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Assignment - III
1) Given Equation:
DE
pui ij ui
T
k
gi ui
Dt
xi
x j
x j x j
u
ij i
x j
u u
E e i i
2
u
ij i j
x j xi
e C pT
T
q j k
x j
ij ,
ij
x j
[Ref:1]
p g i
q j
u
D
u u
g i ui
e i i g i i
Dt
2
i
j
q
u
De
D u u
i i g i i j g i ui
Dt
Dt 2
xi
x j
C p
q
DT
00 j 0
Dt
x j
C p
DT
T
k
Dt x j x j
2) Assuming temperature changes only in the y-direction find and plot the temperature profile
if the fluid is :
(a) Air,
(b) Water,
(c) Mercury,
(d) SAE 30 oil.
x
Figure 1. Upper plate is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s, while bottom plate is stationary.
Flow Assumptions: Steady-state conditions, fully developed Couette flow and incompressible fluid
with constant properties.
Table 1. Properties for the fluids in the second problem. For mercury, interpolation was used at 20C.
At 20C, 1 atm
(a)
air
(b)
water
(c)
mercury
(d)
SAE 30 oil
, Ns/m2
0.000018
0.001003
0.001564
0.29
k, W/mK
0.0263
0.613
8.449
0.12
Ref:
[1]
[1]
[2]
[3]
air i
x j
U upperPlate
10m / s
184.6 107
0.0009 N / m 2
L
0.2m
(b) Water
w i
x j
U upperPlate
10m / s
1.003 103
0.05015N / m 2
L
0.2m
(c) Mercury
U upperPlate
10m / s
1.5646 103
0.07823N / m 2
L
0.2m
hg i
x j
(d) SAE 30 oil
SAE 30 i
x j
U upperPlate
10m / s
0.29
14.5N / m 2
L
0.2m
u
i
x j
( ) air
U upperPlate
7 10m / s
3
184.6 10
0.045W / m
L
0.2m
(b) Water
u
( ) w i
x j
U upperPlate
3 10m / s
3
1.003 10
2.5075W / m
L
0.2m
(c) Mercury
( ) hg
u
i
x j
U upperPlate
3 10m / s
3
1.5646 10
3.9115W / m
L
0.2m
( ) SAE
u
i
x j
U upperPlate
10m / s
3
0.29
725W / m
L
0.2m
The location of the maximum temperature corresponds to ymax=L. Hence Tmax=To+U2/8k and
T0 ( y) Ay 2 C3 y C4
where:
sp stands for steel plate with a k of 1.5 W/mK,
2k fluid
fluid
k fluid
U upperPlate
dT0
dy
yL
dT0
2 Ay C3
dy
T0 ( y ) Tsp
,
Lsp / k sp
Lsp 0
Lsp
2 AL C3 T0 ( L) Tsp AL2 C3 L C4 Tsp
k sp
10 A(0.2m) 2
C3
(0.2m)
C4 is constant for all liquids, yet C3 depend on fluid properties. A values for each fluid type are:
At 20C, 1 atm
(a)
air
(b)
water
(c)
mercury
(d)
SAE 30 oil
A
0.855513
2.045269
0.231486
3020.833
(a) Air
10 0.856(0.2m) 2
C3
50.1711 T0 ( y ) Ay 2 C3 y C4
(0.2m)
T0 ( y ) 0.856 y 2 50.2 y 10
(b) Water
C3
10 2.05(0.2m) 2
50.409
(0.2m)
T0 ( y )
2.05 y 2 50.4 y 10
(c) Mercury
10 0.231(0.2m) 2
C3
50.046
(0.2m)
T0 ( y) 0.23 y
50 y 10
10 3020(0.2m) 2
C3
654.167
(0.2m)
T0 ( y) 3020 y
654.2 y 10
Executed Temperature values depending on the layer height between planes are:
y
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
T air
10.000
10.502
11.003
11.504
12.005
12.506
13.007
13.508
14.008
14.508
15.009
15.508
16.008
16.508
17.007
17.506
18.005
18.504
19.003
19.502
20.000
T water
10.000
10.504
11.007
11.510
12.013
12.515
13.017
13.519
14.020
14.520
15.020
15.520
16.020
16.519
17.017
17.515
18.013
18.510
19.007
19.504
20.000
C
T mercury
10.000
10.500
11.001
11.501
12.001
12.502
13.002
13.502
14.002
14.502
15.002
15.502
16.002
16.502
17.002
17.502
18.001
18.501
19.001
19.500
20.000
T SAE 30 oil
10.000
16.240
21.875
26.906
31.333
35.156
38.375
40.990
43.000
44.406
45.208
45.406
45.000
43.990
42.375
40.156
37.333
33.906
29.875
25.240
20.000
T air
25
y = -0.8555x2 + 50.171x + 10
R = 1
20
15
T air
10
Poly. (T air)
5
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
T water
25
y = -2.0453x2 + 50.409x + 10
R = 1
20
15
T water
10
Poly. (T water)
5
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
T mercury
25
y = -0.2315x2 + 50.046x + 10
R = 1
20
15
T mercury
10
Poly. (T mercury)
5
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
T SAE 30 oil
50
40
30
T SAE 30 oil
y = -3020.8x2 + 654.17x + 10
R = 1
20
10
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
TEMPERATURE PROFILES
T air
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0
10
20
30
40
50
30
40
50
40
50
40
50
T water
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0
10
20
T mercury
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0
10
20
30
T SAE 30 oil
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0
10
20
30
References:
1) www.itiomar.it/pubblica/dispense/MECHANICAL%20ENGINEERING%20HANDBOOK/Ch03.pdf
2) http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0073398128/835451/App1.pdf
3) http://www.lytron.com/Tools-and-Technical-Reference/Thermal-Reference/Material-Properties
4) http://courses.washington.edu/overney/privateChemE340/HW340_Solutions/HW5.pdf