TURBOCHARGER Raka K L 0606073474 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA

Turbocharger Turbocharger - an engine upgrade bolted onto the exhaust manifold that dramatica lly increases torque, power, and acceleration. http://www.ih8mud.com/

Turbocharger http://www.ih8mud.com/

Turbocharger Design Process of the air flow: http://auto.howstuffworks.com/turbo7.htm

WORKING OF TURBOCHARGER Workings of the Turbocharger: 1. Exhaust waste from the engine cylinder travels towards the turbocharger. 2. Exhaust waste powers the turbine wheel which is con nected to the compressor wheel by the turbine shaft. 3. Turbine shaft rotates th e compressor wheel drawing in and compressing cool air. 1. Compressed air travels through an intercooler for further cooling before reachin g the engine cylinder. 1. 2. Fuel mixes with the compressed air and is ignited by the spark plug. Exhau st waste is let out by the combustion and the process repeats itself (Nice).

Detailing Specific Parts The Turbine: The turbine wheel begins the whole process of sending compressed air to the engi ne cylinder. Turbine wheels can be made of steel or ceramic blades, but ceramic is preferred because it is lightweight meaning it will spin faster and prevent t urbo lag. Turbo lag is the delay that comes from the engine not responding to th e boost acquired from the turbocharger (Nice). Turbine wheels can rotate anywher e between 80,000 and 150,000 revolutions per minute (RPM) (Nice). The turbine wh eel is connected to the turbine shaft, and the two are connected by ball bearing s or fluid bearings.

Detailing Specific Parts The Turbine: Proper mounting and connection between the turbine and turbine shaf t is necessary because it operates at such high speeds. The wastegate releases e xcess exhaust waste from the turbine. www.angelfire.com/.../turbo_files/image003.jpg

Detailing Specific Parts Compressor: When the compressor wheel spins, it draws in air from the ambient air inlet loca ted on the opposite side of the turbine exhaust gas inlet to retrieve cool air. The compressor increases the density of incoming air by six to eight pounds per square inch (psi). At sea level, the density of air is 14.7 psi, so the compress or yields about a fifty percent increase (Nice). The highly compressed air leave s the compressor section through the compressor air discharge as it travels towa rds the intercooler.

Detailing Specific Parts Compressor: http://auto.howstuffworks.com/turbo4.htm

Example of Turbocharger SJ44 Series Turbocharger SJ44 series turbocharger suits for 1. 5-2. 0L motor. Its standard characteristic s include: *Centrifugal compressor with wide flow area; *Centripetal turbine;*Du al floating bearing system; *Single runner symmetry turbine housing;*By-pass val ve; Optional characteristics include:*Fixed section turbine housing of 3-4. 5cm2 ,*Variable section turbine housing;*Compressor housing & turbine housing inclina tion can be chosen from 0 from 3600. Pressure Ratio Flow Area Max Rotation Speed Power Area Horsepower Diesel Litres Compressor inlet Dia Compressor ourlet Dia Bypass valve: Cooling Mode: Size: Tur bine Dia Application: : 2. 5 : 0. 02-0. 11kg/s : 220000r/min : 20-56kw : 27-75kw : 1. 9L : 34mm : 44mm : 42mm

SJ44 Series Turbocharger Efficiency Calculation L ! P out P in W m !U 2 1 W ! U12 m U 1 !

TD1 N 60 !

0.034

22000 391 .5 m/s W ! U 12 m 60 ! W ! 391.5 m

y 0.065 kg s s 2 W ! Pout ! 9.96 v 103Watt L ! 0.195 ! 19.5% ! out in 9.96 v 10 3 L ! 51v 10 3

References Sayers, A.T. Hydraulic an Compressible Flow Turbomachines. McGraw-Hill. New York . 1992 (2003). Turbochargers A Process Description. Retrieved February 25, 2006, from www.angelfire.com/.../turbo_files/image003.jpg Brain, M. (2006). HowStuffW orks: How Car Engines Work. Retrieved February 24, 2006, from http://auto.howstu ffworks.com/engine4.htm Graham, A. (2005). Turbochargers boost diesels. Automoti ve news, 80(6174), 22. Nice, K. (2006). HowStuffWorks: How Turbochargers Work. R etrieved February 24, 2006, from http://auto.howstuffworks.com/turbo.htm www.eas ychinasupply.com/producttrade/last_pt_pro_open/975269.html http://www.ih8mud.com /