Fc= cover=

75 mm

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S1 : One short edge discontinuous 5.275 m 3.275 m 1.61 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 102.344 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 m 0.738 m

5.275 m 9.13 t/m2 0.28 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress Wu : lx : M: 10.00 t/m2 3.275 m * Wu * lx^2 x+ M 0.046 4.934 x-

9.13 t/m2

y+ 0.061 6.543 0.028 3.003

y0.037 3.968 6.54 t-m/m

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 401.26 mm2 Provide 16 mm @ 200 c/c
1005.31 mm2

0.132 %

For shear force check Vu = v =

7.38 t/m
0.10 N/mm2

<

c =

0.18 N/mm2

HENCE safe in shear

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S2 : Two adjacent edges discontinuous 5.275 m 3.550 m 1.49 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 110.938 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 mm 0.738 mm

5.275 m 9.13 t/m2 0.28 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress Wu : lx : x+ M 0.056 7.057 10.00 t/m2 3.550 m x-

9.13 t/m2

M: y+ 0.075 9.452 0.035 4.411

* Wu * lx^2 y0.047 5.923 9.452 t-m/m

1005.31 mm2

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 579.68 mm2 Provide 16 mm @ 200 c/c

0.132 %

For shear force check Vu = v =

8.75 t/m
0.12 N/mm2

<

c =

0.18 N/mm2

HENCE safe in shear

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S3 : One short edge discontinuous 4.962 m 3.275 m 1.52 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 102.344 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 m 0.738 m

17.78 t/m2 4.962 m

9.00 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress Wu : lx : M: 18.00 t/m2 3.275 m * Wu * lx^2 x+ M 0.044 8.495 x-

17.78 t/m2

y+ 0.057 11.004 0.028 5.406

y0.037 7.143
11.004 t-m/m

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 674.90 mm2 Provide 20 mm @ 200 c/c
1570.80 mm2

0.21 %

For shear force check Vu = v =

13.28 t/m
0.18 N/mm2

<

c =

0.22 N/mm2

HENCE safe in shear

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S4 : Two adjacent edges discontinuous 4.962 m 3.550 m 1.40 < 2 26 cover= max bar dia=
Fst= j=

(two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 136.538 mm 0.763 m 0.763 mm 0.738 mm

75 mm 25 mm
24000 t/m2 0.891

17.78 t/m2 4.962 m

9.00 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress Wu : lx : x+ M 0.053 12.023 18.00 t/m2 3.550 m x-

17.78 t/m2

M: y+ 0.071 16.106 0.035 7.940

* Wu * lx^2 y0.047 10.662

16.106 t-m/m 1570.80 mm2

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 987.78 mm2 Provide 20 mm @ 200 c/c

0.21 %

For shear force check Vu = v =

15.75 t/m
0.21 N/mm2

<

c =

0.22 N/mm2

HENCE safe in shear

HEEL DESIGN (NORMAL CASE) (A) box compartments

4.962 m 5.275 m

S4

S2
3.550 m

S3

S1

3.275 m

S4
3.550 m

heel region (2)

heel region (1)

conc grade= steel grade= max bar dia= Q value= k value= j value=
Fst=

35
500

25 mm
0 t/m2 1.000 0.891 24000 t/m2 1167 t/m2

Fc= cover= seismic factor=

75 mm 1.5

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S1 : One short edge discontinuous 5.275 m 3.275 m 1.61 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 102.344 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 m 0.738 m

5.275 m -10.32 t/m2 2.72 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress

2.72 t/m2

Wu : lx : M:

4.50 t/m2 3.275 m * Wu * lx^2 x+ x0.046 2.220 0.061 2.944 y+ 0.028 1.351 y0.037 1.786 2.944 t-m/m

Providing the steel in both directions for maximum moment = Steel required = 120.38 mm2
Provide

16 mm

@ 250 c/c

804.25 mm2

0.11 %

For shear force check Vu = v = HENCE safe in shear

3.32 t/m
0.04 N/mm2

<

c =

0.29 N/mm2

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S2 : Two adjacent edges discontinuous 5.275 m 3.550 m 1.49 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx =

avail dx =

110.938 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 mm 0.738 mm

dx : dy :

5.275 m -10.32 t/m2 2.72 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress

2.72 t/m2

Wu : lx : x+ M

4.50 t/m2 3.550 m x0.056 3.176 0.075 4.253

M: y+ 0.035 1.985

* Wu * lx^2 y0.047 2.665

4.253 t-m/m 804.25 mm2

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 173.90 mm2 Provide 16 mm @ 250 c/c

0.11 %

For shear force check Vu = v = HENCE safe in shear

3.94 t/m
0.05 N/mm2

<

c =

0.29 N/mm2

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S3 : One short edge discontinuous 4.962 m 3.275 m 1.52 < 32 2 (two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 102.344 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 m 0.738 m

23.37 t/m2 4.962 m

10.45 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress

23.37 t/m2

Wu : lx : M:

36.00 t/m2 3.275 m * Wu * lx^2 x+ x0.044 16.989 0.057 22.009 y+ 0.028 10.811 y0.037 14.287
22.009 t-m/m

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 899.87 mm2 Provide 25 mm @ 250 c/c
1963.50 mm2

0.26 %

For shear force check Vu = v = HENCE safe in shear

26.55 t/m
0.35 N/mm2

<

c =

0.39 N/mm2

ly = lx = ly/lx =

S4 : Two adjacent edges discontinuous 4.962 m 3.550 m 1.40 < 2 26 cover= max bar dia=
Fst= j=

(two way slab)

for continuous slabs l/d: dx = avail dx = dx : dy : 136.538 mm 0.763 mm 0.763 mm 0.738 mm

75 mm 25 mm
24000 t/m2 0.891

17.78 t/m2 4.962 m

9.00 t/m2

Taking the maximum stress Wu : lx : x+ M 0.053 18.034 27.00 t/m2 3.550 m x-

17.78 t/m2

M: y+ 0.071 24.159 0.035 11.909

* Wu * lx^2 y0.047 15.993

24.159 t-m/m 1963.50 mm2

Providing the steel in both dirctions for maximum moment = Steel required = 987.78 mm2 Provide 25 mm @ 250 c/c

0.26 %

For shear force check Vu = v = HENCE safe in shear

23.63 t/m
0.32 N/mm2

<

c =

0.38 N/mm2

The side walls along with the stem wall is designed as a continuous seven span.

4.962 m

5.275 m

3.550 m E

3.275 m

3.550 m

X A
4.962 m

B
5.275 m

C
3.550 m

D
3.275 m

E
3.550 m

F
5.275 m

G
4.962 m

Considering a 1.0 t/m2 loading throughout this continuous span Moments Calculation by Moment Distribution Method : A B C D member AB BA BC CB CD DC DX DF 0.000 0.450 0.550 0.400 0.600 0.650 0.350 FEM 2.052 -2.052 2.319 -2.319 1.050 -1.050 0.894 Modified 0.000 -3.078 2.319 -2.319 1.050 -1.050 0.894 FEM Balance 0.000 0.342 0.417 0.508 0.761 0.101 0.055 CO 0.000 0.000 0.254 0.209 0.051 0.381 0.000 Balance 0.000 -0.114 -0.140 -0.104 -0.155 -0.247 -0.133 CO 0.000 0.000 -0.052 -0.070 -0.124 -0.078 0.000 Balance 0.000 0.023 0.029 -0.449 0.203 -0.081 0.069 CO 0.000 0.000 -0.225 0.015 -0.041 0.102 0.000 Balance 0.000 0.101 0.123 0.010 0.016 -0.066 -0.036 CO 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.062 -0.033 0.008 0.000

X XD 1.000 0.447 0.447 0.000 0.028 0.000 -0.067 0.000 0.035 0.000 -0.018 0.425

0.000

-2.726

2.731

-2.140

1.729

-0.931

0.849

Shear Force Calculation : Maximum Shear occurs at point B B Due to Load : Due to Moments :

2.481 0.549 3.03

2.6375 0.112 2.7495

STEEL REQUIREMENT BY MOMENT Maximum Moment that can occur due to unit load= 3.0 t-m/m

Inside the box compartments, the earth is confined and hence pressure acting is static, so "active earth pressure at rest" will act. for given soil, angle of repose = earth pressure coefficient = unit density of soil = Maximum height of soil inside box= 30 0.279 1.80 t/m3 16.786 m
8.43 t/m2 25.3 t-m/m

Therefor maximum horizontal pressure on wall = Maximum Moment that can occur = effective wall thickness required = using maximum bar dia = & clear cover = Overall depth required = Hence provide overall thickness = For soil fill inside the box S. No. Depth (m) Pressure (t/m2) 8.43 6.53 5.02 3.26 1.51 0.386 m 25 mm 75 mm 0.473 m 0.850 m

effective =87.5mm

take 90 mm

STEEL REQUIREMENT(mm2) Moment Provide D d reqd (m) (t-m/m) (m) Provide Reqd(mm2) 25 20 15 10 5 0.298 0.252 0.210 0.152 0.076 0.800 0.760 0.660 0.560 0.450 1665.81 1367.11 1236.12 974.43 587.16 20 1745.33 20 1745.33 16 1340.41 16 1005.31 16 1005.31 180 0.22 % 180 0.23 % 150 0.20 % 200 0.18 % 200 0.22 %

1 2 3 4 5

16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000

Therefore wall overall thickness can vary from

0.80 m at bottom to 0.45 m at top

STEEL REQUIREMENT BY SHEAR Maximum Shear that can occur due to unit load= 3.03 t/m

Inside the box compartments, the earth is confined and hence pressure acting is static, so "active earth pressure at rest" will act. for given soil, angle of repose = earth pressure coefficient = unit density of soil = support thickness = For soil fill inside the box S. No. Depth (m) Pressure (t/m2) Vcr (t/m) 30 0.279 1.80 t/m3 0.30 m d provided v c (N/mm2) (m) (N/mm2)

1 2 3 4 5

16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000

8.43 6.53 5.02 3.26 1.51

18 14 10 7 3

0.800 0.760 0.660 0.560 0.450

0.219 0.179 0.158 0.121 0.070

0.221 0.224 0.215 0.227 0.246

At every section v < c , hence nominal shear shear reinforcement will do Provide 2 legged shear stirrup : bar dia : 10 Asv = 78.5 mm2 spacing: @ 200 c/c

Design of Partition wall

This member is designed as a tension member with tensile force equal to the maximum reaction acting at the juncture of partition wall and the side walls

Maximum reaction force = per 1.00 t/m2 load = Permissible stress in steel

3.030 t/m

+ 5.780 t/m

2.750 t/m

24000 t/m2

S. No.

Depth (m)

Pressure (t/m2)

Tension T(t/m)

Reqd Ast On each face (mm2/m) (mm2/m)

Ast provided bar dia (mm) 12 12 12 12 12 Spacing (mm) 90 90 150 150 150 3 mm2 1256.637 1256.637 753.9822 753.9822 753.9822

1 16.786 2 13.000 3 10.000 4 5 6.500 3.000

8.43 6.53 5.02 3.26 1.51

48.72 37.73 29.02 18.87 8.71

2030.03 1572.17 1209.36 786.08 362.81

1015.02 786.08 604.68 393.04 181.40

Design of END wall

In the end wall there is earth pressure acting from both sides hence net pressure is effectively zero. Thus minimum reinforcement would suffice.

thickness of end wall = Minimumreinforcement provided = = Provide 12

0.300 m 0.2% X bd 600.00 mm2 150 753.98 mm2

Design Of COUNTERFORT WALLS

INNER COUNTERFORTS (T-BEAMS) influence zone for the counterfort walls= 3.413 m

(this is the width from which each counterfort receives the eatrh pressure) unit weight of soil = earth pressure coeffiecnt = surcharge height = maximum soil height = 1.80 t/m3 0.279 1.20 m 16.786 m Fst = j= 24000 t/m2
0.891

pressure due to soil at specified depth = pressure due to surcharge at specified depth = pressure diagram will be somewhat like this

0.502 X H (t/m2) (varying) 0.603 t/m2 (constant)

0.603 t/m2

2.06 t/m2

X 3.4125 = 16.786 m

9.033 t/m2

30.83 t/m2

D= d= b=

9.662 m 9.596 m 0.300 m Pressure at this depth (t/m2) 30.83 24.34 19.20 13.20 7.20 Moment (t-m/m) 1641 1337 1095 813 532

max bar dia = clear cover =

32 50 mm

S. No.

Depth (m)

Reqd (mm2) 7999.044 6513.915 5337.109 3964.169 2591.229

STEEL REQUIREMENT(mm2) Provide nos 32 32 32 32 32 9.00 7.00 6.00 4.00 3.00

1 2 3 4 5

16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000

Two layers of 32 from the base to height of

6.786 m and lap with 25 therafter

extending to top Depth (m) 16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000 Pressure at this depth (t/m2) 30.83 t/m2 24.34 t/m2 19.20 t/m2 13.20 t/m2 7.20 t/m2 c (N/mm2) 0.24 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.22 = Vs = (v-c)bd (t) 68.93 16.71 0 0 0 100.531 mm2

Vu (t)

v (N/mm2)

138.02 85.80 53.15 24.80 6.95

0.48 0.30 0.18 0.09 0.02 8

Provide 2 legged stirrup Spacing = 335.87868 mm

Provide 8 2 legged stirrup at a spacing of 200 c/c (horizontal ties) To secure connection between counterfort and heel slab, counterfort needs to be designed for tension arising out of the net outward pressure of heel slab. Average downward pressure = 16.91 t/m2 704.59 mm2/m

Total area of reinforcement required to resist this tension = Provide 2 legged 8 = spacing = 100.53 mm2 = 142.679

100.53 x 1000 / 704.59

Provide 8 2 legged stirrup at a spacing of 120 c/c (vertical ties)

OUTER COUNTERFORTS (L BEAMS) influence zone for the counterfort walls=

1.775 m

(this is the width from which each counterfort receives the eatrh pressure) unit weight of soil = earth pressure coeffiecnt = surcharge height = maximum soil height = 1.80 t/m3 0.279 1.20 m 16.786 m Fst = j= 24000 t/m2
0.891

pressure due to soil at specified depth = pressure due to surcharge at specified depth = pressure diagram will be somewhat like this

0.502 X H (t/m2) (varying) 0.603 t/m2 (constant)

0.603 t/m2

1.07 t/m2

X 1.775 = 16.786 m

9.033 t/m2

16.04 t/m2

D= d= b=

9.662 m 9.596 m 0.850 m Pressure at this depth (t/m2) 16.04 12.66 9.99 6.87 3.75 Moment (t-m/m) 854 695 570 423 276

max bar dia = clear cover =

32 50 mm

S. No.

Depth (m)

Reqd (mm2) 4160.876 3388.114 2775.782 2061.395 1347.008

STEEL REQUIREMENT(mm2) Provide nos 32 32 32 32 32 5.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

1 2 3 4 5

16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000

Two layers of 32 from the base to height of extending to top

6.786 m and lap with 28 therafter

Depth (m) 16.786 13.000 10.000 6.500 3.000

Pressure at this depth (t/m2) 16.04 t/m2 12.66 t/m2 9.99 t/m2 6.87 t/m2 3.75 t/m2

Vu (t)

v (N/mm2)

c (N/mm2) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

71.80 44.63 27.65 12.90 3.61

0.09 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.00

v < c at all positions, so provide nominal shear reinforcement : Provide 2 legged stirrup Spacing = 200 mm 8 = 100.531 mm2

(horizontal ties)

To secure connection between counterfort and heel slab, counterfort needs to be designed for tension arising out of the net outward pressure of heel slab. Average downward pressure = 16.91 t/m2 704.59 mm2/m

Total area of reinforcement required to resist this tension = Provide 2 legged 8 = spacing = 100.53 mm2 = 142.679

100.53 x 1000 / 704.59

Provide 8 2 legged stirrup at a spacing of 120 c/c (vertical ties)

3413 850

9728

300 modular ratio m = 280/(3cbc) for M35, cbc = = 8 assuming effective cover = 100 mm d= finding the neautral axis (X) 1) assuming the Neutral axis lies in the flange
Using Ast=

11.67 10478 mm

9 nos 32 7238.23 mm2 X^2 + (2mAst/b)X - (2mAst/b)d a= b= c= 1 34 -356252

b*X^2/2= m*Ast(d-X) ====> X^2 + (34)X - 356252 Solving we get X =

580 mm

for moment M = 1641 Stress in concrete (Fc) =

M/(0.5*b*X*(d-X))

Fc =
Stress in steel (Fs) =

1.68 Mpa < mFc*(d-X)/X 228.64 Mpa

11.67 Mpa

Fs =

<

240 MPa

1775 850

9817

850 modular ratio m = 280/(3cbc) for M35, cbc = = 8 assuming effective cover = 100 mm d= finding the neautral axis (X) 1) assuming the Neutral axis lies in the flange
Using Ast=

11.67 10567 mm

3 nos 32 2412.74 mm2 X^2 + (2mAst/b)X - (2mAst/b)d a= b= c= 1 22 -232474

b*X^2/2= m*Ast(d-X) ====> X^2 + (22)X - 232474 Solving we get X =

471 mm

for moment M = 423 Stress in concrete (Fc) =

M/(0.5*b*X*(d-X))

Fc =
Stress in steel (Fs) =

1.00 Mpa < mFc*(d-X)/X 171.66 Mpa

11.67 Mpa

Fs =

<

240 MPa

Design of ROOF SLAB by Pigeud's curve

B= L=

Thickness of slab = 0.30 m wearing course = 56.00 mm span in transverse direction = span in longitudinal direction =

3.550 m (short) 5.275 m (long)

Maximum bending moment due to dead load = weight of deck slab = weight of wearing course = total weight = 0.720 t/m2 0.123 t/m2 0.843 t/m2 along short span K = short span/long span = 1/K = 0.67 ===>> m1 = 1.49 ===>> m2 = 0.047 from Pigeud's curve 0.018 along long span poisson's ratio = 0.15 for reinforced concrete bridges 15.79 t 0.78 t-m 0.40 t-m

Total dead weight W = moment along short span = moment along long span = (m1+ *m2)*W = (m2+ *m1)*W =

Live load bending moment due to IRC Class AA tracked vehicle =

0.85

ONE TRACK

3.6 SIZE OF PANEL of deck slab= impact factor= u= v= K= u/B= v/L= 3.550 m 25 % 0.962 m 3.712 m limited to X 5.275 m

width of load spread along short span= width of load spread along long span= 0.67 0.271 0.704 using pigeud's curve= m1= m2=

5.275 m

0.12 0.048

load per track of AA= total load per track including impact = 1.25*35 = effective load on span= moment along short span= moment along long span= 43.75*3.712/3.712 = (m1+*m2)*43.75 = (m2+*m1)*43.75 =

35.00 t 43.75 t 43.75 t 5.57 t-m 2.89 t-m

Live load bending moment due to IRC Class AA wheeled vehicle = Y

2.6375

4 3.75 t

1 6.25 t

2 6.25 t

3 3.75 t

2.6375

8 3.75 t

5 6.25 t

6 6.25 t

7 3.75 t

1.775

1.775

The Class AA wheeled vehicle is placed as shown to produce the severest moments. The front axle is placed along the centre line with 6.25t wheel at centre of panel. Maximum moments in the short span and long span directions are computed for individual wheel loads taken in the order shown

B= L=

3.550 m 5.275 m

Bending Moment due to wheel 1 = tyre contact dimensions= u= sqrt((0.3+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2)= v= sqrt((0.15+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2)= u/B = m1 = m2 = 0.144 0.221 0.190 v/L =

6.25 t 300 X 150 mm 0.5097 0.3984 0.076 K= 0.70 7.813 t

Total load allowing for 25 % impact =

Moment along short span = Moment along long span =

1.950 t-m 1.744 t-m

Bending Moment due to wheel 2 =

6.25 t

Here wheel load is placed unsymmetrical to YY axis. But Pigeuds Curves are derived for symmetrical loading. Hence we place an equal dummy load symmetrical about the YY axis and consider the whole loading area. Then we deduct the area beyond the actual loaded area. Half of the resulting value is taken as the moment due to actual loading. Y

6.25 t

6.25 t

0.3

0.85 Y 2.3

0.85

0.3

Intensity of loading = (6.25*1.25)/(0.5097*0.3984) = Consider the loaded area of u= v= u/B = m1 = m2 = 0.685 0.112 0.119 Moment along short span = Moment along long span = 4.578 t-m 4.788 t-m 0.150 X 2.300

38.47 t/m2

sqrt((2.3+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2) = sqrt((0.15+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2) = v/L = 0.076

2.4306 0.3983 K= 0.70

Now consider the area beyond the actual loading = u= v= u/B = m1 = m2 = 0.517 0.132 0.14 Moment along short span = Moment along long span = Net moment along short span = Net moment along long span = 0.531 t-m 0.557 t-m 3.517 t-m 3.674 t-m sqrt((1.7+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2) = sqrt((0.15+2*0.056)^2+0.3^2) = v/L = 0.076

1.7 X 0.15 1.8367 0.3983 K= 0.70

Bending Moment due to wheel 3 =

3.75 t

By similar procedure as for previous case, we get B.M along short span = 0.052 t-m B.M along long span = 0.121 t-m

Bending Moment due to wheel 4 =

3.75 t

By similar procedure as for previous case, we get B.M along short span = 0.520 t-m B.M along long span = 0.607 t-m

Bending Moment due to wheel 5 =

6.25 t

In this case loading is eccentric w.r.t XX axis. By similar procedure as for previous case but with load area extended w.r.t. XX axis, we get B.M along short span = B.M along long span = Bending Moment due to wheel 6 = 0.823 t-m 0.195 t-m 6.25 t

In this case loading is eccentric with respect to both XX and YY axes. A strict simulation would be very complicated and laborious. For A reasonable approximation, eccentricity w.r.t. only XX axis is considered and calculations made as for previous case. B.M along short span = B.M along long span = 0.823 t-m 0.195 t-m

Bending Moment due to wheel 7 =

3.75 t

By similar procedure as for previous case, we get B.M along short span = 0.486 t-m B.M along long span = 0.115 t-m

Bending Moment due to wheel 8 =

3.75 t

By similar procedure as for previous case, we get B.M along short span = 0.486 t-m B.M along long span = 0.115 t-m

total bending moment along short span = total bending moment along long span =

5.671 t-m 3.649 t-m

To allow for continuity, the computed momnts are multiplied by a factor of 0.8 Design Bending Moment= along short span= along long span=
Grade of conc. Grade of steel Dia of bar used Q for concrete grade used

5.16 t-m 3.24 t-m

35 500 16 170 t/m2 0.327 0.891 24000 t/m2 1167 t/m2

k value for concrete

j value for concrete Permissible stress in steel Permissible stress in concrete cover

50 mm

effective depth required= provided deff =

0.174 m 0.242 m OK 998 mm2 1340 mm2 OK 625 mm2 754 mm2 OK

main reinforcement required= So provide 16 @ 150 c/c longitudinal reinforcement required = So provide 12 @ 150 c/c

Design of Abutment Cap

Taking thickness equal to 225 mm for calculation of steel requirement. Y

Along X direction

0.225 m

2.781 m

Steel reqd = 1% of cross section

6257.25 mm2 3128.625 mm2

steel on both top and bottom face = 1/2 of steel reqd= Provide 25 @ 150 c/c =

3272.492 mm2

Along Y direction

0.225 m

1.000 m Steel reqd = 1% of cross section 2250 mm2 1125 mm2

steel on both top and bottom face = 1/2 of steel red= Provide 12 @ 150 c/c ==> = 1507.964 mm2 2 legged stirrup

DESIGN OF DIRTWALL

varies

Design values :
0.35 m 3.036 2 1.525 t/m2 1 0.603 t/m2 ka = width of dirtwall = height of dirtwall,h = 0.279 0.350 m 3.036 m g= 1.80 t/m2

Earth Pressure diagram

1)Earth Pressure due to surcharge equivalent to 1.2m of earthfill

= =

ka *g*1.2 0.603 t/m2 ka *g*h = 1.525 t/m2 ka *g*1.2*h2/2 = 2.777 t-m/m ka *g*h3/6 = 2.342 t-m/m 5.120 t-m/m

2)Earth Pressure due to backfill of earth

Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (1)

Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (1)

Total bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure

Calculation of force and moment due to the effect of braking :(cosidering 40t bogie loading) Max. wheel load is from 40t boggie load. So, considering this case only. Wheel Loads shown below are placed on dirt wall (not on RCC Solid Slab) along carriage-way. So, dispersion is taken directly at 45 degrees. 1.7 10t 2.79m 3.036 10.85 10t Dirt Wall

1.750 Effective width Braking force, 0.2*20 Braking force = Braking force per metre width = = =

2.79 7.576 m 4 t 4 t 0.53 t

3.036

(Only two wheels can come on dirt wall at a time.)

(Impact factor can't be included with braking force)

Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to effect of braking Therefore total bending moment at the base of the dirtwall

= =

2.24 7.36

t-m/m t-m/m

Basic Design Data:

Grade of conc. Grade of steel Dia of bar used Permissible stress in concrete Permissible stress in steel m , Modulur ratio K value for concrete j value for concrete Q for concrete Max. moment in dirtwall (t-m) Effective depth required (mm) Effective depth provided (mm) Ast required (mm2) Provide Vertical longitudinal reinforcement: Use f16 @ 150 c/c 35 500 16 1167 t/m2 24000 t/m2 10 0.327 0.891 170.08 7.36 208 292 1178 SAFE

Ast provided (mm2)

Use f16

(On Approach Side face)

@ 200 c/c

= =

1340 525 1005

Thus OK For 1m length Thus OK

Min. Reinforcent in vertical direction (On outer face)

Therefore providing 20 f @ 130 c/c on the approach side and 12 f @ 200 c/c (Min. % reinforcement) on the outer side in the vertical direction . Also providing 12 f @ 200 c/c on both faces in the horizontal direction .

DESIGN OF DIRTWALL
I

Normal Case with Live load

In the design of dirtwall the total height cosidered has been calculated taking into account a slope of 2.5% provided in the carriageway. For Backfill Soil : a = b = f = d = Kah = = g

0.35 3.036 1 1.525 t/m2 2 0.603 t/m2

90.0 0.0 30.0 20.0 0.279 1.8

degree degree degree degree t/m

3

Earth Pressure diagram Height of dirtwall 1 Earth Pressure due to surcharge equivalent to 1.2m of earthfill 2 Earth Pressure due to backfill of earth Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (1) Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (2) Total bending moment at the base of dirtwall = = = = = = 3.036 m
2 0.603 t/m 2 1.525 t/m

2.78 t-m/m 2.95 t-m/m 5.73 t-m/m

Calculation of force and moment due to the effect of braking :(cosidering 40t bogie loading) 1.7 10t 10t

3.04

2.79m

1.700

2.79

3.036 = = = = = 7.526 4.0 0.53 1.61 m t t t-m/m

Effective width Braking force, 0.2*20 Braking force per metre width Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to effect of braking Therefore total bending moment at the base of the dirtwall

7.34 t-m/m

II

Seismic Case
In the design of dirtwall the total height cosidered has been calculated taking into account a slope of 2.5% provided in the carriageway. Dirt wall has been designed for normal case, wind case and seismic case. permisible stresses are increased by 33%/50% and hence it does not governs. For Backfill Soil : a = b = f = d = Cah = = g

0.30 3.036 1 0.730 t/m2 2 0.288 t/m2

90.0 0.0 33.0 22.0 0.134 1.8

degree degree degree degree t/m

3

Earth Pressure diagram Height of dirtwall 1 Earth Pressure due to surcharge equivalent to 1.2m of earthfill 2 Earth Pressure due to backfill of earth 3 Horizondal force due to seismic Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (1) Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to earth pressure (2) Bending moment at the base of dirtwall due to seismic horizondal force (3) Total bending moment at the base of dirtwall Therefore Normal case govern for the design CALCULATION OF DESIGN PARAMETERS Grade of concrete = Grade of steel = Permissible stresses: sst = sbc =
2 24480 t/m 2 1190 t/m

= = = = = = = =

3.036 m
2 0.288 t/m 2 0.730 t/m 0.231 t/m

1.76 t-m/m 1.41 t-m/m 0.35 t-m/m 3.52 t-m/m

M 35 Fe 500

Basic Design Parameters: k j Q Required effective depth Depth provided Required Ast = = = =(7.34/173.41)^0.5 = 0.35- 0.05 - (16/2000) =7.34*10000/(24480*0.891*0.292) 0.327 0.891 173.41 t/m2 = = = 0.206 m 0.292 m Thus OK
2 11.53 cm /m

50% of additional reinforcement should be provided as per note of transport ministry Provide Min reinforcement 16 f @ 100 c/c at earth face = =

2 17.30 cm /m

2 20.11 cm /m Thus OK 2 2.1 cm /m

= 0.06% of cross sectional area

Provide Provide

10 f 10 f

@ 150 c/c @ 150 c/c

outer face Horz both face

5.24 cm /m Thus OK 5.24 cm /m

2

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT CAP

As the cap is fully supported on the abutment. Minimum thickness of the cap required as per cl. 716.2.1 of IRC : 78- is 225 mm. Assuming thickness of abutment cap Width of abutment cap Thickness of abutment cap Length of abutment cap Area of steel required (min 1%) Quantity of steel to be provided at top Quantity of steel to be provided at bottom Top Face (a) Longitudnal steel Quantity of steel to be provided in longitudnal direction ( 0.5*total steel at top ) Assuming a clear cover of Length of bar Area of steel required in longitudnal direction Provide Provided steel 8 bar of = = = =
3 9088976 mm 50.0 mm

= = = = = = =

225.0 mm 1420 mm 400 mm 11379 mm 36355905 mm

3

3 18177953 mm 3 18177953 mm

11279.0 mm
2 805.8 mm

12 mm dia bar as longitudnal steel on top face of abutment cap. =

904.3 mm2

(b) Transverse steel Quantity of steel to be provided in transverse direction Quantity of steel required Adopting Length of each stirrups Volume of each stirrup No. of stirrups required in per m length
Say

= =

3 9088976 mm

3 798750 mm /m

12 mm dia bar and clear cover =

50 mm 1420 -100 = = 1320 mm

3 149212.8 mm

= = =

5.4 Nos 6.0 Nos 166.7 mm

Required spacing Provide Provided steel 12mm

150 mm c/c stirrups throughout in length of abutment cap. =

753.6 mm2 /m

Same steel will be provided at bottom also on both long and trans direction