Michael Alvin C.

Labendia LIS 141 Report 1 - Written Report Medical Terms: Molecular Biology Biochemistry Cytology - Hematology

1. Molecular biology - It is the study of biology on a molecular level including the structure, function, and makeup of biologically important molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. The field of molecular biology involves many other areas of biology such as biochemistry and genetics (www.MedicineNet.com). Etymology: Latin: molecula = small mass Greek: bios = life; logos = science Related Terms: Genetic engineering; chemical genetics Interesting Facts: The term molecular biology first appeared in a report prepared for the Rockefeller Foundation in 1938 by Warren Weaver, then director of the Foundations Natural Sciences Division. Weaver coined the term to describe a research approach in which physics and chemistry would be used to address fundamental biological problems (Tropp, 2012). Benefits: DNA fingerprinting analysis is used to identify hereditary diseases in newborn babies. It is also used in solving crimes. Famous Case: Anna Anderson claimed to be Russia's Grand Duchess Anastasia from the 1920s until her death in 1984. DNA fingerprinting showed that her DNA did not match the patterns of living relatives of the Romanov royal family. Suggested Resources: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ NCBI is the number one resource for molecular biologists. GenBank, and provides free BLAST and ENTREZ searches via e-mail, client software, or directly over the Web.

Book: Bruce, A. (1994). Molecular biology of the cell, 3rd ed. New York : Garland Publishing.

2. Biochemistry- It is the field of science concerned with chemical substances and processes that occur in plants, animals, and microorganisms. It involves the quantitative determination and structural analysis of the organic compounds that make up cells (proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) and of those that play key roles in chemical reactions vital to life (www.merriam-webster.com). Etymology: Bio + Chemistry Greek: bios = life Arabic: al kimia = art of transmutation Related Terms: Biological chemistry, molecular biology Interesting Facts: The four main classes of molecules in biochemistry are the ff: Carbohydrates - breakdown of sugar into energy Lipids - store energy membranes Proteins - regulate cell process to form bones and muscles Nucleic acids - store and transmit genetics information We often hear that breast milk is best for babies, but do we really understand the reasons why? Many of the body's systems that we take for granted in adults are not yet fully functional in newborn babies. There are enzymes, which help the baby to digest the fats and proteins present in breast milk. Antibodies, similar to those of the mother, help protect the baby from infection. And the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids found in breast milk assist in the development of the baby's brain.

Suggested Resources: Biochemistry Journal http://pubs.acs.org/journal/bichaw -Biochemistry publishes research from the arena where biochemistry, biophysical chemistry, and molecular biology meet. Book: Nelson, D. & Cox, M. (2005). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 4th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman.

aspiration cytology, gynecological and nongynecological cytology. Book: Cibas, E. & Ducatman, B. (2009). Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates, Expert Consult - Online and Print, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.

4. Hematology - Branch of medicine concerned with the nature, function, and diseases of the blood. It covers the cellular and serum composition of blood, the coagulation process, blood-cell formation, hemoglobin synthesis, and disorders of all these (www.britannica.com). Etymology: Greek: haima = blood; logia = study Related Terms: Hematopathology Interesting Facts: Why do mosquitoes feed on blood? Adult mosquitoes actually eat the nectar of flowers. But mosquito babies need protein, not sugar, to grow. So their mothers feed on blood. Bloodsucking mosquito moms find you by sensing your body heat and breath. Then, with their proboscis, they drill a hole through your skin, into a capillary. Their saliva keeps the blood from clotting while they drink. Suggested Resources: American Journal of Hematology American Journal of Hematology (AJH) offers you another great reason to read and subscribe! Earn CME credits with each issue of the journal beginning in January 2011. Every month, a new article will be featured as part of the new AJH series: Annual Clinical Updates in Hematologic Malignancies. Book: Turgeon, M. L. (2011). Clinical Hematology: Theory and Procedures, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

3. Cytology Is a branch of biology dealing with the structure, function, multiplication, pathology, and life history of cells (www.merriam-webster.com). Etymology: Greek: kytos = hollow as a cell or container; logia = study Related Terms: Cell biology, cytopathology, biopsy Interesting Facts: The oldest stem cell donor is Erica Henderson (UK) who, at 74 years of age, donated cells to treat her younger brother Paul, 69, who suffered from leukemia. Medical rules state that the lifesaving cells can only be donated by people up to the age of 70. However, after doctors found Mrs. Henderson to be "100" fit she was allowed to go through with the procedure. Her brother is now in remission Suggested Resources: Journal of Cytology http://www.jcytol.org/ -The Journal of Cytology is the official Quarterly publication of the Indian Academy of Cytologists. It is in the 25th year of publication in the year 2008. The journal covers all aspects of diagnostic cytology, including fine needle