AS/NZS 1576.

6:2000

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AS/NZS 1576.6

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Scaffolding Part 6: Metal tube-and-coupler scaffoldingDeemed to comply with AS/NZS 1576.3

AS/NZS 1576.6:2000 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee BD/36, Scaffolding. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 23 June 2000 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 23 August 2000. It was published on 25 August 2000.

The following interests are represented on Committee BD/36: A.C.T. WorkCover Australian Aluminium Council Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Council of Trade Unions Australian Industry Group Department of Industries and Business, Northern Territory Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources, Tasmania Housing Industry Association Institute of Engineers Australia Labour Council of New South Wales Master Builders Australia New Zealand Contractors Federation Scaffolding and Rigging, New Zealand Scaffolding Association, Qld Victorian WorkCover Authority WorkCover New South Wales Worksafe Western Australia

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Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Australia web site at www.standards.com.au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 98414.

AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Scaffolding Part 6: Metal tube-and-coupler scaffoldingDeemed to comply with AS/NZS 1576.3

Originated as AS 15761974. Previous edition AS 1576.3 Supplement 11991. Jointly revised and redesignated as AS/NZS 1576.6:2000.

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Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020
ISBN 0 7337 3484 7

AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee BD/36, Scaffolding, to supersede AS 1576.3 Supp 11991, Scaffolding, Prefabricated and tube-and-coupler scaffolding, Metal tube-and-coupler scaffolding Deemed to comply (Supplement to AS 1576.31991). This Standard is intended to simplify the application of AS/NZS 1576.3 for commonly designed scaffolding. This edition includes the following technical changes from the previous edition: (a) (b) The height of scaffolding that is covered, as specified by the Scope, has been reduced from 45 m to 33 m. Requirements for access openings, platform brackets and cantilevered catch platforms (fans), each of which contain requirements that imply the need for an engineering design, have been deleted. Some definitions that are surplus to its needs have been deleted. The requirements for birdcage scaffolds have been revised.

(c) (d)

The Standard is issued as Part 6 to the AS/NZS 1576 series of Standards, so that it will not be made redundant when Part 3 is next revised, as happened when it was designated as a Supplement to Part 3.

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

CONTENTS
Page SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE .........................................................................................................................4 1.2 EXCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................4 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................4 1.4 DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................................5 1.5 DUTY CLASSIFICATION ..........................................................................................5 SECTION 2 COMPONENTS 2.1 TUBES.........................................................................................................................6 2.2 COUPLERS AND ACCESSORIES .............................................................................6 2.3 SCAFFOLD PLANKS .................................................................................................6 2.4 SOLEPLATES .............................................................................................................6 SECTION 3 INDEPENDENT SCAFFOLD 3.1 STANDARDS..............................................................................................................7 3.2 LEDGERS....................................................................................................................7 3.3 TRANSOMS ................................................................................................................8 3.4 LONGITUDINAL BRACING .....................................................................................8 3.5 TRANSVERSE BRACING..........................................................................................8 3.6 TIES...........................................................................................................................15 3.7 PUTLOGS..................................................................................................................20 3.8 WORKING PLATFORMS.........................................................................................20 3.9 EDGE PROTECTION................................................................................................22 SECTION 4 SINGLE-POLE SCAFFOLD 4.1 STANDARDS............................................................................................................23 4.2 LEDGERS..................................................................................................................23 4.3 LONGITUDINAL BRACES......................................................................................23 4.4 TRANSVERSE BRACES ..........................................................................................23 4.5 TIES...........................................................................................................................23 4.6 PUTLOGS..................................................................................................................23 4.7 WORKING PLATFORMS.........................................................................................23 4.8 EDGE PROTECTION................................................................................................23
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SECTION 5 SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS 5.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................24 5.2 BIRDCAGE SCAFFOLDS ........................................................................................24 5.3 MOBILE SCAFFOLDS .............................................................................................24 5.4 SLOPING WORKING PLATFORMS .......................................................................25 5.5 ACCESS WAYS AND BARROW RUNS .................................................................25 5.6 ACCESS FOR WORKING PLATFORMS ................................................................26 5.7 EDGE PROTECTION................................................................................................27

AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Scaffolding Part 6: Metal tube-and-coupler scaffoldingDeemed to comply with AS/NZS 1576.3

S E CT I ON
1.1 SCOPE

S COP E

AND

GE NE RAL

This Standard specifies requirements for unsheeted metal tube-and-coupler scaffolding that does not exceed 33 m in height and is deemed to comply with the performance requirements of AS/NZS 1576.3 for light, medium and heavy duty loads. 1.2 EXCLUSIONS This Standard does not apply to (a) (b) prefabricated (modular) scaffolds (see AS/NZS 1576.3); and scaffolding installations that require specific engineering design to establish the strength of any part of the scaffold or the adequacy of the supporting structure.

NOTE: Examples of scaffolding installations that require a specific engineering design are access openings, cantilever scaffolds, catch platforms (fans), drilled-in anchors, trusses and tube-andcoupler scaffolds that support any form of screening (e.g. chain-wire mesh, fabricated-mesh panels, plastic sheeting, plywood, shade cloth).

1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1576 1576.2 1577
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Scaffolding Part 2: Couplers and accessories Scaffold planks Portable ladders Part 2: Timber

1892 1892.2

AS/NZS 1576 Scaffolding 1576.1 Part 1: General requirements 1576.3 Part 3: Prefabricated and tube-and-coupler scaffolding 1892 1892.1 2269 4576 NZS 3609 3620 Portable ladders Part 1: Metal PlywoodStructural Guidelines for scaffolding Specification for timber ladders Scaffold planks

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

1.4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS/NZS 4576 and those below apply. 1.4.1 Uplift The lifting of one end of a plank, caused by a downward force being applied to the other end of the plank. 1.4.2 Working face A face of a building or structure at which a scaffold has been erected, to enable work to be carried out at some stage during the project. 1.5 DUTY CLASSIFICATION The duty classification shall comply with AS/NZS 1576.1. Duty live loads shall include impact forces and the weight of persons, materials, debris, tools and equipment. The following duty classifications and minimum dimensions of working platforms shall apply: (a) (b) (c) Light duty A load of 225 kg per bay, including a single concentrated load of 100 kg, and a working platform with dimensions of not less than 450 mm. Medium duty A load of 450 kg per bay, including a single concentrated load of 150 kg, and a working platform with dimensions of not less than 900 mm. Heavy load A load of 675 kg per bay, including a single concentrated load of 200 kg, and a working platform with dimensions of not less than 1000 mm.

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S E CT I ON
2.1 TUBES 2.1.1 Steel tubes Steel tubes shall (a) (b) (c) (d) comply with AS/NZS 1576.3;

COMP ONE NT S

have a yield strength of not less than 200 MPa; have a nominal outside diameter of 48.3 mm; and have a nominal wall thickness of not less than 4.0 mm; except that in New Zealand, galvanized tube with a wall thickness of 3.2 mm is also permitted.

2.1.2 Aluminium tubes Aluminium tubes shall (a) (b) (c) (d) comply with AS/NZS 1576.3; have a yield strength of not less than 241 MPa; have a nominal outside diameter of 48.4 mm; and have a nominal wall thickness of not less than 4.47 mm.

2.1.3 Mixing of tubes Steel tubes and aluminium tubes shall not be mixed in the one scaffold, except for guardrails, midrail or other members that are not structural members. 2.2 COUPLERS AND ACCESSORIES Couplers and accessories shall comply with AS 1576.2. 2.3 SCAFFOLD PLANKS Scaffold planks shall comply with AS 1577 in Australia or NZS 3620 in New Zealand. 2.4 SOLEPLATES On surfaces such as compacted soil or gravel, soleplates shall be (a)
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timber scaffold planks positioned under the baseplates; and long enough to prevent visual subsidence or damage to the foundation or supporting surface.

(b)

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

S E CT I ON
3.1 STANDARDS Standards shall (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

I NDE P E NDE NT

S CAFF OLD

be founded on baseplates; be vertical; extend to the full height of the scaffold; be spaced to comply with Table 1; be joined with end-to-end couplers; and not have joints that occur (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) in longitudinally or transversely adjacent standards in the same lift; in the same standard in adjacent lifts; more than once between adjacent ledgers; or more than 300 mm from a ledger. TABLE 1 SPACING OF STANDARDS FOR INDEPENDENT TUBE-AND-COUPLER SCAFFOLDS
metres Duty classification (see AS/NZS 1576.1) Light duty Medium duty Heavy duty Minimum transverse spacing 0.5 0.95 1.05 Typical dimensions for working bays (width length) 0.5 1.5 0.95 1.8 1.05 2.4

3.2 LEDGERS 3.2.1 General Ledgers shall

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(a) (b) (c)

be fixed to each standard in a longitudinal row with right-angle couplers; be horizontal; and extend for the full length of the scaffold.

The distance between the surface supporting a standard and the first ledger, and the distance between vertically adjacent ledgers, shall be not more than 2 m.
NOTE: Consideration should be given to the inclusion of a base lift in some circumstances, such as high scaffolding, scaffolding erected on sloping ground, and scaffolding erected on a lowresistance surface.

3.2.2 Joints Joints shall be made with sleeve type end-to-end couplers. Joints shall not be located (a) in horizontally or vertically adjacent ledgers in the same bay;
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(b) (c) (d) (e)

in the same ledger in adjacent bays; more than once between adjacent standards; in the end bays of a scaffold; or more than 300 mm from a standard.

NOTE: Internal joint pins used in tubes of different wall thicknesses or in tubes produced by the ERW process are incapable of resisting tensile forces in the joint.

3.3 TRANSOMS Where transoms are used to fix transverse standards, they shall be (a) (b) (c) (d) full length tubes without joints; horizontal; fixed to each standard with right-angle couplers; and fixed as closely as possible to the node point of each ledger and standard.

3.4 LONGITUDINAL BRACING The outside row of standards in the scaffold shall be provided with longitudinal bracing that (a) (b) (c) extends from the base of the scaffold to its full height; is provided in both end bays of every scaffold run; is arranged (i) (ii) (iii) (d) (e) across the longitudinal plane of the bays, forming diagonal bracing (see Figure 1); or up a bay, forming parallel bracing (see Figure 2); or up a bay, forming heel-and-toe bracing (see Figure 3);

has any brace in sections joined by lapping or splicing; and is fixed, as close as possible to the node points at every crossing, to (i) (ii) the standard crossed with a swivel coupler; or the transom crossed with a right-angle coupler.

The horizontal distance between intermediately braced panels in any lift shall not exceed three bays.
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NOTE: A typical brace against a slope is illustrated in Figure 4.

3.5 TRANSVERSE BRACING Each end of the scaffold shall be provided with transverse bracing in each lift (see Figure 5) that (a) (b) (c) extends from the base of the scaffold to its full height; is arranged across the transverse plane of the bay, forming diagonals; and is fixed, as close as possible to the node points at every crossing, to (i) (ii) the standard crossed with a swivel coupler (see Figure 6); or the ledger crossed with a right-angle coupler (see Figure 7).

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NOTE: Longitudinal braces are most effective at 45.

AS/NZS 1576.6:2000
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL DIAGONAL BRACING OF TUBE-AND-COUPLER SCAFFOLDING

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NOTE: Longitudinal braces are most effective at 45.

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL PARRALLEL BRACING OF BAYS

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NOTE: Longitudinal braces are most effective at 45.

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL HEEL-AND-TOE BRACING OF BAYS

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DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 4 TYPICAL BRACE AGAINST SLOPE

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NOTE: Ties, edge protection and access not shown.

FIGURE 5 TYPICAL TRANSVERSE BRACING

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FIGURE 6 DETAIL A IN FIGURE 5 FOR A TRANSVERSE BRACE TO STANDARD CONNECTION

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NOTES: 1 2 End bay shown. A brace each side of the standard can interfere with the working platform.

FIGURE 7 DETAIL A IN FIGURE 5 FOR A TRANSVERSE BRACE TO LEDGER CONNECTION

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

3.6 TIES Where the height of a scaffold exceeds three times its least base width, the scaffold shall be tied to a supporting structure (see Figures 8 and 9), and (a) each tie shall be rigidly connected to the supporting structure and fixed to prevent inwards and outwards movements of the scaffold. Drilled-in anchors and other methods relying on friction between components and the supporting structure shall not be used; each tie shall be connected to not less than two standards or two ledgers with right-angle couplers; a tie tube shall be a full length tube without joints; the distance between the end of the scaffold and the first tie at any level shall not exceed (i) (ii) (e) (f) (g) (h) one bay in the case of a scaffold with no return; or three bays in the case of a scaffold with a tied return;

(b) (c) (d)

the distance between longitudinally adjacent ties at any level shall not exceed three bays; the vertical distance between the supporting surface and the first level of ties shall be not more than three times the least base width, subject to a maximum of 4 m; the vertical distance between adjacent levels of ties shall not exceed 4 m; and the location of ties shall not obstruct clear access along the full length of any working platform or access platform.

NOTES: 1 A transom of extended length may act as a tie tube. 2 It is good practice to vertically stagger the ties.

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FIGURE 8 (in part) TYPICAL TIE ASSEMBLIES

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FIGURE 8 (in part) TYPICAL TIE ASSEMBLIES

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FIGURE 8 (in part) TYPICAL TIE ASSEMBLIES

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37 .

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NOTE: Bracing is not shown.

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 9 TYPICAL HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL TIE SPACINGS

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3.7 PUTLOGS Putlogs shall be provided to support platforms constructed from scaffold planks. Where putlogs are used instead of transoms, the following apply: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Putlogs shall be fixed with right-angle couplers. Putlogs shall be horizontal. Each putlog shall be fixed to the upper surface of each ledger it crosses with putlog couplers or right-angle couplers. The types of couplers used in any one lift shall be compatible, so that putlogs provide true and even support for the scaffold planks. Putlogs shall be fixed at not less than 150 mm nor more than 250 mm from each side of each standard. Putlogs may cantilever towards the working face to support additional scaffold planks, provided that (i) (ii) (iii) (g) (h) the width of the additional platform does not exceed 450 mm; the transverse standard spacing is not less than 950 mm; and the putlogs are fixed to ledgers with right-angle couplers.

Putlogs shall be full-length tubes, without any joints over their length. Additional intermediate putlogs shall be provided to comply with Table 2.

TABLE 2 MAXIMUM SPAN OF SOLID TIMBER SCAFFOLD PLANKS COMPLYING WITH AS 1577 OR NZS 3620
Nominal thickness of plank mm 32 (hardwood only) 38 50 63 Maximum span between putlogs m 1.0 1.5 2 2.5

3.8 WORKING PLATFORMS

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Working platforms shall comply with Clause 1.5 and the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Platforms shall be constructed from scaffold planks complying with AS 1577 in Australia or NZS 3620 in New Zealand. Platforms shall extend across the full transverse width of the bay. Planks forming any one working platform shall be of uniform thickness. Planks shall be closely laid with gaps between adjacent planks of not more than 10 mm. Except at returns or irregular profiles, planks shall be butted rather than lapped. Each plank shall overhang its end putlogs by not less than 150 mm nor more than 250 mm.

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

(g) (h) (i) (j)

Where it is necessary to lap planks, the overlapping plank shall extend past the putlog by not less than 150 mm. Planks less than 3 m in length shall be positively secured against an end being lifted by a downward force on the other end. The loading shall not exceed the designated duty loading of the scaffold. Additional planks may be supported by that portion of putlogs cantilevered towards the working face, provided that the outermost plank is secured against displacement and the platform does not exceed light duty, irrespective of the duty of the adjacent working platform. The number of planked platforms shall comply with either Table 3 for scaffold constructed with steel tube or Table 4 for scaffold constructed with aluminium tube. Access shall be provided to the scaffold, either from the building (see A options in Tables 3 and 4) or from the base lift (see B options in Tables 3 and 4). Access between adjacent working platforms shall be provided by a ladder.

(k) (l) (m)

NOTES: 1 Platforms may be continuous on one level or staggered at different levels. 2 Where strong winds are likely to occur, consideration should be given to positively securing the planks against displacement.

TABLE 3 NUMBER OF WORKING PLATFORMS FOR SCAFFOLD CONSTRUCTED WITH STEEL TUBE
Top working platform height above base lift m 8 (see Note) >8 16 >16 24 >24 33 Number of working platforms (see Legend) Light duty loading 0.45 m 1.5 m bay A 4 7 6 6 B 4 3 Medium duty loading 0.9 m 1.8 m bay A 4 5 5 4 B 4 1 Heavy duty loading 1.0 m 2.4 m bay A 4 4 3 3 B 4

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LEGEND: A = Where access is provided to the scaffold from the building. B = Where access is provided to the scaffold from the base lift. NOTE: The number of working platforms specified by this Table for a top working platform height above base lift of 8 m implies that all but the base lift are working platforms.

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TABLE 4 NUMBER OF WORKING PLATFORMS FOR SCAFFOLD CONSTRUCTED WITH ALUMINIUM TUBE
Top working platform height above base lift m 8 (see Note) >8 16 >16 24 >24 33 Number of working platforms (see Legend) Light duty loading 0.45 m 1.5 m bay A 4 4 3 3 B 4 Medium duty loading 0.9 m 1.8 m bay A 3 2 2 2 B 1 Heavy duty loading 1.0 m 2.4 m bay A 2 2 2 2 B

LEGEND: A = Where access is provided to the scaffold from the building. B = Where access is provided to the scaffold from the base lift. NOTE: The number of working platforms specified by this Table for a top working platform height above base lift of 8 m implies that all but the base lift are working platforms.

3.9 EDGE PROTECTION Edge protection shall comply with Clause 5.7.

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

S E CT I ON
4.1 STANDARDS

SI NGLE - P OLE

S CAF FOLD

Standards shall comply with Clause 3.1 and the following: (a) (b) The longitudinal spacing of standards, measured centre to centre, shall be not more than 1.8 m, irrespective of the classification. The transverse distance from the supporting wall to the centre-line of a standard shall be not less than 1150 mm nor more than 1250 mm.

4.2 LEDGERS Ledgers shall comply with Clause 3.2. 4.3 LONGITUDINAL BRACES Longitudinal braces shall comply with Clause 3.4. 4.4 TRANSVERSE BRACES Transverse braces shall comply with Clause 3.5 and, where there is no return or where an additional standard has not been provided at the ends of a scaffold, be fixed to the tie tubes, as close as possible to the supporting wall, with swivel couplers.
NOTE: Longitudinal braces in the first bay of the return may perform the additional function of transverse braces at the end of the run.

4.5 TIES Ties shall comply with Clause 3.6, except for Item 3.6(b), and the following: (a) (b) Every tie tube shall be connected to at least one ledger or standard. Every scaffold that exceeds one lift in height shall have its first level of ties located at or immediately below the first lift.

4.6 PUTLOGS Putlogs, complying with the following requirements, shall be provided at every lift of the scaffold: (a) (b)
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Clause 3.7. Except at openings in the supporting wall, the inner end of each putlog shall be fitted with a putlog blade. Each putlog blade shall be inserted into the supporting wall by not less than 75 mm. Putlog blades shall be reversed on returns, to enable horizontal platforms to be constructed on both the run and the return. Where putlogs are required at window openings, door openings or other recesses in the supporting wall, their inner end shall be supported by standards built up from internal floors or bridles.

(c) (d) (e)

4.7 WORKING PLATFORMS Working platforms shall be heavy duty platforms complying with the relevant requirements of Clause 3.8. 4.8 EDGE PROTECTION Edge protection shall comply with Clause 5.7.

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S E CT I ON
5.1 GENERAL

S PE CI FI C

AP P LI C AT I ONS

Except where the requirements herein specify AS/NZS 1576.3 shall apply to specific applications. 5.2 BIRDCAGE SCAFFOLDS

otherwise,

the

requirements

of

The following additional requirements apply to birdcage scaffolds (also, see Figure 10): (a) (b) (c) Each external face shall be braced as if it is a longitudinal face complying with Clause 3.4. In each direction, there shall not be more than two rows of standards between longitudinally braced rows of standards. Joints in ledgers, transoms and putlogs shall not be made in the following locations: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (d) In transversely or vertically adjacent members in the same lift. In adjacent bay widths in the same member. More than once in any member in the same bay. In the outermost bay widths.

Where heavy duty platforms are set up in adjacent bays at the same lift, the ledger to standard or transom to standard connections that support such adjacent platforms shall be strengthened with check couplers. Where bay widths are not a multiple of the width of the scaffold plank, appropriate means such as plywood overlay shall be used to cover excessive gaps between planks.

(e)

Structural plywood with a grade of not less than Grade F11, as specified in AS/NZS 2269, and thickness of not less than 13 mm may be used to span gaps of not more than 150 mm between planks, provided the plywood fully covers and is securely fastened to the planks on either side of the gap. 5.3 MOBILE SCAFFOLDS Scaffolds having standards fitted with castors for mobility shall comply with the following: (a)
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A base lift of ledgers and transoms shall be fixed to the standards as close as possible to the castors. The castors shall be positively fixed to the standards. Plan braces shall be fixed to the standards with right-angle couplers at the base of the scaffold and at every second lift, to prevent distortion of the scaffold while it is being moved. The length of a plan brace shall be not more than 3 m between connecting points, unless it is fixed at approximately the mid span to prevent buckling. Longitudinal face braces shall be fixed to each outer longitudinal row of standards. In the case of a multi-bay scaffold, braces shall comply with Item 5.2 (b). Scaffold planks shall be secured against displacement. The supporting surface shall be hard and level. The height of the scaffold shall not exceed two times its least base width. An internal ladder access, complying with Clause 5.6, shall be provided.
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(b) (c)

(d) (e) (f) (g) (h)

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FIGURE 10 PLAN VIEW OF A FREESTANDING BIRDCAGE SCAFFOLD

5.4 SLOPING WORKING PLATFORMS The slope of working platforms shall be not more than a rise of 1:8 horizontal. Where it is necessary to provide sloping working platforms, the scaffold shall comply with the following: (a) (b) The ledgers supporting the sloping platform shall be fixed to the upper surface of transoms with right-angle couplers. To prevent creep, the planks shall be fixed by (i) (ii)
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lashing to the putlogs; fixing cleats to their underside, hard against a putlog; or other suitable means.

(iii) (c) (d)

The guardrails and midrail shall be fixed to the standards with swivel couplers. Where further lifts are above the sloping platform, the lift immediately above the sloping platform shall provide adequate head clearance along the full length of the sloping platform.

5.5 ACCESS WAYS AND BARROW RUNS 5.5.1 General Access ways and barrow runs shall comply with the requirements for heavy duty working platforms, except that the platform width may be reduced to (a) (b) 450 mm, where passage is required for persons only; or 675 mm, where passage is required for wheelbarrows (see Figure 11(a)).
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5.5.2 Slope The slope of access ways shall be not more than a rise of 1:3 horizontal. The slope of barrow runs shall be not more than a rise of 1:6 horizontal. Where an access way or a barrow run has a slope of more than a rise of 1:8 horizontal, it shall be fitted with cleats complying with Clause 5.5.3. 5.5.3 Cleats Cleats shall be (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) nominally 25 mm thick; nominally 50 mm wide; spaced at intervals of nominally 450 mm; fitted across the full width of the access way or barrow run, except for a gap of 100 mm in the centre of barrow runs for use by the wheel of barrows; and nailed, screwed or otherwise securely fixed to the upper surface of the platform.

5.6 ACCESS FOR WORKING PLATFORMS 5.6.1 General Working platforms shall be provided with safe access and egress that takes the form of access ways, barrow runs, ladders or other means (see Figure 11). Ladders shall not adversely affect the stability of the scaffold. External ladders shall be used only on birdcage scaffolds and tied scaffolds. Mobile scaffolds shall be fitted with internal ladders that are clear of the surface supporting the scaffold. External access to a scaffold from a ladder shall be unobstructed and shall not require persons to climb over or through guardrails. Such ladders shall be parallel to the scaffold as shown in Figure 11(b). 5.6.2 Portable ladders Portable ladders shall be single ladders complying with the industrial-grade requirements of (a) (b) for metal ladders, AS/NZS 1892.1; and for timber ladders, AS 1892.2 in Australia and NZS 3609 in New Zealand.

5.6.3 Use of ladders Ladders shall

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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

have a slope with a rise of not less than 4:1 horizontal nor more than 6:1 horizontal; be secured against displacement in any direction; be provided with landings at the head and at the base; except that where the ladder rests on a fully covered supporting structure, the base landing may be omitted; have a base offset from the head of the ladder below, so that ladders do not take the form of a single continuous ladder; extend at least 900 mm above landings; and have a clear and unobstructed access and egress at each landing.

The vertical spacing between successive landings serviced by a portable ladder shall be not more than 6 m.

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5.7 EDGE PROTECTION 5.7.1 General Except where Clause 5.7.6 applies, edge protection shall be provided on the open sides and ends of any access platform, barrow run or working platform located at a height from which a person or object could fall. The fall height shall be not greater than that stipulated in the relevant legislation of the relevant State, Territory or country. Such edge protection shall be either (a) (b) a guardrail, a toeboard and a midrail; or a guardrail, a toeboard and infill.

5.7.2 Guardrails Guardrails shall be (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) of scaffold tube; parallel to the platform; set at a height above the platform of not less than 900 mm nor more than 1100 mm; joined with end-to-end couplers; and fixed to (i) (ii) the inside of each standard crossed with right-angle swivel or putlog couplers; or the upper end of each standard crossed with finial couplers.

5.7.3 Toeboards Toeboards shall be (a) (b) (c) scaffold planks complying with AS 1577 in Australia or NZS 3620 in New Zealand. securely fixed to the inside of the standards; and positioned so that (i) (ii) they extend above the platform surface by not less than 150 mm; and gaps between the toeboard and the platform are not more than 10 mm.

5.7.4 Midrails Midrails shall be (a)

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of scaffold tube; parallel to the platform; set at approximately midway between the guardrail and the upper edge of the toeboard; joined with end-to-end couplers; and fixed to the inside of each standard crossed using right-angle, swivel or putlog couplers.

(b) (c) (d) (e)

5.7.5 Infill Infill shall be (a) brickguards of proprietary manufacture, secured between the guardrail and the platform and incorporating a kickplate with a height of not less than 150 mm; or

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(b)

chainwire mesh, secured between the guardrail and toeboard, where the mesh is of steel wire with a diameter of not less than 2.5 mm and openings with a size of not more than 50 mm 50 mm.

5.7.6 Omission of edge protection Edge protection or components of edge protection may be omitted at points of access from a ladder or at edges of platforms adjacent to the face of a building or structure, provided the following apply: (a) Points of access to ladders are (i) (ii) (b) adequately protected by gates, safety chains or other means; or sufficiently distant from working platforms to prevent persons working from such platforms inadvertently falling through any opening.

Where a toeboard is omitted adjacent to the face of a building or structure (other than a working face), such face (i) (ii) (iii) is of a strength and rigidity not less than that of a toeboard; extends at least 150 mm above the top of the platform; and is not more than 10 mm from the platform edge.

(c)

Where a toeboard is not provided adjacent to the working face of a building or structure (i) (ii) the gap between the platform edge and the face is less than 225 mm; and adequate safeguards are taken to prevent any person being endangered in the event of debris falling.

(d)

Where a guardrail or midrail is omitted adjacent to the face of a building or structure, other than a working face, such a face (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) is not more than 100 mm from the platform edge; has a strength and rigidity of not less than that of a guardrail; extends at least 900 mm above the top surface of the platform; and adequately performs the function of a guardrail.

(e)

Where a guardrail or midrail is omitted adjacent to a working face of a building or structure, such a face (i) (ii) is less than 225 mm from the platform edge; has a strength and rigidity not less than that of a guardrail; extends at least 900 mm above the top surface of the platform; and in all other respects, adequately performs the function of a guardrail.

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(iii) (iv)

5.7.7 Additional protection Where equipment or materials are intended to be deposited on a working platform to a height exceeding the height of the toeboard or in a position where there is any likelihood of such materials or equipment falling or being knocked from the platform, a guardrail, toeboard and infill shall be provided for edge protection.

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

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FIGURE 11 (in part) TYPICAL MEANS OF ACCESS

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NOTE: Edge protection not shown for clarity.

FIGURE 11 (in part) TYPICAL MEANS OF ACCESS

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AS/NZS 1576.6:2000

FIGURE 12 TYPICAL MEANS OF SECURING LADDERS

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