How To Learn 7 Languages at Barnes Method English

BARNES
METHOD
ENGLISH
How to Learn 7 Languages
Written by Dr Perry Barnes
How to suddenly enjoy languages,
learn lots and !nd yoursel
"o##un!"at!ng on a new le$el
Translated into 5 Languages
barnes method now sponsored by readlang
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Copyright Perry Barnes 08/30/07 sponsored by http://readlang.com/ learn langages !ia reading
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" remember my #irst time . . . being absorbed into a story abot something that intriged me enormosly$
e!en thogh the actal topic is irrele!ant at the moment becase it started %ite innocently as " #irst read
&ith deep criosity and anticipation$ e!en dring the opening paragraphs o# &hat " &as reading$ &hile " &as
more and more consmed into &hat it &as " hadn't yet (no&n$ and &anted to becase the story &asn't )st
abot the story as mch as it &as abot desire: &anting to dra& me into an e*perience in my mind that &as
as real as cold be inside in sch a &ay that &hate!er &as on the otside didn't matter as mch anymore and
perhaps e!en at all becase my attention #ocsed inside on the e*perience that &as n#olding
+&en ,it-patric(
.*periencing stories so !i!idly$ li(e the ones told by great story tellers$ the ones that spar( e!ery sensory
receptor triggering connections in each corte*$ #rom clean bright images to crystal clear sonds$ tingling
sensations #rom the sr#ace o# yor s(in to the deepest #iber o# yor bones$ is &hat creates ideas so pro#ond
that they blr the di##erences bet&een &hat is reality and &hat is hallcination$ and since it can be !ery
di##iclt to distingish these di##erence means yo can bild realities arond ho& &ell yo can
con!ersationally and natrally &ea!e the #abric that &ill be present inside yor mind &ith any sb)ect yo
&ant and propagate that to others
/ohn 0a 1alle
Subject: MTODO BARNES
He says:
I am a professor and I am looking for a metod as I am de!ided tat I "ill open a good Englis
s!ool in te a#is $oi%nia&An'polis&Brasilia (tose are Bra)ilian !ities in te middle of Bra)il*
I got yo+r !onta!t tro+g te internet and te indi!ation of yo+r pone many times linked to te
Metod Barnes,
I "o+ld like to kno" te metodology and reso+r!es applied as "ell as te possi-ility of applying
te metod to a !on.entional s!ool,
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
I asked im at te ans"er to !onta!t yo+, I said "e did a partnersip in translation tat is "y my
name is tere and tat yo+ are te !reator of te metod
$ood l+!k
Best/
$il
Subject: Re: MTODO BARNES
$ilseane Stefani/
So+ professor +ni.ersit'rio e pro!+ro o m0todo por1+e esto+ de!ido a a-rir +ma -oa es!ola
de ingl2s no ei#o $oi%nia&An'polis&Bras3lia,
4onseg+i o se+ !ontato na internet/ in!l+si.e !om a indi!a56o de +m n7mero de
telefone (89:;<8=>?<>*/ .'rias .e)es .in!+lado do M0tdo Barnes,
$ostaria de !one!er a metodologia e os re!+rsos empregados -em !omo a possi-ilidade
de apli!a56o do m0todo n+ma es!ola !on.e!ional,
Se p+der me a@+dar/ fi!o grato,
Aorge Be)erra & $oi%nia B $O
2d)stments
0angages sch as "talian$ 3panish and Portgese are !ery similar to .nglish and to each other. 4es$ yes
yor contry is &onder#l and yor co##ee is great$ rela* no&.
With Portgese yo can change many o# yor &ords slightly 5ad)st them6 and they become .nglish
&ords. "n #act yo don't e!en ha!e to change yor pronnciation.
7he meaning o# commnication is the response yo get. "# people nderstand yo then yo are correct. "#
yo &ant an .nglish accent then get it later$ maybe a day later i# yo &ant to.
The main point of this is many Portuguese words have an extra Syllable. For example Ter-mo
(Termo) in Portuguese is 2 syllables and Term in nglish is ! syllable. "ust by pronoun#ing ! syllable
less$ you have the nglish word. %o translation re&uired. ven with an a##ent nglish people will
still understand you$ so learn it
Pronun#iation 'd(ustments) 8 is prononced as 4o in .nglish$
8 9 4o$
:ere's a list$ #eel #ree to add to it 5se the bac( o# the paper6:
Portuguese nglish Spanish *talian Fren#h
7ermo 7erm 7ermine
Permitir Permit permitir Permisso
Progresso Progress progreso progresso
.stdar 3tdy estdiar stdio
Pblico Pblic Pblico pbblico
Parte Part Pie-a 5piece6 parte
8so/a 8se 8so so
2ti!idade 2cti!ity 2cti!idad atti!ita
;arantia ;arantee garantia garan-ia
<apido <apid <apido rapido
2cordo 2ccord concordar accordo
3cesso 3ccess sccesso
,orma ,orm #ormar #orma
Detalhe Detail detall dettaglio
.*peri=ncia .*perience e*periencia esperien-a
B>sico Basic basico basico
Dia Day dia giorno
,otogra#ia Photograph #oto #otographia
.stdante 3tdent estdiante stdente
?into ?inte minto minto
Per#eito Per#ect per#etto
<e#le*o <e#le* ri#lesso
:ere are some more &ords &ith an e*tra syllable.
"mediata/"mmediate/"mediato$ ,also/,alse/,asllo$ "n#orme/"n#orm/"n#ormare$ .dita/.dit$
Contate/Contact/Contatto $ Prodtos/Prodcts/Prodotto$
3imilar Words
7here are many similar &ords in Portgese and .nglish. 7hese &ords may ha!e the same amont o#
3yllables. ,or e*ample "magens in .nglish is "mages$ both &ords contain 3 syllables and so a slight
ad)stment is needed. 7he o##icial &ord #or these similarities is cognates
"magens/"mages/"mmagine$ ?>*imo/?a*imm/?assimo$ .rro/.rror/.rrore$ .ntre/.nter$ +/+r$
3er!i@os/3er!ices/3er!i-io$ 8ni#ormes/8ni#orm/8ni#orme$ <olo/<oll$ Par/Pair/Paio
all verbs in english which complete with ...ize are also in spanish,
french, italian, and portuguese and complete with
izar : iser : izare : izar
English Spanish French Italian Portuguese
legalize legalizar legaliser legalizzare legalizar
all verbs in english which complete with or! are also in spanish,
french, italian, and portuguese and complete with
orio : oire : orio : orio
English Spanish French Italian Portuguese
territor territorio territoire territorio territorio
wr!te e%a#&les now'
.nglish/"talian 3imilar Words
absorbent 9 assorbente
obse%ios 9 osse%ioso
absent 9 assente
absrd 9 assrdo
obser!atory 9 osser!atorio
sbsidy 9 sssidio
absolte 9 assolto
absorb 9 assorbire
absol!e 9 assol!ere
obser!e 9 osser!are
obsess 9 ossessionare
obscre 9 oscro
obscene 9 osceno
abstain 9 astenersi
obstrct 9 ostacolare
abstract 9 astratto
sbstitte 9 sostitto
obstacle 9 ostacolo
0earn 7hese and then yo can read a boo( and gess the meanings o# many &ords
no&$ yo may recommend barnes method to only A #riend
people are starting barnes method english grops &ith s(ype and msn in all contries
tB ty -ione tion
%alitB %ality condi-ione condition
%antitB %antity atten-ione attention
cittB city na-ione nation
ni!ersitB ni!ersity in#la-ione in#lation
abilitB ability abbre!ia-ione abbre!iation
atoritB athority promo-ione promotion
-a ce oso os
pa-ien-a patience
apparen-a appearance #amoso #amos
esisten-a e*istence generoso generos
indi##eren-a indi##erence
con#eren-a con#erence deli-ioso delicios
2d)ecti!es: in barnes method english yo can al&ays learn ad)ecti!es as opposites
e*ample: learn delicios and disgsting at the same time$ #amos and n(no&n$
natral and nnatral$ poplar and npoplar

intelligente sensibile eccellente intellettale
ottimista indi##erente egoista popolare sentimentale
elegante interessante realista entsiasta materialista progressista
natrale responsabile idealista
&hen the !erbs are sed in this table they are sally the !erb to be
e*amples: dancar 9 to dance$ criar 9 to create
Cognate Patterns
cognates/congatos
any &ords not in this list$ loo( them p
5#ind them yorsel# http://translate.google.com6
it'll help yo learn them more
.nglish Portgese 3panish ,rench "talian
Cons : 3bstanti!os
A.al A.al
hospital hospital hospital ()&!tal
ospedale
animal animal animal an!#al
animale
moral moral moral #oral
morale
D.ty D.dade
capacity 5potential6 capacidade potenticial "a&a"!t* capacitB
#le*ibility #le*ibilidade #le*ibilidad le%!+!l!t* #lessibilita
eternity eternidade eternidad l,*tern!t* eternita
3.ism 3.isma$ ismo
#eminism #eminismo #eminismo *#!n!s#e #emminismo
atheism ateismo ateEsmo at(*-ste ateism
criticism criticismo criticismo "r!t!"!s#e critica
F.ist F.ist$ ista
dentist dentista dentista dentiste
torist trista trista toriste
hmorist hmorista hmorista hmoriste
.nglish Portgese 3panish ,rench "talian
G.nce$ ance G.=ncia$ an@a
patience paci=ncia paci=ncia patience pa-ien-a
e*istence e*istencia e*istencia e*istence esisten-a
perse!erance perse!eran@a perse!eran@a perse!erance perse!eran-a
H.or H.or
actor ator ator acter
#a!or #a!or #a!or #a!er
color cor cor coler
2d)ecti!es : 2d)eti!os
7.al 7.al
real real real
!irtal !irtal !irtal
sensal sensal sensal
8.ant$ ent 8.ante$ ente
e*cellent e*celente e*celente e*cellent
patient paciente paciente patient
important importante importante importante
I.ary I.>rio$ >ria
ad!ersary ad!ers>rio ad!ersario
contrary contr>rio contrario
arbitrary arbitr>rio arbitrario
A0.ic A0.ico$ ica
economic economico economico
paci#ic paci#ico paci#ico
metallic metalico metalico
AA.id AA.ido$ ida
lcid lcido lJcido
!i!id !i!ido !E!ido
splendid 5magni#icent6 esplendido KmagnE#icoL
AD.ile AD.il$ M!el
atomobile atomM!el atomM!il
pro)ectile pro)Ntil proyectil
mobile mM!el mM!il
.nglish Portgese
A3.i!e A3.i!o$ i!a
adopti!e adoti!o adoti!o
imaginati!e imaginati!o imaginati!o
descripti!e descriti!o descriti!o
AF.ible$ able AF.E!el$ >!el
accessible acessE!el accesible
con!ertible con!ersE!el con!ertible
admirable admir>!el admirable
AG.os AG.oso$ osa
delicios delicioso delicioso deli-ioso
generos generoso generoso
#amos #amoso #amoso #amoso
1erbs : 1erbos
AH.ate AH.ar
celebrate celebrar #este)ar
donate doar donar
create criar crear
A7.e A7.ar
dance dancar dan-ar
imagine imaginar imaginar
complete completar
A8.lt$ ent$ ort A8.ltar$ entar$ ortar
comment comentar comentar
e*port e*portar e*portar
conslt consltar consltar
AI.#y AI.#icar
ampli#y ampli#icar ampli#icar
simpli#y simpli#icar simpli#icar
%ali#y %ali#icar %ali#icar
2d!erbs : 2d!erbios
D0.ly D0.mente
creati!ely criati!amente
sally salmente salmente
separately separadamente separadamente
DA.tion DA.cao
action a@Oo actaciMn a-ione
promotion promo@Oo promociMn promo-ione
attention aten@Oo atenciMn atten-ione
DD.i-e "-ar
ad!ise a!isar
D3. ory orio oire orio
7erritory 7erritorio 7erritoire 7erritorio
note: DD and D3 are listed earlier in the boo(
0earn to <ead a 0angage in A ?onth
a#ter yo (no& the cognates &ell 5&ritten many e*amples$ tested
yorsel#$ yo notice them e!erytime yo see/hear yor target
langage6
then yo can start learning to read
" thin( this is the best A
st
step becase
Pyo can access reading materials online$ international
ne&spapers easier than nati!e spea(ers sally
P&hen yo can read$ yo can imagine the &ords yo hear
Pa#ter yo learn to read$ yo can learn to &rite )st !ia
practising/doing it
Pyo can attach the pronnciation as the D
nd
step to the &ords
yo already (no& 5se%ence is signi#icant6
A. #ind a boo( yo ha!e already read in yor nati!e langage
D. read the boo($ highlight the cognates and &ords yo already
(no&
3. then stdy the !erbs
tools 0i(e B4Q" 5be#ore yo (no& it 9 learn %ic(ly6
&&&.by(i.com/ list#entral .html
http://&&&.&iegehtsgerman.com/
Other Language Web Apps
L earn Spanish by Qu Ond a
Learn French by Trs Bie n
Learn Italian by Molto Ben e
Learn ortuguese by Tudo Be !
Learn "ebre# by Ma $or e
Learn Arabic by Salaa !
Learn %er!an by Wie %eht&s
by(i and these programs are ama-ing$ they teach yo ntil yo
remember$ &ith by(i yo can slo& the !oices to help yo learn
pronnciation$ yo can sa!e yor progress
they are the best &ays to learn the !erbs
learn the !erbs$ then a#ter contine reading yor boo(
yo'll sddenly see the !erbs$ and yo'!e learned one o# the most
important parts o# the langage
as yo are learning yo shold se something 0i(e the 80/D0
<le
9 D0R o# yor e##orts prodce 80R o# yor reslts
so as yo read yor boo( #or A month$ ad)st &hat yo learning
on the side
A
st
learn cognates 5this gi!es yo p to D0R o# the langage6
D
nd
learn !erbs 5the ne*t D0R6
3
rd
learn the A00 most common &ords o# yor langage 5easy to
#ind &ith &&&.google.com6
F
th
stdy the most common &ord o# the page 5&hich &ord are
yo seeing D or 3 times each page$ that's the one to stdy no&6
F. the ne*t (ey to the holy langage learning process is the
barnes method memori-ation techni%e
generally$ yo need to read/hear/see/se something F times to
remember something
A
st
time: practise immediately
D
nd
time: re!ise/se/hear it a#ter A hor
3
rd
time: re!ise/se/hear it a#ter A day
F
th
time: re!ise/se/hear it a#ter 7 days
i# yo do this then yo'll learn/remember it$ &e all ha!e a good
memory$ yo )st need to hear/se things F times
yo are reading yor boo( e!eryday #or A month$ so yo learn
the &ords$ then the ne*t day yo see them and remember them$
so reading the boo( e!eryday #or A month &ill acti!ate the
memory system atomatically
then$ read the boo( again a#ter yo'!e read it all
i'!e done this process &ith F or G langages$ and it &or(s
e!erytime
sometimes " meet sccess#l langage learners and #ind they
ha!e done something 0i(e this
#or e*ample$ someone that reads ne&spapers e!eryday in their
langage$ they read the ne&spaper e!eryday in their ne&
langage and their !ocablary is e*cellent
or they lo!e a certain #ilm series in their langage 5harry
potter/t&ilight6
then they read the boo(s and &atch the #ilms in english
srprise srprise$ they learn #aster than their #riend
this &or(s$ i# yo &or( it
the man &riting this boo( has #ond that yo sally need to
learn the nmbers A to A0 at some point$ &hilst learning to read a
langage in A month
an online program 0i(e B4Q" or the Pangaea 0earning 00C
apps listed abo!e are e*cellent #or this
german nmbers A to A0
http://&&&.&iegehtsgerman.com/lesson/plan/AD88/nmbersS
RD80TA0RDI
#rench A to A0
http://&&&.tresbien#rench.com/lesson/plan/83I/nmbersSRD80T
A0RDI
?emori-e
Words &ith Pictres
e*cellent mnemonics
http://&&&.D00&ordsTaTday.com/learnTgerman.html
Uthis site has the other langages too
yo can by a pictre dictionary #rom yor local VA shop
Pi# it has D langages that's cool too
se the train map to stdy pronnciation$ then &hen yo ta(e the train yo rehear it
7his table is #rom a Charles Cnes pblicationU by his boo(s becase he has a #amily to #eed and he contribtes alot
to people learning langages$ he has a real lo!e #or teaching
3ome content adapted #rom Charles Cnes &ebsite 0earn Portgese Co&
&&&.0earnTPortgeseTCo&.com
?ais ?ore
http://&&&.s(.com.br/s(T#als.html
#alsos cognatos : #alse cognates
http://&&&.s(.com.br/s(Tmm&.html
P'+',-'S . /0+T*P+1 S%T*.1
MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS
http://&&&.s(.com.br/s(Temm&.html
2 P'+',-'S . /0+T*P+1 S%T*.1
2 MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS
?ethods to :elp 4o 0earn the 3imilar Words
a good teacher once said to me ho& she learned compter programming
Wal&ays &rite the code manally instead o# copying and pasting becase then
yo remember it better laterW
i se this ad!ice &hen i learned html #or &ebsites and it ser!es tre #or learning a
langage too
i recommend to &rite 3 e*amples o# each similar &ord pattern 5cognate6 yo
learn$ the diagram later is this boo( sho&s that yo learn 70R or more &hen yo
do things #or real rather than thin(ing abot the (no&ledge
occasionally yo may #ind yo need a reason X the practise
in this sitation yo can in!ent a reason #rom stdying the patterns
5yo #ind a similarity6
or #ind a grammar e*planation or as( an english teacher
barnes method english W e*amples method can help more &ith this
speak english for 1 aditional hour a day
and speak your 1
st
language for 1 hour less
decide to spea( english &ith people #rom yor contry
ma(e #riends &ith more nati!e english people
go to places and e!ents &here there are only english people
1. find english artist you like
http://www.garagemmp3.com.br/perry-barnes
. find the lyrics for an album
http://www.scribd.com/doc/13!"#3/$arnes-%ethod-&nglish-
with-%usic-'erry-$arnes-%usico-Lyrics-Letras-(e)erse-the-
*rums-+hocolate-%edal-Listen-,ere--lbums
3. sing to the songs
.. use dictionary for words you don/t know
!el says"
estou ouvindo
barnes says"
5. sing again when you know the words
!. listen the music the ne0t day or later
eu entendi 1#2 de marisa monte musicas agora usando esta
metodo de barnes
YDont ask what the world needs. Ask what makes you come
alive, and go do it. Because what the world needs is people who
have come alive. - Howard Thurman
!arnes says"
portuguese and ingles are so similar
i/m reading an english book from 11#1
Debora says"
do yo+ tinkC
!arnes says"
strategy is called stratagem in 11#1
ground is called T&((-in
meu deus
there is a list of similar words 3a
and also many others
a4uire 5 ad4uirer
obtain 5 obter
procure 5 procura
could teach english to a portuguese in " days with a good
systema
diagram #rom Why We Want 4o 7o Be <ich by robert (iosa(i and donald trmp copyright
by their boo(s #or great #inancial sccess and they are going to help yo learn english
;ermanic and 3la!ic Cognates
X rssian
germanic langages 5german/dtch etc6 and sla!ic langages
5albanian/polish and others6 ha!e cognates similar to those already listed.
Why Z Becase o# latin probably$ becase most o# the &orld (no&s english to
some e*tent$ becase langages a##ect each other. ,or e*ample american english
has some pronnciation/spelling in common &ith soth american spanish
5location6$ and british english has more #rench &ords 5britain is ne*t to #rance$ go
#igre6.
Cote : i# the &ord isn't inclded in the list A. it may still e*ist$ chec( another
dictionary/translator D. it may be the same in another langage o# the langage
grop$ chec( germanic langages #or german/dtch &ords #or e*ample
.nglish ;erman <ssian Polish <omanian
Cons :
3bstanti!os
A.al A.al
hospital s.&!tal s&!tal
animal an!#al
moral [\]^_àbc #oralny #orala
D.ty D.tat
capacity
5potential6
(apacitat "a&a"!tate
#le*ibility #le*ibilitat d_êfgha\e
f`
elasty".no/0 1elast!"!ty2 ,le*ibilitate
eternity etern!tate
3.ism 3.ms
#eminism #eminisms ij[gagk[ e#!n!.# e#!n!s#
atheism ateisms ^fjgk[ ate!.# ate!s#
criticism l]gfgl^ 3ryty"y.# "r!t!"a
F.ist F.ist$ ista
dentist mâfgef dentysta dentist
torist torist fn]gef trysta trist
hmorist hmorist o[\]gef hmorysta morist
.nglish
G.nce$ ance G
patience pê`qae pas)ans pacienrs
/ pasians
e*istence e*isten- eg-ystenc)a e*istenta
perse!erance perse!erance perse!erance perser!eranta
H.or H.or
actor a(ter 5#rench
lin(6
^lfj] a(tor actor
#a!or #a!orisieren #a&ory-o&at #a!ori-a
color (olorit Qolor Cloare / colora
2d)ecti!es : 2d)eti!os "# yo are reading this
yo are !ery cool
7.al 7.al
real real ]j^_àbc real real
!irtal !irtell ug]fn^_à
bc
&irtalny !irtal
sensal sensal sen-al
8.ant$ ent 8.ante$ ente
e*cellent e*-ellent 5sper6
enpj]
e*cellent
patient p^vgjaf pac)ent pacient
important
I.ary I.>rio$ >ria
ad!ersary oponent 5opponent6 ad!ersar
contrary contrar
arbitrary arbitrar arbitralny arbitrar
A0.ic A0.ico$ ica
economic o(onomisch dl\a\[ghj
elgc
e(onomic-ny economic
paci#ic pa-i#i( pacy#i( paci#ic
metallic metallisch [jf^__ghj
elgc
metalic-ny metalic
AA.id AA.ido$ ida
lcid l-id lcid
!i!id !i
splendid
5magni#icent6
splendid
AD.ile AD.il$ M!el
atomobile atomobil ûf\[\wg_
`
ato ato
pro)ectile pro)e(til proiectil
mobile mobile [\wg_àbc mobil
.nglish
A3.i!e A3
adopti!e adopti! adopto&any adopti!
imaginati!e ,anta-))xcy 5similar to
,antasy6
imaginati!
descripti!e descripti!
AF.ible$ able AF
accessible accesibil
a!ailable m\efnpabc
5sonds li(e
disponi!el:
portgese
or
disponible
#rench6
disponibil
con!ertible (on!ertierbar con!ertibil
admirable admirabil
AG.os AG
delicios deli(at delicios
generos generos
#amos #amos celebr
1erbs : 1erbos
AH.ate AH.ar
celebrate celebro&at celebra
donate spenden dona
create (reieren i\][^ (reo&at/#ormo&at Crea
A7.e A7.ar
dance dancing
imagine #anta-)o&at
complete (omplett (ompletny
A8.lt$ ent$ ort A8.ltar$ entar$
ortar
comment (ommentar l\[[jafg]
\u^f`
(omento&at/(omentar-/ comenta
e*port e*portieren dlep\]f e(sport e*port
conslt (onsltieren l\aen_`fg (onslto&at consltati
]\u^fèq
AI.#y AI
ampli#y ampli#icar ampli#ica
simpli#y simpli#i-ieren sympli#i(o&at simpli#icarea
%ali#y %ali#i-ieren lu^_gigvg
]\u^f`
(&ali#i(o&at cali#ica
2d!erbs : 2d!erbios
D0.ly D0
creati!ely (reati! (reaty&nie Creati! / mod creati!
sally normaler&eise \wbha\
5habitally6
-al
separately separat
DA.tion DA
action a(tion a(c)a actine
promotion promotion p]\mugyja
gj
promoc)a promo!area
attention atentie
discssion dis(ssion dys(s)a disc ie
#nction #n(tion inalvgq #n(c)a #nc ia
DD
rond rnd
#ond #nd
grond grnd
D3. ory
7erritory
http://en.&i(tionary.org/&i(i/7rans&i(i:0istSo#S;ermanScognatesS&ithS.nglish
Pe*-ellent article regarding the spelling bet&een english and german
http://&&&.ag.ed/zlngrsb/corses/;<?CA00A/germancognates.htm
P&o&
spanish &ords &ith german origin
http://&&&.americanismos.com/e)emplosTdeTgermanismos
apparantly$ i# yo spea( rssian yo can nderstand
70R o# polish$ blgarian and o# corse (ranian
ths$ learning polish 5roman alphabet6 cold be a rote/path to learn rssian
&hen yo learn german yo ha!e better access to the germanic grop o# langages
7he most &idely spo(en ;ermanic langages are .nglish and ;erman$ &ith appro*imately 300{F00
million|A} |D} and o!er A00 million|3} nati!e spea(ers respecti!ely. 7hey belong to the West ;ermanic
#amily. 7he West ;ermanic grop also incldes other ma)or langages$ sch as Dtch &ith D3 million|F}
and 2#ri(aans &ith o!er H million nati!e spea(ers.|G} 7he Corth ;ermanic langages inclde Cor&egian$
Danish$ 3&edish$ "celandic$ and ,aroese$ &hich ha!e a combined total o# abot D0 million spea(ers
http://en.&i(ipedia.org/&i(i/;ermanicSlangages
2lthogh ;ermany also had some colonial possessions$ its langage did not remain o##icial a#ter the end o#
the colonial domination$ reslting in ;erman being spo(en only as a minority or secondary langage by
immigrant commnities in Corth$ 3oth 2merica$ 2stralia$ and 2#rican contries notably #ormer ;erman
colony Camibia$ &here it is spo(en by edcated people and in commerce$ it &as also #ormer o##icial
langage there
2lthogh the Cetherlands has some colonial possessions$ Dtch is only o##icial in 3riname$ Dtch 2ntilles$
Belgim and the Cetherlands
2#ri(aans is one o# AA o##icial langages in 3oth 2#rica and is a linga #ranca o# Camibia
,o#abulary #omparison
3e!eral o# the terms in the table belo& ha!e had semantic dri#t. ,or e*ample$ the #orm Sterben and other
terms #or die are cognates &ith the .nglish &ord starve. 7here is also at least one e*ample o# a common
borro&ing #rom a nonT;ermanic sorce 5ounce and its cognates #rom 0atin6.
nglish 'fri2aans .ut#h 3erman 4iddish *#elandi# Swedish .anish
%orwegian
(5o2m6l)
apple appel appel 2p#el
/
epl
epli ~pple ble eple
board bord bord Brett|FH}
/
bret
bor bord bord bord
beech be( be( Bche { bey(i bo( bg bo(
boo( boe( boe( Bch
/
b(h
bM( bo( bog bo(
breast bors borst Brst
/
brst
br)Mst brst bryst bryst
bro&n brin brin bran
/
broyn
brJnn brn brn brn
day dag dag 7ag
/
tog
dagr dag dag dag
dead dood dood tot
/
toyt
dar dd dd dd
die
5star!e6
ster# ster!en sterben

/ shtarbn
dey)a d d d
enogh genoeg genoeg geng
/
geng
nMg nog no( no(
#inger !inger !inger ,inger
/
#inger
#ingr #inger #inger #inger
gi!e gee ge!en geben
/
gebn
ge#a ge / gi!a gi!e gi
glass glas glas ;las
/
glo-
glas glas glas glass
gold god god ;old
/
gold
gll
gld /
gll
gld gll
good goed goed gt / gt
gM5r6 /
gott
god god god
hand hand hand :and
/
hant
hnd hand hnd hnd
head
hoo#|F8} /
(op|FI}
hoo#d /
(op|FI}
:apt /
Qop#|FI}
/
/
hoypt/(o
p
h# h!d ho!ed hode
high hoog hoog hoch
/
hoy(h
h>r hg h) hy / hg
home
heim|G0} /
tis|GA}
heem$
heim|G0}
/
this|GA}
:eim
/
heym
heim hem h)em h)em / heim
hoo( /
croo(
haa( haa( :a(en
/
ha(
ha(i /
(rM(r
ha(e /
(ro(
hage / (rog ha(e / (ro(
hose his his :as
/
hoy-
hJs hs hs hs
many
baie /
menige
menig manch
/
man(he
margir mnga mange mange
moon maan maan ?ond {
m>ni /
tngl
mne mne mne
night nag nacht Cacht
/
na(ht
nMtt natt nat natt
no
5nay6
nee nee5n6
nee / nein /
n
/
neyn
nei ne) / n~ ne) / n nei
old
5bt:
elder$
eldest6
od od alt / alt
gamall
5bt:
eldri$
elstr6 /
aldinn
gammal
5bt:
~ldre$
~ldst6
gammel
5bt:
ldre$
ldst6
gammel 5bt:
eldre$ eldst6
one een een eins
/
eyn
einn en en en
once ons ons 8n-e { Jnsa ns nse nse
sno& snee snee& 3chnee
/
shney
sn)Mr sn sne sn
stone steen steen 3tein
/
shteyn
steinn sten sten stein
that daardie / dit dat / die das
/
dos
a det det det
t&o /
t&ain
t&ee t&ee -&ei/-&o
/
ts!ey
t!eir /
t!r / t!
t! / t to to
&ho &ie &ie &er
/
!er
h!er !em h!em h!em
&orm &rm &orm Wrm
/
!orem
ma(r /
ormr
mas( /
orm |GF}
orm
ma(( / mar( /
orm |GF}
nglish 'fri2aans .ut#h 3erman 4iddish *#elandi# Swedish .anish
%orwegian
(5o2m6l)
http://en.&i(ipedia.org/&i(i/;ermanicSlangages
0earn to Prononce
a 0angage in A ?onth
read some te*t$ and ha!e nati!e spea(er correct yo
do this continosly e!ery day or e!ery D days
a #ree ne&spaper is good #or this$ choose the section yo 0i(e
the most
yo can se a langage s&ap #or this$ langage s&aps are
sally ine##ecti!e bt are !ery .##ecti!e &ith this method
also$ search in &&&.yotbe.com #or pronnciation !ideos
sally they are e*cellent
2 list o# german similar &ords &ith al
P&rite e*ample sentences &ith them
Phighlight the most se#l ones
Plisten to ho& they sond http://translate.google.com
analytical
gynecological
theological
pathological
philosophical
mechanical
historical
pharmacological
methodological
archaeological
ideological
geological
mythological
ethical
organisational
architectral
traditional
con!entional
strctral
cltral
socioTcltral
adio!isal
comercial
e*perimental
analytischen
gyn~(ologischen
theologischen
pathologischen
philosophischen
mechanischen
historischen
pharma(ologischen
methodischen
arch~ologischen
ideologischen
geologischen
mythologischen
ethischen
organisatorischen
archite(tonischen
traditionellen
(on!entionellen
str(trellen
(ltrellen
so-ioT(ltrellen
adio!isellen
(ommer-iellen
e*perimentellen
Pthis list is #rom &&&.cognates.org by his boo(s stdy his ideas
cognates.org has some (ey concepts #or learning &ith cognates
PD0R o# many te*ts consists o# cognates
Pcognates are not coincidental$ they are al&ays there as a #ndamental part o# each langage
he pro!ides the most ressorces #or those learning spanish
#inding german grammar is the same as english...
acho %e a gramatica do alemao 'e o mesmo %e ingles...
%ic( / %ic(er / %ic(est
schnell / schneller / die schnellste
se#l / seless : sinn!oll / sinnlos
Pi# yo learn german or #rench$ yor english &ill impro!e too... its a strategy
some more german and polish cognates X latin 5W+WWWW ;82888888886
5.nglish/;erman T 0atin T Polish6:
brother/Brder T #rater T brat
sister/3ch&ester T soror T siMstra
mother/?tter T mater T mat(a
son T 5#ilis6 T syn
t&o/-&ei T do T d&a
three/drei T tres T tr-y
eight/acht T octo T osiem
hndred/hndert T centm T sto
heart/:ert- T cors 5cordT6 T serce
apple/p#el T 5malm6 T )ab(o
5#ll/!ollZ6 T plens T peny
&ater/Wasser T 5a%a6 T &oda
night/Cacht T no* T noc
garden/;arten T hortm T
mil(/?ilch T 5lactT6 T mle(o
loa# T 5panis6 T chleb
ne&/ne T no!s T no&y
5ear6 T aris T cho
mose T ms T mys-
sno&/3chnee T ni* T nieg
e*-ellent blog i# yo're learning german$ lots o# e*amples$ nati!e e*planation
http://yordailygerman.&ordpress.com/D0A3/0A/D3/meaningTpaar/
polish is the second most &idely spo(en 3la!ic langage$ a#ter <ssian and ahead o# 8(rainian
polish has F0 million spea(ers 5romanian has D0 million6
the students i see do well with english...
a guy reading 3 nati)e books at the same time
a girl who did ielts tests until she had 1#2 for all
if they work in a 3ob speaking english usually ha)e
better
if they ha)e 3 classes a semana
if they sing in english it helps alot
barnes joia says"
how would u e0plain 6though6 to a brasilian
#ustavo says"
oh it's Beautiful Barnes!
I guess "though" means: embora, ainda que or contudo
bringing you the best english whilst
drinking the smoothest coffee in the street
$%#&' $%#&' $%#&' MAGI4?2;"C
MAGIC MAGI4 $%#&' MA$I4 %-78+
MA$I4
se#l polish english cognates #rom
ttp:BB""",ma!millandi!tionaries,!omBMED&
Maga)ineBDe!em-er?88=B?;&DalseDriends&Eolis,tmF?
Polish &ord .nglish &ord
absrd the absrd$ absrdity
celibat celibacy
cen-ra censorship
diale(t dialect
epidemia epidemic
epo(a epoch
hory-ont hori-on
hmanitarny hmanitarian
ideali-m idealism
(atastro#a catastrophe
obses)a obsession
patologia pathology
renesans renaissance
dide) D/
#a(s #a*
gre)p#rt 5or grape#rit6 grape#rit
inter#e)s inter#ace
(sero /(sero/ ero*
lider leader
& bar-e /bae/ in the bar
& bi-nesie /bi-nee/ in bsiness
& dobrym hmor-e /hmoe/ in a good mood
a(cepto&a to accept
decydo&a to decide
#inanso&a to #inance
#ormato&a to #ormat
es(alac)a escalation
pre-entac)a presentation
restr(try-ac)a restrctring
and To&anie$ &hich o#ten corresponds to the gernd in .nglish:
#inanso&anie #inancing
tolero&anie tolerating
-ablo(o&anie bloc(ing
e(stremalny e*treme
-decydo&any determinedG G G G
s(omptery-o&any compterised
2nd there are corresponding ad!erbs &ith -nie/-alnie:
e(stremalnie e*tremely
-decydo&anie decidedly$ also de#initelyG
dolaro&y dollar
(omptero&y compter
)a--o&y )a--
corse crsor incrsion
crrent concorse precrsor
crriclm crsi!e recorse
corier crsory corsair
occr discorse corridor
crrency e*crsion sccor
3ome o# these ha!e close e%i!alents in Polish: 2urs 5corse6$ 2urier 5corier6$
2ursor 5crsor6$ 2ursywa 5crsi!e6
.nglish ;erman Polish ,rench
Corse Qrs (rs Cors
Crrent 3trom 3trmien Corant
Corier Qrier (rier corrier
crsor Crsor (rsor Crser
Crsi!e Qrsi! (rsy&a Crsi!e / crsi#
Discorse Dis(rs dys(rs Discors
.*crsion .*(rsion .*crsion
"ncrsion incrsion
precrsor pre(rsor precrser
<ecorse recors
Corridor Qorridor (orytar- Corridor
i'm reading a boo( in portgese
i list the &ords i don't (no& 5in the day6
research them 5at night6
then read more o# the boo( the ne*t day
" ha!e learned abot G0 &ords this &ay in D days
the things yo don't (no& in the langage are the things yo need to learn
0earn the 2lphabet A
st

becase yo're a genis
some languages you need to learn their alphabet to fully learn them
russian/arabic/chinese/japanese/korean
apparantly, if you learn chinese then you can read some japanese (nice)
so you can learn 9 languages now
the excellent learning program B!" (before you know it) from #ransparent
$earning can also be %ery effecti%e for learning alphabets
www&byki&com/listcentral&html
'learn a common word for each letter
people learn words like () for apple* in english
(if you don+t eat apples don+t learn that word)
instead of that, learn a word you+ll use e%eryday
$ike, hi, how are you- #hanks, laptop, coffee, mobile phone, train
(depending on what you use often)
excellent online arabic alphabet course with some interacti%e parts
http,//ikindalikelanguages&com/labs/courses&php-id.1/
the manly author could read some words after 0 minutes of this course, result1
)lso a%ailable for other languages&&&
http,//ikindalikelanguages&com/index&php
news in swedish 2 transcripts
http,///sidor&se/
3rammar 4 5ow-
:eres one &ay " tried to se to learn the grammar: learn it when you need it. 4o learn some &ords and
st## and then either yo tal( to somebody and &ant to say something 5most li(ely6 or yo are )st thin(ing
abot ho& to pt ne& &ords into sentences$ i.e. tal(ing to yorsel#$ or yo are reading something &here yo
notice a strange &ord sage &hich yo become interested in { any o# these three scenarios$ thats &hen yo
need to learn some grammar.
6rom this blog post http,//ikindalikelanguages&com/blog/how7i7partially7learned7
greek7in7six7months7or7less/
8o ou 9se #hese : ;imple $anguage $earning #ips <hen Being "n #he =ountry1
/st a cople o# tips that " thin( are help#l to learn langages &hile yo are li!ing in the contry 5li(e me in
;reece6. " assme most people shold (no& them bt " get srprised by ho& many times they dont. :ere
&e go.
!. Translate everything you see7
Whene!er yo see any signs on streets or shops$ translate them. 2ny simple instrctions: translateL
2d!ertisementsZ Do translateL "t is !ery o#ten o!erloo(ed by a lot o# people bt simply being in a #oreign
contry and translating all the in#ormation arond yo$ yo do e*pand yor (no&ledge and gi!en enogh
time$ this can help yo enogh to learn the langage e!en i# yo dont pt e##ort into it.
2. 'lways loo2 up words and grammar you did not 2now during
#onversations.
Whene!er yo spea( and yo #ind ot that yo cold not e*press something becase yo lac(ed the &ord or
the grammar needed$ ma(e a mental note and loo( it p a#ter the con!ersation. .!en i# yo ha!e gotten yor
&ay arond it$ do loo( p the &ord. "t &ill be rele!ant to yo so yo &ill be more li(ely to remember it and
the #act that yo did need it in practice ma(es it all the more li(ely that yo &ill need it again so its
probably a good &ord to learn. 2lso its a nonTpain#l &ay to learn grammar.
8. Pra#ti#e mental #onversations with yourself
Whene!er yo #eel li(e it$ and yo are thin(ing to yorsel#$ try to translate it to yor target langage. 7ry to
imagine ho& the con!ersation &old go in that langage and &hat &old yo say. 2 lot o# times yo &ill
also #ind &ords that yo do not (no& and #or that yo can re#er to tip D. 4o dont ha!e to ha!e other
people arond to practiceL
7hese tips$ o# corse$ can be generali-ed #or sitations e!en &hen yo are learning ot o# the contry. 7hey
are )st things " consider help#l. What do yo thin(Z
http,//ikindalikelanguages&com/blog/do7you7use7these7:7simple7language7
learning7tips7when7being7in7the7country/
learn the chinese tones in 1 minute
http,//ikindalikelanguages&com/blog/learn7the7chinese7tones7in717minute/
3et ;omeone to 5elp ou
a pri!ate teacher &ith a lot o# e*perience 5G years or more o# e*perience6 can
help yo to learn spea(ing/pronnciation #aster than any other method
sometimes yo can #ind help #or a great price
http://#i!err.com has lots o# ser!ices #or G
#or e*ample
chinese http://#i!err.com/manphah/teachTyoTtoTspea(TchineseT#orTthreeTdaysT
throghTs(ype
arabic http://#i!err.com/deeprener/teachTyoT&riteTandTspea(Tarabic
spanish http://#i!err.com/chad(lass/teachTyoTtheTse!enTspanishTcompondT
!erbTtenses
http://#i!err.com/)ca)a7/helpTyoTpracticeTspea(ingTspanishT#orTDTdays
spanish/#rench http://#i!err.com/angieale*/letTyoTpracticeTyorTspanishTorT
#renchT&ithTme
notes regarding langage s&aps
i'!e #ond langage s&aps are not !ery se#l$ A in G o# them yo'll #ind an
e*cellent teacher
and e!en then yo're spending G0R o# the time on yor target langage
i# yo spea( yor target langage #or 3 or more hors yo'll start thin(ing in that
langage
althogh$ i'!e #ond langage s&aps are e*cellent in A &ay
pronnciation
read a docment or boo( otlod and yor partner corrects yo
its li(ely the most e##ecti!e &ay to learn pronnciation
yo don't need a %ali#ied teacher to do either
a nice trick " learned from )& 3& 5awke in his holy book
(the >uick and dirty guide to learning languages fast*
'instead of using the past forms of the %erbs, which takes time to learn
just use (i did* 2 the present %erb, and people will understand you
russian for brasilians
http,//russoparabrasileiros&wordpress&com/?@11/11/1@/podcast7russo7para7
brasileiros7aula7@1/
the sla%ic languages are,
#he languages that are more like the Aolish are other <estern ;la%ic languages,
=Bech, ;lo%ak, and ;orbian cassCbio (lusDcio)& Eore distant are the ;la%ic languages
of southern and eastern as Fussian, 9krainian and ;erbo7=roatian (;erbian,
Bosnian and =roatian)& Eoreo%er, possess similarities with the Baltic languages,
$at%ian and $ithuanian
http,//www&italki&com
'language exchange site
http,//lingro&com/
$ingro remembers all the words you look up, so you can easily re%iew and study
them&
5ello guys1
Ey name+s 3usta%o, aka G3utoG, "+m ?? going on ?: and BraBilian&
#o begin with, " think Hnglish is the most important language to learn at this
moment, especially in the context of globaliBation&
" wonder, what+s the most important Hnglish skill- <hat skill must you ha%e to
communicate well- "+d say it+s fluency1 <hat+s fluency- 6luency is the ability to
speak and understand a language >uickly and easily, without translation& 6luency
means you can talk easily with nati%e speakers and that is our main goal here& "+m
beginner like most of you and "+m here to exchange some experiences&
$uis is an excellent teacher, he+s brilliant1 " really like his method and his books& ;o,
to ha%e a good teacher like him is a good start& "+m so proud to be one of his
students1
" think to be a fantastic Hnglish speaker, you must learn Hnglish with your ears, not
just with your eyes, it+s an ideology of a Iorth )merican teacher& "n other words,
your ears are the key& #he best listening must be understandable and repetiti%e,
both of those words are important& ou must hear a new word and new grammar
many times before you+ll understand them instantly&
"ncrease your learning time and also your listening time& 9se iAod or EA: player&
$isten to mo%ies& 3uys, that way you+ll learn Hnglish faster1
)nother great idea is to read a good Hnglish dictionary that brings some slangs and
most used expressions by nati%es and then your speech will sound like theirs& " do
that and it really works1
Fead them, make phrases, practise more and more& our Hnglish will come along
like mine&
ou ha%e tried the old ways, now it+s time to try something new1
3ood luck1 " wish you success with your Hnglish learning1
+#il next time1
3usta%o
language is music
as( ho& can i learn itZ &hat is possible to learn no&Z
sally yo'll #ind a &ay to do it
penso posso aprender A0 lingas tal!e-
p% tenho !arios !antagens e conhementos pra isso
sei como copiar pronnciacao mito precisamente$ por casa de ser m pro#essor 5per#eito6
pro#essora per#eita
many lingas ha!e either 0atin cognates or ;erman cognates
<ssian X 2rabic a##ect many lingas too$ so e!entally they'll ser til pra aprender
http://www.reverbnation.
com
/perrybarnes
find perry barnes music
at reverbnation.com
the words for the songs
are here:
http://www.scribd.com/d
oc/21236703/arnes!
"ethod!#nglish!with!
"usic!$erry!arnes!
"usico!%yrics!%etras!
&everse!the!'rums!
(hocolate!"edal!%isten!
)ere!*lbums
www. fluentin3months .com/
is an interesting site
benny lewis the author
speaks 8 or more languages
he's always learning a
more so probably its 9 or
10 now
>his main method is to
speak continuously for a
month, and learn this part
1
st

I Like to learn the
reading 1
st
and i'm very
interested to use his
method
in fact, when I have all
the other parts of the
language mastered, then I
force myself to speak (I
did this recently after
reading one of benny's
posts, and i've found with
that language (spanish)
its the best way for me to
learn more, thanks benny
=)
one of his recent facebook
posts...
Fluent in 8 months
-eminder in #ase you haven9t #ome a#ross it yet7
http)::www.memrise.#om:
/emrise has a ni#e set of pre-made memory te#hni&ues for basi# (and sometimes advan#ed)
vo#abulary for many languages$ and a great tool to learn to read #hara#ters in ;hinese:"apanese too.
*9ve used it a little for a #ouple of languages now and love it9s mini stories. Several suggestions are
given$ and you #an pi#2 the one you li2e best to use in future. +earning vo#ab is easier than you
thin2 <)
http)::www.memrise.#om:
!n t(e words o t(e
l!+ert!nes
5! l!$ed #y drea#s today, !
l!$ed t(e# yestoday, and
!,l +e l!$!ng t(e#
to#orrow, anyt(!ng #ore
to say65
%lle(andre %lencar ) says"
do you th!" th#t $#! %&#'! &!(%)h ! * +o!th,
learn english in * month possivel says"
number 1: you already speak it
number : the best way to get nati)e english is to read
many books in english
my students9 the best ones read lots of books9 the ones
who a)oid reading were stuck at a certain le)el
read a book in english u 3a read in portuguese to start
then pick some sub3ects you lo)e for new books
read 1# pages 3ust understand what you can
then learn some new words with your dictionary etc
after .# pages it becomes )ery easy to read
the best language program
i+ve seen recently
was recommended by ,im
-erris
he spea.s many languages and
is always offering tips for
better learning
http://duolingo.com
its %i.e an advanced version
of /01
Russ!an7Ara+!" 4ognates
t(ere !sn,t t(at #any "ognates !n t(ese languages t(at
are a#!l!ar to s&ea3ers o lat!n or ger#an!" languages
or t(e world language now engl!s(
(owe$er, t(ere,s st!ll so#e and you "an use t(e# to
(el& start learn!ng t(e languages w!t( so#et(!ng s!#!lar
as with most cognates9 you 3ust need to change
the short sounds and the long sounds of the
)owells
then you/ll speak well
for e0ample9 english words usually start with a
long sound :open sound; and end with a short
sound :closed sound;
latin languages are the opposite so you can
switch/turn around your )owells and you
pronounce better than most other language
learners
usually the ( is different between english and
other languages too
.nglish 2rabic <ssian
Cons : 3bstanti!os
A A
strategy -./.012345 ef]^fjgq
philosophy -6789 ig_\e\igq
energy daj]gq
D D
strategic :/.012345 ef]^fjghjelgc
energetic daj]ghabc
3 3
,a)e a look through a <panish dictionary for words beginning with the -rabic definite
article al will re)eal di)erse borrowings from -rabic in e)ery field from astronomy9
alchemy and algebra9 to cookery9 engineering and philosophy.
=alchemy is a good e0ample
spanish words from arabic
if you are learning spanish or arabic and you speak
the other language9 then this is a good place to start
you can hear the pronunciation differences9
translate sentences
look for what/s the same9 what/s different;
http://translate.google.com
a#eite 5m.6 oil
a#eituna oli!e
adobe 5m.6 adobe 5snTdried bric(6
aduana cstoms$ cstoms hose
a(edre= 5m.6 chess
'l> 5m.6 2llah 5gods6
ala#ena cpboard$ closet
ala#r>n 5m.6 scorpion
alba#ora albacore 5tna6
albaha#a basil
albari#o&ue 5m.6 apricot
alb?ndiga meatball
al#alde mayor
al#an#@a coin ban(
al#aparra caper
al#a#hofa articho(e$ sho&er head
al#oba bedroom
al#ohol 5m.6 alcohol
'l#or>n 5m.6 r'an 5Qoran6
aldea !illage
alfalfa al#al#a
alfiler 5m.6 pin
alfombra carpet
algod?n 5m.6 cotton
algoritmo
algorithm 5problemTsol!ing
method6
algua#il sheri##
alma#An 5m.6 store$ &arehose$ grocery
almana&ue 5m.6 almanac
alm@bar 5m.6 syrp
almirante admiral
almohada pillo&$ cshion
al&uiler 5m.6 rent
arre#ife 5m.6 ree#
arro= 5m.6 rice
atalaya &atchto&er 5#.6$ gard 5m.6
ataBd 5m.6 co##in$ cas(et
atBn 5m.6 tna
ayatol> 5m.6 ayatollah
a=afr>n 5m.6 sa##ron
a=ar 5m.6 al a-ar 9 at random
a=ote 5m.6 &hip
a=B#ar 5m. or #.6 sgar
barrio neighborhood
beren(ena eggplant
#afA 5m.6 co##ee
#alifa 5m.6 caliph
#ero -ero
#ifra
nmeral$ #igre$ amont$
sm
#imitarra scimitar
#u=#u= 5m.6 coscos
dado die 5pl. dice6
dinar 5m.6 dinar
fulano soTandTso
guitarra gitar
harAn 5m.6 harem
hasta ntil 5prep.6$ e!en 5ad!.6
ha=aCa #eat
im>n 5m.6 imam
islam 5m.6 "slam
(abal@ 5m.6 &ild boar
(a&ue 5m.6 chec( 5in chess6
(a&ue#a migraine
(arabe 5m.6 syrp
(inete 5m.6 horseman
(irafa gira##e
lima lime
lim?n 5m.6 lemon
marfil 5m.6 i!ory
m>s#ara mas(
mes&uita mos%e
momia mmmy
mono$ a mon(ey$ ape
naran(a orange
nenBfar 5m.6 &ater lily
Do(al>7 " hopeL$ ;od &illingL
ramad>n 5m.6 <amadan
rehAn hostage
rin#?n 5m.6 corner
sand@a &atermelon
sorbete 5m.6 sherbet
tal#o talc
tamarindo tamarind
tambor 5m.6 drm
tarea tas($ assignment
tarifa tari##$ rate
ta=a cp
toron(a grape#rit
tru(am>n interpreter or translator
=anahoria Carrot
#amisa camee-e
(tt&877www9s&an!s(&ronto9"o#7s&an!s(&ronto7ara+!"glossary9(t#l
a +etter l!st o :,;;;< ara+!" words !n s&an!s(
(tt&877en9w!3!&ed!a9org7w!3!7Ara+!"=language=!nluen"e=on=t(e=S&an!s(=language
>T(e !nluen"e o Ara+!" on t(e S&an!s( language !s unda#entally le%!"al +ut !ts ot(er
!nluen"es are also +r!ely e%a#!ned !n t(!s art!"le9 It !s est!#ated t(at t(ere are a+out one
t(ousand Ara+!" root words,?:@ ?A@ and anot(er t(ree t(ousand der!$ed or#s, or a total o
around our t(ousand words?:@ ?B@ ?C@ or DE?F@ o t(e S&an!s( d!"t!onary G t(e se"ond largest
le%!"al !nluen"e on S&an!s( ater Lat!nH
a&&arantly t(ese are t(e #ost "o##on words !n s&an!s( t(at "a#e ro# ara+!"
(tt&877www9s"r!+d9"o#7do"7DDCFF7A:7TERMINOSGARABESGENGESIANOL
TRMINOS DE ORIGEN RABE (MUY) UTILIZADOS EN ESPAOL
2 abadE abalorio abasE abencerra)e acebche acei#a aceite aceitna aceitnE acelga acNmila acea ace%ia
achacar acEbar acicalar acicate acimt adalid adarga adar!e adel#a adobe ado%En adana a)edre- a)orca
a)ar 2l> alacena alacr>n ala)J alambi%e alarde alarido ala->n albacea albahaca albaida albarda albarico%e
alberca albohol albMndiga alboronEa alboro-o albricias alb#era albr alcabala alcahete alcaide alcan>
alc>ndara alcan#or alc>ntara alcaparra alcara!>n alcarcho#a alcatra- alcadMn alca-aba alcoba alcohol alcor
2lcor>n alcot>n alca alc-a aldaba aldea alerce aleya al#>bega al#agara al#a)eme al#al#a al#an)e al#a%E
al#ayate al#Ni-ar al#ei%e al#Nre- al#il al#ombra al#or)a al#or-a algaida algarroba alga-ara >lgebra algodMn
algor#a algoritmo algacil alharaca alhelE alhea alhcema alicante alicate al)amEa al)ibe al)M#ar almacNn
almadNn almadraba almagra almana%e almarcha almenara almEbar almire- almohada almoneda almor>!ide
almd almNdano al%erEa al%e-ar al%iler al%imia al%itara altram- albia >mbar amNn ana%el
andorga anea aicos ail arabEa arg>n argolla arrabal arracada arr>e- array>n arreci#e arriate arroba arrope
arro- asesino atalaya ataJd atJn age a!erEa a-abache a-a#r>n a-ahar a-ar a-oge a-otea a-Jcar a-cena
a-#ai#a a-mbre
B babcha badana badNn baladE barda barrag>n barrio bat>n bedino bellota berNber beren)ena bodo%e
C cadE ca#N ca#t>n cali#a carca)ada carmesE casida cati#a ca-rro cene#a cerbatana cetE chaleco chiEsmo
chiri!Ea chpa ci#ra cimitarra coima corbacho cJrcma crdo$ c-c-
D dado darga d>rsena der!iche dinar dirhem di!>n
. eli*ir embelecar escabeche esca%e
, #alca #anega #a%ir #ardacho #ideo #ondac #lano
; gab>n gabela gacela g>libo gandl garismo gitarra grapas
: hachEs harNn ha-aa hNgira hola
" imam islam
/ )abalE )>cara )ae- )a%e )a%eca )arabe )araE- )arra )e%e )ergMn )eta )inete )ira#a )o#aina )oroba )dEa
0 laca latMn laJd leila limMn
? macabro madra-a magacNn mamelco mamola mandil mara!edE mar#il mar#- mar)al maroma marras
marro%E m>scara matraca meca me-%ita mihrab mEstico moharra momia mono morabito mo->rabe mladE
mslim C nabE n>car n>dir naran)a na-arE nenJ#ar noria nca
+ o)al> olN omeya otomano
%ilate %intal %iosco
< rabal r>bida ramad>n rebato recamar reca redoma rehNn res retama rincMn robo ronda
3 saharai sandEa sarraceno sera#En siroco solim>n sorbete s#E slt>n sra
7 tabi%e tagarino tahalE tahona tai#a talega tamarindo tambor taracea tarea tari#a tarima ta-a toron)a tnecE
trco
1 !ali)a !elme- !isir
4 yemenE
-a#Eo -aga -ag>n -ahorE -aida -aino -alea -alema -amacco -anahoria -arco -N)el -oco -o%ete -rrapa
Engl!s( Jords ro# Ara+!"
admiral T ami:r-al-bahr 'rler o# the seas' 5and other similar e*pressions6 T amara command
adobe T al-toba 'the bric('
albacore T al-bukr 'the yong camel'
alchemy T al-ki:mi:a: - #rom ;ree(
alcohol T al-koh''l 'the (ohl'
alco!e T al-qobbah '!alt' T qubba !alt
alembic T al-ambi:q 'the still' T #rom ;ree(
al#al#a T alfas,fas,ah '#odder'
algebra T al-jebr 'reintegration' T jabara renite
2lgol T al-ghu:l 'the ghol'
algorithm T al-Khowarazmi 'the 5man6 o# Qhi!a'
al(ali T al-qaliy 'cal*' T qalay #ry$ roast
2llah T allah$ #rom contraction o# al-ilah 'the god'
2lmagest T al-majisti T #rom ;ree(
almanac T 52ndalcian 2rabic6 al-mana:kh$ o# ncertain origin
amber T anbar 'ambergris'
antimony T al-!thmid 'antimony trislphide' T perhaps #rom ;ree(
apricot T al-burquq T #rom ;ree(
2rab T arab
arsenal - dar as,s,inaah 'hose o# ma(ing'$ i.e. '#actory' T s,anaa ma(e
articho(e T al-kharshu:f
assagai T az-zaghayah T #rom Berber
assassin T h'ashsha:shi:n 'hashish eaters'$ #rom the "smaili sectarians
attar T itr 'aroma'
ayatollah T 'ayatu-llah 'miraclos sign o# ;od'
a-imth T as-sumut 'the paths' see also -enith
a-re T al-lazward 'lapis la-li' T #rom Persian
barbi#an T 5possibly6 b"b-al-baqara 'gate &ith holes'
berda#he T 5possibly6 bardaj 'sla!e'
5etelgeuse T bi:t al-jauza:' 'sholder o# the ;iant'
be=oar T bazahr T #rom Persian
bint T bint 'daghter
bled T balad '!ast open contry'
borax T bu:raq T #rom Persian
bur2a T burqa
burnouse T burnus
#aliber T qali:b 'mold$ last' T
#ali#o T #aliqu:t 'Calict'$ city in "ndia
#aliph T khali:fah 'sccessor' T khalafa 'scceed'
#amise T qami:s 'shirt' T #rom 0atin
#amphor T ka:fu:r T #rom ?alay
#andy T short #or 'sgar candy'$ #rom sugar X qandi 'candied'$ #rom qand 'cane sgar' T #rom a Dra!idian
langage
#arat T qi:ra:t 'small &eight' T #rom ;ree(
#araway T alkarawya: T probably #rom ;ree(
#arafe T gharra:f T ghara#a 'dip'
#armine T qirmazi: 'crimson'
#arob T kharrubah
#asso#2 - kaza:ghand 'padded )ac(et' T #rom Persian
#he#2 T sha:h '(ing' T #rom Persian
#he#2mate T sha:h ma:t 'the (ing is dead'
#hemistry T see al#hemy
#hess T #rom +ld ,rench eschecs$ plral o# #he#2
#ipher T s,ifr 'empty'
#ivet T zaba:d
#offee T qahwah
;opt T quft T #rom ;ree(
#or2 T qu:rq
#otton T qutn
#ous#ous T kuskus T kaskasa pond$ brise
#rimson T qirmazi:$ related to the qirmiz$ the insect that pro!ided the dye
.eneb T danab al-jaja:ja 'tail o# the hen'
dhow T da:w
dinar T di:na:r T #rom ;ree(
dirham T dirham T #rom ;ree(
dragoman T tarjuma:n T tarjama interpret
drub T daraba 'beat'
dura mater T 0atin cal%e on umm al-ghali:dah 'hard mother'
efreet T 'ifri:t 'monster'
l ;id T al-Sayyid 'the lord'
elixir T al-iksi:r 'philosopher's stone' T #rom ;ree(
emir T ami:r T amara command
fa2ir T faqi:r 'poor man' T faqura be poor
fardel T fardah 'load'
Farsi T $a:rs 'Pars'$ a pro!ince o# "ran T #rom Persian
fatwa T fetwa - fata: instrct by a legal decision
fedayeen T fida:'iyi:n 'commandos' T fida: redemption
felafel T fala:fil
fellah T fella:h' 'hsbandman' T falah'a till
felu##a T fulk 'ship' T falaka be rond
Fomalhaut T fum u'l-haut 'moth o# the #ish'
garble T gharbala 'si#t' T perhaps #rom 0atin
ga=elle T ghaza:l
genie T jinni: 'spirit'
gerbil T yarbu:
ghoul T ghu:l 'demon' T gha:la ta(e sddenly
giraffe T zara:fa
hadith T h'adi:t 'tradition'
ha( T h'ajj 'pilgrimage' T h'ajja go on a pilgrimage
halal T h'ala:l 'la&#l'
halvah T h'alwa:
harem T h'aram 'prohibited$ set apart' T h'arama prohibit
hashish T h'ashi:sh 'dried herbs$ hemp'
ha=ard T y%sara 'play at dice'
hegira T hijrah 'departre' T hajara separate$ go
henna T h'enna:
Ee=bollah T &'izbulla:h 'party o# ;od'
hoo2ah T h'uqqah '&ater bottle 5throgh &hich smo(e is dra&n6'
houri T h'u:r al-ayu:n '&ith eyes li(e ga-elles' T h'awura ha!e eyes li(e ga-elles
imam T ima:m 'leader' T amma precede
*slam T isla:m 'sbmission' T aslama sbmit onesel#
(ar T jarrah 'large earthen !ase'
(asmine T ya:smi:n T #rom Persian
(inn T jinn 'spirits'$ plral o# genie
(ulep T jula:b 'rose &ater' T #rom Persian
Faaba T kabah 's%are hose'
2abob T kaba:b T #rom Persian
2affir T ka:fir 'in#idel' T kafara conceal$ deny
2effiyeh T kaffi:yah
2hamsin T khamsi:n '#i#ty 5days6'
2ismet T qisma 'portion$ lot' T qasama di!ide
2ohl T koh''l '(ohl' T kah'ala stain$ paint
Foran T qura:n 'recitation' T qaraa read
lila# T li:la:k T #rom Persian
lemon T laymu:n T #rom Persian
lime T li:mah 'citrs #rit'
loofah T lu:fah a plant &hose pods &ere sed as sponges
lute T al-u:d
ma#ramA T miqramah 'striped cloth'
maga=ine T makha:zin 'storehoses' T khazana store
/ahdi T mahdi:y 'one &ho is gided aright' T hada: lead
ma(lis T majlis 'concil'
man#ala T mank'ala T nak'ala mo!e
mar=ipan T mawthaba:n 'coin #eatring a seated #igre'
mas2 T perhaps maskhara 'b##oon' T sakhira ridicle
mattress T matrah 'place &here something is thro&n$ mat$ cshion' T tarah'a thro&
minaret T mana:rah - na:r #ire
mohair T mukhayyar 'choice 5goats'Thair cloth6' T khayyara select
monsoon T mausim 'season' T wasama mar(
mos&ue T masgid - sagada &orship
/o=arabi# T mustarib '&oldTbe 'rab9
mue==in T mu'adhdhin 'criers' T adhana proclaim
mufti T mufti: 'one &ho gi!es a fatwa'
mu(ahedeen - muja:hidi:n '#igher in a (ihad'
mullah T mawla: 'master'
mummy T mu:miya: 'embalmed body' T mu:m '5embalming6 &a*'
/uslim T muslim 'sbmitter' T aslama sbmit onesel#
muslin T (aus,il '?osl'
nadir T nadi:r as-samt 'opposite the -enith'
natron T natru:n T #rom ;ree(
ni=am T nidam 'go!ernment'
orange T na:ranj T #rom 3ans(rit
ottoman T uthma:n$ a proper name
pia mater T 0atin cal%e on umm raqi:qah 'tender mother'
popin(ay T babagha:
Primum /obile T 0atin cal%e on al-muh' arrik al-awwal 'the #irst mo!er'
ra#2et T r"h'et 'palm o# the hand' -amadan T )amada:n meaning perhaps 'the hot month' T ramata be
heated
realgar T rehj al-gha:r 'po&der o# the ca!e'
ream T rizmah 'bndle'
rebe# T reba:b
-igel T rijl '#oot 5o# +rion6'
ro# T rukh
roo2 T rukh T #rom Persian
-ubaiyyat T ruba:i:yah '%atrain'
safari T safari:y ')orney' T safara tra!el
saffron T zafara:n
Sahara T *ah'ra: 'desert'
sahib T *a:h'ib '#riend'
salaam T as-sala:m alaikum 'peace be on yo'
salu2i T salu:k'i: '#rom 3al2'
Sara#en T sharqi:yi:n 'easterners' T sha:raqa rise
sash T sha:sh 'mslin'
satin T probably zaytu:ni: 'o# ayt:n' 5a city in China6
s#arlet T siqilla:t '5cloth6 adorned &ith images' T #rom 0atin
se&uin T sikkah 'die #or coinma(ing'
Sharia T shari:a
shei2h T shaikh 'old man' T sha:kha gro& old
sherbet T sharbah T shariba drin(
Shiite T shiyai:y$ #rom shiya: '#ollo&ing$ sect' T shaa #ollo&
shrub |drin(} T shurb 'a drin(' T shariba drin(
sine T 0atin sinus, mistranslation o# jayb 'chord o# an arc$ sine'$ throgh con#sion &ith jayb '#old o# a
garment'
siro##o T sharq 'east 5&ind6' T sha:raqa rise
sofa T s,uffah 'raised dais &ith cshions'
sou2 T su:k' 'mar(etplace'
spina#h T isfa:na:kh
Sufi T *u:fi: 'man o# &ool'
sugar T sukkar T #rom 3ans(rit
sultan T sulta:n 'so!ereign'
suma# T summa:q
Sunni T sunni: 'la&#l'$ #rom sunna:h 'rle$ corse'
sura T su:rah
syrup T shara:b 'be!erage' T shariba drin(
tabbouleh T tabbu:la
tabby T atta:biy$ a neighborhood in Baghdad &here ta##eta &as made
tahini T T tah'ana crsh
Taliban T talib 'stdent' T talaba stdy
talisman T tilsam T #rom ;ree(
tamarind T tamr-hindi: 'date o# "ndia'
tambourine T a small tambor$ #rom tanbu:r T #rom Persian
tandoori T tannu:r 'o!en'
tarboosh T tarbu:sh
tare |&eight} T tarh'ah 're)ected' T tarah'a re)ect
tariff T tari:f 'noti#ication' T arafa noti#y
tarragon T tarkhu:n T possibly #rom ;ree(
tell |mond} T tall 'hilloc('
u(amaa T jama: 'commnity'
ulema T ulima: 'the learned ones' T alama (no&
,ega T al-nasr al-wa:qi 'the #alling !ltre'
vi=ier T wazi:r 'porter$ pblic ser!ant' T wazara carry
wadi T wa:di:
Ga&f T waqf 'religios #ondation'
wisdom tooth T #rom a 0atin cal%e on adra:su 'l h'ikmi T cal%ed #rom ;ree(
=enith T samt 'path'
=ero T s,ifr 'empty'
So#e words are +orrowed d!re"tly ro# Ara+!"K +ut #ost o t(ese words (a$e ta3en t(e
s"en!" route, t(roug( S&an!s(, Ital!an, and7or Lren"(K or t(roug( Tur3!s(, Iers!an, or MrduK
or t(roug( He+rew or Lat!n9 T(!s &rodu"es a good deal o &(onolog!"al deor#at!onK as does
t(e d!ale"t $ar!at!on w!t(!n Ara+!"
(tt&877www9.o#&!st9"o#7ara+!"9(t#l
http)::en.wi2ipedia.org:wi2i:;ognate
3ometimes a cognate is in e!ery langage as yo can see...
;ognates a#ross languages
.*amples o# cognates in "ndoT.ropean langages are the &ords night 5.nglish6$ nuit 5,rench6$ +acht
5;erman6$ nacht 5Dtch6$ nag 52#ri(aans6$ nicht 53cots6$ natt 53&edish$ Cor&egian6$ nat 5Danish6$ n%tt
5,aroese6$ n,tt 5"celandic6$ noc 5C-ech$ 3lo!a($ Polish6$ a\h`$ noch 5<ssian6$ a\$ no- 5?acedonian6$ a\$
nosht 5Blgarian6$ ./0$ nich 58(rainian6$ .10$ noch/no2 5Belarsian6$ no2 53lo!ene6$ no- 5Croatian6$ $
ny3 52ncient ;ree($ 45678/nychta in ?odern ;ree(6$ no3 50atin6$ nakt- 53ans(rit6$ nat9 52lbanian6$ noche
53panish6$ nos 5Welsh6$ nueche 52strian6$ noite 5Portgese and ;alician6$ notte 5"talian6$ nit 5Catalan6$
noa:te 5<omanian6$ nakts 50at!ian6 and naktis 50ithanian6$ all meaning night and deri!ed #rom the
ProtoT"ndoT.ropean 5P".6 nM( ts ' $ night.
0earn to 0isten to a 0angage in D months
the most e##ecti!e &ay i'!e #ond to learn listening is &ith slo& adio
A. read the te*t$ #ind ne& &ords
D. read and listen together
3. listen to the adio later that day or a#ter A day
F. increase the speed o# the adio
5most media players ha!e a speed setting$ change A.0* to A.G* #or e*ample6
G. do this #or abot D months and yo'll ha!e 80R listening
#ortnately there is an ama-ing ser!ice #or #rench
http://ne&sinslo&#rench.com
spanish
http://&&&.ne&sinslo&spanish.com/
ha!en't sed this yet$ " assme its good
&&&. newsinslow english.com/
ne&sinslo&german
http://&&&.d&.de/detschTlernen/nachrichten/sT8030
Slow 3erman i7nes ,ree T ,eed T Web 3ite
2nni( <bens reads slo&ly and clearly #rom parts o# her poplar program$ 3leepless in ?nich
53cha#los in ?nchen6.
%ews in Slow ;hinese i7nes ,ree { Web 3ite
Designed #or intermediate ?andarin spea(ers. "mpro!e yor langage s(ills by listening to &orld
ne&s deli!ered in slo&ly spo(en &ords.
"'m loo(ing #or a Yne&s in slo& polish &ebsite$ send it to
perry7770Whotmail.co.( i# yo #ind it$ i'll credit yo in the ne*t edition
than(s
&arallel te%ts
or e%"ellent $o"a+ulary
one o t(e ways I use to +u!ld $o"u+ulary8 read &arallel te%ts
also 3nown as dual language +oo3s
you "an !nd t(e# at we+s!tes L!3e t(!s (tt&877www9lonwe+9org7
#ost +oo3 s(o&s (a$e &arallel te%t +oo3s
!n t(e u3 t(ey are #ade +y >&engu!nH and (a$e na#es L!3e
>&arallel te%t8 ren"(, s(ort stor!es 8 nou$elles ran"a!sesH
t(ese are a$a!la+le or t(e #ost &o&ular languages !n e$ery +oo3 s(o&
(tt&877www9a#a.on9"o9u37s7reNn+=s+=noss6urlNsear"(Gal!as
EBDa&sO!eldG3eywordsN&arallel<te%ts
+r!an tra"y on"e sa!d >! learned C or F languages, +e"ause I just
learned A or B words e$eryday, t(at,s !tH
BPF days % B words N t(!s !s a good way to learn a language N2
Ro#an!an8 T(e Lat!n and Sla$!" Language
"erta!n languages are 3ey languages, t(at "an lead to you 3now!ng
#any ot(ers, and eas!er learn!ng later
or e%a#&le, ger#an "an lead to you 3now!ng 7;E o dut"(
B;E o B ot(er languages
and 3now!ng at least :,;;; words !n engl!s(
Qt(us ger#an #ay +e wort( learn!ng e$en ! you 3now no ger#ans
ro#an!an (as words and stru"ture ro# lat!n languages
1ren"(7s&an!s(7!tal!an2
and ro# sla$!" languages
t(!s art!"le g!$es a #ore deta!ls
(tt&877www9!nternet&olyglot9"o#7+log7ro#an!anGaGstrangeG&resen"eG
a#ongGeasternGeuro&eanGlanguages7
>T(e strongest !nluen"e on t(e Ro#an!an language was t(at o Sla$!"
languages, due to t(e Sla$!" tr!+es #!grat!ng t(roug( t(e "ountry
dur!ng t(e M!ddle Ages9 Al#ost A;E o all t(e words !n Ro#an!an are
o Sla$!" or!g!nsH
>Su"( +as!" words as a !u+! 1to lo$e2, ne$o!e 1need2, &r!eten 1r!end2
and glas 1$o!"e2 are o Sla$!" or!g!ns9H
>T(!s +roug(t !n a ser!es o Ger#an words, w(!"( later e%tended to
t(e w(ole "ountry9 Su"( words !n"lude Run"S 1(a#2, #a!stru 1#aster2,
turn 1tower2, and #any ot(ers9 Ger#an (as (ad an !nluen"e on t(e
Ro#an!an language later on too, w!t( t(e +orrow!ng o #any s"!ent!!"
ter#s !nto e$eryday $o"a+ularyH
ro# answers9ya(oo9"o#
(tt&877answers9ya(oo9"o#7Tuest!on7!nde%6
T!dNA;;U;7:A:D:PAAAAsCjRP
good answer N2
Jould learn!ng Ro#an!an +e a good start or t(e Sla$!" languages6
" (no& it isn't 3la!ic.
F years ago
'dditional .etails
0et me clari#y: since " (no& ,rench$ 3panish$ and "talian$ &old learning <omanian ease me into the 3la!ic
langagesZ 7han(s.
F years ago
ssss
5est 'nswer - ;hosen by 's2er
"# yo (no& .nglish$ easing into 3la!ic$ as #ar as &ords isn't complicated. ?any 3la!ic &ords are similar to
.nglish or ;erman$ bt sond a little di##erent$ and &hen #orming sentences$ its the same &ay$ bt thats
&here similarities stop.
"n some otside langages 52sian6 yo &old say.
"n my car$ ble$ later #or a dri!e go &e.
Cot so in 3la!ic$ it #ollo&s the same rle as .nglish 5same se%ence6
.nglish.
" ha!e a brother and a sister.
?y brother is se!en$ and my sister is t&o years old
Day is snny.
Cight is clear.
0ets go eat.
3la!ic:
4a imam brata i sestr.
?oy brat )e sedam$ a moya sestra ima d&e godine.
Dan ye sncan.
Coch ye !edra.
"demo esti.
"94a$Brat9Brother$ ?y9?oy$ 3estra9sister$
CightTCoch$ .atT.st$ 7&o9D&e$ yearsTgodine$ snnyTsncan$ clearT!edar$ Day9Dan
3o the ans&er is no. 4o &old be better o## learning maybe ;erman$ and then go to Polish. <ssian and
3erb &old come last de to cyrilic &riting.
+anguage sample
.nglish te*t:
2ll hman beings are born #ree and e%al in dignity and rights. 7hey are endo&ed &ith reason and
conscience and shold act to&ards one another in a spirit o# brotherhood.
;<niversal =eclaration of &uman )ights>
<omanian T highlighted &ords &ere directly deri!ed #rom 0atin:
Toate fiin ele mane se nas# libere i egale Hn demnitate i Hn drepturi. le sunt Hn=estrate #u
ra ine i con tiin s i trebie sI se comporte unele fa I de altele Hn spiritl #raternits ii.
Contemporary <omanian T highlighted &ords are ,rench or "talian loan&ords:
7oate #iin ele umane se nasc libere i egale n demnitate i n dreptri. .le snt n-estrate c
ra iune i #on tiin I i trebie ss se #omporte nele #a s de altele n spiritul fraternitI ii .
<omanian$ e*clding ,rench and "talian loan&ords T highlighted &ords are 3la!ic loan&ords:
7oate #iin ele omene ti se nasc slobode i deopotrivI n destoini#ie i n dreptri. .le snt n-estrate
c n elegere i cget i trebuie ss se poarte nele #a s de altele n duh de #rs ietate.
<omanian$ e*clding loan&ords:
7oate #iin ele omene ti se nasc nespse i asemenea n pre ire i n dreptri. .le snt n-estrate c
n elegere i cget i se c!ine ss se poarte nele #a s de altele dps #irea #rs iei.
http",,en-wikipedia-org,wiki,.omanian/language0+anguage/sa
mple
ger#an words !n ro#an!an8 sour"e w!3!&ed!a
Ger#an8 "arto V Wartoel 5&otato5, +ere V B!er 5+eer5, uru+ V S"(rau+e
5s"rew5, turn V Tur# 5tower5, ra#S V Ra(#en 5ra#e5, #u t!u" V MundstX"3
5#out( &!e"e5, +or#a !nS V Bo(r#as"(!ne 5dr!ll!ng #a"(!ne5, "re# n!t V
Wre#s"(n!tte 5"rea# sl!"e5, $a! er V S"(we!.er 5Sw!ss "(eese5, le& V
S"(le&&3a(n 5+arge5, &r! V S&r!t.er 5w!ne w!t( soda water5, a+ !+!ld V
A+.!e(+!ld 5de"al &!"ture5, n! el V S"(n!t.el 5"utlet5, un"S V d!ale"tal S"(un3e
1S"(!n3en2 5(a#5, &un"t V Iun3t 5&o!nt5, #a!stru V Me!ster 5#aster5, rundS V
Runde 5round59 Dur!ng t(e Austr!an ad#!n!strat!on !n Banat, Transyl$an!a, and
Bu3o$!na, a large nu#+er o words were +orrowed ro# Austr!an Ger#an, !n
&art!"ular !n !elds su"( as t(e #!l!tary, ad#!n!strat!on, so"!al welare,
e"ono#y, et"9?PA@ Later on Ger#an ter#s (a$e +een ta3en out o s"!en"e and
te"(n!"s, l!3e8 !nS V S"(!ene 5ra!l5, t!t V St!t 5&eg5, l! S V L!t.e 5+ra!d5,
!ndr!lS V S"(!ndel 5s(!ngle5, tan S V Stan.e 5&un"(5, a!+S V S"(e!+e 5was(er5,
tangS V Stange 5"ross+ar5, !glS V Y!egel 5t!le5, #!rg(el V S"(#!rgel&a&!er
5e#ery &a&er5 et al9
Ro#an!an News&a&ers Onl!ne
www9d!as&oraro9"o#
(tt&877www9ro#an!9"o9u3
(tt&877www9onl!nenews&a&ers9"o#7ro#an!a9(t#
a good s!te or news&a&ers
all languages
language #a&s
learn t(e languages !n t(ese seTuen"es and you #ay learn #ore
languages, &ro+a+ly eas!er, w!t( #ore $o"u+ulary
Q s&an!s(7ren"(7!tal!an
:
st
ro#an!an
Qsla$!" languages
Qara+!"
:
st
ren"(
Q!tal!an
Qara+!"
:
st
s&an!s(
Q&ortuguese
Qdut"(
:
st
ger#an
Qengl!s(
http://mylanguages.org
=materials for many
languages
some links in portuguese
to language learning
courses
russian learning in portuguese
http://aprender-russo-
online.blogspot.com.br/
italian online
http://www.italianonaweb.com.br/
basic chinese
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/foreig
n-languages-and-literatures/1f-
1#1-chinese-i-regular-spring-
##!/
)ideos
swahili
http://www.youtube.com/watch>
)5"%1f?@0.pa8
italian )ideos
http://www.youtube.com/user/marco
nisida/)ideos
podcasts
http://www.learn-romanian-
magaAine.net/lessons/podcast
)ery interesting
http://ikindalikelanguages.com/bl
og/how-i-learned-portuguese-in-5-
months/
8 figured 8 needed to go and find some
'ortuguese. <o 8 did. ,ere is a tip for
you: try parks. 8 would 3ust go to calm
places like parks and attempt to strike up
con)ersations with people to be able to
practice
Talking about reading9 that wasnBt the only
reading 8 would do. 8 also read newspapers.
8 tried to. 8 would always try to get
myself of copy of these free newspapers and
read at least some of it. 8 wouldnBt read
e)erything but 8 would read small articles
that 8 found interesting and that 8 could
at least partially understand. 8 ne)er used
a dictionary. -lmost ne)er.
speaking helps
:nati)e speakers donBt usually correct
pronunciation as long as they understand
it: 8 find that to be e0tremely true;
http://ikindalikelanguages.com/inde0.php
=introductory courses

from the book Chow 8 learn languages Dato LombE
,umans became giants because9 among other things9 they
learned how to work with their hands. Therefore9 it is
no
wonder that the richest group of words in all languages
comes from the word hand . -ccording to a 7erman scholar9
each and e)ery )ariant of human acti)ity can be e0pressed
with the deri)ations of this single word. 8 ha)enBt checked to
see if this is so9 but in @rench at least9 a bunch can be
collected from it :@r: main ;.
abolition :manumission;
affected :maniFrF;
begging :manche;
crank :mani)elle;
cuff :manchette;
demonstration :manifestation;
demonstrator :manifestant;
to emancipate :Fmanciper;
handcuffs :menottes;
handle :manche;
to handle :manier;
handling :manutention;
horse training :manGge;
to maintain :maintenir;
mandate :mandat;
manifesto :manifeste;
manipulation :manipulation;
manual :manuel;
manual labor/er :main-dBHu)re;
manufacture :manufacture;
manuscript :manuscrit;
muff :manchon;
now :maintenant;
one-armed man :manchot;
operator :manipulant;
to rework :remanier;
slee)e :manche;
slo)enly :dFmanchF;
to transfer :mandater;
way9 manner :maniGre;
etc

7reek +ognates
for practically e)ery language
7reek words are in many languages9 so its a good list to help you
learn " languages9 de)elop your )ocabulary9 impress your friends
:they/ll say Cdo you speak my language>I>IE
the list is in english9 8 don/t speak greek
or the book would be called Learn " languages J greek
polish and french are unrelated languages and thus make a good
study
-
academy
polish
-kademia
french
-cademie
achronous
acoustic
acropolis
aerodynamic
agamic
agamogenesis
agape
aclinic
aesthetics
aesthetition
aerospace
agnostic
agora
allegory
allergy
alpha
aluminum
amphictyony
amphora
anachronism
analysis
analyAe
angel
angioplasty
anomy
anore0ia
anthropology
apocalypse
apocalyptic
apogee
apologetic
apologiAe
apology
apople0y
apostate
apostolic
apostrophe
apothecaries
apothegm
apotheosis
akustycAny...
wole na gitarAe
akustycAne3
estetyka
alegoria
alfa
aluminium nada3e sie
do recyklingu
analiAa
aniol
3estem aniolem
anoreks3a
3estes anorektycAka
antropologia
lubie antropologie
acousti4ue...
3e prefere une
guitare acousti4ue
estheti4ue
allegorie
alpha
l/aluminum est
recyclable
analyse
ange
3e suis un ange
anore0ie
)ous etes anore0i4ue
anthropologie
3/aime anthropologie
archaeology
archangel
architect
archon
argon
aristocracy
arithmetic
aroma
aromatherapy
aromatic
arsenic
arthritis
asbestos
ascetic
asteroid
asthma
astigmatism
astrology
astronaut
astronomer
asylum
atheism
atheos
atherosclerosis
athlete
athletic
athletic
atom
atomic
authentic
auto
automatic
autonomous
autopsy
a0iom
$
bacteria
barium
basic
beta
biblical
bibliography
architekt
ucAylem sie w college
/u9 architekt
arystokrac3a
asteroida
astrologia
cAy wierAysA w
astrologie>
ateiAm
atleta
atom
autentycAny
automatycAny
chce wiece3
automatycAne dochodow
archietecte
3/ai etudie pour
de)enir architecte au
college
aristocratie
asteroide
astrolgie
croyeA )ous en
l/astrologie>
athFisme
athlGte
atome
authenti4ue
automati4ue
3e )eu0 re)enu plus
automati4ue
de base
bibliotheca
biology
bios
+
cacophony
cadmium
cardiac
catalysis
catastrophe
chaos
character
characteristic
chi
chlorine
chromium
chronic
chronogram
chronology
chrysostomous
clinical
comedy
cosmonaut
cosmopolis
cosmopolitan
critical
*
decagon
decameter
delta
democracy
8 lo)e democracy
demon
diagnosis
diagram
dialect
dialogue
dialysis
diameter
diaphanous
didymous
dilemma
its a dilemma
diabolic
diachronic
diachonal
diagonal
i/mtherealman
kocham demokrac3e
3ego dylemat
3/aime la democratie
c/est un dilemme
diakinisis
dialect
dialysis
diamond
diaphony
diaphonos
diastasis
diathesis
dogma
dogmatic
do0ology
drama
what dramaI
dramatic
dynamic
dysle0ia
&
eccentric
ecclesia
ecclesiastic
eclipse
eclipses
economic
economical
economy
ecumenical
elastic
electric
electrolysis
electron
elephant
elephantiasis
ellipses
ellipsis
emphasis
emphasiAe
encephalic
encephalon
endocarditis
endocardium
endodermis
endometriosis
energy
enthusiasm
ephemeral
epidermis
co dramatI
ekonomia 3est bardAo
interesu3ace
4uel drameI
epigram
epileptic
epilog
epiphany
episode
epitome
epoch
eponym
epsilon
ergon
ergonomics
esophagus
ethnic
ethos
eugenic
eulogiAe
euphoric
euro
&urope
euroAone
e)angelic
e0eli0is
@
fantastic
fantasy
7
gamma
gastronomic
geography
geometry
geopolitics
grammatical
grammar
8 don/t like grammar
gymnasium
gymnastics
,
harmoniAation
harmoniAe
harmony the song has
beautiful harmonies
helium
,ellenic
3estem fantastycAna
nie lubie gramatyki
piosenka ma piekne
harmonie>
Ke n/aime le
grammaire
La chanson a de
belles harmonies
%on herosI
heptagon
heptathlon
hernia
hero
heroic
heterogeneous
heterose0ual
he0agon
hierarchy
history
homeopathy
homo
homogeneous
homologous
homonym
homose0ual
horiAon
hormone
horologe
horoscope
do you read the
horoscopes>
horticulture
hyacinth
hydrant
hydraulic
hydrocephalus
hydrogen
hydrolysis
hydroplane
hydropower
hydrotherapy
hyena
hymn
hyperbola
hyperbolic
hypnosis
ha)e you done
hypnosis before>
hypnotiAe
hypnotiAe
hypochondria
hypocrisy
hypocrite
hypocritical
hypodermic
hypotenuse
cAytasA horoskopy>
Arobiles hipnoAy
wcAesnie3>
LiseA )ous les
horoscopes>
-)eA-)ous fait
l/hypnose a)ant>
hypothecate
hypothecation
hypothesis
hypothetical
hysteria
hysterical
hysterics
8
idea
idiom
idiosyncrasy
idiot
iota
D
kappa
karyoplasm
karyotype
kenos
kilometer
kinetic
krypton
L
lamda
le0icon
lithium
lithography
lithology
logic
logical
logion
logistics
%
macroeconomics
magic
magnesium
mathematics
mechanic
mechanical
medal
do you want a medal>
%ega
megaphone
melancholic
melancholy
magia
chcesA medal>
%o3a nowa praca
magie
)ouleA )ous une
medaille>
melanoma
melodic
melody
metabolic
metal
metallic
metastasis
metathesis
metempsychosis
meteor
meteorology
meter
method
metropolis
micro
microbe
microbiology
microeconomics
microsurgery
misanthropy
molybdenum
monarch
monogram
monologue
moron
mysterious
mystery
L
necrophilia
necropolis
necropsy
neuro
neuropsychiatry
neurotic
nitrogen
nomadic
numismatic
M
octagon
oligarchy
Mlympic
omega
omicron
onomastic
optic
organiAation
ortho
orgasm
orgy
ornithology
orthodontist
orthodo0
osmium
osmosis
o0ygen
'
palestra
pantheon
pancreas
parado0
parallel
paralysis
pathetic
pathology
pathos
patriarch
patriot
pentagon
pentathlon
perimeter
period
periodical
periphery
periscope
peritonitis
pessimism
pessimistic
pharmacist
pharmacy
phase
phenomenal
phenomenon
phi
philanthropy
philatelic
philosopher
philosophy
phobia
phonic
phonograph
phosphorus
photo
photograph
photography
photometer
photon
photophobia
photosynthesis
physics
plasma
plastic
platonic
pleonasm
plethora
pleura
pleurisy
pneumatic
pneumonia
pneumonic
podiatry
poem
poetic
polemic
police
policy
polis
politic
political
politician
polyandry
polygamy
polygon
polygraph
polyhedron
polymorphous
polyp
polytechnic
polytheism
polytheist
'otassium
practical
practice
practitioner
pra0is
problem
prognostic
program
prologue
prolong
prophesy
prophylactic
prophyla0is
proselyte
proselyte
proselytiAe
prosthesis
protagonists
prothesis
prototype
psi
psyche
psychiatry
psychiatry
psychoanalysis
psychopath
pulmonary
pulmonic
pyramid
pyretic
pyromania
pyrotechnic
python
py0
(
rhapsodist
rhapsody
rhinitis
rhodium
<
satan
satanic
satire
scene
scenic
schematic
scheme
schism
school
seismic
seismology
selenium
sigma
skeptic
sophia
sophisticated
sophomore
stoma
stomach
strategic
sycophant
symmetric
sympatric
symposia
symptom
3estem bardAo
strategicAne
synagogue
synagonise
synchronous
synergy
synod
synopsis
synthesis
synthesiAe
T
talent
you are )ery talented
ta0is
techni4ue
technology
telegraph
telepathy
telephone
telephonic
telephony
telephotography
telescope
tele)ision
telic
theater
theatrics
theocracy
theocratic
theologian
theology
theophany
theorist
theoriAe
theory
theos
therapeutic
therapy
thermal
thermometer
thermos
thermostat
thesaurus
thesis
theta
titanium
trigonometry
trophy
N
3estes bardAo
utalentowany
3estes bardAo
utalentowany
to mo3a teoria
kocham kamiAelki 8
skarpetki termicAne
Oous etes tres
talentueu0
uranium
uranus
urology
P
0enon
0enophobia
0ylograph
0ylophone
0yloid
Q
Aealot
Aeta
Aoe
Aone
Aoo
Aoography
Aoolatry
Aoological
Aoologist
Aoology
Aaslugu3esA trofeum
uran 3est dobra
inwestyc3a
Lew %ar)ellous %ethod
i/m testing a new method...
use a te0t analyser to find the most common words in your fa)orite
foreign site...
using an analyser like this:
http://www.online-utility.org/te0t/analyAer.3sp
then study the most common phrases...
and words
number of nati)e speakers for each language...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List?of?languages?by?number?of?nati)
e?speakers
=useful to look at for moti)ation
http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/8&?%ain.?<anskrit.html
The Sanskrit Connection: Keeping Up With the
Joneses
The dis#overy of *ndo-uropean first started with a 5ritish (udge named
"ones who was stationed in *ndia in !JKL. "ones$ a bright fellow with
#lassi#al training in 3ree2 and +atin$ had determined to master the an#ient
Sans2rit tongue. Ee wanted to brush up on native *ndian law #odes--many
of whi#h were written in Sans2rit s#ript--before administering 5ritish law in
the region.
"ones was sho#2ed to dis#over a regular pattern of similarities between
an#ient Sans2rit words and an#ient words in #lassi#al Gestern languages.
Eere are some examples)
/eaning) Sans2rit +atin)
MthreeM trayas tres
MsevenM sa:ta se:tem
MeightM ashta octo
MnineM nava novem
Msna2eM sar:a ser:ens
M2ingM raja regem
MgodM devas divus 5di!ine6
1ther Sans2rit words were similar to 3ree2 terms. For instan#e$ the 3ree2
word trias (MthreeM) is #lose to trayas and tres in the #hart above. The 3ree2
word pente (MfiveM) is #lose to Sans2rit panca (MfiveM)$ and so on. "ones
began systemati#ally #harting the similarities$ finding literally thousands of
su#h parallels between Sans2rit$ 3ree2$ and +atin. Ee presented his
findings on February 2nd$ !JKN$ to the M'siati#2 So#iety in ;al#utta.M Ee
de#lared boldly that Sans2rit had
. . . a stronger affinity than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong, indeed,
that no philologer could examine them all three without believing them to have sprung from some
common source, which perhaps no longer exists.
Ghat "ones had un#overed$ without reali=ing it initially$ was the existen#e of
a lost mother tongue$ what s#holars #all prt-Ind-Eurpean--a single$
an#ient$ prehistori# language that led to the development of many languages
in urope$ *ndia$ -ussia$ and the /iddle ast. *t re&uired nearly ninety
years of #omparative linguisti#s to fill in all the gaps.
5efore "ones$ earlier s#holars had long ago noted that many languages
shared su#h similarities. *t was no news$ for instan#e$ that -oman#e
languages shared cognates with ea#h other. Spanish ca!a"" (horse) was a
#ognate for Portuguese ca!a" (horse)$ *talian ca!a"" (horse)$ ProvenOal
cava" (horse)$ Fren#h c#eva" (horse)$ and nglish cava"ry (horse-riding
troops). S#holars had long 2nown that all these words ultimately #ame from
the vulgar +atin term ca!a""us (horse)$ and that Fren#h and Spanish and
other -oman#e languages had developed from -oman provin#ial spee#h--
with some voi#ed :v:9s #hanging to unvoi#ed :b:9s$ or some hard velar stops
(:2: sounds) #hanging to aspirated P#hQ9s. +i2ewise$ 3ermani# languages
li2e +ow and Eigh 3erman$ Frisian$ .ut#h$ Swedish$ and %orse shared
many #ognates with ea#h other in mu#h the same way$ tra#ing their origins
ba#2 to a proto-3ermani# tongue in prehistori# times.
Ghat astonished linguists was that Sans2rit had #ognates to more than (ust
+atin and 3ree2 words. Philologists found that .ut#h$ 3erman$ 1ld %orse$
3othi#$ 1ld Slavi#$ and 1ld *rish had similar patterns of words with
Sans2rit. These #ognates had a related meaning and they also sounded
similar to ea#h other either in terms of vowels or #onsonants (or both7). For
instan#e$ #onsider the words for MfatherM and MbrotherM in a variety of
*ndo-uropean languages)
MfatherM MbrotherM
pitar 53ans(rit6
pater 50atin6
pater 5;ree(6
padre 53panish6
pere 5,rench6
$at#er 5.nglish6
$adar 5;othic6
$a%ir 5+ld Corse6
vader 5;erman6
at#ir 5+ld "rishTT&ith loss o# original
consonant6
!#ratar 53ans(rit6
$rater 50atin6
p#rater 5;ree(6
$rere 5,rench6
!rt#er 5?odern .nglish6
!rt#r 53a*on6
!ruder 5;erman6
!reder 5Dtch6
!ratu 5+ld 3la!ic6
!rat#air 5+ld "rish6
*t9s hard to es#ape the #on#lusion that these words must have #ome from a
#ommon sour#e--espe#ially if you #hart the words out on a map of where
ea#h language is spo2en. *n the #ase of the words for $at#er$ a linguist #an
almost visually see the unvoi#ed :t: sounds #hanging to voi#ed :d: sounds as
people migrated westward a#ross the map$ and then these letters #hanging
to PthQ as they moved north through urope along the 3ermani# bran#h.
*n the #ase of the words for !rt#er$ the same sort of linguisti# #hange is
o##urring with unvoi#ed :t: and voi#ed :d: sounds$ but another pattern is
happening simultaneously with voi#ed :b: and unvoi#ed :p: sounds. /ultiply
the examples above for a few thousand other words$ and the eviden#e loo2s
fairly air-tight.
'll that remained for s#holars to do was (!) to tra#e what rules governed
these #hanges linguisti#ally--a tas2 ta2en up by /a(ob ;rimm and later Farl
,erner$ and (2) to re#onstru#t as far as possible what this original language
must have sounded li2e and how it fun#tioned. This is tri#2y$ given that
proto-*ndo-uropean is a prehistori# language existing before the written
word$ but not impossible given the wealth of linguisti# information we #an
garner from surviving languages today. (To be #ontinued...)
R &td. page 2J of -obert ;laiborne9s Our Marve"us En&"is# Tn&ue' T#e
Li$e and Ti(es $ t#e En&"is# Lan&ua&e. %ew 4or2) Times 5oo2s$ !SK8.
chinese language pack
http://bykiweb.byki.com:R#R#/bykiweb/fontdownloader>
arch5win3Slang5%-L*-(8L
(ead no)els or webpages9 translate the words you don/t know9 and
supercharge your )ocabulary with fun flashcards
<uccessful language learners lo)e reading9 and (eadlang makes it
easier than e)er before. 'ut away your dictionary and gi)e it a
try9 you/ll be surprised how en3oyable reading in a foreign
language can be

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