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Abstract Technology comes in many forms and no aspect of our lives is untouched by some form of technology or another. Technology is dened as the practical application of science to commerce or industry. Technological development into present day has been meteoric to say the least. With the advancements of nearly every aspect of human life having some tie with technology, one might start to see a synergistic relationship between humans and technology. However, while some would believe this relationship has been benecial for us, we believe there have been detrimental effects from our growing dependence on technology.
1 Introduction
No one can argue against the fact that the human race has made enormous bounds in advancements in the last century. From developments in technology which affect society, how we communicate, the eld of medicine and education. Technology has not left any aspects of our lives untouched. There will be no shortage of people who would argue that the technological advancements of the 21st century have been benecial to society. While benecial, we believe that, as a society, we must realise the magnitude of our dependence on technology and the ramications if it were to be taken away from us. This paper argues that humans have formed a detrimental symbiotic relationship with technology in its many forms. This paper will investigate the changes that technology has affected, and show that we are becoming less dependent on ourselves and more detrimentally dependent on our technological accomplishments.
upgrade as speculated by external professionals 2 . This had left traders unable to conduct any business which intriguingly could have been one of the best days for markets around the world after a bail out of two large United States mortgage lenders. Reliability of technology cannot be guaranteed at all times. Technology crashes can also cause big companies to lose billions of dollars. An example event known as the Flash Crash [9] on 6th May 2010 illustrates this point. Just hours before the market closed, the market plunged drastically by an average of 5.7% causing major markets around the world to go into a state of panic anticipating an imminent European nancial crisis and caused great loses to companies. An investigation was done by Nanex [10] stating that the crash may be due to a software design aw in time-stamping procedures that accumulated to become a problem. Backlogged requests caused a long queue in the computer server and produced non consistent results to the requester. This further evidenced that such a dependency on technology is detrimental to the society as sudden reliability issues can create chaos all around the world or even cripple an economy. The integration of technology in commerce has also opened many opportunities to unscrupulous criminals causing nancial harm to the population. The increase in ATM crime[16] has raised concerns as criminals become more and more sophisticated. The use of spy cameras, fake machines and more sophisticated card skimming increased by 149% year on year in 2008 [11]. In addition, burglaries and physical attacks on ATM have also seen a similar upward trend. Our over dependence on these machines made ATMs look very attractive to criminals as they contain bank notes and access to customers sensitive bank information. Conversely, one may also argue that technology has hugely aided the pace of economy. Our modern society is able to process any amounts of money 24 hours a day, 7 days a week due to the advancements in online banking. Online banking allows people to make transactions any time of the day at their own convenience more efciently and effectively, without going through the hassle of heading to the nearest branch and having to queue for their turns. With technology, the economy is also boosted as up to date stock indices, exchange rates and other valuable information are available instantly. On the other hand, the increase of such efciency is a double edged sword where time dimensions have collapsed. In the fast paced world of e-commerce, one will only have little time to deal with strategic decisions where the driving force of the market is real time. And the priority is to protect what is Now3 . The Flash Crash on May 2010, discussed earlier, was also theorised to have been caused by a simple typo mistake where a trader entered a b for billion instead of m for million[17]. In this fast paced era, the information is relayed throughout the whole world and caused a shock wave as shares took a dreadful dive. Our continuous reliance on technology has exacerbated the damaging effects of accidental mistakes over a short period. Our continuous dependency on technology extends to the ecommerce realm. The term online shopping is a relatively new idea where customers can buy goods online and have them delivered straight to their doorstep. This convenience has a major issue that may be detrimental to a business. A case study by Dirk Knemeyer4 illustrated the case where he was billed and sent his orders numerous times and had to go through signicant efforts after having to deal with an automated system for most of
2 http://www.computerworlduk.com/news/infrastructure/10912/london-stock-exchange-conrms-network-softwarecaused-costly-outage/ 3 http://www.kingswell.net/news%20items/archive/e-commerce.html 4 http://www.experiencethread.com/Miscs/intel artcl.cfm?Misc=42
the time to rectify the issue. One interesting point was that the online store in question was French Connection or more commonly known as FCUK; a publicly listed clothing and accessories retailer with over 200 million a year (AUD$325 million) in revenue a year5 . The rush to satisfy the customers demand for online convenience has ironically caused inconvenience to the customer but more importantly, such an experience can lead to substantial damage to the brand image of the company.
hood. Another physiological effect of multitasking is the increase in stress hormones from constantly being interrupted. These hormones have been shown to reduce short term memory; further worsening the effect. Much more than a decrease in productivity, this constant connectivity to short-burst information has been shown to cause stress and tension. Inability to disconnect also leads to stress and tension in professionals. A New York Times survey of over 800 adults showed that over 40% check work e-mails after hours or on personal time[5]. The survey also highlighted other facts which support our argument, such as that one in seven married people reported technology to cause them to see less of their spouses, or that one in ten spent less time with their children. However, we do not contend that multitasking did not exist before the advent of computers, or even basic technology. In fact, scientists point out that humans are adept at multitasking at the instinct level, we are able to walk and talk at the same time, for example. Furthermore, studies have shown that some multitaskers are indeed better at absorbing and reacting to information than others[6]. We simply believe that new technology nowadays has increased the burden on us, and this is therefore detrimental to society as a whole.
ing in less expressive communication or miscommunication. With the rise of smart phones that allows the constant buzzing of new emails, messages or other 10 notications can intrude social time with friends and also hinders child development . It has also been argued that people are becoming lazier as they do not feel the need to step outside of their home to nd entertainment, fun activity such as a game of soccer with friends or meeting with friends at a coffee shop11 . We believe that developed societies, as a whole are becoming more and more disconnected fundamentally even though on the surface, seeming to be more connected through trivial technological advancement in communication. Due to high dependencies on these devices, havoc in society can be caused when there is a breakdown of these services. The occasional disruption 12 in communication services such as RIMs BlackBerry service will send users scouring for information online about the disruption to nd out how long it will take before the service will be reinstated. Another example is when United Arab Emirates threatened to block BlackBerry services and did nally shut down service for several hours forcing RIM to reconsider the Kingdoms request for information to be decipherable by authorities[20]. The detrimental dependence on such device raised concerns over security of information and the right to keep ones communication private.
protection people erroneously think computers provide. This has caused online activities to manifest real world consequences, an example being a student from Hong Kong being threatened with expulsion from her school after posting comments online. It is also easy to imagine the ease at which one could obtain information regarding another person, as it is becoming the norm to input your personal details online. This information has a wide range of uses, including nefarious ones be it for identity fraud or stalking. Imagining a world without access to such readily available information to a wide audience, we can visualize how these situations would not have occurred at all. Obviously, the situation is not one sided. There are denite cases in which technology can enrich social activities. For example, a video game console in the home may promote family bonding. Studies have shown that the majority of users nowadays (52%) feel that video games can offer a chance to bond with children or friends (Ophira, Nass, Wagner, 2009) [7]. The study also suggests that parents fear of their children becoming more socially reclusive in favour of playing games is diminishing. However, this does not disprove it. There are studies which link video games to violence. As little as one would like to believe these studies, there does lie a risk in allowing impressionable youths, for example, access to violent video games.
children with obesity are most likely to stay obese in adulthood, which will most likely provoke ailments such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases [13]. As for adults, globally over 1 billion people are overweight and at least 300 million of them are obese [14]. The article also stated that increased consumption of more energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods with high levels of sugar and saturated fats, combined with reduced physical activity, have led to obesity rates that have risen three-fold or more since 1980 in some areas of North America, the United Kingdom, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, the Pacic Islands, Australasia and China. This shows that peoples lifestyle will affect their health condition.
also become weak at sifting information 16 . Many would agree that the ability to identify relevant, high quality information is a very benecial skill that every student should have.
9 Conclusion
In conclusion, we believe that we have presented facts which support our argument that we have grown detrimentally dependent on technology. We have explored the many facets of technological development which are rmly embedded in most aspects of modern life, and we have strived to analyze how the effects of these developments are detrimental on society. We maintain that the ramications of our reliance on new medicine, social media, technology in education, commerce and communication are a disservice to society. While we think that these bindings are detrimental, we do not support a complete disconnection from them. We conclude with the fact that while there are indeed benets to be had from these advancements, but we, as a society should learn to harness the useful ones, instead of allowing them all to run our lives.
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http://www.helium.com/items/335149-internet-and-its-effects-on-education
References
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