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FORCES AND MOTION

1.

b. Elastic potential energy =

Average speed = v= s t

Total distance travelled Time taken s s t= s = vt v t v

1 1 Fx = kx 2 2 2

c. Charles' law

V1 V2 = T1 T2

2. Acceleration, a = v u t 3. a. c.

FORCES AND PRESSURE m 12. a. Density , = m V V b. Mass, m = V m c. Volume, V =

LIGHT
F p A 23. Focal length of curved mirror, f = 24. a. Refractive index, n =

v = u + at
1 s = ut + at 2 2

u +v b. s = t 2
d.

r 2

13. a. Pressure, p =

v 2 = u 2 + 2as

14. Pressure in a liquid, p = hg 15. Archimedes' Principle

Buoyant force = weight of liquid displaced =

F A

b. Force, F = pA

sin i sin r 1 b. Refractive index, n = sin c

c. Refractive index, n =

e. Average speed = 4.

Momentum = mv

u+v 2

Vg

5. a. b. 6. a.

Change of momentum = mv mu Impulse = Ft = mv mu

F= mv mu t

16. Law of flotation Weight of object = Buoyant force

Real depth Apparent depth

mg = Vg F F 17. Pascal's principle: 1 = 2 A1 A2

F m a W m g

d. Refractive index,

b. Resultant force, F = ma 7. a.

HEAT
X X ais 18. Temperature, = X X ais stim
20. Latent heat, Q = ml 21. Absolute temperature, T K = C + 273
o

Speed of light in vacuum Speed of light in medium 1 25. Power of a lens, P = f n=

100 o C
26. Lens formula:

Weight of object, W = mg
m

1 1 1 = + f u v Height of object v = Height of image u

b. Gravitational field strength, g = W 8. Work done, W = Fs

19. Heat absorbed or heat released, Q = mc W F s W P t

27. Linear magnification, m = 28. Astronomical telescope

W 9. Power, P = t
10. a. Kinetic energy =

a. Magnifying power of telescope, M = b. Distance between lenses = f o + f e

1 2 mv 2 b. Potential energy = mgh 11. a. Hooke's law: F = kx

22. a. Boyle's law b. Pressure law

: p1V1 = p 2V2 :

fo fe

F k x

p1 p 2 = T1 T2

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WAVES
1 T 30. Wave speed, v = f
29. Frequency, f = 31. Young's double slit experiment Separation of fringes, x =

a.

1 1 1 1 = + + R R1 R2 R3
1 R

Efficiency =

ISVS 100 % I PVP

b. same p.d. across the resistors c. current in a resistor

43. Transmission of electricity a. Power transmitted, P = IV b. Power dissipated, P = I R

2

D
a

ax D

38. a. Energy, W = IVt b. Energy, W = I 2 Rt

RADIOACTIVITY
44. Einstein's equation : E = mc 2 W P t b. Energy, W = Pt P I V
Physical Quantity Symbol
v s, d t

ELECTRICITY 32. a. Charge, Q = It Q b. Current, I = t

33. Potential difference or voltage, V = 34. Energy transferred, W = QV 35. a. Resistance, R =

V2 t c. Energy, W = R
Q I t 39. a. Power, P =

W t
2

W Q

40. a. Power, P = IV W Q V b. Power, P = I R

V I

V2 c. Power, P = R
41. For battery with internal resistance: a. EMF, E = V + Ir b. E-V I r

Unit
m s1 m s

Speed / Velocity Distance / Displacement Time

b. Potential difference or voltage, V = IR

V c. Current, I = R
36. Resistors in SERIES: a.

V I R

E = I (R + r )

Acceleration Momentum
Force Impulse Weight Work done Energy Power

a p
F Ft W W E P

m s2 kg m s1 , N s
N Ns N J J J s1 ,W

ELECTROMAGNETISM
42. Transformer a.

R = R1 + R2 + R3

b. same current flows in each resistor c. p.d. across a resistor R 37. Resistors in PARALLEL:

VS N S = VP N P

b.

I SVS = I PVP

Density Volume
Extension of spring

V
x, e

kg m3 m3
cm, m

Force constant

k
P

N cm1 , N m1
Pa

c. Efficiency =

Output power 100% Input power

Pressure

Area
Temperature in celsius Heat

A
Q

m2
o

C J

Specific heat capacity

J kg1 oC1

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Specific latent heat

Absolute temperature Focal length Radius of curvature Angle of incidence Angle of refraction Refractive index Critical angle Power of a lens Object distance Image distance Period Frequency Wavelength Electric charge Current Potential difference Resistance Electrical energy Electrical power Electromotive force (emf) Internal resistance Peak voltage Charge of an electron Speed of light

l
T f r i r n c P u v T f

J kg1
K mm, cm, m mm, cm, m

degree ( o ) degree ( o ) degree ( o )

dioptre (D) cm, m cm, m s Hz cm, m C A V J W V V C

Q I V R W P E r

Vo
e

m s1

SPM Physics 2009