Brazils Waste A Big Emerging Market It is known from a World Bank study that amongst the various landfills,

s, Sanitary landfills provided the best cost/benefit relationship for the municipalities. Despite this fact only 13.8% of the municipalities discarded solid waste in sanitary landfills. In a developing country like Brazil, the finance and infrastructure are the major bottlenecks in implementing sanitary landfills. Financing of solid waste can be done by registering waste management as CDM project and trading CERs. Due to high volatility and low yield of solid waste this may pose huge risk in implementing such a project. Other possibility of financing could be through Public Private Partnerships (PPP). Various PPP types have been discussed OM, DBO, DBFO, BOT, BOO. Such PPP projects require $100 million investments and may extend for 15 years. Since the horizon is long, investors look for stable revenues and trouble-free operations. Stable political environment is the key as the others could be solved if this is ensured. It requires a change in attitude of the public, authorities towards such projects and this will ensure a relatively stable environment to execute any promising MSW projects.

Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (A) 1. Harvest had two ways of generating revenue by recycling organic waste, through Biogas generation and Compost/Slurry. 2. Biogas can be generated by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste under controlled conditions. The generated biogas can be used in to generate electricity, which then can be sold as clean energy. The payback period for this project taken alone is around 5 years. 3. The compost/slurry can be sold as manure. The payback period for this project taken alone is around 4 years. 4. When both the projects are taken together, the payback period would be less than 2 years. 5. Subsidy promised by the government on the capital of biogas may give a clear advantage to the project. 6. In case of Compost/Slurry lack of standards over the quality of compost and price determination poses a huge challenge in implementation. 7. Moreover food-scrap which forms one of the major organic waste which harvest plans to collect from households. The Recovery as Percent of generation is around 2.5% which is significantly low. 8. Tipping fee as well plays a major role in such projects, as Tipping fee increases and land availability may decrease over a period of time. Such projects may become feasible.