CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Abstract
Leptospirosis was first isolated in the Philippines from one of the human cases of Weil's Disease in 1932 and from then up to 1970 a total of 65 cases were studied sporadically. From 1971 up to 1973 a total of 390 cases were studied out of which 82 (21.02%) were found positive by isolation and serological examination. An outbreak of leptospirosis was followed up from 1976 to 1983 in a penal farm in Sablayan, Mindoro. At the time of the outbreak, 31% of the sera from patients and those with complaints reacted to one or more antigen pools with 40% of these reactors reacting to only one antigen pool. Only one percent of prisoners and residents without complaints reacted to one or more antigen pools, with 80% of these reactors reacting to pool 3 alone. Three and half years later, a first follow-up was done in which 9.07% reacted to one or more pools. Of these, 42% reacted to pool 2 and 82% to pool 3 alone or in combination with other pool. Ninety five percent of those reacting to Pool 2 reacted to L. pyrogenes and 88% of those that reacted to Pool 3 reacted to L. autumnalis. More than three years later after the first follow-up, a second follow up was done. This time 2.29% reacted to one or more pools. Most reacted specifically to L. autumnalis. The residents outside the penal farm were all non-reactive. Sampling from another penal colony and in four agricultural areas revealed no significant reactivity. SOURCE: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738610

Leptospirosis recognized in Zamboanga Leptospirosis Case 4 was confirmed dead and 20 people are still hospitalized in Sibuco in Zamboanga del Norte last week. Health authorities were unable to detect the first outbreak, because it is unusual symptoms. DOH Assistant Secretary of State, Dr. Eric Tayag has sent a research team at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) and Sibuco to identify the spread of the disease and studies have been reviewed by leptospirosis. Asec. Tayag said it is raining in Sibuco a couple of weeks, not live animals. While the disease has become the urine of animals, mostly mice, and mixes with the rain is a flood, people can not connect.

During the press conference, Asec. Tayag added that it is still curable, but if not detected earlier, it can affect the liver and kidneys, which can be fatal. Nationally, there were 521 cases of leptospirosis between January and May 2011, the Ministry of Health. He advised people not to swim in flood waters and if they do not feel good immediately to the nearest health centers and hospitals of medicines. SOURCE: http://www.livemag.eu/leptospirosis-recognized-in-zamboanga/