PES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institute under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum) Syllabus for B.E.

III Semester B.E. Biotechnology Academic Year 2008-2009 ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS: TOTAL MARKS: 25

1. define steady state heat conduction with an example (2) 2. What is meant by conduction heat transfer? (2) 3 .Explain the various types of evaporators used in chemical industry. Give figures wherever possible 3. What is called radiation heat transfer? (2) 4. Define thermal conductivity of material with an example . (2) 5. What is the difference between free convection and forced convection with exs ? (2) 6. Define film heat transfer coefficient. (2) 7. What do you mean by fins? Mention the law for mass transport like Fouriers law for ht conduction (2) 8. What is called thermal boundary layer? (2) 9. Indicate the mechanism of energy transfer by radiation. (2) 10. Define reflectivity, absorptivity and transmissivity. (2) 11. What is called a perfect black body? (2) 12. What is Stefan Boltzmanns law? (2) 13. What is called emissivity of a body? (2) 14. State Kirchoffs law of radiation. (2) 1. Define Fourier number, Biot number in heat conduction problems and state their physical significance 2. State Dittus-Boelter equation and Colburn equation for heat transfer and discuss their application

What is meant by convection heat transfer? (2) Discuss the advantage and limitations of dimensional analysis. Derive a correlation equation for natural convection heat transfer. Define the number of transfer units and discuss its importance in rating heat exchanger performance. Define Fourier number, Biot number in heat conduction problems and state their physical significance. Define thermal diffusivity and discuss the effect of thermal diffusivity on the rate of heat propagation. . Discuss the main laws of block body radiation. Discuss Grashof number and Rayleigh's number in natural convection process.

Discuss various theoretical and empirical equations available to predict natural convection heat transfer coefficient. State Dittus-Boelter equation and Colburn equation for heat transfer and discuss their application. Explain the terms "Black body" and "Grey body" with reference to radiant heat transfer. Discuss briefly the differences between film-wise and drop-wise condensation. What are the methods employed to promote drop-wise condensation? Define LMTD and explain the reason for which this concept is introduced in heat exchanger design. Explain why correction factors are being used when applying this technique for the design of heat exchangers.

What is thermal diffusivity? Write its unit. Define natural or free convection. What is the difference between Biot number and Nusselt number? Differentiate between. Why is mean temperature difference estimated in the heat exchanger design? Design of condenser is carried out on the basis of condensation. (Dropwise/Filmwise) What is Stefan - Boltzmann's law of thermal radiation? Define the terms emissivity and absorptivity in radiation heat transfer.

Which flow arrangement gives maximum efficiency in shell and tube heat exchanger and why? . Name the important parameters affecting the rate of heat transfer

In a heat exchanger, what does the term 'Transfer Unit' refer to ?

Write Fourier's law of heat conduction. Which metal has the highest value of thermal conductivity? Write its thermal conductivity value in S.I. unit. Define Prandtl number. What is its physical significance? What is forced convection? Define Thermal conductivity Which type of flow arrangement gives maximum efficiency in a shell and tube heat exchanger and why? State Stefan-Boltzmann's law of thermal radiation.

What is a grey body? Define fouling factor. Define heat transfer coefficient. Write its unit. Define '' of a heat exchanger. . How will you calculate LMTD correction factor?

Define 'Thermal Conductivity'. Write its S.I. unit. How does thermal conductivity vary with temperature for solid metallic substances and gases? Under which conditions, fins are used on the heat transfer surface? Write the Nusselt's equation for condensation to determine film thickness. How does boundary layer influence the rate of heat transfer? Explain. Write the physical significance of Nusselt number. Write the relationship between individual and overall heat transfer coefficients for a double pipe heat exchanger with hot and cold working fluids. Write two applications for heat transfer in chemical industry. What are the advantages of plate heat exchanger? Design of commercial condensers is done on the basis of ------- condensation (dropwise/filmwise). What is the effect of non-condensables, present in vapours, on rate of heat transfer? What do you understand by 'Radiation Error' in temperature measurement?

Define thermal conductivity

What is thermal resistance and how is it calculated for conduction? What is logarithmic mean radius for cylinder and write its significance What is critical thickness of insulation for a cylinder? What is Fourier number and explain its significance What is Sieder Tate equation and why is it used? What is LMTD correction factor? What are heat exchangers? When do you use double pipe and when do you use shell and tube heat exchanger? Differentiate black body and grey body What are Fouling factors? Define emissive power and intensity of radiation

What are the three modes of heat transfer? Mention about the mechanism in each mode Write briefly about the effect of temperature on thermal conductivity of materials/substances Write the one-dimensional steady state heat conduction for a hollow cylinder What is transient heat conduction? Write the equation giving the individual heat transfer coefficients as a function of relevant variables in the case of natural convection Is a counter flow heat exchanger more efficient than a parallel heat exchanger? If so, why? Draw a neat sketch of 1-2 counterflow heat exchanger List out the various types of heat exchangers Explain the significance of NTU in heat exchangers How does a scale deposit affect the heat transfer rate? Explain the concept of log mean temperature difference

Explain the mechanism of thermal radiation Write a note on radiation between surfaces