Electric Motor Selection and Sizing

33.1

Electric Motor Selection

Two

Type Selection - DC Motor

DC

basic decisions to make: What type of motor is needed?

DC motor? AC motor?
Once

motors are typically used when

but

low-cost, _________________ is advantageous lowprecise speed regulation not required

type of motor is selected, what size motor is required?

starting torque required ___________________ than running torque

brief

overloads OK, since motor has time to cool

frequent start/stop cycles, reversing, or closedclosedloop positioning required

Type Selection - AC Motor

AC

Brainstorming Scenario
Your

motors are typically used when

gearing

low-cost, _________________ is advantageous lowrequired to deliver speeds that are significantly less than 1200 RPM periods of high running torque frequently handled by flywheels

group has been hired to select motors for various applications and products Possibilities include:
DC motor (w/brushes) Brushless DC motor Split phase AC motor Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) AC motor Shaded pole AC motor Universal motor

starting torque ______________ running torque

brief

available access to AC power

In-Class Exercise In Match

Motor Sizing #1
The

one of the 6 different types of motors to these applications & justify your selection: electric knife for carving turkey constant speed conveyor belt with frequent start/stops power window drive in auto fan in indoor HVAC unit industrial robot used in painting applications

major constraint on all motor operation is thermal in nature.

Electrical Power = Power Dissipated + Mechanical Power (Input) (as heat) (useful output)

The

heat a DC motor must dissipate can be calculated:

Electric Motor Selection and Sizing

33.2

Motor Sizing #2
Each specific electric motor will have its own characteristic torque-speed curve
PMDC Motor

Motor Sizing #3
Each

type of load will have its own torquetorquespeed requirements

AC Motor

Pumps and Fans ( speed2) Torque,

Viscous Friction

Torque, Universal Motor Speed,

Constant

Speed,

Motor Sizing #4
Operating

DC Motor Ratings
DC

point occurs at intersection of motor and load speed/torque curves

AC Motor Torque, DC Motor Constant Pump

Torque,

motors are rated at a single speed and torque In most cases, the motor can operate at this point _______________________
temperature rating will not be exceeded DC motors rated with _____________________
DC

motors are typically used at

Speed,

Speed,

about ___________ of rated speed about ___________ of rated torque

DC Motor Selection Example

A

AC Motor Ratings
AC

12 volt battery-powered DC motor is used on a batterychilds toy Jeep What power (in watts and hp) is required for this application? Hint ignore acceleration Which motor should be selected from the spec sheet provided for the application? V=3 ft/sec

motors are also rated at a single speed and horsepower

3450, 1725, 1140, 850 RPM are common

AC AC

motor can operate here continuously motors are typically used at

temperature rating will not be exceeded about ____________ of rated torque/power much lower efficiency if motor is ____________ (over-rated) (over-

Total mass m=40 kg

5o