1. The vitamin thiamin is involved in which of these reactions? a. transfer of two carbons from pyruvate to Acetyl CoA b.

NAD reduction in the formation of alpha-ketoglutarate from isocitrate c. the phosphorylation of glucose d. the binding of magnesium to ATP e. the digestion of lipids 2. The free calcium concentration in the plasma is about 10-2 moles /liter. The concentration in the cytoplasm of most cells is about a. 102 moles /liter b. 100 moles /liter c. 10-1 moles /liter d. 10-2 moles /liter e. 10-6 moles /liter 3. The disease beriberi is associated with a deficiency of a. tocopherol b. cobalamin c. thiamin d. ascorbic acid e. glutamic acid 4. Riboflavin is required for chemical reactions involved in a. transferring hydrogen ions to the electron transport chain b. transferring hydrogen ions during fatty acid oxidation c. reoxidizing ascorbic acid d. all of the above e. a & b 5. Niacin can be synthesized from a. tryptophan b. cobalamin c. melanin d. malonyl CoA e. pyruvate

6. _________________ is required for active uptake of cobalamin in the intestine a. vitamin C b. transferrin c. sodium d. fat in the diet e. intrinsic factor 7. Which of these organs stores iron and makes it available to the blood plasma for distribution to other tissues? a. kidneys b. thyroid c. liver d. kidneys e. heart 8. Vegetarians who do not eat yeast, eggs or milk may have a diet deficient in a. folic acid b. cobalamin c. carotene d. glutamic acid e. oleic acid 9. Vitamin C is stored in ________ for future use and distribution to other organs in a. the liver b. the pancreas c. the skeletal muscles d. the thyroid e. actually, Vitamin C is not stored in that way 10. Xerophthalmia is a disease associated with a diet low in a. niacin b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin C d. calcium e. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

11 Spinal bifida is a birth defect that can occur when pregnant mothers have a diet low in a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin C c. methionine d. folic acid e. lactic acid 12. Following a meal, which of the cell types below takes up glucose and produces abundant glycogen? a. skeletal muscle b. adipose tissue c. beta cells in the pancreas d. brain cells e. leucocytes 13. You are a physician specializing in nutritional medicine. A healthy young person comes into your office, lies down in the table, and you take a sample of their blood. As you analyze this blood sample you find it contains high levels of ketone bodies. You would also expect to find high levels a. insulin b. lactic acid c. glucagon d. uric acid e. formic acid 14. Increasing levels of Neuropeptide C in the blood a. act directly on the stomach b. increase hunger c. bind to leptin d. cause the body to switch to burning carbohydrate e. activate cortisol 15. Scurvy is a disease associated with a diet low in a. niacin b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin C d. calcium e. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

16. Tomatoes contain a red antioxidant. It is a. a plant sterol b. a sulfur-containing compound c. lycopene d. rhodopsin e. isothiocyanate 17. Which of these foods is rich in a compound which your body can modify into Vitamin A? a. wheat b. black beans c. peanuts d. potatoes e. carrots 18. Rickets is a disease associated with insufficient uptake of a. niacin b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin C d. calcium e. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) 19. Drinking orange juice with a meal will promote the absorption of which nutrients from other foods in that meal a. cobalamin b. vitamin E c. iron d. calcium e. c & d 20. In copper-containing enzymes, the reduction of the Cu+3 is promoted by a. iron b. Vitamin E c. Vitamin A d. Vitamin C e. NAD

21. Which of the following is an effect of cooking which makes the food less healthful a. makes starch more soluble b. kills bacteria c. oxidizes fats d. denatures proteins e. denatures viruses 22. Collagen synthesis depends on the direct action of which of these vitamins? a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B1 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D e. Vitamin K 23. Vitamin ___ is often given to prospective surgical patients to make blood clotting more rapid a. A b. D c. K d. B12 e. C 24. Which of the following is not considered an antioxidant? a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin C c. niacin d. Vitamin E e. lycopene 25. Pellagra is a disease associated with a diet low in a. niacin b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin C d. calcium e. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

26. Spinach is a rich dietary source of a. iron b. carotene c. folic acid d. fiber e. all of the above 27. Which of these foods is your best dietary source of calcium a. yoghurt b. black beans c. butter d. corn flakes e. tomatoes 28. Glucagon has multiple metabolic effects around the body, including the promotion of the formation of a. glycogen b. beta hydroxybutyrate c. inulin d. insulin e. arterial plaques 29. Bad cholesterol levels in your blood are actually referring to levels of a. low density lipoproteins b. high density lipoproteins c. trans fat d. saturated fats e. the kind of cholesterol Dr. Evil has 30. Liver is a rich dietary source of all of these nutrients except a. vitamin A b. iron c. vitamin B12 d. folic acid e. fiber