Open the slide called Newton's First Law (with text).

Study the labeled diagram and read the explanation of the Newton's First Law of motion

1. An F18 Hornet aircraft sits motionless on a runway because of inertia. If that plane starts to
move down the runway, it means that there must be a force acting on it. Of the four main forces that act on aircraft, which one is most likely to cause the forward motion down the runway? Which of the four forces causes the airplane to become airborne? Once the F18 Hornet is airborne, which force is equal to the force of thrust? As the F18 Hornet travels at constant velocity, it burns fuel, which decreases its weight. In response to this decrease, which of the four forces is also likely to decrease? On the line below, draw the arrow that indicates thrust force of the F18 Hornet pictured above: On the line below, draw the arrow that indicates lift force of the F18 Hornet pictured above: On the line below, draw the arrow that indicates weight force of the F18 Hornet pictured above: On the line below, draw the arrow that indicates drag force of the F18 Hornet pictured above: Which one word defines Newton's First Law of Motion?

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Consider the situations below to determine whether or not there is an external force acting on the airplane. Remember that according to Newton's First Law, a plane will resist a change in its state of rest or motion unless it is acted on by a force. Write the word force next to the situations where an external force acts.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The F18 is flying at 200 mph at an elevation of 30,000 ft. The F18 turns northeast at 200 mph and an elevation of 30,000 ft. The F18 increases its speed to 220 mph at the same elevation. The F18 continues flying at 220 mph at 30,000 ft. The F18 drops to an elevation of 28,000 ft.

6. The F18 heads due east maintaining its speed and elevation.

Newton's Second Law Activity

If so instructed by your teacher, print out a worksheet page for these problems.

Open the slides called Newton's First Law and Newton's Second Law (with text).

On December 17,1903, at Kill Devil Hill, North Carolina, the Wright brothers made the first sustained, controlled powered flight. Their airplane weighed about 700 lbs. Use the information shown below to answer the questions. Force ( Newtons) = mass (kilograms) x acceleration (meters/second) where acceleration due to 2 gravity (g) = 9.80 m/s , 1 kg = 2.205 pounds, and 1 foot = 0.3048 meters.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Write a formula that can be used to calculate the force due to weight. Convert the mass of the airplane into kilograms. Now calculate the force due to weight on the Wright brothers' airplane. In order for their airplane to fly, the lift force must have exceeded: _______. The Wright Brothers' airplane flew 120 feet in 12 seconds. Calculate its speed in feet per second. Convert this speed to meters/second. If Orville had gained 5 kilograms before the flight, calculate what the lift force would have been. If the Wright brothers' airplane had weighed only 675 pounds, what would the lift force have been? A Boeing 747 has a mass of 1,764,000 kg. What is the lift force required to get it off the ground?

10. A Boeing 727 has a mass of 396,900 kg. What is the lift force required to get it off the
ground?

Table 1

Name

Symbol

Units

Fundamental units

Acceleration Area

a A

m/s m
2

Displacement X, or X0 Density r Force F Lift L Lift Coefficient Cl Mass m Pressure P, Pt, or Ps

m 3 kg/m n (newton) n (newton) no units kg pa (pascals n / A )

kgm/s 2 kgm/s

kg/ms

Time Velocity

t, t1, or t0 s V, V0, or V1 m/s Table 2: Unit Data Chart

Sample problem: Dynamic Pressure equation: P = r * V /2, where P stands for pressure and is measured in pa 3 (pascals), r stands for density and is measured in kg/m , and V stands for velocity and is measured in m/s. Step #1. Replace the variables with the correct unit; ignore constants. pa = kg/m * (m/s)
3 2 2

Step #2. Change derived units to fundamental units. n/A = kg/m * (m/s) ----------- (pa = n/A) (kg * m/s )/m
2 2= 3 2

kg/m * ( m/s) ------------- (n = kg * m/s and A = m )

Step #3. Perform the indicated binary operations. kg/(m * s ) = kg/(m * s )

2 2