53 (B) The Mauryan

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The most important source in Artha Sastra which has 15 chapters called
Adhikaranas. Other Sanskrit sources are Kaumudi Mahotsava of Vajika and
Mudraraksha of Visakhadutta. Sangam poets named Mamulnar and Pamar
described about Bimba Mauryas attack on South India.
Division of Indian Society into seven castes Megasthenes
Absence of slavery Megasthenes
Chronology and list of Mauryan Kings Puranas
Economic and Political Conditions Arthashastra
Social and Economic Conditions Jatakas
Role of Ashoka in spreading Buddhism to Sri Lanka - Dipvamsa & Mahavamsa
Conversion of Chandragupta Parisistparvan of Maurya to Jainism his abdication
of throne and going to Sravanbelagola Hemachandra
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Absence of usury (Money lending) Megasthenes

Ashokas favour to Ajivikas - Barabar Hill cave inscriptions
Construction of Sudarsana Lake - Junagarh Rock Inscription of Rudraman I.
Killing of 99 of his brothers and seizing of throne by Ashoka Mahavamsa &
Dipavamsa
The name Ashoka - Maski Gujarra, Nittur and Udegolam Edicts
Existance of an Ashokan Pillar at Sanakisa with a lion capital Fahien
The Mauryan army is band of dacoits Justin
Jaluka was the successor of Ashoka in Kashmir - Rajataringini
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Adhyakshya
High ranking officials next to Tirthas concerned mostly with economic functions and some military duties. They were twenty in number.
Amatyas
High ranking officers who acted as present day secretaries, who func-tioned
in administrative and judicial capacity.
Mahamattas
Higher ranking officials irrespective of the duties assigned of them. These are
references to them as a ministerial of advisory council as well. The
Arthasastra uses this term in the sense of a minister.
Tirthas
Highest category of officials form the inner council apart form council of
ministers. They were eighteen in number.
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Province
i. Kumara (Governors, title given to Sons of king).
ii. Aryaputra (Governors, title given to persons of royal blood, usually kings
relatives).
District
i. Pradesikas (head of the district, looked after law & order and revenue collection.
ii. Raj juka (looked after rural administration and justice).
Group of Villages
i. Sthanika (looked after tax collection).
ii. Gopa (Accountant).
Village
i. Gramika (Village headman).
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Uttarapatha Taxila
Dakshinapatha Suvarngiri
Prachaya Patliputra
Kalinga Tosali
Avantiratha Ujjain
Deptt. Head
Deptt.
Panyadhayaksha
Commerce/fixed Prices.
Sulkadhyaksha
Tolls/Customs
Akaradhyaksha
Mines
Lohadhyaksha
Iron
Sitadyaksha
Crown lands
Aksha patala adhayaksha
Accounts
Lakshanadhyaksha
Mint
Sutradhyaksha
Textile
Sansthadhyasksha
Market
Pautvadhyasksh
Weights and Measures
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Plutarch and Justin have described about Chandraguptas army.

Size and organisation of army was fairly large.
According to Pliny it comprised 60000 infantry, 30000 cavalry, and 10000
elephants.
According to Plutarch it consisted of 20000 infantry, 80000 horses, 6000 elephants
and 8000 war chariots.
Chanakya refers to Chaturangbala comprising infantry, cavalry, chariots and
elephants as the principal organs of the army.
Army administration was run by six committees (according to Megasthenes).
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Megasthanese has given prohific information on Municipal adminis-tration of

pataliputra whIch was devided in to 30 words.
Run by a city council known as Astyanomi
City council consist of six sub-councils/committees
Each committee had five members.
Each committee was entrusted with a particular work namely:
First Committee - Industry & crafts
Second Committee - Foreigners
Third Committee - Registration of births & deaths
Fourth Committee - Trade & commerce, weights & measures
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Sita-Crowniand
Bhag-Land tax 1/6
Bali-Voluntary offering
Vastu-Tax taken from rural areas
Durg-Tax taken from urban areas
Kara Orchard tax
Vivit-Tax imposed on pasture land
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Maski Gujarra, Nittur and Odegolam edicts mention the name Ashoka
Ashokan edicts were deciphered by James Princep in 1837.
The Topra & Meerut Pillars were brought to Delhi by Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
The Kausambi Pillar was brought to Allahabad by Jehangir.
The Bairat inscription was brought to Calcutta by Cunningham.
The major rock edicts at Manshera & Shahbazgarhi are in Kharoshthi script.
The Kandahar inscription is bilingual written in Greek & Armenic.
Most of the Ashokan edicts are written in Brahmi script.
The language used in Ashokan edicts except Kandhar is Prakrit.
The inscription in fragmentary condition found at Lampaka/Lamghan is in Aramaic.
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Contents These are appendix to rock edicts.

Location 1. Allahabad (UP) 2. Delhi Topra (Punjab) 3. Delhi-Merritt (UP) 4. Lauriya
Areraj (Bihar) 5. Lauriya Nandangarh (Bihar) 6. Rampurva (Bihar)
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Contents System of administration in Kalinga

Location 1. Dhauli (Orissa) 2. Jaugada (Orissa)
Contents Ashokas conversion to Buddhism and his reverence for his religion
Location Calcutta (WB) brought from Bairat (Rajasthan)
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Megasthenes by Seleucus to the court of Chandragupta Mauryas

Deimachos by Antiochus I, King of Syria - to the court of Bindusar
Dionysios by Ptolemy II - to the court of Bindusar
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Ranipurva I
Laurya-Nandangarh
Basarah (Vaishali)
Rampurva II
Sarnath
Sanchi
Sankisa
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Single Lion
Single Lion
Single Lion
Single Bull
Four Lions
Four Lions
Single Elephant
Chandragupta Jainism (According to Bhadrabahucharit)

Bindusar Ajivikas
Ashoka Buddhism (according to Kaihan)
Dasaratha Ajivikas
Samprati Jain
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53 (B) The Mauryan

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53 (B) The Mauryan

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Absence of usury (Money lending) Megasthenes

Plutarch and Justin have described about Chandraguptas army.

Megasthanese has given prohific information on Municipal adminis-tration of

Contents These are appendix to rock edicts.

Contents System of administration in Kalinga

Megasthenes by Seleucus to the court of Chandragupta Mauryas

Chandragupta Jainism (According to Bhadrabahucharit)

Online Coaching for IAS Exams

Books for IAS Exams

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