Steel Design

Shankibhanga Khal Subproject, Upazila : Ghatail , District : Tangail
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF BARREL

Shankibhanga Khal WRS (5v-1.50 x 1.80 ) at Ch.0+030 km (Khal)
2.1 REQUIRED INPUT DATA
Embankment Crest Level -->
Top Slab Level
-->
5.60 m
5.60 m
Live Vehicle Loading(H10 or H20) ->
H20
Unit Weight of Steel -->

Unit Weight of Concrete -->
Unit Weight of Soil -->
Unit Weight of Water -->
77.00
23.60
19.60
9.81
KN/m
KN/m
KN/m
KN/m
Angle of Internal Friction () -->

Coeff. of Active Earth Pressure (Ca) = (1-sin) =
25
0.58
Top Slab Thickness

-->
Bottom Slab Thickness -->
Abutment Top Thickness -->
Abutment Bottom Thickness->
Pier Thickness
-->
350
900
350
600
450
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
No. of Vents
-->
Inside Height of Barrel -->
Inside Width of Barrel -->
Length of Barrel
-->
Barrel Extension Length -->
5
4.25
1.50
4.45
1.35
m
m
m
m
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF BARREL

Ultimate Flexural Strength of Steel (fy) -->
Ultimate Flexural Strength of Concrete(fc')
2.76E+05 KN/m
1.72E+04 KN/m
Allowable Flexural Strength of Steel (fs) =

Allowable Flexural Strength of Concrete(fc) =
0.45 * fy =
0.40 * fc' =
Allowable Shear Stress of Concrete(v)
2.89 * (fc')^0.5 =
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel (Es)

-->
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Ec) -->
Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement (c)
-->
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
|
350 mm
|
|
-----
- -----350 mm |
-/--- | |
| |
|
| |
4.25 m | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
-/--- | 900 mm |
----- -----|
75 mm
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
5.60 m
---*--------------------\\\///\\\///\\\///
5.60 m
--------/
----------------- -----------|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
----------------- --------------------/
----------------- ----------------- ------------------------ ---*-----
|
600 mm
|
/
|
|
----------------- ----/
1.50 m |
|
450 mm
|
Extended Barrel Length = 2 Nos.Barrel Extension Length + Barrel Length

=
7.15 m
Width of Barrel = No.Vents * Width + No.Abutments * Width + No.Piers * Width
(at Bottom Slab)
=
10.50 m
Length of Top Member Adjacent to Abutment =
3.79E+02 KN/m
1.96E+08 KN/m
1.98E+07 KN/m
SCHEMATIC VIEW OF BARREL

|
1.24E+05 KN/m
6.88E+03 KN/m
1.90 m
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-
(Member AC)
Length of Bottom Member Adjacent to Abutment=
(Member BD)
2.03 m
Length of Interior Top and Bottom Members =

(Member CE,EG,GI,DF,FH,&JL)
1.95 m
Length of Piers and Abutments

Member AB,CD,EF,GH,&IJ)
4.88 m
2.2 DESIGN LOADS
LIVE LOAD
Live load is considered negligible when the depth of fill is greater than the
distance between abutments and is greater than 2.5 m.
WARNING: Analysis assumes D > 1 m (distributed load with overlap between wheels)
Depth of Fill(D) =
0.00 m
Distance between Abutments (L) =
9.30 m
D<L
Live Load is Not Negligible.
-*-*-
-*-*-
<-----
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-
9.64 KN/m
(2*.4*20t*9.807)/(4.45*4.15)
-*-*-*-*-*-*-
-*-
Live Load = Load of Rear Wheels / Distributed Area

Load of Rear Wheels = No.Wheels * Load Distribution * Load
Load
178 KN
(H20 Live Vehicle Loading)
Load of Rear Wheels = 2 * 0.4 *
178
142.40 KN
Distributed Area = Length along Embankment * Length traverse to Embankment

Length along Embankment =
1.75 * Depth of Fill

=
0.00 m
Length traverse to Embankment =
1.75 * Depth of Fill + Wheel Spacing

=
0.00 + 1.80 =
1.80 m
OR
= Length of Barrel =
whichever value is less
Use
1.80 m <----Distributed Area =
Live Load
-*-*-
=
-*-*-
4.45 m
1.00
1.80
142.40
1.80
-*-*-
-*-*-
-*-*-
1.80 m
-*-*-
LOAD ON TOP SLAB

Earth Embk.Load = Height * Weight of Soil
=
0.00
*
=
0.00 KN/m
Top Slab Load
= Thickness * Weight of Concrete

=
0.35
*
=
8.26 KN/m
19.60
23.60
Live Load
=
9.64 KN/m
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----Total Load
=
17.90 KN/m
LOAD ON BOTTOM SLAB

Abutment Load
= (No. * Height * Avg.Thickness * Weight of Concrete) / Barrel Width

=
2
*
4.25
*
---------------------------------------------------------
0.48
23.60
0.45
23.60
10.50
=
Pier Load
9.07 KN/m
= (No. * Height * Thickness * Weight of Concrete) / Barrel Width

=
4
*
4.25
*
2
---------------------------------------------------------
10.50
=
17.19 KN/m
Load on Top Slab =

17.90 KN/m
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----Total Load
=
44.17 KN/m
LOAD ON ABUTMENTS
Top Slab C/l
= Ca * (Height Soil + Height Soil Surcharge) * Weight of Soil
The Height of Soil Surcharge is the equivalent height of soil due to the Live Vehicle
Loading.
For H20 Loading, the Height of Soil Surcharge is 0.90 m.
Top Slab C/l
0.58
1.08
Bottom Slab C/l = Ca * (Height Soil + Height Soil Surcharge) * Weight of Soil
=
0.58
*
5.95
*
19.60
12.17 KN/m
19.60
67.33 KN/m
LOAD ON PIERS
The critical design condition for piers is during the maintenance period, when
one vent is full of water and the adjacent vent is empty.
Maximum Water Level
(maintenance period)
Top Slab C/l
0.00 m
= Height * Weight of Water

=
-5.43
*
Bottom Slab C/l = Height * Weight of Water

=
-0.55
*
9.81
-53.22 KN/m
9.81
-5.40 KN/m
SUMMARY OF LOADS
Load on Top Slab
=
Load on Bottom Slab =
17.90 KN/m
44.17 KN/m
Load on Abutments
(Top of Member)
(Bottom of Member)
=
=
12.17 KN/m
67.33 KN/m
Load on Piers
(Top of Member)
(Bottom of Member)
=
=
-53.22 KN/m
-5.40 KN/m
2.3 DISTRIBUTION FACTOR

The Distribution Factor (Dis.Fct.) of each member is calculated by dividing the
member's Stiffness Factor (t/l) by the summation of all Stiffness Factors at each
joint (Sum(t/l)).
A sketch giving the barrel vent, joint and member designation is shown below. Only
half of the barrel is analyzed, the second half is assumed symmetric to the first.
BARREL VENTS, JOINTS AND MEMBERS

A
*-------|
|
| 1
|
|
*-------B
Joint
A
B
C
C
*-------|
|
| 2
|
|
*-------D
E
*-------|
|
| 3
|
|
*-------F
G
*-------|
|
| 4
|
|
*-------H
Member Thick(t) Length(l) t/l Sum(t/l) Dis.Fct.

(m)
(m)
AB
0.35
4.88
AC
0.35
1.90
BA
0.60
4.88
BD
0.90
2.03
CA
0.35
1.90
CD
0.45
4.88
0.009
0.023
0.044
0.360
0.023
0.019
I
*---|
|
| 5
|
|
*---J
K
*
*
L
0.031
0.404
0.063
0.280
0.720
0.110
0.890
0.357
0.296
CE
DB
DC
DF
EC
EF
EG
FD
FE
FH
GE
GH
GI
HF
HG
HJ
IG
IJ
IK
JH
JI
JL
0.35
0.90
0.45
0.90
0.35
0.45
0.35
0.90
0.45
0.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.95
2.03
4.88
1.95
1.95
4.88
1.95
1.95
4.88
1.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.022
0.360
0.019
0.374
0.022
0.019
0.022
0.374
0.019
0.374
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.753
0.063
0.766
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.348
0.478
0.025
0.497
0.351
0.298
0.351
0.488
0.024
0.488
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.4 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION

The Moment-distribution Method developed by Hardy Cross is used to determine the
moments at each joint in the barrel. A brief description of the Moment-distribution
Method is given below:
1. The end moments of each member are first approximated by considering the members
as fixed at both ends.
2. For equilibrium, the sum of the bending moments at each joint must be equal to
zero. The sum of the Fixed End Moments (FEM) calculated above are unlikely to
equal zero, so a balancing moment must be introduced at each joint.
3. The balancing moment at each joint is distributed amongst all the members
meeting at that joint in proportion to their relative stiffness. The relative
stiffness of each member is determined by its Distribution Factor (Dis.Fct.).
The Distributed Moment (DM) applied at the ends of each member is calculated by
multiplying the balancing moment by the member's Distribution Factor.
4. The effect of applying the Distributed Moment at one end of a member, is to produce
a moment of half the magnitude but the same sign at the other end of the member.
This moment at the remote end of the member, is called the Carry-over Moment (COM).
5. The Carry-over Moments produce further unbalanced moments at each joint, which
are then distributed. The carry-over procedure must then be repeated.
Successive operations (Trials) are continued until the unbalanced moments are
negligible. A Resultant Moment (RM) at each member is calculated after each
operation to document how fast the unbalanced moments converge to zero.
TRIAL 1
Joint
Member
Dis.Fct.
FEM
DM
RM
COM
A
AB
0.280
67.80
-17.50
50.29
4.09
AC
0.720
-5.38
-44.91
-50.29
0.05
B
BA
0.110
-89.65
8.17
-81.48
-8.75
BD
0.890
15.09
66.39
81.48
0.26
C
CA
0.357
5.38
0.10
5.49
-22.45
CD
0.296
0.00
0.08
0.08
0.01
CE
0.348
-5.67
0.10
-5.57
0.00
D
DB
0.478
-15.09
0.52
-14.57
33.19
DC
0.025
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.04
DF
0.497
14.00
0.55
14.54
0.00
E
EC
0.351
5.67
0.00
5.67
0.05
EF
0.298
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
EG
0.351
-5.67
0.00
-5.67
0.00
F
FD
0.488
-14.00
0.00
-14.00
0.27
FE
0.024
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
FH
0.488
14.00
0.00
14.00
0.00
G
GE
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
GH
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
GI
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
H
HF
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
HG
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
HJ
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
I
IG
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
IJ
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
IK
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
J
JH
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
JI
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
JL
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.5 SHEAR AND MOMENT ANALYSIS
4 calculate
Once the loads and end moments have been determined, it is possible to
TRIAL 2
DM
-1.16
-2.98
0.93
7.56
8.01
6.63
7.80
-15.90
-0.83
-16.51
-0.02
-0.01
-0.02
-0.13
-0.01
-0.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
RM
53.22
-53.22
-89.30
89.30
-8.96
6.73
2.23
2.73
-0.76
-1.97
5.70
-0.01
-5.69
-13.86
-0.01
13.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
COM
0.47
4.00
-0.58
-7.95
-1.49
-0.41
-0.01
3.78
3.32
-0.07
3.90
0.00
0.01
-8.26
-0.01
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
the end reactions, the locations of zero shear (Loc/sz) and the maximum mid span
moments for each member in the barrel.
Clockwise rotation is considered positive, for both end and mid span moments.
The mid span moments are calculated at the location of zero shear and are the
summation of all moments taken from Joint(1) to the location of zero shear.
Joint
(1)
End
Moment(KNm)
(1)
(2)
(2)
TOP SLAB
A
C
E
G
I
C
E
G
I
K
End
Reaction(KN)
(1)
(2)
Loc/zs(m)
from
Joint(1)
Mid Span
Moment
Max(KNm)
-52.67
3.03
-6.76
0.00
0.00
-10.53
8.17
6.76
0.00
0.00
50.27
11.71
17.45
0.00
0.00
-16.26
23.20
17.45
0.00
0.00
2.81
0.65
0.98
0.00
0.00
17.91
6.86
1.75
0.00
0.00
BOTTOM SLAB
B
D
D
F
F
H
H
J
J
L
89.32
-6.55
18.04
0.00
0.00
4.03
-17.75
-18.04
0.00
0.00
90.82
30.60
43.06
0.00
0.00
-1.38
55.52
43.06
0.00
0.00
2.06
0.69
0.98
0.00
0.00
-4.05
-17.15
-2.95
0.00
0.00
ABUTMENT
A
B
52.67
-89.32
66.96
126.82
2.53
-47.26
PIER (water in right vent)

C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
7.50
-1.42
0.00
0.00
2.52
-0.29
0.00
0.00
-92.92
-90.51
0.00
0.00
-49.95
-52.36
0.00
0.00
8.66
8.74
0.00
0.00
136.55
148.56
0.00
0.00
PIER (water in left vent)

C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
7.50
-1.42
0.00
0.00
2.52
-0.29
0.00
0.00
-88.81
-91.22
0.00
0.00
-54.06
-51.66
0.00
0.00
8.79
8.72
0.00
0.00
-157.41
-145.28
0.00
0.00
DESIGN MOMENTS
Once the moments and shears for all members have been calculated, the maximum values
are chosen for the design of member thickness and reinforcement.
TOP SLAB
Top Tension
Bottom Tension
52.67 KNm
17.91 KNm
ABUTMENTS
Exposed Face Tension
=
Earth Face(Top) Tension =
Earth Face(Bottom) Tension=
47.26 KNm
52.67 KNm
89.32 KNm
BOTTOM SLAB
Top Tension
Bottom Tension
17.15 KNm
89.32 KNm
PIERS
Exposed Face Tension
157.41 KNm
DESIGN SHEARS
TOP SLAB
ABUTMENTS
(Top of Member)
(Bottom of Member)
50.27 KN
BOTTOM SLAB
PIERS
90.82 KN
0.00 KN
66.96 KN
126.82 KN
3.0 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF BARREL
3.1 INPUT DATA AND DESIGN COEFFICIENTS

Ultimate Flexural Strength of Steel (fy) -->
Ultimate Flexural Strength of Concrete(fc')
2.76E+05 KN/m
1.72E+04 KN/m
Allowable Flexural Strength of Steel (fs) =

Allowable Flexural Strength of Concrete(fc) =
0.45 * fy =
0.40 * fc' =
Allowable Shear Stress of Concrete(v)
2.89 * (fc')^0.5 =
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel (Es)

-->
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Ec) -->
Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement (c)
b = Unit Width of Member
1.96E+08 KN/m
1.98E+07 KN/m
-->
1.00 m
75 mm
1.24E+05 KN/m
6.88E+03 KN/m
3.79E+02 KN/m
n = Modular Ratio = Es / Ec =
r = fs /fc =
18.05
k = n/(n + r) =
0.354
j = Lever Arm Coefficient = 1 - k/3 =
R = Resisting Moment Coefficient = fc*j*k/2 =
9.90
0.882
1.07E+03 KN/m
3.2 TOP SLAB
MEMBER THICKNESS
tr = Required Member Thickness = dr + c
The effective depth of the member (dr) is calculated for both the moment and
shear conditions.
dr(Moment) = (M/(R*b))^0.5
M = Design Moment =
R = Resisting Moment Coef. =
b = Unit Width of Member =
dr(Moment)
=
52.67 KNm
1.07E+03 KN/m
1.00 m
221 mm
dr(Shear) = V/(v*b)
V = Design Shear =
v = Allowable Shear Stress of Concrete =
dr(Shear)
=
133 mm
50.27 KN
3.79E+02 KN/m
The effective depth values for moment and shear are compared and the
maximum is used for design.
dr(Moment) > dr(Shear)
Use dr =
c = Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement
tr = dr + c =
221
ta = Actual Member Thickness Provided

ta > tr
221 mm
<-----
50 mm
50
271 mm
350 mm
Design is OK.
<-----
SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT
Ast = Required Area of Steel
= K1 * ta * b
OR
(for ta <= 380 mm)
= K1 * 380 * b
(for ta > 380 mm)
The coefficient K1 depends on the Length of the Member and the Face (Exposed
or Earth Face) being designed. The recommended values for K1 are shown below:
Length of Exposed Earth
Member Face Face
<= 9 m
0.0015
> 9m
0.0020
Ast(Exposed Face)
Use
0.0010
0.0015
Use
Ast(Earth Face)
Length of Barrel =
4.45 m
ta = Actual Thickness of Member =
b = Unit Width of Member = 1.00 m
12 mm
0.0015
@
200 mm c/c
0.0010
12 mm
350
(Ast =
1000
525 mm
565 mm) <-----
200 mm c/c
350 mm
350
(Ast =
1000
350 mm
565 mm) <-----
TOP REINFORCEMENT
M
Ast = Required Area of Steel = ----------fs * j * da
M = Design Moment =
fs = Allowable Flexural Strength of Steel
j = Lever Arm Coef. =
52.67 KNm
=
1.24E+05 KN/m
0.882
da = Actual Effective Depth of Section

= Actual Member Thickness - (Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement)
= ta - c =
350
75
=
52.67
* 1.00E+09
Ast = ---------------------------------------------=
275 mm
1749 mm
1.24E+05
0.882
275
CHECK SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

Length of Member = Width of Barrel (at Top Slab) =
ta = Actual thickness of Member =
K1 (Earth Face)
=
0.0015
Ast =
0.0015
10.00 m > 9 m
350 mm < 380 mm
350
Ast(Moment) > Ast(Shrinkage)
Use
19 mm
1000
525 mm
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
1749 mm
(Ast =
<-----
1890 mm) <-----
BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT
M
17.91
= ---------------------------------------------1.24E+05
*
* 1.00E+09
=
0.882
594 mm
*
275

Length of Member = Width of Barrel (at Top Slab) =
K1 (Exposed Face) =
0.0020
Ast =
0.0020
350
10.00 m > 9 m
350 mm < 380 mm
Ast(Moment) < Ast(Shrinkage)
Use
19 mm
1000
700 mm
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
700 mm <-----
(Ast =
1890 mm) <-----
3.3 BOTTOM SLAB
MEMBER THICKNESS
shear conditions.
M = Design Moment =
dr(Moment)
=
89.32 KNm
1.07E+03 KN/m
1.00 m
288 mm
dr(Shear) = V/(v*b)
V = Design Shear =
dr(Shear)
=
240 mm
90.82 KN
3.79E+02 KN/m
Use dr =
tr = dr + c =
288
288 mm
75 mm
75
363 mm
900 mm
ta > tr Design is OK.

<----WARNING: Actual Member Thickness is considerably larger (>50%) than required.
= K1 * ta * b
OR
(for ta <= 380 mm)
= K1 * 380 * b
(for ta > 380 mm)
<-----
Member Face Face
<= 9 m
0.0015
> 9m
0.0020
Ast(Exposed Face)
Use
0.0010
0.0015
Use
Ast(Earth Face)
Length of Extended Barrel =

0.0015
12 mm
200 mm c/c
0.0010
12 mm
380
(Ast =
900 mm
570 mm
565 mm) <-----
380
300 mm c/c
1000
7.15 m
(Ast =
1000
380 mm
377 mm) <-----
TOP REINFORCEMENT
M
M = Design Moment =
17.15 KNm
=
1.24E+05 KN/m
0.882

= ta - c =
900
75
=
17.15
* 1.00E+09
Ast = ---------------------------------------------=
1.24E+05
*
0.882
825 mm
190 mm
*
825

Length of Member = Width of Barrel(at Bottom Slab) =
K1 (Exposed Face)
=
0.0020
Ast =
0.0020
380
10.50 m > 9 m
900 mm > 380 mm
Ast(Moment) < Ast(Shrinkage)
Use
12 mm
1000
760 mm
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
760 mm
(Ast =
<-----
754 mm) <-----
BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT
M
89.32
= ---------------------------------------------1.24E+05
*
* 1.00E+09
=
0.882
988 mm
*
825

Length of Member = Width of Barrel(at Bottom Slab) =
K1 (Earth Face)
=
0.0015
Ast =
0.0015
380
Use
19 mm
10.50 m > 9 m
900 mm > 380 mm
1000
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
(Ast =
3.4 ABUTMENTS
MEMBER THICKNESS
The thickness of the abutments often increases between the top and bottom of the
member, because the soil pressure increases with depth. To take into consideration
8 the
the variable abutment thickness, the member thickness is checked at both
570 mm
988 mm
<-----
1890 mm) <-----
top and bottom.
THICKNESS AT TOP OF MEMBER

shear conditions.
M = Design Moment =
dr(Moment)
=
52.67 KNm
1.07E+03 KN/m
1.00 m
221 mm
dr(Shear) = V/(v*b)
V = Design Shear =
dr(Shear)
=
177 mm
66.96 KN
3.79E+02 KN/m
Use dr =
tr = dr + c =
221

ta > tr
221 mm
50 mm
50
Design is OK.
<-----
271 mm
350 mm
<-----
THICKNESS AT BOTTOM OF MEMBER

shear conditions.
M = Design Moment =
dr(Moment)
=
89.32 KNm
1.07E+03 KN/m
1.00 m
288 mm
dr(Shear) = V/(v*b)
V = Design Shear =
126.82 KN
dr(Shear)
=
335 mm
3.79E+02 KN/m
dr(Moment) < dr(Shear)
Use dr =
tr = dr + c =
335

ta > tr
Design is OK.
335 mm
<-----
75 mm
75
410 mm
600 mm
<-----
= K1 * ta * b
OR
(for ta <= 380 mm)
= K1 * 380 * b
(for ta > 380 mm)
Member Face Face
<= 9 m
0.0015
> 9m
0.0020
0.0010
0.0015

7.15 m
600 mm
Ast(Exposed Face)
Use
12 mm
Ast(Earth Face)
Use
0.0015
@
200 mm c/c
0.0010
12 mm
380
1000
(Ast =
570 mm
565 mm) <-----
380
300 mm c/c
1000
(Ast =
380 mm
377 mm) <-----
EXPOSED FACE REINFORCEMENT

M
M = Design Moment =
47.26 KNm
=
1.24E+05 KN/m
0.882
The actual Effective Depth of Section is calculated at the point of Zero Shear
(Max.Moment), because the thickness of the abutments often increases between
the top and bottom of the member.
ta(top) = Actual Member Thickness at Top of Member =
ta(bottom) = Actual Member Thickness at Bottom of Member =
l
= Length of Member
=
d(zs)
= Distance to Zero Shear (from top of member) =
350
600
4.88
2.53
mm
mm
m
m
ta(zs) = Actual Member Thickness at point of Zero Shear

= ta(top) + [ta(bottom)-ta(top)] / l * d(zs)
=
480 mm
= ta(zs) - c
=
480
47.26
* 1.00E+09
Ast = ---------------------------------------------=
1.24E+05
*
0.882
75
405 mm
1066 mm
*
405

Length of Member = Height of Barrel(plus Top & Bottom Slab) =
600 mm > 380 mm
K1 (Exposed Face)
=
0.0015
Ast =
0.0015
380
Use
1000
570 mm
Use Ast =
19 mm
150 mm c/c
5.50 m < 9 m
1066 mm
(Ast =
<-----
1890 mm) <-----
EARTH FACE REINFORCEMENT

The Steel Requirement is calculated at both the top and bottom of the member,
because the thickness of the abutments often increases between the top and bottom.
M
M(top) = Design Moment(top)
da(top) = ta(top) - c
=
Ast(top)
52.67 KNm
350
-
52.67
= ---------------------------------------------=
1.24E+05
*
M(bottom) = Design Moment(bottom)

da(bottom) = ta(bottom) - c =
75
275 mm
* 1.00E+09
1749 mm
0.882
600
75
525
275
89.32 KNm
89.32
* 1.00E+09
Ast(bottom) = ---------------------------------------------=
1.24E+05
*
0.882
Use Ast =
525 mm
1553 mm
The Steel Requirement at the top and bottom of the member are compared and the
maximum value is taken for design purposes.
Ast(top) > Ast(bottom)
10 1749 mm

600 mm > 380 mm
K1 (Earth Face)
=
0.0010
Ast =
0.0010
380
Use
19 mm
1000
5.50 m < 9 m
380 mm
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
1749 mm
(Ast =
<-----
1890 mm) <-----
3.5 PIERS
MEMBER THICKNESS
shear conditions.
M = Design Moment =
dr(Moment)
=
157.41 KNm
1.07E+03 KN/m
1.00 m
383 mm
dr(Shear) = V/(v*b)
V = Design Shear =
dr(Shear)
=
0 mm
0.00 KN
3.79E+02 KN/m
Use dr =
tr = dr + c =
383

ta < tr
383 mm
<-----
75 mm
75
458 mm
450 mm
Design is Not OK.
<-----
= K1 * ta * b
OR
(for ta <= 380 mm)
= K1 * 380 * b
(for ta > 380 mm)
Length of Exposed
Member Face
<= 9 m
0.0015
> 9m
0.0020
Ast(Exposed Face)
Use

=
12 mm
0.0015
@
150 mm c/c
380
(Ast =
1000
7.15 m
450 mm
754 mm) <-----
EXPOSED FACE REINFORCEMENT

M
M = Design Moment =
157.41 KNm
=
1.24E+05 KN/m
0.882

11
= ta - c =
450
75
=
375 mm
570 mm
157.41
* 1.00E+09
Ast = ---------------------------------------------=
1.24E+05
*
0.882
3832 mm
*
375

450 mm > 380 mm
K1 (Exposed Face)
=
0.0015
Ast =
0.0015
380
Use
3.6
12 mm
1000
570 mm
Use Ast =
150 mm c/c
5.50 m < 9 m
3832 mm
(Ast =
<-----
754 mm) <-----
QUANTITY AND COST OF MATERIALS
CONCRETE
Unit Cost of Concrete =
Member
No.
0.00 Tk/m
Thick
(mm)
Length
(m)
Wid/Hgt
(m)
Volume
(m)
Cost
(Tk)
Top Slab
1
350
4.45
10.00
15.58
0
Bott.Slab
1
900
4.45
10.50
42.05
0
Abutments
2
475
4.45
4.25
17.97
0
Piers
4
450
4.45
4.25
34.04
0
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------Total
109.64
0
M.S.ROD
Unit Cost of Steel
Member
No.
0.00 Tk/Kg
Length
(m)
Wid/Hgt
(m)
MAIN REINFOR.
SHRINK.REINFOR.
Top/Exp Bot/Ear Exposed Earth
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
Weight
(Kg)
Cost
(Tk)
Top Slab
1
4.45
10.00
1890
1890
565
565
1715
0
Bott.Slab
1
4.45
10.50
754
1890
565
377
1315
0
Abutments
2
4.45
5.50
1890
1890
565
377
1815
0
Piers
4
4.45
5.50
754
754
2318
0
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------Total
7163
0
MATERIAL COST
Cost of Concrete and Steel
= Tk
<------
12
Name of Subproject :
Name of Regulator :
No. of Vent
:
Size of Regulator :
Gomara Beel
Gomara khal Reg.
Two vent
1.50 m x 1.80 m
Design of Wingwall & Apron of Regulator

Design Parameters :
fc' =
fy =
2
17.20 N/mm = 2500 psi
j=
2
7.74 N/mm
gconc =
3
23.60 Kn/m
2
fy = 124.20 N/mm
gs(moist) =
3
17.40 Kn/m
gs(Sat) =
3
18.90 Kn/m
gs(Sub) =
3
9.09 Kn/m
gw(Water)=
3
9.81 Kn/m
fc =
2
276 N/mm = 40000 psi
25
Ka =
R=
Section C-C/G-G
0.41
1.23
Section D-D/H-H
t1
t2
t3
R/S
250
800
800
5400
C/S
250
800
800
5250
Section E-E/I-I
t1
t2
t3
t1
t2
t3
4575
250
728
800
4925
6290
250
450
450
2900
7750 End Sec
4269
250
719
800
4925
5971
250
450
450
2900
7000
t1
Design of Wingwall
t1
h-1000
P1
h
GWL
P2
1000
P3
t3
Pc
Pb
t3
Pa
t2
t2
Calculation of horizontal Pressures
Section D-D/H-H
Section C-C/G-G
Pa
Pb
Pc
Section E-E/I-I
Pa
Pb
Pc
Pa
Pb
Pc
R/S
31.39
3.73
9.80
28.00
3.73
9.80
13.55
3.73
9.80
C/S
30.32
3.73
9.80
28.00
3.73
9.80
13.55
3.73
9.80
Calculation of horizontal forces & moments
R/S
C/S
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
Section C-C/G-G
Wt
Lever
(Kn)
Arm
(m)
69.06 2.47
31.39 0.50
6.76 0.33
107.21
Kn
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
64.43
30.32
6.76
101.51
2.42
0.50
0.33
Kn
Section D-D/H-H
Moments
(kn-m)
Wt
(Kn)
170.34
P1 =
15.69
P2 =
2.25
P3 =
188.29 Kn-m Sum
54.95
28.00
6.76
155.70
P1 =
15.16
P2 =
2.25
P3 =
173.12 Kn-m Sum
54.95
28.00
6.76
Checking of depth
R/S
D-D C-C
Sec.
dreq
(mm)
davail
(mm)
89.72
89.72
Lever
Arm
(m)
2.31
0.50
0.33
Kn
Section E-E/I-I
Moments
(kn-m)
2.31
0.50
0.33
Kn
Wt
126.85
P1 =
14.00
P2 =
2.25
P3 =
143.10 Kn-m Sum
12.88
13.55
6.76
33.19
Lever
Arm
(m)
1.63
0.50
0.33
Kn
126.85
P1 =
14.00
P2 =
2.25
P3 =
143.10 Kn-m Sum
12.88
13.55
6.76
33.19
1.63
0.50
0.33
Kn
(Kn)
Required steel area (mm)

Earth face
Main
Shrinkage
Exposed face
Main
Shrinkage
392
715
OK
2409
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
342
643
OK
2036
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
Moments
(kn-m)
21.03
6.78
2.25
30.06 Kn-m
21.03
6.78
2.25
30.06 Kn-m
E-E
I - I H-H G-G
C/S
157
365
OK
754
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
376
715
OK
2215
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
342
634
OK
2065
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
157
365
OK
754
mm
760
mm
570
mm
570
mm
t1
Design of Apron
t1
h-1000
P1
h
GWL
P2
1000 + t3/2
P3
t3
t3/2
Pc
Pb
Pa
t2
t2
Calculation of horizontal Pressures

Section D-D/H-H
Section C-C/G-G
Pa
Pb
Pc
Section E-E/I-I
Pa
Pb
Pc
Pa
Pb
Pc
R/S
31.39
5.22
13.72
28.00
5.08
13.37
13.55
4.57
12.01
C/S
30.32
5.22
13.72
28.00
5.07
13.32
13.55
4.57
12.01
R/S
C/S
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
Section C-C/G-G
Wt
Lever
(Kn)
Arm
(m)
69.06 2.87
43.95 0.70
13.26 0.47
Mend =
126.26 Kn
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
64.43 2.82
42.45 0.70
13.26 0.47
120.13 Kn
Mend =
Section D-D/H-H
Moments
(kn-m)
Wt
(Kn)
197.96
30.76
6.19
234.91 Kn-m
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
54.95
39.20
12.92
107.07
181.47
29.71
6.19
217.37 Kn-m
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
54.95 2.71
39.20 0.70
12.87 0.47
107.03 Kn
Section C-C/G-G
R/S
Concrete
66.91
C/S
65.05
Mwing =
Mend =
Section E-E/I-I
Moments
(kn-m)
Wt
(Kn)
w kn
35.34
Concrete
56.84
27.29
36.43
56.31
Lever
Arm
(m)
1.86
0.61
0.41
Mend =
Kn
148.83
27.44
6.03
182.30 Kn-m
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
12.88
16.60
10.15
39.63
148.83
27.44
6.01
182.28 Kn-m
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Total
12.88 1.86
16.60 0.61
10.15 0.41
Mend =
39.63 Kn
Section D-D/H-H
Soil W kn
28.07
94.97
92.33
Lever
Arm
(m)
2.71
0.70
0.47
Mend =
Kn
Moments
(kn-m)
23.93
10.17
4.14
38.24 Kn-m
23.93
10.17
4.14
38.24 Kn-m
Section E-E/I-I
Soil W kn
22.25
79.08
w kn
22.54
Concrete
23.95
21.83
23.36
23.95
78.14
Soil W kn
5.48
29.44
5.48
29.44
w kn
7.18
7.90
Critical bottom tension moment at exposed face wingwall
Mend - Wx + wx
Where, x = Distance from wingwall centroid to wingwall exposed face

Mmid =
Mend - W(L/2 + x) + w{(L + t2)/2}/2
Section C-C/G-G
Mwing
R/S
X
Kn-m Kn-m
190.13 0.522
Mmid
Kn-m
95.68
Mc (Kn-m)
(Water face)
-89.90 Kn-m
Section D-D/H-H
Mwing
X
Kn-m Kn-m
148.27 0.460
Mmid
Kn-m
35.92
Mc (Kn-m)
(Water face)
-99.72 Kn-m
Section E-E/I-I
Mwing
Kn-m
31.34
X
Kn-m
0.24
Mmid
Mc (Kn-m)
Kn-m (Water face)
-22.59 -49.11 Kn-m
1.398 Use 1.4m

174.12 0.522 89.08
Cur ht 1.369 Use 1.4m
1.257 Use 1.3m

149.29 0.453 44.29
1.248 Use 1.3m
Cur ht
C/S
-82.43 Kn-m
Checking of depth
C/S
I - I H-H G-G
R/S
E-E D-D C-C
Sec.
dreq
(mm)
0.7925 Use 1.0m

31.36
0.24
-17.07
0.792 Use.1.0m
-94.18 Kn-m
davail
(mm)
Earth face
Main
Shrinkage
Exposed face
Main
Shrinkage
Remarks
Calculated
distance 'd'
Curtailment
394
715
OK
2433
mm
760
mm
1150
mm
570
mm
Should not made
348
715
OK
1897
mm
760
mm
1276
mm
570
mm
1.80
Should be made
160
365
OK
786
mm
760
mm
1231
mm
570
mm
0.85
Should be made
377
715
OK
2228
mm
760
mm
1055
mm
570
mm
mm
Should not made
349
715
OK
1910
mm
760
mm
1205
mm
570
mm
1.86
mm
Should be made
160
365
OK
786
mm
760
mm
1118
mm
570
mm
0.86
mm
Should be made
Summary of Reinforcement details
E-E D-D C-C E-E D-D C-C
Apron
Wing
Apron
C/S
Earth face
Shrinkage (S1 /S2)
Main
I - I H-H G-G I - I H-H G-G
Wing
Sec.
R/S
-44.61 Kn-m
Exposed face
Shrinkage (S3 /S4)
Main
22
158
12
150
12
200
12
198
19
139
12
150
12
200
12
198
16
267
12
150
12
200
12
198
22
156
12
150
16
175
12
198
19
149
12
149
16
158
12
198
16
256
12
150
16
163
12
198
22
172
12
150
12
200
12
198
19
137
12
150
12
200
12
198
16
267
12
150
12
200
12
198
22
171
12
150
16
191
12
198
19
148
12
150
16
167
12
198
16
256
12
150
16
180
12
198
t1
t1
S1
E1
S3
W1
h
S2
W2
E2
S4
t3
t2
t2
L
Reinforcement of wingwall & Apron
Recommended reinforcement details

Earth face
Recommd. (E1 + E2)
Wing
I - I H-H
Apron
G-G
C/S
E-E D-D C-C E-E D-D C-C
Apron
R/S
I - I H-H G-G
Wing
Main
Main
Exposed/Earth face
Recommd. (W 1 + W 2)
22
158
22
150
12
200
12
200
19
139
19
140
12
200
12
200
16
267
16
150
12
200
12
200
22
156
22
150
16
175
16
170
19
149
19
140
16
158
16
160
16
256
16
150
16
163
16
160
22
172
22
170
12
200
12
200
19
137
19
140
12
200
12
200
16
267
16
200
12
200
12
200
22
171
22
170
16
191
16
180
19
148
19
140
16
167
16
170
16
256
16
200
16
180
16
170
Name of Regulator :
No. of Vent
:
Size of Regulator :
Gomara Beel
Gomara khal Reg.
Two vent
1.50 m x 1.80 m
Design of Return wall of Regulator

Design Parameters :
fc' =
fy =
2
17.20 N/mm = 2500 psi
2
276 N/mm = 40000 psi
j=
25
gconc =
23.60 Kn/m
gs(moist) =
17.40 Kn/m
gs(Sat) =
18.90 Kn/m
gs(Sub) =
9.09 Kn/m
gw(Water)=
3
9.81 Kn/m
7.74 N/mm
fs =
124.20 N/mm
Ka =
0 KPa
C=
fc =
0.41
R=
1.23
Section F-F/J-J
3
3
3
3
Base
t1
t2
t3
B1
B2
Width
R/S
250
450
450
2900
1350
900
2700
C/S
250
450
450
2900
1350
900
2700
Stability Analysis
t1
S3
h-1000
S1
S2
W1
P1
GWL
S5
S4
W2
B2
1000+ t3
P2
W3
P3
Pc
Pb
t2
B1
Pa
Calculation of horizontal Pressures at the boottom of Toe

Section F-F/J-J
Pa
Pb
Pc
R/S
13.55
5.40
14.21
C/S
13.55
5.40
14.21
R/S
C/S
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
P1 =
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
Section F-F/J-J
Wt
Lever
(Kn)
Arm
(m)
12.88 2.08
19.65 0.73
14.22 0.48
46.75 Kn
12.88
19.65
14.22
46.75
2.08
0.73
0.48
Kn
Moments
(kn-m)
26.83
14.25
6.87
47.95 Kn-m
26.83
14.25
6.87
47.95 Kn-m
For sliding stability, required width of the Base, B =
1821 mm for R/S

1774 mm for C/S
Percentage of Base width corresponding to Stem height =
Sec.
Return Wall Stabilizing forces

Wt
Lever
(Kn)
Arm
Moments
(Kn-m)
54.4% for R/S

52.9% for C/S
Used,
Used,
Used,
Used,
t3
2700
2700
80.6%
80.6%
m
m
R/S
C/S
F-F
J-J
W1 =
W2 =
W3 =
S1 =
S2 =
S3 =
S4 =
S5 =
(m)
1.025
1.217
1.35
2.025
1.316
2.108
2.025
1.327
17.11
6.84
28.67
44.63
2.28
2.17
12.27
0.31
114.29 Kn
17.54
8.33
38.71
90.38
3.00
4.57
24.85
0.42
187.78 Kn-m
W1 =
W2 =
17.11
6.84
1.025
1.217
17.54
8.33
W3 =
S1 =
S2 =
S3 =
28.67
44.63
2.28
2.17
1.35
2.025
1.316
2.108
38.71
90.38
3.00
4.57
S4 =
S5 =
2.025
1.327
12.27
0.31
114.29 Kn
24.85
0.42
187.78 Kn-m
R/S
Facor of Safety against

Overtuning
Sliding
3.92 >1.5 OK
1.14 <1.5 Not OK
C/S
3.92 >1.5 OK
1.14 <1.5 Not OK
Ecentricity
e
R/S
0.127 m
C/S
Foudation Pressure
P1
P4
Check
0.127 m
< L/6 =
< L/6 =
0.45
0.45
P1 / P4
OK
2
54.23 Kn/m
2
30.43 Kn/m
1.78
OK
1.78
54.23 Kn/m
30.43 Kn/m
t1
Design of Stem
h-1000
P1
GWL
P2
1000
P3
B2
t3
Pc
Pb
t3
Pa
B1
Calculation of horizontal Pressures at the base of Stem

Section F-F/J-J
Pa
Pb
Pc
R/S
13.55
3.73
9.80
C/S
13.55
3.73
9.80
P1 =
Section F-F/J-J
Wt
Lever
(Kn)
Arm
(m)
12.88 1.63
Moments
(kn-m)
21.03
t2
R/S
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
13.55
6.76
33.19
0.50
0.33
Kn
P1 =
12.88
1.63
P2 =
P3 =
Sum
13.55
6.76
33.19
0.50
0.33
Kn
M/2
C/S
Shear Stress Check, N/mm

N/mm2
vcal
vall
0.09 0.38 O.K
0.86 Used
1.00 m
6.78
2.25
30.06 Kn-m
15.032 Curt. Ht
21.03
6.78
2.25
30.06 Kn-m
15.032 Curt. Ht
M/2
Checking of depth
0.86
1.00 m
R/S
Sec.
F-F
dreq
(mm)
157
davail
(mm)
365
OK
Earth face
Main
Shrinkage
754 mm
380 mm
C/S
J-J
157
365
OK
754
mm
380 mm
Exposed face
Main
Shrinkage
570 mm
570
mm
570
mm
570
mm
Design of Heel & Toe

t1
t3
t2
B1
B2
P4
P3
P2
R/S
P1
2
54.23 Kn/m
C/S
2
54.23 Kn/m
P1
Calculation of Foundation Pressures

P2
P3
P4
2
2
2
15.87 Kn/m
11.90 Kn/m
30.43 Kn/m
2
15.87 Kn/m
2
11.90 Kn/m
2
30.43 Kn/m
Design of Heel
Design of Toe
R/S
Moment at Earth face of Stem

-46.45 Kn-m Top tension
Moment at Exposed face of Stem

12.48 Kn-m Bottom tension
C/S
-46.45
Kn-m Top tension
Kn-m Bottom tension
12.48
Checking of depth
R/S
C/S
dreq
Section
(mm)
F-F
Heel
195
J-J
davail
(mm)
365
OK
Top face
Main
1164 mm
Bottom face
Main
Shrinkage
570 mm
Toe
101
365
OK
1164 mm
570 mm
mm
313 mm
Heel
195
365
OK
1164 mm
570 mm
313
Toe
101
365
OK
1164 mm
570 mm
313
313
mm
mm
Shrinkage
570 mm
570
mm
570
mm
mm
570
Summary of Reinforcement Details

Earth face
Section
Stem
R/S
16
16
Main
16
16
16
Main
F-F
Heel
Toe
Stem
C/S
16
Main
J-J
Heel
Toe
267
Top face
173
173
12
Main
Shrinkage (T2 / B2)

12
@ 200
12
@ 200
12
12
Main
@
@
300
12
Shrinkage
@ 200
@ 200
12
12
Main
@
@
267
12
Top face
173
173
Exposed face
Shrinkage (E2)
12
@ 300
12
12
200
Bottom face
200
200
12
Shrinkage (W2)
@ 200
Shrinkage (T2 / B2)

12
@ 200
12
@ 200
200
Bottom face
12
@ 200
200
200
12
12
Shrinkage
@ 200
@ 200
E1
W1
E2
W2
T2
T1
12
B1
@ 300
B2
Reinforcement of Return Wall

R/S
C/S
Section
Stem
F-F
Heel
Toe
16
16
16
Main
Stem
Heel
Toe
16
16
16
J-J
@
@
@
Earth face/Top Face

Recommd. (E1 + T1)
267
173
173
16
16
16
@
@
@
250
160
160
12
12
12
Exposed face/Bottom face

Recommd. (W 1 + B1)
Main
@
200
12 @ 150
@
200
12 @ 200
@
200
12 @ 150
267
173
173
16
16
16
@
@
@
250
160
160
12
12
12
@
@
@
200
200
200
12
12
12
@
@
@
150
200
150
Name of Regulator :
No. of Vent
:
Size of Regulator :
Gomara Beel
Gomara khal Reg.
Two vent
1.50 m x 1.80 m
Design of Barrel Part of Regulator
Design Parameters :
2
fc' = 17.20 N/mm = 2500 psi
fy =
j=
2
276 N/mm = 40000 psi
25
2
7.74 N/mm
fc =
2
fs = 124.20 N/mm
Ko =
0.58
R=
1.23
Required Input Data

t1
350
t2
750
t3
750
h
5850
Surcharge
300 mm
L
1200
t1
gconc =
3
23.60 Kn/m
gs(moist) =
3
17.40 Kn/m
gs(Sat) =
3
18.90 Kn/m
gs(Sub) =
3
9.09 Kn/m
gs(Water )=
3
9.81 Kn/m
Live Load
H 10
t1
t1
h
GWL
1000
t3
t2
t2
L
1550
475
a
5025
6400
b
GWL
1375
B
D
1950
pa
Centre Line
Wheel load is distributed over a width, E = 4 + 0.06S,
Where S is the effective span of the Slab if ft.
E=
4.31 ft
pb
pa + pb
pc pw
pcm pw + pc - pcm
1.31 m
Load on Rear Wheel =
39.24 Kn
Load Per meter
38.87 Kn/m (30% Impact included)
Load Calculations
Consider 1 meter strip along the width
Load on top Slab :
Top Slab
Live load
=
=
8.26 Kn/m
38.87 Kn/m
Load on Bottom Slab :

Abutment Load
=
56.25
Load from Top Slab = 20.21
Abutment Side soil =
45.59
Total = 122.04
Kn/m
Kn/m
Kn/m
Kn/m
Calculation of Horizontal Pressures

pa =
2
4.79 Kn/m
pb =
2
50.71 Kn/m
pc =
2
7.25 Kn/m
pw =
2
13.49 Kn/m
pcm =
2
13.88 Kn/m
pa + pb + pcm =
2
69.38 Kn/m
pc + pw - pcm =
2
6.86 Kn/m
38.87 Kn
8.26 Kn/m
4.79
4.79
Kn/m
GWL
1.38 m
6.86
69.38
69.38
122.04 Kn/m
Stiffness, distribution factor, FEM

Joint MemberThick (t) Length t3/L
Sum Dist.
FEM
in m. in m.
Factor Kn-m
A
AB
0.35 6.400 0.0067 0.0344 0.195 105.843
AC
0.35 1.550 0.0277
0.805
-9.184
B
BA
BD
0.75
0.75
6.400 0.0659 0.2823 0.234 ######

1.950 0.2163
0.766 38.672
CA
CD
0.35
0.35
1.550 0.0277 0.0344 0.805

6.400 0.0067
0.195
DC
DB
0.75
0.75
6.400 0.0659 0.2823 0.234 159.696

1.950 0.2163
0.766 -38.672
9.184
-105.84
6.86 Kn/m
6.86 Kn-m
Member AB, CD
69.38 Kn-m
64.59 Kn-m
4.79 Kn-m
D
126.50 KN-m
C
92.18
6.400 m
RD = 162.87 Kn
RC = 79.21 Kn
Let Shear force is zero at distance x from C,
X = 3.515 m
Maxm. Moment = 83.58 Kn-m (Water face in tension)
38.87 Kn
8.26 Kn-m
Member AC
C
92.18 KN-m
A
92.18
1.55 m
RC =
RA = 25.83 Kn
25.83 Kn
Maxm. Moment =-74.64 Kn-m (Water face in tension)

122.04 Kn-m
Member BD
D
126.50 KN-m
B
126.50
1.95 m
RD = 118.99 Kn
RC = ##### Kn
Maxm. Moment =-68.49 Kn-m (Water face in tension)

Final Bending Moment
92.18 KN-m
92.18
92.18
KN-m
92.18 KN-m
74.64 KN-m
83.58 KN-m
B
126.50
68.49 KN-m
83.58
D
126.50 KN-m
126.50 KN-m
126.50
Checking of depth
dreq
davail
(mm) (mm)
Top Slab
274
265 Not OK
Bottom Slab
321
665
OK
Abutments (bot) 321
665
OK
Abutments (mid) 261
265
OK
Component
Component
Top Slab
Bottom Slab
22
12
Abutments
22
KN-m

Earth face/Top face
Main
Shrinkage
Main
Shrinkage
3183 mm
380 mm
2577 mm
570 mm
942 mm
570 mm
1740 mm
380 mm
1740 mm
380 mm
1150 mm
570 mm
2885 mm
380 mm
2885 mm
570 mm
Required MS Bars
Top face
Main
Shrinkage (S1 / B2)
@ 119
12
@ 300
@ 122
12
@ 200
Earth face
Main
Shrinkage (S3)
@ 218
12
@ 300
Bottom face
16
22
22
Main
Shrinkage (B1 / S2)

80
12
@ 200
220
12
@ 300
Exposed face
Main
Shrinkage (B3)
@ 132
12
@ 200
E1
S1
t1
t1
t1
E1
B1
S3
W1
B3
W3
h
S2
W2
B2
E3
t3
E2
t2
t2
Component
Top Slab
Bottom Slab
22
12
Abutments
22
Top face
Recommended (E1 / W2)
119
@ 130
22
122
@ 150
12
Earth face
Main
Recommended (E3)
@ 218
@ 130
22
Main
16
19
19
Bottom face
Recommended (W1 / E2)
80
@ 150
16
220
@ 130
22
Exposed face
Main
Recommended (W3)
@ 132
@ 130
22
Main
0.766
38.672
92.761
#####
42.771
#####
#####
#####
9.882
#####
-14.132
10.341
-6.516
5.433
-3.101
2.791
-92.181
9.423
-13.032
5.170
-6.202
2.716
-3.011
######
D
0.766
-38.672
-92.761
46.381
-42.771
21.386
#####
10.177
-9.882
#####
18.845
-28.263
-38.907
77.813
9.184
0.805
C
0.195
0.234
38.907
#####
-9.184
0.805
A
######
######
11.525
-11.216
22.432
-21.349
42.697
######
0.195
92.181
#####
11.216
#####
21.349
#####
0.234
######
-9.423
28.263
13.032
-18.845
-10.341
6.202
-5.170
14.132
6.516
3.011
-2.716
-5.433
3.101
######
-2.791
92.181
#####
Name of Regulator :
No. of Vent
:
Size of Regulator :
Gomara Beel
Gomara khal Reg.
Two vent
1.50 m x 1.80 m
Design of Barrel Part of Regulator
Note : One truck on top slab
Design Parameters :
2
fc' =
25 N/mm = 2500 psi
2
fy =
415 N/mm = 40000 psi
j=
2
11.25 N/mm
2
fs = 186.75 N/mm
25
R=
Ko =
gs(Water )=
1.78
3
23.60 Kn/m
3
17.40 Kn/m
gconc =
fc =
gs(moist) =
3
18.90 Kn/m
3
9.09 Kn/m
gs(Sat) =
0.58
3
gs(Sub) =
9.81 Kn/m
Required Input Data

Clear height of box (h)
Clear width of box (L)
Top slab thickness (t1)
Bottom slab thickness (t3)
Side wall thickness top(t1)
Side wall thickness bottom(t2)
Middle wall thickness(tm)
Live Load
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
= H
t1
3600
3125
300
350
300
300
350
20
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
Embankment Crest Level

Invert Level of Box
Groundwater depth
Box top level
Depth of earthfill
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Total top width

Total bottom width
tm
12
8.1
2400
12.00
0.00
7.20
7.20
m,PWD
m,PWD
mm
m,PWD
m
m
m
t1
t1
h
GWL
2400
t3
t2
tm
3450
A
3450
B
t2
150
C
1350
3925
GWL
2575
3450
3450
Centre Line
Wheel load is distributed over a width, E = 4 + 0.06S,

Where S is the effective span of the Slab if ft.
E=
4.67 ft
=
1.43 m
Load on Rear Wheel =
78.48 Kn
Load Per meter
=
71.60 Kn/m (30% Impact included)
Pressure area
=
m2
Pressure on to slab =
Kn/m2
Load Calculations
Consider 1 meter strip along the width
Load on top Slab :
Top Slab
=
Top soil load =
7.08 Kn/m
0 Kn/m
pa
pb
pa+pb
pc pw
pw + pc - pcm
Live load
=
Total load
=
Load on Bottom Slab :
Abutment Load
=
Middle wall Load
=
Load from Top Slab
=
Abutment Side soil
=
Total =
71.60 Kn/m
7.08 Kn/m
7.08
4.13
26.97
0.00
38.18
(concentrated load)
Kn/m
Kn/m
Kn/m
Kn/m
Kn/m
Calculation of Horizontal Pressures

pa =
pb =
pc =
pw =
pcm =
pa + pb + pcm =
pc + pw - pcm =
1.51
13.62
13.58
25.26
25.99
41.12
12.85
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
Kn/m2
71.60 Kn
7.08 Kn/m
1.51
1.51
Kn/m
k 0.6561
GWL
2.58 m
12.85 Kn/m
41.12
41.12 Kn/m
12.85 Kn/m
38.18 Kn/m
Stiffness, distribution factor, FEM
Joint
A
Member Thick (t)

in m.
AB
0.30
AF
0.30
Length
t3/L
Sum
Dist.
in m.
Factor
3.450 0.00783 0.0147 0.532
3.925 0.0069
0.468
FEM
Kn-m
37.90
-26.59
Joint
D
Member Thick (t)

in m.
DC
0.30
DE
0.35
Length t3/L
Sum
Dist.
in m.
Factor
3.925 0.0069 0.0193 0.356
3.450 0.0124
0.644
FEM
Kn-m
-39.17
37.87
BA
BC
BE
0.30
0.30
0.35
3.450 0.00783 0.0266

3.450 0.00783
3.925 0.0109
0.294
0.294
0.411
-37.90
7.02
0.00
ED
EF
EB
0.35
0.35
0.35
3.450 0.0124 0.0358 0.347

3.450 0.0124
0.347
3.925 0.0109
0.305
-37.87
37.87
0.00
CB
CD
0.30
0.30
3.450 0.00783 0.0147

3.925 0.0069
0.532
0.468
-7.02
26.59
FE
FA
0.35
0.30
3.450 0.0124 0.0193 0.644

3.925 0.0069
0.356
-37.87
39.17
12.85 Kn/m
Member AF, CD
41.12 Kn/m
39.61 Kn/m
1.51 Kn/m
D
42.05 KN-m
C
15.26
3.925 m
RC = 25.67 Kn
Let Shear force is zero at distance x from C,
X=
RD =
74.55 Kn
2.111 m
Maxm. Moment =
19.74 Kn-m
(Water face in tension)
71.60 Kn
7.08
Member AB
Kn/m
A
34.54
B
29.43 KN-m
3.450 m
RA =
Maxm. Moment =
Member FE
RB =
49.49 Kn
40.30 Kn-m
46.53 Kn
38.18 Kn/m
F
36.63
35.16 KN-m
3.450 m
RF =
RE =
66.28 Kn
Maxm. Moment =
20.91 Kn-m
Checking of depth
dreq
davail
(mm) (mm)
Top Slab
139
265
Bottom Slab
143
265
Abutments (bot)
154
215
Abutments (mid) 105
215
Component
Component
Top Slab
Bottom Slab
16
16
Abutments
16
OK
OK
OK
OK
65.43 Kn

Earth face/Top face
Main
Shrinkage
Main
Shrinkage
793 mm
570 mm
925 mm
760 mm
570 mm
570 mm
841 mm
760 mm
1190 mm
570 mm
1190 mm
760 mm
559 mm
570 mm
559 mm
760 mm
Required MS Bars
Top face
Main
Shrinkage (S1 / B2)
@ 254
12
@ 200
@ 355
12
@ 200
Earth face
Main
Shrinkage (S3)
@ 169
12
@ 200
Middle Wall steel required =

Spacing
16 mm dia @
760
266
Bottom face
16
16
16
Main
Shrinkage (B1 / S2)

219
12
@ 151
241
12
@ 151
Exposed face
Main
Shrinkage (B3)
@ 360
12
@ 151
mm
mm c/c
Component
Top Slab
Bottom Slab
16
16
Abutments
16
Top face
Recommended (E1 / W2)
254
@ 250
16
355
@ 300
16
Earth face
Main
Recommended (E3)
@ 169
@ 150
16
Main
16
16
16
Bottom face
Recommended (W1 / E2)
219
@ 200
16
241
@ 225
16
Exposed face
Main
Recommended (W3)
@ 360
@ 300
16
Main

E1
t1
S1
tm
t1
E1
B1
W1
B3
W3
16
16
W2
B2
E3
@
@
266
266
16
16
S2
@
@
266
266
S3
t3
E2
t2
A
JOINT
M EM BER AB
STIFFNESS0.008
DF
FEM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
BAL
COM
AF
BA
0.007 0.008
0.532 0.468 0.294
37.90 -26.59 -37.90
-6.02 -5.29 9.09
4.55 -0.23 -3.01
-2.30 -2.02 2.42
1.21
0.47 -1.15
-0.89 -0.79 1.04
0.52
0.35 -0.45
-0.46 -0.41 0.50
0.25
0.18 -0.23
-0.23 -0.20 0.25
0.12
0.09 -0.11
-0.11 -0.10 0.12
0.06
0.05 -0.06
-0.06 -0.05 0.06
0.03
0.02 -0.03
-0.03 -0.03 0.03
0.02
0.01 -0.01
B
BC
tm
CB
CD
DC
BE
0.008 0.011 0.008 0.007 0.007
0.294 0.411 0.532 0.468 0.356
7.02
0.00 -7.02 26.59 -39.17
9.09
12.69 -10.41 -9.15
0.47
-5.21
0.00
4.55
0.23
-4.58
2.42
3.38 -2.54 -2.24
1.63
-1.27 -1.10 1.21
0.82
-1.12
1.04
1.45 -1.08 -0.95
0.79
-0.54 -0.70 0.52
0.40
-0.47
0.50
0.69 -0.49 -0.43
0.42
-0.24 -0.36 0.25
0.21
-0.21
0.25
0.34 -0.24 -0.21
0.20
-0.12 -0.18 0.12
0.10
-0.11
0.12
0.17 -0.12 -0.11
0.10
-0.06 -0.09 0.06
0.05
-0.05
0.06
0.09 -0.06 -0.05
0.05
-0.03 -0.05 0.03
0.03
-0.03
0.03
0.04 -0.03 -0.03
0.03
-0.01 -0.02 0.02
0.01
-0.01
D
DE
ED
0.012 0.012
0.644 0.347
37.87
-37.87
0.84
0.00
0.00
0.42
2.95
-2.20
-1.10
1.47
1.43
-1.39
-0.70
0.71
0.75
-0.72
-0.36
0.38
0.37
-0.36
-0.18
0.18
0.19
-0.18
-0.09
0.09
0.09
-0.09
-0.05
0.05
0.05
-0.05
-0.02
0.02
E
F
EB
EF
FE
FA
0.012 0.011 0.012 0.007
0.347 0.305 0.644 0.356
0.00 37.87 -37.87 39.17
0.00
0.00
-0.84 -0.47
6.35
-0.42
0.00
-2.64
-2.20 -1.94
1.70
0.94
1.69
0.85
-0.97 -1.01
-1.39 -1.23
1.27
0.70
0.72
0.64
-0.61 -0.39
-0.72 -0.63
0.65
0.36
0.35
0.32
-0.32 -0.20
-0.36 -0.32
0.33
0.19
0.17
0.17
-0.16 -0.10
-0.18 -0.16
0.17
0.09
0.09
0.08
-0.08 -0.05
-0.09 -0.08
0.08
0.05
0.04
0.04
-0.04 -0.03
-0.05 -0.04
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
-0.02 -0.01
t2
BAL
-0.01
COM
0.01
BAL
-0.01
COM
0.00
BAL
0.00
COM
0.00
BAL
0.00
TOTAL 34.54
-0.01 0.02
0.01 -0.01
-0.01 0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-34.54 -29.43
0.02
-0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13.06
0.02 -0.01 -0.01

-0.01 0.01
0.01
0.01 -0.01 -0.01
-0.01 0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16.37 -15.26 15.26
0.01
-0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-42.05
0.02
-0.01
0.01
-0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
42.05
-0.02
0.01
-0.01
0.01
-0.01
0.00
0.00
-39.56
-0.02
0.01
-0.01
0.01
-0.01
0.00
0.00
4.40
-0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
-0.01 -0.01
-0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-0.01
0.00
-0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
35.16 -36.63 36.63

Steel Design

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Steel Design

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Shankibhanga Khal Subproject, Upazila : Ghatail , District : Tangail

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF BARREL

Live Vehicle Loading(H10 or H20) ->

Unit Weight of Steel -->

Angle of Internal Friction () -->

Top Slab Thickness

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF BARREL

Allowable Flexural Strength of Steel (fs) =

Allowable Shear Stress of Concrete(v)

Modulus of Elasticity of Steel (Es)

Extended Barrel Length = 2 Nos.Barrel Extension Length + Barrel Length

SCHEMATIC VIEW OF BARREL

Length of Interior Top and Bottom Members =

Length of Piers and Abutments

2.2 DESIGN LOADS

Live Load is Not Negligible.

Live Load = Load of Rear Wheels / Distributed Area

(H20 Live Vehicle Loading)

Load of Rear Wheels = 2 * 0.4 *

Distributed Area = Length along Embankment * Length traverse to Embankment

1.75 * Depth of Fill

Length traverse to Embankment =

1.75 * Depth of Fill + Wheel Spacing

LOAD ON TOP SLAB

= Thickness * Weight of Concrete

LOAD ON BOTTOM SLAB

= (No. * Height * Avg.Thickness * Weight of Concrete) / Barrel Width

= (No. * Height * Thickness * Weight of Concrete) / Barrel Width

Load on Top Slab =

= Ca * (Height Soil + Height Soil Surcharge) * Weight of Soil

Top Slab C/l

= Height * Weight of Water

Bottom Slab C/l = Height * Weight of Water

2.3 DISTRIBUTION FACTOR

BARREL VENTS, JOINTS AND MEMBERS

Member Thick(t) Length(l) t/l Sum(t/l) Dis.Fct.

2.4 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION

2.5 SHEAR AND MOMENT ANALYSIS

PIER (water in right vent)

PIER (water in left vent)

3.0 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF BARREL

3.1 INPUT DATA AND DESIGN COEFFICIENTS

Allowable Flexural Strength of Steel (fs) =

Allowable Shear Stress of Concrete(v)

Modulus of Elasticity of Steel (Es)

b = Unit Width of Member

3.2 TOP SLAB

c = Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement

ta = Actual Member Thickness Provided

565 mm) <-----

565 mm) <-----

da = Actual Effective Depth of Section

CHECK SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

Ast(Moment) > Ast(Shrinkage)

1890 mm) <-----

CHECK SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

Ast(Moment) < Ast(Shrinkage)

1890 mm) <-----

3.3 BOTTOM SLAB

c = Coverage + 1/2 Dia.Reinforcement

ta = Actual Member Thickness Provided

ta > tr Design is OK.

Length of Extended Barrel =