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6.4 Power Quality and Measurements

Siemens Energy Sector Power Engineering Guide Edition 7.0
6
Protection, Substation Automation, Power Quality and Measurement
Guide to application of EN 50160 EN 50160
IEC 61000-4-30
Measurement of voltage quality
IEC 61000-4-15
Flickermeter
IEC 61000-4-7
Harmonics
Other local power
quality standards
Fig. 6.4-4: Overview of international and national standards for
power quality
Parameter Supply voltage characteristics according to
EN 50160
Power frequency Lv, Mv. mean value ol lundamenlal measured
over 10 s 1 % (49.5 50.5 Hz) for 99.5 % of
week 6 % / + 4 % (47 52 Hz) for 100 % of
week
Voltage magnitude
variations
Lv, Mv. 10 lor 95 ol week, mean 10
minutes r.m.s. values (g. 6.4-5)
Papid vollage changes Lv. 5 normal 10 inlrequenlly P
lt
1 for
95 % of week
MV: 4 % normal 6 % infrequently P
lt
1 for
95 % of week
Supply vollage dips Ma|orily. duralion < 1 s, deplh < 60 . Locally
limiled dips caused by load swilching on Lv.
10 50 %, MV: 10 15 %
Shorl inlerruplions ol
supply voltage
Lv, Mv. (up lo 3 minules) lew lens - lew
hundreds/year duration 70 % of them < 1 s
Long inlerruplion ol
supply voltage
Lv, Mv. (longer lhan 3 minules)
< 10 50 / year
Temporary, power
frequency
overvoltages
Lv. < 1.5 kv r.m.s. Mv. 1.7 V
c
(solid or
impedance earth) 2.0 V
c
(unearthed or
resonant earth)
Transient overvoltages Lv. generally < 6 kv, occasionally higher, rise
time: s to ms
MV: not dened
Supply vollage
unbalance
Lv, Mv. up lo 2 lor 95 ol week, mean 10
minutes r.m.s. values, up to 3 % in some
locations
Harmonic
vollage | THD
Harmonics Lv, Mv THD. 8
Interharmonic voltage Lv, Mv. under consideralion
Table 6.4-3: Requirements according to EN 50160
Voltage dip, t > 10 ms
Short supply
interruption
Range of the supply voltage variations
during 95 % of the supplying time
1.1 V
A
1.1 V
n
(rms)
0.9 V
n
(rms)
V
n
(rms)
V
A
V
(rms)
V
0.9 V
A
< 3 min t
Fig. 6.4-5: Illustration of a voltage dip and a short supply
interruption, classied according to EN 50160; V
N

nominal voltage of the supply system (r.m.s.), V
A

amplitude of the supply voltage, V
(r.m.s.)
the actual r.m.s.
value of the supply voltage
Table 6.4-4: Values of individual harmonic voltages at the supply
terminals for orders up to 25, given in percent of V
N
Odd harmonics Even harmonics
Not multiples of 3 Multiples of 3
Order h Relative
voltage
(%)
Order h Relative
voltage
(%)
Order h Relative
voltage
(%)
5 6 3 5 2 2
7 5 9 1.5 4 1
11 3.5 15 0.5 6 24 0.5
13 3 21 0.5
17 2
19 1.5
23 1.5
25 1.5
From lLC 61000-4-30 also accuracy classes, Class A "higher
accuracy and Class S "lower accuracy are derived. ln olher
words, in a simple way, if the EN 50160 denes what to mea-
sure, the IEC 61000-4- 30 denes how to measure it. The end
result of a measurement process is expected to be fully auto-
mated, standard compliant documentation of all measurements.
Calculation of r.m.s. values after every half period is the touch-
stone of an IEC 61000-4-30 Class A measurement device. To de
ne the range of normal voltage states, a hysteresis range is
speci ed for event detection. SlCAM Q80 meets the precision
requirements for a Class A measurement device according to the
IEC 61000-4-30 standard.