Components Symbol Latest

Table of Contents
Terminology:
Common Terms.......................... 1 Polarity........................................ 2 Orientation.................................. 3 The Square Pad..........................4 Through-Hole Leads................... 5 Surface Mount Leads..................6 Component Legend.................... 8 Common CRD's.......................... 9
Surface Mount: Chips, MELFs & SOTs:

Chip Components....................... 35 Molded Tantalum Capacitors......37 MELFs........................................ 38 SOTs.......................................... 39 DPAKs........................................ 40
Surface Mount: The SOIC Family:

SOICs......................................... 41 SO.............................................. 42 SOM........................................... 43 SOL/SOW................................... 44 SOL-J......................................... 45 VSOP......................................... 46 SSOP......................................... 47 QSOP......................................... 48 TSOP......................................... 49
Through-hole Axial &Radial:

Capacitor (Non-Polarized).......... 11 Capacitor (Polarized).................. 12 Variable Capacitor...................... 14 Crystal........................................ 15 Diode.......................................... 16 Light-Emitting Diode................... 17 Filter........................................... 18 Fuse........................................... 19 Inductor...................................... 20 Resistor...................................... 21 Variable Resistor........................ 22 Switch......................................... 23 Thermistor.................................. 24 Transistor................................... 25 Voltage Regulator...................... 26
Surface Mount: LCCs, QFPs, BGAs:

LCC............................................ 51 PLCC.......................................... 52 Flat Pack..................................... 53 QFP (MQFP).............................. 54 PQFP.......................................... 55 BGA............................................ 56
Through-hole ICs:
SIP............................................. 27 DIP............................................. 28 IC Can........................................ 29 PGA............................................ 30
Reading Component Bands:

Reading Resistor Bands............. 57 Reading a 4-Band Resistor....... 58 Retma Color Code Chart-Resistor... 59 Reading a 5-Band Resistor........ 60 Reading Capacitor Bands........... 61
Retma Color Code Chart-Capacitor. 62
Through-hole Hardware:
Connector................................... 31 Header........................................ 32 Insulated Jumper........................ 33
Reading Numbered Capacitors.. 63 Reading Inductor Bands............. 64
Component Identification Desk Reference Manual
Terminology
Through-Hole Axial & Radial
Common Terms
There are some common terms used in electronics assembly which are important for assembly operators to understand. Leads v.s. Terminations first, component refers to any device that handles electricity. Many components have leads which are two or more rigid metal wires which stick out of the component. Some leads are straight, some are not. Some leads are made of round wire, others are made of flat wire. Theres more about the various kinds of leads later in this section of the Handbook. Some components, particularly those which are surface mounted, dont have leads; they have terminations. These are flat metallized areas on the component which provide an area for the component to be attached to the surface of the printed wiring board with solder. Surface mount components may be called SMDs for short (for Surface Mount Device) Passive v.s. active some components are passive, meaning that they cannot amplify an electrical signal, such as a reisistor. Others are active, meaning that they can amplify or interpert a signal. Discrete v.s. integrated if a component is packaged with only one or two functional elements it is called discrete, such as a resistor, which has the single function of limiting the current which flows through it. An integrated circuit is a group of interconnected elements, such as a group of transistors, assembled into a single package, which performs several electronic functions.
Polarity
Polarity = position Each component placed on a PWB or "board" has a specific function. Some components have a positive and negative connection to the board and so must be placed on the board in the correct position. This means that the correct lead-positive or negative-is in the correct hole or on the correct land with surface mount components. Components with this positive and negative connection are said to have polarity. Anode and cathode Many components have two leads, one positive and one negative. The positive lead is called the anode, while the negative lead is called the cathode. Polarity can be indicated on parts in a variety of ways. The symbol for a positive lead is the plus "+" sign, although many parts will not have this marking. The symbol for the negative lead is the minus "-" sign. Markings and symbols for either the anode or cathode leads can take many shapes and forms. Value and tolerance Some components will have a value, which is a numerical quantity given that component, and a tolerance, which is the variation from the value given for that component.
Terminology
Terminology
Orientation
Orientation = installation Component orientation refers to situations when a component must be installed on the PWB a certain way, whether or not it has polarity. Orientation marks or symbols on a components body include: a notch, a dimple, a stripe, or numbers.
The Square Pad

The square pad is a common way to designate polarity or orientation. The square pad is most often used by PWB designers to show where the positive lead or pin one of a multi-pinned component should be placed. Matching pine one of the component to the correct pad or land on the PWB is critical for the proper functions of the component. With components which have the negative or cathode lead marked, the square pad indicates where the marked (negative) lead should not be placed.
With multi-pin components, such as ICs, these orientation symbols indicated where "pin one" of that component is located so that pin may be mated with the corresponding pad or land on the PWB. Many ICs have up to dozens of pins (leads or connections). Also, matching orientation marks may be found on the PWB. These include a silkscreened symbol (usually a "+") and/or a square pad or land on the board, especially for multi-pinned components.
Terminology
Terminology
Through-Hole Leads
Components with wire leads which are fed through holes in the printed wiring board (PWB) and soldered into place are called through-hole components. Axial leads = arms Axial leaded components have two leads; one lead extends from each side of the component like arms (right). Axial components need to have their leads bent so they can be placed into the through holes on a PWB. Radial leads = legs Radial leaded components have two or more leads extending from the bottom of the component like legs (right).
Surface Mount Leads

SMD: Leads and leadless Terminations are not leads at all, but are flat metallized areas on the component which provide a solder point to the PWB. Leaded surface mount components usually have one of four styles of leads: J-lead, gull-wing, flat pack, or I-lead (or butt). Gull-Wing Lead: The gull-wing lead is a metal lead which bends down and away from the body of the component, resembling the shape of a gulls wing. Gull-wing leads are small and are easily damaged. J-lead: The J-lead is a meal lead which bends down and underneath a component, resembling the letter "J". J-leads are larger and sturdier than gull-wing leads. Flat leads: While less common, flat leads are used on ICs. Flat leads protrude directly out from an ICs body and are very fragile. They are usually cut and bent into gull-wing leads prior to use.
Single In-Line Packages SIPs, or Single In-line Packages are components which have a row of leads in a single, straight line (right).
Dual In-line Packages DIPs or Dual In-line Packages, are components which have two rows of leads in parallel straight lines (right)
Terminology
Terminology
Surface Mount Leads

continued I leads: The I-lead or butt lead is not a SMT lead at all, but a through-hole lead, usually on an IC. The long through-hole leads have been cut short for surface mounting. The end of the modified lead is placed directly on the surface land. Because the connection is not very strong or stable, the I-lead is not considered suitable for high-reliability assemblies.
Component Legend
Most of the PWBs made today have a component legend silkscreened onto them. These are letters which identify the component to be placed in the holes next to each letter. Also called the silkscreen or Component Reference Designator (CRD), the legend is placed on the component side of the PWB. The other side of the board is often referred to as the solder side.
The silkscreen may also indicate the direction (remember polarity) the component is to be place on the board. SMT boards may have the silkscreen on both sides of the board, if it has components on both sides.
Castellations are another form of leadless connector. These half-round metallized recesses in the side of the component are filled with solder when connected to the PWB land.
Ball grids are rows and rows of small betal balls on the bottom of a component which are soldered to matching rows of lands on the PWB.
Terminology
Terminology
Common CRD's
Capacitor Capacitor, polarized Capacitor pack or network choke Connector Crystal Delay line Diodes Filter Fuse Headers Inductor Integrated Circuit Insulated Jumper Jumper Light Emitting Diode Microprocessor Oscillator Potentiometer Relay Resistor Resistor Pack or Network Socket Switch Test Point or Pin Thermistor Transistor Transformer Variable Resistor or Varistor Voltage Rectifier Voltage Regulator C C+ U or CP L J or P Y DL or DCR or D FL F J or P L U or IC TS, or JP J, W or R LED or D IC, Part number or MC or U and Part number OS or Y R or VR K R RP, RN, U or IC TS & part number to be inserted into socket or U (the part number), S, or XS S or SW TP or SW RT or R Q or U T VR, R, VRN or POT VR V, VR or U
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Capacitor
(Non-Polarized)
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Energy storage: stores and discharges electricity C (non-polarized) None Measured in microfarads (F), nanofarads ( F) or picofarads (pF). The value is printed on the capacitor body using some form of abbreviation. Printed as percentage (example5%) or as letter scheme. None Non-polarized. There are four basic types of non-polarized Capacitors: * Ceramic disc-radial * Dipped Mica-Radial * Mylar-radial, usually round or oval bodies * Glass-packed axial, easy to mistake for diode or resistor
Capacitor
(Polarized)
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Energy storage: stores and discharges electricity C+ (polarized) None Measured in microfarads (F), nanofarads ( F) or picofarads (pF). The value is printed on the capacitor body using some form of abbreviation. Printed as percentage (example5%) or as letter scheme. By polarity Polarized capacitors can be both axial or radial and will have one end marked as the positive lead(+). This positive lead can be marked or formed in several ways. Symbols: Plus (+); marks positive lead Dot ( ); marks positive lead Band; marks positive lead Line (+); The line canhave pluses (+) leading to the positive leg or minuses (-) leading to the negative leg. Arrows; arrows down the side lead to the negative end.
Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Description:
Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:
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Capacitor
(Polarized)
...Continued: Colors: Silver square; marks positive lead Colored end; marks positive lead Shapes and forms: Ridge or bevel; marks positive lead Groove; marks positive lead Bubble; marks positive lead ( if both ends have a bubble, the larger one is positive) Larger lead; the PWB holes are sized to match the larger lead.
Variable Capacitor
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Changes capacitance. Trimmer capacitors and tuning capacitors are kinds of variable capacitors. C ADJ, CVAR and C None Measured as a range, such as 27-200 F. None Non-symetrical lead pattern allows it to be installed only one way. None
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Crystal
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Crystals produce a consistent electrical pulse. Y None Measured in megahertz (MHZ) None By polarity Angled corner or dot marks any polarity.
Diode
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Diodes are semiconductors that only allow current to flow in one direction. Diodes are also called rectifiers. CR or D IN None None By polarity Polarity is usually indicated by colored ring up to three rings near the negative (carthode) end of axial diodes. Polarity may also be marked by a beveled cathode end. The PWB is marked with a circle, arrow or line showing where the cathode end of the diode should be placed. A square pad will also mark where the cathode end is inserted.
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Light-Emitting Diode
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Also known as LED's, these components emit light LED or D None None None By polarity LED's are usually readial leaded and polarityis usually Indicated by a flat or shaved edge on the cathode (negative) edge of the component body. Other polarity markings include: A tab on the cathode side. Black or white dot on the cathode side. Notched edge on cathode side. Plus (+) symbol on anode (positive) side. Cathode lead is shorter. Square Pad: The PWB is marked with a square pad showing where the cathode end is inserted and/or an outline of the component body with a flat edge to indicate polarity.
Filter
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Filter electrical noise in a circuit. FL None None None By polarity The installation of filters is usually by lead configuration. The pattern of holes or lands on the PWB means there is only one way to insert the filter.
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Fuse
Use: Fuses protect a circuit from electrical overload by intentionally failing. A circuit breaker is a fuse which can be reset after failing. F, circuit breakers: CB, B None Measured in amps None None None
Inductor
Use: A coil of wire which produces a magnetic field when electrical current flows through it. Related components include transformers, toroids, and chokes. L; Tranformer: T or X None measured in micro-henry (H ) or milli-henry (mH). the value is either printed on the inductor body or calculated be decoding 4 of 5 colored bands on the inductor body into numbers. Printed as last of five-band color band system. Many transformers have non-symetrical leads which only allow it to be installed one way. None
CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:
CRD: Prefix: Value Code:
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Resistor
Use: CRD: Prefix: Resists current flow in a circuit. R RC = color coded RN = metal film RCL = wire wound measured in ohms ( ). The value is either printed on the resistor body is calculated by decoding 4 or 5 colored bands on the resistor body into numbers. Printed on body or as part of color band system None None Fixed resistors are usually made of hot-molded carbon. The bigger the carbon resistor, the greater its wattage rating (wattage is a measure of electical power). Resistors can also be made of metal film.
Variable Resistor
Use: Also called a potentiometer, trimpot or trimmer, a variable resistor is a resistor whose value can be changed by turning a shaft,screw or sliding a contact. R, ADJ or VRN None measured in a range in ohms. Maximum value is usually molded into component body. Example: 20 M . None Non-symetrical lead pattern only alows it to be installed one way. Pin one is usually identified. None
Value Code:
Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Description:
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Switch
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Switches open and close a circuit. Relays are switches which open and close automatically. SW or K, relays: K None May have value rating for maximum current in amps. Example: 10A. May also have mechanical information such as DPDT; "double-pole, double-throw" printed on it None Dot or notch None
Thermistor
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Resists current flow based on temperature. Often looks like a picofuse. RT None None None None None
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Transistor
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Amplify electrical signals. Q or U None None None By polarity. Polarity is indicated by one of several methods: Pin numbers or pin names which match to the PWB silkscreen. Tab on the transistor "can". When looking down on the component from the tup, pin one is underneath the tab. The pins count counterclockwise from pin one. Matching component shape with PWB silkscreen outline: Outline on PWB includes the tab-align the tab. Outline on PWB includes the flat side of the transistor-align the flat side. Pattern of through-holes on PWB means there is only one way to insert the transistor.
Voltage Regulator
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Keeps voltage constant by minimizing peaks and valleys. Often looks like a T0220 package. V or VR None None None By polarity Angle on the body or indented dot
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Through-Hole ICs
Through-Hole ICs
SIP
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Sip stands for Single-Inline-Package. SIP's are often resistor networks (or packs) or diode arrays. U or the component CRD, such as RN or RP for resistor networks or CR for diode array, etc None None None By polarity Polarity is determined by the location of lead one. A SIP IC's leads are numbered to ensure proper placement of the component on the circuit board or into a PWB-mounted socket. The polarity marking on most SIPs is usually right over lead one. The remaining leads are counted from lead one. Lead one markings: The most common markings for polarity on SIP's are: dot numbers
DIP
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: DIP stand for Dual-Inline-Package. DIP's are usually made of plastic or ceramic (called CERDIPS). U None None None By polarity Polarity is determined by the location of lead one. A DIP IC's leads are numbered to ensure proper placement of the component on the curcuit board or into a PWB-mounted socket. The polarity marking on most DIPs is usullay either right over lead one or on the end at which lead one is found. The remaining leads are counted counterclockwise from lead one. Lead one markings: The most common markings for polarity on IC's are: notch numbers stripe dimple wedge Square Land: The square land is used to show the location of lead one on the PWB. Aligning lead one of the IC with the square land on the board ensures proper installation of the component.
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Through-Hole ICs
Through-Hole ICs
IC Can
Use: CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: IC Cans are often transistors or voltage regulators. U or component name, such as Q for transistor None None None By polarity Polarity is determined by the location of lead one. An IC Can's lead are numbered to ensure proper placement of the component on the circuit board or into a PWB-mounted socket. The polarity markings on most IC Can's is usually a tab in the rim of the can right over pin one. The remaining pins are counted counterclockwise from pin one when looking down on the top of the can.
PGA
Use: PGA stands for Pin Grid Array. PGA's have several rows of lead or pins extending from the bottom of the IC. The rows make up a grid of connection points. PGA's come in ceramic packages (photo, left) and plastic packages (photo, right). U , IC or component name, such as MC for microprocessor or a part number. None None None By polarity Polarity is usually determined by the location of a notch in the package right over pin one. A corresponding mark on the PWB or socket provides proper alignment. Square Land: A square base to one lead among the leads in a PGA is also used to show polarity. Aligning that lead with a matching square land on the board ensures proper installation of the component.
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Through-Hole Hardware
Connector
Use: Connectors are placed on a PWB so that wires, cables and other outside connections can be made to the PWB. They usually have a housing around their pins. P(for MALE PLUG) or J (for Female Jack) Bevel, notch or pin number molded into the package. None
Header
Use: Headers, like connectors are placed on a PWB so that outside connections can be made. Headers usually do not have a housing around their pins. J or P Usually none. Often has alignment or locking tabs for the connector which mates with it. Correct orientation of this tab is important None
CRD: Orientation: Polarity:
CRD: Orientation:
Polarity:
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Insulated Jumper
Use: Also called jumper configuration, jumper wire or head pin configuration; jumpers connect two pins on the assembly together, providing an electrical path between those pints. Jumpers are sometines used to solve circuitry errors in the PWB itself. other times they are used to provide a way to change the assembly's configuration for different applications. TS or SW None None None Jumper goes into header socket None
Socket
Use: Sockets are soldered onto circuit boards so that an IC can be plugged into the socket and not soldered directly to the board. This makes removing or upgrading the part much easier. The part number or CRD of the component to be inserted is often the socket's CRD, typical CRD's include U, IC, R, RN, RP or XS. Test socket: TS IN None None Sockets usually have a notch or dot to indicate orientation to the PWB. Once installed, a socket may cover the PWB orientation mark, so it's important to place the socket correctly. None
CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation:
Polarity:
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Surface Mount: CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs
Chip Components
Description: Chip components ar usually ceramic-bodied packages with metal connections called terminations at either end. The most common types of chip components are ceramic resistors and capacitors. Five-sided chip components have a solderable surface on five sides of its terminal contact. The terminal contact is the area where the component is attached to the surface of the PWB. Three-sided components have a solderable surface on three sides of its terminal contact. Chip Resistors Chip resistors are three-sided or five-sided. CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity: R Measured in ohms ( ) None None Chip Capacitors Chip capacitors are five-sided. C Measured in micro-farads (F) or pico-farads (pF) None None
Chip Components
Continued... 4-digit size code A chip component's size is described by a four-digit size code. In the U.S., the size code is in inches. Outside the U.S., the size code is usually in millimeters, but may also be in inches. It is impoertant to be certain of which measurement system a component size code is in. Here's how the size code works: The first two digits in the size code are the components length, the second two digits are width. With a U.S. size code, the numbers are each preceded by a decimal point. In the example below, the component is .12 inches long and .10 inches in width. In metric size codes, the numbers have a decimal point between them.
Common Size Codes (inches)

0402 0603 0805 1005 1206 1210 1812 2225 .04"x.02" .06"x.03" .08"x.05" .10"x.05" .12"x.06" .12"x.10" .18"x.12" .22"x.25"
Common Size Codes (mm)

1005 1508 2012 2512 3225 4532 5664 1.0x.05mm 1.5x0.8mm 2.0x1.2mm 2.5x1.2mm 3.2x2.5mm 4.5x3.2mm 5.6x6.4mm
CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
Inch size code = 1210
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Molded Tantalum Capacitors

Description: Molded Tantalum Capacitors are polarized capacitors with metalilized terminations similar to other chip components. Inside are metal plates which store and discharge electricity. C+ None 0.001F to 1000 pF. 4 to 100V DC None By polarity . Line, + or A on anode end. Beveled top on anode end. A tantalum capacito's size is described by one of four letters: A, B, C, or D. These four size codes stand for metric footprints of length and width. Those footprint sizes are as follows: A = 3.2 x 1.6 mm B = 3.5 x 2.8 mm C = 6.0 x 3.2 mm
MELFs
Description: Metal Electrode Face (MELF) leadless components have metallized terminals at both ends of a cylindrical body. Typical MELF components include: Zener diodes (photo, upper left) Resistors (photo, lower right) Capacitors Inductors Polarity, value coding and CRDs are the same for these coponents as for their surface moun chip and through hole counterparts. The smallest of the MELFs are called "mini-MELFs" and "micro-MELFs" Depends on component type. None Resistors have 4 or 5 bands which convey their value. Resistors have a tolerance band. By polarity . Capacitors have a beveled anode end. Diodes have a band at the cathode end. MELF resistors are designed to fit same footprints as chip resistors, such as the 0805 (.08 x .05)mm and the 1206 (.12 x .06mm)
CRD: Prefix: Value Range: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Size Code :
Sizes :
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SOTs
Description: Small Outline Transistors (SOTS) are rectangular Transistor or diode packages with three or more gull-wing leads. The most popular size is the SOT23. Other package sizes include the SOT80, SOT143 and SOT223. SOTs have 3 or 4 gull wings on two sides of their package. Q or U None By package size. None By polarity . Installation is determined by lead pattern.
DPAKs
Description: DPAKs are Diode Packages, which accommodate higher power groups of transistors and diodes. DPAK's are the largest surface mount transistor made and include a heatsink mounting pad. DPAKs have 3 gull wings on two sides of the package. Q, D or U None Determined by package size. None By polarity. Installation is determined by lead pattern. SOTs and DPAKs are designed to fit the same footprint as their through-hole cousins. For instance, a DPAK is designed to fit the T0220 through-hole transitor.
CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Sizes:
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Surface Mount: The SOIC Family
SOICs
Description: SOIC stands for Small Outline Integrated Circuit. The SOIC family is made up of nearly a dozen different IC's with a variety of body sizes and lead styles. The number of leads varies also, and is determined by the size of the IC's body. SOICs are usually referred to by their abbreviation, which may or may not include an "IC" at the end. This makes for some confusion as the same package may be called by more than one name. Also, some SOIC names have contradictory words in them. For instance, a SOL and a SOLIC are both names for the same IC-a Small Outline Large IC. It can be confusing. 8-56 Various Gull-wing, J-Lead, flat and I-lead From 19.7 to 50 mils U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
SO
Description: # of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type : Lead Pitch : CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity: SO stands for Small Outline. The original SOIC. 8-16 156 mils (3.97mm) Gull-wing 50 mils (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity . Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
# of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
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SOM
Description: SOIC stands for Small Outline Integrated Circuit. The SOIC family is made up of nearly a dozen different IC's with a variety of body sizes and lead styles. The number of leads varies also, and is determined by the size of the IC's body. SOICs are usually referred to by their abbreviation, which may or may not include an "IC" at the end. This makes for some confusion as the same package may be called by more than one name. Also, some SOIC names have contradictory words in them. For instance, a SOL and a SOLIC are both names for the same IC-a Small Outline Large IC. It can be confusing. 8-56 Various Gull-wing, J-Lead, flat and I-lead From 19.7 to 50 mils U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
SOL / SOW
Description: SOL stands for Small Outline, Large; SOW stands for Small Outline, Wide. The name SOP, or Small Outline Package, is also used for this IC. 16-32 300-440 mils (6.63-12.2mm) Gull-wing 50 mils (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity . Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
# of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type : Lead Pitch : CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
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SOL-J
Description: # of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type : Lead Pitch : CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity: SOL-J stands for Small Outline, Large, J-Lead. Also called the SOJ. 16-40 300-440 mils (6.63 - 12.2mm) J-Lead 50 mils (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity . Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
VSOP
Description: VSOP stands for Very Small Outline Package. Higher density gull-wing leads. Sometimes the name VSOP is used interchangeably with SSOP. 32-56 300 mils (6.63mm) Gull-wing 25 mils (.65mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
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SSOP
Description: # of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity: SSOP stands for Shrink Small Outline Package. Same as VSOP but with smaller case. 8-30 208mils (5.3mm) Gull-wing 25 mils U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
QSOP
Description: QSOP stands for Quarter Shrink Small Outline Package. same as the original SO, but with 25 mil pitch instead of 50. 20-56 156 mils (3.97mm) Gull-wing 25 mil (.65mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
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Surface Mount
TSOP
Description: # of Pins: Body Width: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity: TSOP stands for Thin Small Outline Package. Low profile package is only 1.0 mm in height. 20-56 208mils (5.3mm) Gull-wing From 19.7 mils U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
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Surface Mount: LCCs, QFPs, BGAs
LCC
Description: LCC stands for Leadless Chip Carrier. Lcc's are most commonly used in aerospace applications. LCC's are extremely rugged and have no leads to bend. They are sometimes called LCCC for Leadless Ceramic Chip Carrier. 16-44 (up to 124) Ceramic body, very rugged and able to withstand severe operating conditions, like high temeratures. Solderable castellations 50 mil (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one castellation, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Castellations are counted counterclockwise from the number one. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the number one location.
PLCC
Description: PLCC stands for Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier. PLCC's fit same as the original SO, but with 25 mil pitch instead of 50. J-lead 20-84 (up to 100) Plastic 50 mil (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
Lead Type: # of Pins: Body Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
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Flat Pack
Description: Flat Packs have leads extending from two sides. They are used primarily for aerospace applications only. Most flat pack leads are gold and must be tinned with solder before connecting to the PWB. 10-28 (up to 80) Flat, must be formed (usually into gull-wing leads) prior to assembly. 50 mil (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
QFP (MQFP)
Description: QFP stands for Quad Flat Pack. Also commonly called the MQFP, for Metric QFP. The QFP family is made up of a variety of different IC's. The "quad" part of Quad Flat Pack tells us that leads extend from all four sides of the package. QFP's are high lead count, fine lead pitch devices. QFP's, like most IC's are usually referred to by their abbreviation, which may or may not include an "QFP" at the end. A metal body version of the QFP is called the MQUAD, a registered trademark of the Olin Corporation A ceramic body, internal multilayer version of the QFP is called the CQFP. 44 & up Plastic (Also metal and ceramic) Gull-wing 11.8 mil (.3mm) to 25.6 mil (.65mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
# of Pins: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
# of Pins: Body Type: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
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PQFP
Description: PQFP stands for Plastic Quad Flat Pack. The PQFP is essentially the same as a QFP except that each corner extends beyond the plane of the leads, forming a protective "bumper." These bumpers protect the leads during handling and assembly. PQFP's are built with true inch measurements of their lead pitch. The 25 mil lead pitch version is .635mm, not the more common .65mm. 44-132 Plastic Gull-wing 25 mil (.636mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
BGA
Description: BGA stands for Ball Grid Array. BGA's don't connect to the PWB with leads or terminations. Instead they use row uponrow of tiny metal balls or pads which are soldered to a matching set of lands on the PWB. Rows make up a grid or connection points 25-625 Plastic, metal or ceramic Ball grid 1.5mm and 50 mil (1.27mm) U, IC or a part number None By polarity. Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
# of Pins: Body Pitch: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
# of Pins: Body Type: Lead Type: Lead Pitch: CRD: Value: Orientation: Polarity:
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Reading Component Bands
Reading a 4-Band Resistor

Reading Resistor Bands
Value Bands: The first two color bands on 4-band resisitors are read as actual numbers (see chart, facing page). The value of a resistor is expressed in a unit of electrical resistance called ohms. Axial resistors will usually have 4 or 5 color bands which are "read" using a color chart (called the Retma Color Code Chart) to tell you what the value of that resistor is. if the resistor has: 4 bands 5 bands 5 bands
(military)
Multiplier Band: The third band on 4-band resistors is called a "multipier band" because that color's number on the color chart shows how many zeroes to add to the end of the numbers from the first two bands (see chart, facing page.) Tolerance Band: The last band is the tolerance. Tolerance is a measure of how close the component must be to its stated value.
then: The first three bands are value colors and the fourth band is the tolerance. The first four bands are value colors and the fifth band is the tolerance. The first three bands are value colors, and the fourth band is the tolerance (same as with normal 4-band resisitors). A fifth, white band means Military Solderable Leads.
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Retma Color Code Chart - Resistor
Reading a 5-Band Resistor

Value Bands: The first three color bands on 5-band resisitors are read as actual numbers (see chart, previous page). Multiplier Band: The fourth band on 5-band resistors is called a "multiplier band" because that color's number on the color chart shows how many zeroes to add to the end of the numbers from the first three bands (see chart, previous page.) Tolerance Band: The last band is the tolerance. Tolerance is a measure of how close the component must be to its stated value. Military 5-Bands: A fifth, white band in a military 5-band resistor means that the resistor has Military Solderable Leads.
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Retma Color Code Chart - Capacitor Reading Capacitor Bands

The value of a capacitor is expressed in a unit of electrical capacitance called farads. A capacitor will have the value and the tolerance marked on its body. There are three units of measurement for capacitors, using farads: picofarads pF The smallest unit of measurement. nanofarads F The middle range unit of measurement. F The smallest unit of measurement. microfarads The values on capacitors are usually printed in picofarads. The chart below will help you convert from picofarads to nanofarades to microfarad: picofarads pF 100,000,000 10,000,000 1,000,000 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 .1 nanofarads F = 100,000 = 10,000 = 1,000 = 100 = 10 = 1 = .1 = .01 = .001 = .0001 microfarads F = 100 = 10 = 1 = .1 = .01 = .001 = .0001 = .00001 = .000001 = .0000001
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Reading Numbered Capacitors

Some capacitors are coded with a three-digit number which is similar to the color-band system, except you are provided with the value and multiplier numbers, such as 107, where the 1 and 0 are attached to 7 zeros to equal 100,000,000pF or 100F. Tolerance Letter Code - Tolerance is shown with letters using the following key: F = 1% G = 2% J = 5% K = 10% M = 20% Z = 80/-20% If no tolerance is shown, the tolerance is 20% Examples - The two codes are combined in various ways. As shown:
Reading Inductor Bands

Inductors are valued in microhenries. The symbol for microhenries is H. The value for an inductor may be printed on the component body, or it may be printed with color bands, much in the same way as a resistor. The color bands on an inductor are read using the same Retma Color Code system described in Reading Resistor Bands section, above with one major exception: There is a wide silver band closest to one lead. This band is a military identifier and is ignored.
For example:
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Table of Contents

Surface Mount: Chips, MELFs & SOTs:

Surface Mount: The SOIC Family:

Through-hole Axial &Radial:

Surface Mount: LCCs, QFPs, BGAs:

Reading Component Bands:

Reading Numbered Capacitors.. 63 Reading Inductor Bands............. 64

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

The Square Pad

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Surface Mount Leads

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Surface Mount Leads

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Description:

Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:

CRD: Prefix: Value Code:

Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

CRD: Prefix: Value Code: Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:

Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity: Description:

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Tolerance: Orientation: Polarity:

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Through-Hole Axial & Radial

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual