Postgraduate Module Handbook

Space and Power in International Politics 2011-2012

Seminars: Mondays, 7-8pm Lectures: Mondays 6-7pm PLEASE CHECK MyBirkbeck FOR LOCATION

Course team: Alex Cols, a.colas@bbk.ac.uk

Contents
Studying at Birkbeck Term time Teaching Availability of lecturers and seminar leaders Tutors Preparation Get Ahead: Stay Ahead. Problems affecting study Disability advice and support Student feedback Learning Resources Birkbeck Library Other libraries IT Services (ITS) Assessment Essay Submission Essay Marking Procedures Late Submission Mitigating Circumstances Plagiarism Exams and your availability Introduction to Your Module of Study Module Aims and Objectives Background Reading Teaching Arrangements Blackboard and other Learning Resources Module Assessment Exams Module Syllabus Reading List Essay Questions Annex: Birkbeck Plagiarism Guidelines Annex: Marking System Annex: Useful Links Annex: Contact List

Studying at Birkbeck
Term time The academic year is organised into three terms: Autumn Monday 3 October 2011 to Friday 16 December 2011 Spring Monday 9 January 2012 to Friday 23 March 2012 Summer Monday 23 April 2012 to Friday 6 July 2012 Teaching Formal teaching takes place between 18:00 and 20:00 or 21:00, with each module meeting on one evening per week. Modules are typically taught by a combination of lectures and student-led discussion. The lecture will identify the main themes and debates for each given topic. The seminar usually takes the form of organised studentled discussion. In addition, study skills sessions, dissertation workshops and practice examinations are scheduled for workshop week in the Autumn and Spring terms. Availability of lecturers and seminar leaders Lecturers and seminar leaders are available to answer student queries about their work or to assist where students are experiencing difficulties relating to the subject matter covered during the module. They will let you know the best way of contacting them and when they are available to see you. Tutors As part of our programme of student support all undergraduate students are assigned to a personal tutor in their first year. Your tutor is available by appointment, and can offer advice and referrals for issues affecting student progress and wellbeing. Preparation Self-discipline is an important part of being a Birkbeck student. You will have many claims on your time, and you will need to be very disciplined to fit in private study. It is, however, essential that you do so. In the end, the benefit you gain from your degree programme will depend above all else on reading and attendance. Both are essential and you should not see either as an adequate substitute for the other, although it is, of course, true that you will probably need to do some extra reading on subjects covered in sessions you are not able to attend. It is better to set aside regular and frequent periods rather than expect to have a whole weekend free once a month. Try to be realistic about the amount of time needed or you may become discouraged and fall behind with your work. Students benefit greatly from mutual support. Discuss the module with other students. If you are unable to avoid missing a class, you should make arrangements to borrow someones notes. Be prepared to put at least five hours a week into reading for preparation of essays or class papers. Assistance with the skills required for study is offered by the Students Union (see contact details below). Tutors will also be able to offer advice should you encounter difficulties. Reading In order to make the sessions a useful and productive learning experience, students must read the recommended items indicated on the reading list and be ready to participate in discussion. The seminar section of the class is intended to be student3

centred, so preparation on your part is absolutely essential. Attendance Attendance at classes is compulsory. Students attending fewer than three quarters of their classes on all modules will not normally be permitted to register for the written examination(s) and thus will not be able to complete the degree. Keeping in touch You should check the Department website (www.bbk.ac.uk/politics) and the pigeonholes (in the corridor at 10 Gower Street) regularly for notices. You are responsible for making any changes to your postal address or email address via the student intranet (further details will be provided when you by the Registry). Please do not hesitate to contact one of your tutors if you are having any problems affecting your studies that we may be able to assist you with. Get Ahead: Stay Ahead. In your first term you may find the demands of your course give you some concern. Birkbecks Get Ahead: Stay Ahead website can help you through the challenging first term. For more details, please visit: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/get-ahead-stay-ahead Problems affecting Study If difficulties arise at work or with family, money, health or anything else that may affect your study, please let someone in the Department know, and we will do our best to help out. You are welcome to approach the director of your core or option module. If you wish to speak to a member of staff who is not teaching you, you might contact the Student Liaison Officer, Dr Dionyssis Dimitrakopoulos (D.Dimitrakopoulos@bbk.ac.uk) or the Head of the Department of Politics, Dr Deborah Mabbett, d.mabbett@bbk.ac.uk, 020 7631 6789. Alternatively, you might contact the Students Union welfare support (http://www.birkbeckunion.org/welfare/) or any of the College services listed on My Birkbeck (http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/) Disability Advice and Support At Birkbeck there are students with a wide range of disabilities including dyslexia, visual or hearing impairments, mobility difficulties, mental health needs, HIV, M.E., respiratory conditions etc. Many of them have benefited from the advice and support provided by the Colleges disability service. Please see the Disability Office website for further details: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/facilities/disability/disability-office Student feedback The Department believes that student feedback is important to the quality of its provision. It invites you to make your views known or to raise issues through the following formal channels: Class Representatives are elected in the third week of the winter term. They represent the class in the Students Union and at the Student-Staff Exchange

Meetings (see below), and can also approach the programme director or the Head of Department to raise issues on behalf of the class or individuals in the class. Student-Staff exchange meetings are scheduled each term. All students are invited, and class representatives are expected to attend. SSEMs are scheduled to precede Department meetings so that Department staff can consider their responses to the concerns raised and report back to students on action taken. A Module Evaluation Questionnaire is completed and submitted in the spring term. Students are asked to comment on the module and the quality of teaching. Responses are collated and summarised in a module review, presented by the module director to the Department Teaching Committee, where they are discussed. The module director examines the issues raised and identifies the follow-up action to be taken. A summary is posted on the Department notice board following the meeting, and a report is presented by the Student Liaison Officer at the next Student-Staff Exchange Meeting. Personal Tutors (undergraduate) and the Student Liaison Officer (postgraduate) will communicate any concerns you have to the relevant tutor, teacher or administrator. This is a good way of giving feedback to us privately. Students are also encouraged to convey any concerns or complaints they have informally to module and programme directors or, if necessary, the Head of Department.

Learning Resources
Birkbeck Library Although lectures and seminars are an essential element of the course, success in learning depends largely on the reading and research that is undertaken individually by students. Most items on the course reading lists are available in the Birkbeck Library, which is open seven days a week for most of the year. Essential items for courses can be found either in the Reading Room Collection of reference-only print books and photocopies or will be available electronically. Information about the Librarys layout and services and access to the catalogue is available from the web site at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/ It is important to familiarise yourself with the Library. For an overview of the Librarys resources for Politics, see: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/subguides/socialscience/polsoc As well as its physical holdings, the Library has a comprehensive range of e-resources including bibliographic databases (which tell you what has been written on a topic) and thousands of electronic journals. Most of the electronic resources can be accessed from outside the College using your ITS username and password (see below): http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/elib

Library Materials by Post The LAMP Service (LibrAry Materials by Post) is a subscription-based service that enables you to have books and photocopies of articles posted to your home address. You may find it particularly useful if you are not able to visit the library frequently. For more details, see: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/about/how/lamp Birkbeck students with disabilities may be able to join the service for free on the recommendation of the College Disability Officer, Mark Pimm. If you think you may be eligible for free membership, please first contact Mark Pimm in the Disability Office on Tel: 020 7631 6315 or email m.pimm@bbk.ac.uk Lost or stolen items Students using the Birkbeck Library are asked to report any lost or stolen item to the School as soon as possible, so that steps may be taken to locate or replace it as quickly as possible. They may notify the School Administrator on (7631 6789) or the Schools Library Liaison Officer, Faith Armitage (f.armitage@bbk.ac.uk). When reporting a missing item to the School, please provide the authors name, the title and the Birkbeck Library shelf-mark. Other Libraries In the course of your studies it is expected that you will use the research collections located near to Birkbeck. You can borrow materials from the University of London Senate House Library and access its extensive electronic sources. Please take along your ID card and your Certificate of Birkbeck Student Eligibility (which can be downloaded from your MyBirkbeck profile at: www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck) to the Senate House Library membership desk It is advisable to join the SCONUL Access Scheme at: http://www.access.sconul.ac.uk/ This scheme allows part time students and sometimes full time postgraduates to borrow from other member libraries. SOAS is part of this scheme. The LSE offers access to part-time students via SCONUL but not to full-time students. Full information about accessing other libraries is available at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/otherlibs/ Interlibrary Loan Service The Library also runs an interlibrary loan service to enable you to obtain copies of books and articles not held in its own collections. As it can take a couple of weeks to obtain copies of requested materials, you are advised to plan ahead in your general reading and essay preparation so as to make use of this facility. Please note: a nominal charge will be made for each interlibrary loan request received and there is a limit on the number of requests you can make at any one time. For more details, see: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/about/how/ill/illguide IT Services (ITS) ITS is an academic service department responsible for the central communications

and IT infrastructure of the College. ITS provides a wide range of network services to support the teaching & learning, research and administrative activities of College staff and students. ITS facilities and services include: Extensive campus data network providing high speed connectivity to the Internet; Purpose-built computer classrooms equipped with up-to-date networked PCs and high-quality printers (at least one open 24 hours a day); A wide range of general software applications (e.g. word-processing, email, web) and specialist packages; Wireless connectivity to the College network from your laptop or other personal computer equipment; Facilities for students with special needs, including technical support and advice on the use of assistive technologies to help with specific disabilities; Helpdesk with extended opening hours for general computing queries; Practical, hands-on training workshops on general applications and selftraining materials to enable you to work at your own pace; Remote access to College electronic resources and services from home or work; An online electronic course management system to support learning - the Blackboard Virtual Learning Environment (BLE).

You can find out more about these services and others by visiting the 'My Birkbeck' website: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/ Access to all IT services is controlled by using a username and password. These are provided to all registered students of the College along with personal storage space on a networked file server. An email address nominated and maintained by each student will be used for all College correspondence. Students requiring a Birkbeck email account can apply for one. You are expected to access the 'My Studies at Birkbeck' website to update your email address and other personal details and to access information about your programme of study, and you will also access your personal timetable from this page, which you must check regularly in case of room or class changes. There is also a text message news flash service enabling students to receive free urgent messages from the College via their mobile phones. Full details are available at: www.bbk.ac.uk/its/services/sm

Contact the ITS Helpdesk and Reception: Tel: 020 7631 6543 Email: its-helpdesk@bbk.ac.uk In person: Ground Floor, Malet Street Main Building. Open Monday to Friday 09:00am to 8:00pm during term time 09:00am to 6:00pm during vacations

Assessment
Essay Submission Students are required to submit their essays electronically via Blackboard by the due date set in the relevant module book. The e-version provides the record that submission has been made. Please keep an electronic and hard backup of the essay for safekeeping. The Department endeavours to maintain anonymity for essay marking. Students are asked to complete a coursework cover sheet using their student number but not their name. This form should be cut and paste onto the first page of their essay document. This file should also be saved using the student number rather than the student name (e.g. 12106999.doc). A coursework cover sheet is available at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/polsoc/download/students/coversheet\ Students are advised to use the Harvard system of referencing but other established systems are acceptable provided they are correctly and consistently employed. For guidance on how to reference books, journal articlesetc, see: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/facilities/support/dissertations/ugdissertations/referencing Essay Marking Procedures All essays are marked by the lecturer or seminar leader on the module. Essays, which count towards the final assessment for the module, are double-marked internally and may later be submitted to an external examiner. It is important to note that the mark given by the internal markers is provisional and may be revised upwards or downwards at a later stage by the external examiner. All marks are provisional until confirmed by a full meeting of the Examinations Board at the end of the academic year. Late Submission College policy dictates how the Department treats work that is due for assessment but submitted after the published deadline. Any piece of assessment that is submitted late and for which no application for consideration of mitigating circumstances (see below) has been accepted will be

awarded a mark of no more than 50% for postgraduates and 40% for undergraduates. Where an assessment has not been submitted or attended and no application for consideration of mitigating circumstances has been accepted a mark of zero will be awarded. As a courtesy, you should tell your module seminar leader if you are going to submit an essay late. However, staff cannot give extensions. Mitigating Circumstances The College Policy on Mitigating Circumstances determines how boards of examiners will treat assessment that has been affected by adverse circumstances. Mitigating circumstances are defined as unforeseen, unpreventable circumstances that significantly disrupt your academic performance, such as an illness or bereavement. If you wish mitigating circumstances to be taken into consideration, you should complete the mitigating circumstances form and submit it, with documentary evidence as appropriate, to your module administrator, normally within seven days of the published final assessment deadline or examination. The case will then be considered by the Mitigation Sub-committee of the relevant Board of Examiners. This is in confidence, and you may request that only the Chair of the panel has sight of your form. The mitigating circumstances form is available at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/forms/mitigating_circumstances.doc The full mitigating circumstances procedure is available at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/mitcircspol.pdf Plagiarism Plagiarism, which is the presentation of another person's thoughts or words as your own in essays, dissertations or other assessed work, constitutes grounds for failing a candidate on the coursework concerned. More serious sanctions may be also applied if circumstances warrant them. While the internet makes it easier to appropriate the work of authors, it also make it easier to spot such practices, so unfortunately we do deal with a number of plagiarism cases each year. In some cases, students have misunderstood how to cite other scholars work in an appropriate manner. In many other cases, students run into difficulties with their studies and resort to plagiarism when it would have been wiser to seek advice from their lecturers or seminar leaders and/or submit an application for consideration of mitigating circumstances (see above). In other cases, Please read Birkbecks guidelines on plagiarism annexed to this handbook to ensure that you have a full understanding of what plagiarism is and how to avoid it. See also the Colleges policy on plagiarism and other assessment offences: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/assmtoff.pdf Exams and your availability

The exam period starts in late April and ends in early June. You will need to make sure that you are available during the full exam period, since no alternative arrangements for sitting the exams can be made. In order to accommodate the number of exams set across the College, exams are taken during the working day. It will, therefore, be necessary for you to arrange time-off with your employer once the exam timetable is known. The exam timetable is published in March.

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Space and Power in International Politics

Module Aims and Objectives This module explores ways in which diverse spaces are invested with power in international politics. It applies aspects of critical geopolitics and political and economic geography to the study of international politics, in both its contemporary and historical manifestations. The purpose of this course is to provide students with an advanced appreciation of the ideological, socio-economic and political forces at play in valorising space internationally. It focuses on the ways in which the flows of globalisation constantly interact with territorial spatio-temporal fixes, thus generating diverse international relations of power. Students will be introduced to a range of theoretical perspectives to understand how space and power and conceived, perceived and lived in the international system, both recently and in the past. The course will examine the spatial dimensions of geopolitics, imperialism, the global economy, nationalism and global governance. On successful completion of this module a student will be expected to be able to: understand the ways in which diverse spaces are invested with power in international politics. critically examine the social forces and institutions involved in producing these diverse spaces in international politics. demonstrate how changing conceptions and perceptions of space have transformed international politics through time. demonstrate a critical awareness of the relationship between such expressions of spatial politics and the structure of international relations. apply theoretical tools derived from critical geopolitics, and political and economic geography in analysing contemporary and historical phenomena ranging from offshore finance to border disputes; cartography to the political economy of global cities.

Background Reading There is no single textbook for this module. Students might wish to purchase one or more of the following books, which touch on varying aspects of the course and can serve as sources of reference: Painter, J. & A. Jeffrey, Political Geography, 2nd edition (Sage, 2010); Gallaher et al. eds. Key Concepts in Political Geography (Sage, 2010); Dicken, P. Global Shift (Sage, 2010) 6th edition; Hirst, P. Space and Power (Polity, 2004); Cols, Empire (Polity, 2007). Teaching Arrangements The course is taught through a combination of lectures and seminars. Lectures will identify the main themes and debates for each given topic. Seminars will take the form of organised student-led discussion. The format of these discussions will vary from week to week. Regular attendance at classes is essential. You should contact either one of us or the School Office (020 7631 6780/89) if you are unable to come to a particular session. The work for each seminar is set out below, and it is expected that all students will 11

have read the relevant required reading for each class and be prepared to participate in discussion. Classes will take place between 18:00 and 21:00 on Monday evenings at the location identified in your MyBirkbeck account. Blackboard and other Learning Resources This module uses a virtual learning environment known as Blackboard to aid students learning. The dedicated Blackboard base for this course contains PowerPoint presentations, course-related materials and selected readings and it will also provide the principal means of electronic communication between lecturers and students. The Blackboard base for this course can be accessed at www.ble.ac.uk. You will need your ITS username and password to log on. Essays should be submitted according to the instructions above. Essays marks and comments will be returned via Blackboard. [Please add some alternative text here if your module departs from this practice] Module Assessment Core Module Students Students taking this module as a core are assessed by a three-hour unseen written examination taken at the end of the academic year, in May or June. In addition students are required to submit one essay of 3,000 words in length, chosen from a list of approved questions (see the esay and seminar questions for each week in the syllabus below). Essays should be submitted on or before 5 December 2011. Marks for core course essay do not contribute towards final assessment, but their submission is a requirement for completing the course and you must achieve a pass mark of 50. Although they do not count towards final mark, core course essays are extremely valuable. They enable us to monitor your progress, allow you an opportunity to receive feedback on your work, and give students returning to education an opportunity to adjust to the discipline of writing without jeopardising their final results. Option Module Students A three-hour unseen written examination taken at the end of the academic year, in May or June, will constitute 50% of the final assessment for an option unit. The other 50% will be determined by a written assignment of 3,000-4,000 words in length, chosen from a list of approved questions (see end of this coursebook). Essays should be submitted on or before 27th February 2012. It is important to note that no student may pass an MSc/MRes option module in the Department of Politics if s/he fails either of the two required elements at 39% or below. Exams

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The exam requires students to answer 3 questions in 3 hours from a choice of 12 questions. This method of assessment encourages and tests the development of subject-specific understanding and knowledge, skills of analysis, evaluation and problem solving, and encourages study across the breadth of the syllabus. It discourages plagiarism. Past exams are available at: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/elib/exam A practice (mock) examination session is scheduled for the spring workshop week. You may choose to sit a practice exam for any course on which you are due to be examined in the summer. Students must register in advance. For details, please go to: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/politics/current-students/examinations/copy_of_index_html Please be aware that summer examinations at Birkbeck normally take place on weekdays between 10.00 am and 5.30pm between in early May and mid-June. The precise date will be decided by the College, not the Department, and will not be announced until the spring, usually in March. Please be aware that you may need to arrange to take time off to sit the exam.

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Module Syllabus
Week No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 POLITICS WEEKS FOR TEACHING 3-Oct-11 10-Oct-11 17-Oct-11 24-Oct-11 31-Oct-11 7-Nov-11 14-Nov-11 21-Nov-11 28-Nov-11 5-Dec-11 12-Dec-11 9-Jan-12 16-Jan-12 23-Jan-12 30-Jan-12 6-Feb-12 13-Feb-12 20-Feb-12 27-Feb-12 5-Mar-12 12-Mar-12 19-Mar-12 Topic Introduction: Power, Production and Space in International Politics Outer Limits: Frontiers, Borders and Boundaries Inland Revenue: Territory, Taxation, Tribute and Rent Outlaws: Pirates, Bandits and Warlords Ecumenical Cartographies: Mapping and the Myths of Origin Workshop week: No classes Reading Week: No classes Infrastructures of Sovereignty: Passports, Walls and Fortresses Imagined Communities: Nationalism and Place The New Imperialism: Capitalism and Territory Vacation Tropicopolitans: Transnationalism, Internationalism and Postcolonialism Geopolitics: The Value of Territory Neo-Liberalism and the Global City A Tale of Three Cities: Detroit, Bilbao, Dubai Extraterritoriality: Offshore and the Camp Workshop week: No classes Reading Week: No classes Resource Wars in the New Frontiers: Energy, Food and Water Technologies of Occupation Revision Class Vacation

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Reading List
1. Introduction: Power, Production and Space in International Politics 3 October 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What does Sassen mean by world-scale and is this a useful category when analyzing space and power in international politics today? 2. In what ways is space imbued with power in international politics? Compulsory Reading Levinson, M. (2006) The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger, chapters 1 and 14, RRC 387.5442 LEV Sassen, S. Territory, Authority, Rights chapter 3, RRC 306.201 SAS Supplementary Reading *Agnew, J. (1994) The Territorial Trap: The Geographical Assumptions of International Relations Theory Review of International Political Economy, Vole. 1, No.1, pp. 5380. Appadurai, A. (1990) Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy Public Culture, Vol.2, No. 2, pp. 124. Aug, M. (1995) Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity *Brenner, N. (1999) Beyond State-Centrism? Space, Territoriality, and Geographical Scale in Globalization Studies Theory and Society, 28, 3978. EJOURNAL Brenner, N. (1998) Between Fixity and Motion: Accumulation, Territorial Organization and the Historical Geography of Spatial Scales. Environment and Planning D: Space and Society, Vol. 16, pp. 459481EJOURNAL Coe et al eds (2010) Economic Geography: a Contemporary Introduction Cox, K.R. (1997) Spaces of Globalization: Reasserting the Power of the Local Delaney, D. (2005) Territory: A Short Introduction, chapter 2 *Dicken, P. (2011) Global Shift: Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy *Harvey, D. (2001) Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography Harvey, D. (2006) Spaces of Global Capitalism: Towards a Theory of Uneven Geographical Development Hubbard, P. (2004) Key Thinkers of Space and Place *Lefebvre, H. (1991) The Production of Space Lefebvre, H. (2003) Space and State in N. Brenner et al. eds., State/Space: A Reader, Oxford: Blackwell Lefebvre, H. (2009) State, Space, World: Selected Essays edited by N. Brenner and S. Elden Massey, D. (2005) For Space *Sack, R.D. (1981) Human Territoriality Sassen, S. ed (2007) Deciphering the Global: Its Spaces, Scales and Subjects Soya, E. (1998) Postmodern Geographies Audiovisual Materials The Wire, Series 2

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2. Outer Limits: Frontiers, Borders and Boundaries 10 October 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What is the difference between a border, a boundary and a frontier? Does this difference matter? 2. With reference to a specific example, critically assess the claim that the nature of its frontier defines the identity of a state? Compulsory Reading Sahlins, P. (1989) Boundaries: the Making of France and Spain in the Pyrenees, Introduction RRC 946.5 SAH Hirst, P. (2005) Space and Power: Politics, War and Architecture, chapter 5 RRC 320.12 HIR Supplementary Reading Anderson, D. & D. Killingray (2002) Policing the Empire: Government, Authority and Control, 1830-1940 Anderson, M. & Bort, E. (1997) The Frontiers of Europe *Anderson, M. (1997) Frontiers: State and Territory in the Formation of the Modern World Adelman, J. and S. Aron (1999) From Borderlands to Borders: Empires, NationStates, and the Peoples in Between North American History The American Historical Review, No.104 Barfield, T.J. (1996) The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, 221 BC to AD 1757 Bartlett, R.& A. MacKay (1989) Medieval Frontier Societies Baud, M., Toward a Comparative History of Borderlands Journal of World History, Vo. 8, No.2, pp. 211-242. Cols, A. Empire, chapter 2 Faroqui, S. (2005) The Ottoman Empire and the Wider World *Febvre, L. (1973) Frontire: The Word and the Concept in A New Kind of History: From the Writings of Lucien Febvre (edited by Peter Burke) Ganster, P. & D. E Loney eds, (2004) Borders and Border Politics in a Globalizing World Hay, J. ed. (1994), Boundaries in China *Hennessy, A. (1978) The Frontier in Latin America History *Hess, A.C (1978) The Forgotten Frontier: A History of the Ibero-African Frontier Isaac, B. (1988) The Meaning of the Terms Limes and Limitanei, Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 78, pp. 125-147. Kopytoff, I. (1987) ed., The African Frontier: The Reproduction of Traditional African Societies Lamar, L. & Thompson, H. (1981) The Frontier in History: North America and Southern Africa Compared Lattimore, O. (1951) Inner Asian Frontiers of China Luttwak, E.N. (1974) The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire in the First Century AD Maroya, A. (2003) Rethinking of the Nation-State from the Frontier, Millennium, 16

Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 267-292. JNIS [SH] Mbebe, A. (2000) At the Edge of the World: Boundaries, Territoriality and Sovereignty in Africa, Public Culture Vol. 12, No.1, pp.129-284 *Newman, D. & A. Paasi (1998) Fences and Neighbours in the Postmodern World: Boundary Narratives in Political Geography Political Geography, Vol. 22, No.2, pp. 186-207. EJOURNAL Nicolet, C. (1991) Space, Geography and Politics in the Early Roman Empire Nugent, P.& A. J. Asiwaju (1996), eds., African Boundaries: Barriers, Conduits, and Opportunities Power, D & N. Standen (1999) Frontiers in Question: Eurasian Borderlands, 7001700 Prescott, J.R.V. (1987) Political Frontiers and Boundaries Ruggie, J., Territoriality and Beyond: Problematizing Modernity in IR, International Organization, Vol. 47 No.1, Winter 1993. JSTOR [Reprinted as Chapter 7 of Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization, London 1998] P/C 4115 Spruyt, H. (1994) The Sovereign State and Its Competitors: An Analysis of Systems Change *Teschke, B. (2004) The Myth of 1648: Class, Geopolitics and the Making of Modern International Relations Turner, F. J. The Significance of the Frontier in American History P/C 5388 Van der Pijl, K. (2009) Nomads, Empires and States Vols. I & II Williams, The Reach of Rome: A History of the Roman Imperial Frontier 1st-5th Centuries AD *Wilson, T.M & H. Donnan (1998) eds. Border Identities: Nation and State at International Frontiers Zavala, S. The Frontiers of Hispanic America in D.J. Weber (ed) (1979) New Spains Far Northern Frontier: Essays on Spain in the American West 15401821

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3. Inland Revenue: Territory, Taxation, Tribute and Rent 17 October 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. With reference to a specific example, crucially assess the claim that organized violence is central to the process of state-formation. 2. What is rent and how has it conditioned modern state-formation? Compulsory Reading Tilly, C. (1992) Coercion, Capital and European States, AD 990-1992 chapter 3, RRC 940 TIL Brewer, J. (1990) The Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State, 16881783, Chapter 4 RRC 941.07 BRE Supplementary Reading Ashton, T.A & C.H.E Philpin eds (1985) The Brenner Debate: Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe *Ayubi, N. (2006) Over-Stating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East *Bayart, J-F. (2009) The State in Africa: the Politics of the Belly Beik, W. (1985) Absolutism and Society in 17th Century France Bina, C. (1989) Some Controversies in the Development of Rent Theory: The Nature of Oil Rent, Capital and Class Vol. 39, No.1, pp. 82112. Biersteker, T.J. & C. Weber (1996) eds, State Sovereignty as a Social Construct Bonney, R. (1995) ed. Economic Systems and State Finance Bonney, R. (1999) The Rise of the Fiscal State in Europe, c. 1200-1815 Butcher and H. Dick (1993) eds, The Rise and Fall of Revenue Farming: Business Elites and the Emergence of the Modern State in Southeast Asia *Coronil, F. (1997) The Magical State: Nature, Money and Modernity in Venezuela Ertman, T. (1997) The Birth of Leviathan: Building States and Regimes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe Fine, B. (1979) On Marxs Theory of Agricultural Rent, Economy & Society, Vol. 8, No.2, pp 241-78. Finer, S.E. The History of Government From the Earliest Times, Vol. III: Empires, Monarchies and States Foucault, M (2009) Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collge de France 1977--1978 *Harvey, D. (2006) The Limits to Capital, 2nd edition chapters 11-13. Giddens, A (1981) The Nation-State and Violence, Volume II, Chapter 2 Haldon. J. (1993) The State and the Tributary Mode of Production, chapter 4 Hofman, T. & K. Norberg (1994) eds, Fiscal Crises, Liberty, and Representative Government, 14501789 Levi, M. (1988), Of Rule and Revenue *Mamdani, M. (1996) Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism Mann, M. (1986) Sources of Social Power, chapter 16. Moore, Jr. B (1966) Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and peasant in the Making of the Modern World 18

Murray, R. (1978) Value and the Theory of Rent Capital & Class Spring, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 11-33. Nicolet, C. (1991) Space, Geography, and Politics in the Early Roman Empire Scott, J.C. (1999) Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed Skocpol, T. (1985) States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, China and Russia Stokes, E. (1990) The English Utilitarians in India Teschke, B (2003) The Myth of 1648: Class, Politics and the Making of Modern International Relations, chapter 3 & 5 *Teschke, B. (2006). The Metamorphoses of European Territoriality: A Historical Reconstruction, in M. Burgess and H. Vollaard, State Territoriality and European Integration Tribe, K. (1977) Economic Property and the Theorization of Ground Rent, Economy & Society, Vol. 6, No.1, pp 69-88. 4 Outlaws: Pirates, Bandits and Warlords 24 October 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What accounts for the disappearance of maritime piracy in the Atlantic by the end of the eighteenth-century? 2. Critically assess the claim that EITHER bandits OR warlords have been critical in the process of modern state centralization. Compulsory Reading Thomson, J. (1994) Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns: State-Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern Europe, chapter 5 RRC 355.354 THO Barkey, K. (1994) Bandits and Bureaucrats: the Ottoman Route to State Centralization chapter 6, RRC o/o Supplementary Reading *Benton, L. (2005) Legal Spaces of Empire: Piracy and the Origins of Ocean Regionalism, Comparative Studies in Society and History, No.47, pp. 706-21 EJOURNAL *Cols, A & B. Mabee (2010) eds, Pirates, Mercenaries, Bandits and Empires: Private Violence in Historical Perspective Gilbert, J. M. (1990) On the Trail of Latin American Bandits: A Reexamination of Peasant Resistance Latin American Research Review Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 7-53 Frazer, C. (2006) Bandit Nation: a History of Outlaws and Cultural Struggle in Mexico, 1810-1920 Friman, R.H. & P. Andreas (1990) eds, The Illicit Global Economy and State Power Gambetta, D. (1993) The Sicilian Mafia: the Business of Private Protection Gilbert, J. M. (1990) On the Trail of Latin American Bandits: A Reexamination of Peasant Resistance Latin American Research Review Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 7-53 EJOURNAL Goodhand, J. (2005) Frontiers ands Wars: the Opium Economy in Afghanistan 19

Journal of Agrarian Change, Vo. 5, No.2, April EJOURNAL Hastings, J.V. (2009) Geographies of State Failure and Sophistication in Maritime Piracy Hijackings Political Geography, Vol. 28, No.2, pp. 213-223. EJOURNAL Harrison, R.P (1991) Forests: the Shadow of Civilization *Heyman, J. McC (1998) ed., States and Illegal Practices *Hobsbawm, E.J. (1964) Bandits Lane F. C. Economic Consequences of Organized Violence, in Profits From Power: Readings in Protection Rent and Violence-Controlling Enterprises Langewiesche, W. (2004) The Outlaw Sea: A World of Freedom, Chaos and Crime Murphy, M. (2009) Small Boats, Weak States, Dirty Money: Piracy and Maritime Terrorism in the Modern World *Marten, K. (2006/7) Warlordism in Comparative Perspective, International Security, Vol. 31, No.3, Winter EJOURNAL Murray, D. (1987) Pirates of the South China Coast (1790-1810) *Pennell, C.R. (2000) ed, Bandits at Sea: A Pirates Reader Rediker, M. (2004) Villains of All the Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age *Reno, W. (1998) Warlord Politics and African States Rich, P B. (1999), Warlords and International Relations *Ritchie, R. C. (1986) Captain Kidd and the War against the Pirates Rubin, A.P. (1988) The Law of Piracy Snchez, G. and D. Meertens (2001), Bandits, Peasants and Politics: the Case of La Violencia *Schmitt, C. (1999) Nomos of the Earth Slatta, R. (1987), Bandidos: the Varieties of Latin American Banditry *Tagliacozzo, E. (2005) Secret Trades, Porous Borders: Smuggling and States Along a Southeast Asian Frontier, 1865-1915 Thompson, E.P. (1975) Whigs and Hunters: the Origins of the Black Act Vanderwood, P. (1992) Disorder and Progress: Bandits, Police and Mexican Development Various Authors (1991) Debate on Banditry in Latin America Latin American Research Review Vol. 26, No.1, pp. 145-174 EJOURNAL

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5. Ecumenical Cartographies: Mapping and the Myths of Origin 31 October 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. With reference to a specific example, assess the way in which mapping becomes a political act. 2. How is the relationship between time and space politically represented in cartography? Compulsory Reading Black, J. (1997) Maps and Politics, chapter 1 RRC 911.09 BLA Lestingant, F. (1994) Mapping the Renaissance World: The Geographical Imagination in the Age of Discovery, chapter 1 RRC MCC3 [Les] Supplementary Reading Akenson, D. (1992) Gods Peoples: Covenant and Land in South Africa, Israel and Ulster Bagrow, L. (1964) History of Cartography Berthon, S. & A. Robinson (1991) The Shape of the World *Cormack, L.B (1997) Charting Empire: Geography and the English Universities, 1580-1620 Cosgrove, D. and Daniels S. (1988) The Iconography of Landscape Cosgrove, D. (1999) ed., Mappings Crampton, J (2001) Maps as Social Constructions: Power, Communication and Visualization Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 235-52 *Crampton, J (2009) Cartography: Performative, Participatory, Political Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 343, No. 4, pp.840-48 *Dodds, K. et al. (2010) eds Observant States: Geopolitics and Visual Culture Dym, J & K. Offen (2011) eds, Mapping Latin America Edney, M.H (1997) Mapping An Empire: the Geographical Construction of British India, 1765-1843 *Greenbaltt, S. (1992) Marvelous Possessions: The Wonder of the New World, chapter 2. Elwood, S. (2011) Geographic Information Science: Visualization, Visual Methods, and the Geoweb Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 401-408. EJOURNAL Habel, N.C. (1995) The Land is Mine: Six Biblical Land Ideologies Harley, J.B. and D. Woodward (1987) eds, The History of Cartography, Vols. I & II March, A.L The Idea of China: Myth and Theory in Geographic Thought NIS [SOAS] Masalha, N. (2007) The Bible and Zionism: Invented Traditions, Archaeology and Post-Colonialism in Palestine-Israel Mundy, B. E. (1996) The Mapping of New Spain *Orlove, B. (1993) Putting Race in Its Place: Order in Colonial and Postcolonial Peruvian Geography, Social Research, Vol. 60, No.2. EJOURNAL Perkins, C (2003) Cartography: Mapping Theory Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 323-35 EJOURNAL Perkins, C (2004) Cartography- Cultures of Mapping: Power in Practice Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 381-391 EJOURNAL 21

Pickles, J. A (1999) History of Spaces: Mapping Cartographic Reason in and OverCoded World Piper, K. L. (2002) Cartographic Fictions: Maps, Race, and Identity Portuondo, M.M. (2009) Secret Science: Spanish Cosmography and the New World Scaffi, A (2000) Mapping Paradise Smith. A.D. (1999) Myths and Memories of the Nation *Winichakul, T. (1993) Siam Mapped: The History of a Geobody Yonemoto, M (2003) Mapping Early Modern Japan NIS [SOAS] Zerubavel, E. (2003) Terra Cognita: the Mental Discovery of America

6. WORKSHOP WEEK: 7 NOVEMBER NO CLASSES 7. READING WEEK: 14 NOVEMBER NO CLASSES

8. Infrastructures of Sovereignty: Passports, Walls and Fortresses 21 November 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. With reference to a specific example, assess the ways in which EITHER walls OR fortresses reproduce sovereignty. 2. Critically assess Baumans claim that the era of space ended with 9/11. Compulsory Reading Salter, M. (2003) Rights of Passage: the Passport in International Relations, chapter 1 RRC 342.082 SAL Bauman, Z. (2002) Reconnaissance Wars of the Planetary Frontierland Theory, Culture & Society Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 81-90. EJOURNAL Supplementary Reading Ahonen, P. (2011) Death At the Berlin Wall Bormann, N. & M. Sheehan (2009) Securing Outer Space: International Relations Theory and the Politics of Space NIS [SOAS] Caldeira, T. (2000) City of Walls: Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in So Paulo, part 3 Duffy, C. (1996) Fire & Stone: The Science of Fortress Warfare, 1660-1860 Duffy, C. (1996) Siege Warfare: The Fortress in the Age of Vauban and Fredrick the Great, 1660-1789 Duvall, R. & Havecroft, J. (2008) Taking Sovereignty Out of this World: Space Weapons and Empire of the Future Review of International Studies Vol.34, No. 4, pp. 755-775. EJOURNAL Fahrmeir, A. (2001) Passports and the Status of Aliens in Geyer, M.H. and J. Paulmann, The Mechanics of Internationalism: Culture, Society and Politics from the 1840s to the First World War Hall, B.S. (1997) Weapons and Warfare in Renaissance Europe: Gunpowder, Technology and Tactics 22

Klein, J.J (2006) Space Warfare NIS [UCL] Low, S. (2004) Behind the Gates: Life, Security and the Pursuit of Happiness in Fortress America Netz, R. (2004) Barbed Wire: An Ecology of Modernity *Netz, R. Barbed Wire, London Review of Books, Vol. 22 No. 14 20 July 2000, pp. 30-35 Minton, A. (2009) Ground Control: Fear and Happiness in the 21st City Pepper, S. & N. Adams (1986) Firearms & Fortifications: Military Architecture and Siege Warfare in Sixteenth-century Siena *Segal, R. et al (2000) eds , A Civilian Occupation: The Politics of Israeli Architecture Sibey, D.(1995) Geographies of Exclusion Sparke, M. (2006) A Neoliberal Nexus: Economy, Security and the Biopolitics of Citizenship on the Border Political Geography, Vol.25, No. 2, pp.151 - 180 EJOURNAL Stein, M. L.. (2007) Guarding the Frontier: Ottoman Borders Forts and Garrisons in Europe Tanks, David R. National Missile Defense: Policy Issues and Technological Capabilities, Washington DC, IFPA: 2000, http://www.ifpa.org/publications/nmd_dwnload_main.htm Torpey, J. (2000) The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship and the State Waldron, A. (1991) The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth *Zureik, E. & M. Salter (2005) eds. Global Surveillance and Policing: Borders, Security, Identity. 9. Imagined Communities: Nationalism and Place 29 November 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What role does cuisine play in the definition of nationalism? 2. With reference to a specific country, critically assess the role of landscape in the creation of national identity. Compulsory Reading Anderson, B. (2006) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism, Revised edition, chapter 10 RRC 320.54 AND Smith. A.D. (1986) The Ethnic Origin of Nations, chapter 8 RRC 320.54 SMI Supplementary Reading Barth, F. ed. (1997) Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: the Social Organization of Culture Difference *Billig, M. (1995) Banal Nationalism *Breuilly, J. (1983) Nationalism and the State Buchanan, A.E. ed. (2003) States, Nations, and Borders: the Ethics of Making Boundaries *Cresswell, T. (2004) Place: A Short Introduction Cusack, I. (2000) African Cuisines: Recipes for Nation-Building?Journal of African Cultural Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2, December, pp. 207-225 EJOURNAL 23

Feldman, A. (1994) Formations of Violence: the Narrative of the Body and Political Terror in Northern Ireland Fenton, S. (2007) Ethnicity Guibernau, M. & J. Rex (1997) eds, The Ethnicity Reader Guy, K. M. (2001), Wine, Champagne and the Making of French Identity in the Belle Epoque, in P. Scholliers (ed.), Food, Drink and Identity: Cooking, Eating and Drinking in Europe Since the Middle Ages *Hobsbawm, E. J. & T.J. Ranger (1983) The Invention of Tradition Hooson, D. ed. (1994) Geography and National Identity *Kaufmann, E. & O. Zimmer (1998) In Search of the Authentic Nation: Landscape and National Identity in Canada and Switzerland Nations and Nationalism, Vol. 4, No.4, pp. 483-510. *Kaplan, D.H. & Hakli, H. (2002) Boundaries and Place: European Borderlands in Geographical Perspective. Leoussi, A & S.E. Grosby, eds (2007), Nationalism and Ethno-Symbolism Leoussi, A.(2001) Myths of Ancestry, Nations and Nationalism, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 467-486. EJOURNAL Massey, D. (1993) Power-Geometry and a Progressive Sense of Place in Bird, J et al. eds., Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change, pp. 5969. Massey, D. (1994) Space, Place and Gender, Part II. MacClancey, J. (2007) Expressing Identities in the Basque Arena Peluso, N. and P. Vandergeest (2011) Taking the Jungle out of the Forest: CounterInsurgency and the Making of National Natures in Peet, R et al, eds. Global Political Ecology Perera, N (1998) Society and Space: Colonialism, Nationalism and Postcolonial Identity in Sri Lanka Schama, S. (1995 ) Landscape and Memory Storey, J (2001) Territory: The Claiming of Space, especially chapter 5. Tolia-Kelly, D.P (2010) Landscape, Race and Memory: Material Ecologies of Citizenship, esp. chapter 4.

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10. The New Imperialism: Capitalism and Territory 5 December 2011 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. Is there a difference between hegemonic and imperial rule of territory? 2. In the passage from modern to postmodern and from imperialism and Empire there is progressively less distinction between inside and outside(Hardt & Negri, 2000). Do you agree with this spatio-temporal assessment of the world today? Compulsory Reading Harvey, D. (2003) The New Imperialism, chapter 2 RRC 973.93 HAR Hardt, M. and A. Negri (2000) Empire Sections 2.6 and 3.1 The Limits of Imperialism RRC 325.3209045 HAR Supplementary Reading Abernethy, D.B. (2000) The Dynamics of Global Dominance: European Overseas Empires 1415-1980 Agnew, J & S. Corbridge (1994) Mastering Space: Hegemony, Territory and International Political Economy *Agnew, J. (2005) Hegemony: the New Shape of Global Power Amin, S. (1989) Eurocentrism *Anievas, A. (2010) Marxism and World Politics: Contesting Global Capitalism Anderson, J (2005) Borders, Fixes and Empires: Territoriality in the New Imperialism available here: http://www.qub.ac.uk/researchcentres/CentreforInternationalBordersResearch/Publications/WorkingPapers/C IBRWorkingPapers/Filetoupload,226699,en.pdf Aronowitz, S. & G. Balakrishnan (eds), Debating Empire *Arrighi, G. (2010) The Long Twentieth Century: Money, Power and the Origins of Our Time, updated edition Blaut, J.M (1993) The Colonizers Model of the World: Geographical Diffusionism and Eurocentric History Boron, A. (2004) Empire and Imperialism: A Critical Reading of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri *Brewer, A. (1980) Marxist Theories of Imperialism: a Critical Survey Cols, A. & R. Saull (2006) The War on Terrorism and American Empire After the Cold War Cols, A. (2007) Empire, chapter 3 Cols, A. (2008) Open Doors and Closed Frontiers: The Limits of American Empire European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 619-43. EJOURNAL Ferro, M. (2002) Colonization Fiedhouse, D.K, (1982) The Colonial Empires, 2nd edition Godlewska, A & N. Smith eds. (1994) Geography and Empire Ikenberry, G. J. (2001) American Power and the Empire of Capitalist Democracy Review of International Studies Vol.27, No. 5, pp. 191-212. EJOURNAL Jessop, B. (2005) Gramsci as Spatial Theorist Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 8(4), 421437. JNIS [SH] *Kay, C. (1989) Latin American Theories of Development and Underdevelopment Lenin, V.I (1915) Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism 25

Luxemburg, R. (2003) The Accumulation of Capital Maier, C. S. (2006) Among Empires; Americas Ascendancy and Its Predecessors Mann, M. (2003) Incoherent Empire *Meiksins Wood, E. (2003) Empire of Capital Mommsen, W.J. and J. Osterhammel, eds. (1986) Imperialism and After: Continuities and Discontinuities Osterhammel, J. (1997) Colonialism *Panitch, L. & S. Gindin (2002) Gems and Baubles in Empire Historical Materialism, Volume 10, No.2, pp. 17-43. EJOURNAL Passavant, P.A. & J. Dean, eds. (2005) Empires New Clothes: Reading Hardt and Negri Rosenberg. J. (2009) Problems in the Theory of Uneven and Combined Development. Part I: Introduction, Cambridge Review of International Affairs Vol. 22, No. 1, March, pp.107-110. JNIS [SH] Rosenberg. J. (2010) Basic Problems in the Theory of Uneven and Combined Development. Part II: Unevenness and Political Multiplicity, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Vol.23, No. 1, 2010, 165-189. JNIS [SH] Sidaway, J. D. (2000) Postcolonial Geographies: an Exploratory Essay, Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 24, No.4, pp. 591612. EJOURNAL *Smith, N. (2006) The Geography of Uneven Development in Dunn, B. and H. Radice, eds. 100 Years of Permanent Revolution Smith, N. (2008) Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space 3rd edition. Van der Pijl, K. (2009) Nomads, Empires and States Vols. I & II Wallerstein, I. (1979) The Modern World-System (Vol I), *Wolf, E.R. (1996) Europe and the People Without History Young, C. (1994) The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective

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11. Tropicopolitans: Transnationalism, Internationalism and Postcolonialism 9 January 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What is the relationship between internationalism and postcolonialism? 2. With reference to a specific example, critically assess the role of diasporas in shaping the politics of their homeland. Compulsory Reading Young, R.C. (2001) Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction, Part III The Internationals RRC 325.3 YOU Gilroy, P. (1993) The Black Atlantic: Modernity and the Double Consciousness, chapter 1 The Black Atlantic as a Counterculture of Modernity RRC 305.896 GIL Supplementary Reading Anderson, B. (2007) Under Three Flags: Anarchism and the Anti-Colonial Imagination Anzalda, G. (1999) Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza Appadurai A. (1996), Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalisation Aravamudan, A. (1999) Tropicopolitans: Colonialism and Agency, 1688-1804. Cohen, R. & S. Vertovec, eds. (1999) Migration, Diasporas and Transantionalism *Cohen, R. (1997) Global Diasporas: An Introduction Ethnic and Racial Studies (1999) Special Issue Transnationalism and Migration Vol. 22, No.2, 217-436. EJOURNAL *Halliday, F. (1999) Revolutions in World Politics: The Rise and Fall of the Sixth Great Power, Part II. Harvey, D. (2000) Spaces of Hope Harvey, D. (2009) Cosmopolitanism and the Geographies of Freedom *Howe, S. 91998) Afrocentrism: Mythical Pasts and Imagined Homes Jabar, F. A. ed. (2002) Ayatollahs, Sufis and Ideologues: State, Religion and Social Movements Kearney, M. (1995) The Global and the Local: The Anthropology of Globalization and Trasnationalism Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 24, pp. 547-565. EJOURNAL Klotz, A. (2002) Transnational Activism and Global Transformations: The Antiapartheid and Abolitionist Experiences European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 8, No.1, pp.49-76. Koser, K. (2003) New African Diasporas *Macey, D. (2000) Frantz Fanon: A Life Malkki, L. (1994) Citizens of Humanity: Internationalism and the Imagined Community of Nations Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Volume 3, Number 1, Spring, pp. 41-68. EJOURNAL Mandaville, P.G. (1999) Territory and Translocality: Discrepant Idioms of Political Identity Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol. 28, No.3, pp. 653673. *Mandaville, P.G. (2004) Transnational Muslim Politics Ogborn, M. (2008) Global Lives: Britain and the world, 1550-1800 27

*Pinto, P. G (2007) Pilgrimage, Commodities, and Religious Objectification: The Making of Transnational Shiism between Iran and Syria Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, Vol. 27, No.1., pp. 109-125. EJOURNAL Rediker, M. and P. Linebaugh (2000) The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves and Commoners and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic Risse-Kappen, T. (1995), Bringing Transnational Relations Back In: Non-State Actors, Domestic Structures and International Institutions Sheffer, G. (2006) Transnationalism and Ethnonational Diasporism Diaspora: Journal of Transnational Studies, Vol. 15, No.1, pp. 121-145. EJOURNAL Thornton, J.K. (1998) Africa and the Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800 *Vertovec, S. (2009) Transnationalism 12. Geopolitics: The Value of Territory 16 January 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. Is geopolitics still relevant in an age of globalisation? 2. What is critical geopolitics critical of? Compulsory Reading Dalby, S. (2010) Recontextualising Violence, Power and Nature: The Next Twenty Years of Critical Geopolitics? Political Geography, Vol. 29, No.5, pp. 280288. EJOURNAL Gray, C.S. (2004) In Defence of the Heartland: Sir Halford Mackinder and His Critics a Hundred Years On Comparative Strategy, Vol. 23, No.1, pp. 9-25. EJOURNAL Supplementary Reading Agnew, J. & Tuahtail, G. (1992) Geopolitics and Discourse: Practical Geopolitical Reasoning in American Foreign Policy Political Geography Vol.11, No.2, pp. 190204. EJOURNAL Agnew, J. (2003). Geopolitics: Revisioning World Politics Barnett, T. P. M. (2004) The Pentagons New Map: War and Peace in the Twentyfirst Century Bassin, M. & K.E. Aksenov, Mackinder and the Heartland Theory in Post-Soviet Geopolitical Discourse Geopolitics Vol. 11, No.1, 2006, pp. 99-118. JNIS [SH] Bassin, M. (1996) Nature, Geopolitics and Marxism: Ecological Contestations in Weimar Germany, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 21, No.2, pp.315-341. EJOURNAL *Blouet, B. W. (2001) Geopolitics and Globalization in the Twentieth Century *Brzezinski, Z. (1997) The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and its Geostrategic *Campbell, D. (1998) Writing Security: US Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity Cols, A. & G. Pozo-Martin (2011) The Value of Territory: Towards a Marxist 28

Geopolitics Geopolitics, Vol. 16, No.1 JNIS [SH] Dalby, S. (2008) Geopolitics, the Revolution in Military Affairs, and the Bush Doctrine available here: http://http-server.carleton.ca/~sdalby/publications/YCISSWP49DalbyMay2008.pdf. Dalby, S. (2008) Warrior Geopolitics: Gladiator, Black Hawk Down and the Kingdom of Heaven Political Geography, Vol. 27, No.4, pp. 439-455. Dodds, K. Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction *Kearns, G. (2010) Geopolitics and Empire: The Legacy of Halford Mackinder. Lo, B. (2008) The Axis of Convenience: Moscow, Beijing and the New Geopolitics Mackinder, H. J. (1904) The Geographical Pivot of History The Geographical Journal Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 421-437. EJOURNAL Mahan, A. T. (1890) The Influence of Seapower on History Murphy, D.T (1997) The Heroic Earth: Geopolitical Thought in Weimar Germany 1918-193. Tuahtail, G. (1992) The Critical Geopolitics Reader * Tuathail, G. (1996) Critical Geopolitics: The Politics of Writing Global Spaces. Paasi, A. (2000) Rethinking Geopolitics Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Vol.18, No.3, 282284. EJOURNAL Paul, D.E, (2007) The Siren-Song of Geopolitics: Towards a Gramscian Account of the Iraq War Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol. 36, No.1, 2007, pp. 51-76. JNIS [SH] Pozo-Martin, G. (2007)Autonomous or Materialist Geopolitics, Cambridge Review of International Relations, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 55163. JNIS [SH] Schmitt, C. (1999) Nomos of the Earth Sidaway, J. D. & Power, M. (2005) The Tears of Portugal: Empire, Identity, Race and Destiny in Portuguese Geopolitical Narratives Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Vol. 23, No.4, pp. 527554. EJOURNAL *Smith, N. (2003) American Empire: Roosevelts Geographer and the Prelude to Globalization Spykman, N. (1942) Americas Strategy in World Politics Trenin, D. (2002) The End of Eurasia: Russia on the Border between Geopolitics and Globalization *Wittfogel, K. (1985) Geopolitics, Geographical Materialism and Marxism (trans., G.L.Ulmen) Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.2172. EJOURNAL

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13. Neo-Liberalism and the Global City 23 January 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. What is distinctive about the world or global city? 2. With reference to a specific example, analyses the ways in which financial services have shaped the structure of global cities. Compulsory Reading Peck, J, N. Theodore, J & N. Brenner, (2009) Neoliberal Urbanism: Models, Moments, Mutations, SAIS Review, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 49-66. Available here: http://as.nyu.edu/object/neilbrenner.html Allan, J. (2010) Changing Landscapes of Power: The City and Finance in Coe, N. and A. Jones, eds. The Economic Geography of the UK RRC 330.941 ECO Friedmann, J. (2006) The World City Hypothesis in Brenner, N. & Keil, R. The Global Cities Reader RRC 307.76 GLO Supplementary Reading Beaverstock, J. V. (2005) Transnational Elites in the City: British Highly-skilled Inter-company transferees in New York City's Financial District, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Vol. 31, No.2, pp. 245-268. EJOURNAL *Brenner, N. & Keil, R. (2006) The Global Cities Reader Brenner, N. & N. Theodore (2002) Cities and the Geographies of actually existing neoliberalism Antipode, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp.349-379. EJOURNAL Brenner, N. & N. Theodore (2002) Spaces of Neoliberalism: Urban Restructuring in North America and Western Europe. Brenner, N. (2004) New State Spaces: Urban Governance and the Rescaling of Statehood. Burdett, R. et al. (2011) Living in the Endless City Castree, N. (2006) From Neoliberalism to Neoliberalisation: Consolations, Confusions, and Necessary illusions, Environment and Planning A, Vol. 38, No.1, pp. 1-6. EJOURNAL Corporation of London (2003) Financial Services Clustering and its significance for London, London: The Corporation of London [available at: www.cityoflondon.gov.uk] Curtis, S. (2010) Global Cities and the Transformation of the International System, Review of International Studies, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp.25. EJOURNAL DTI (2001) Business Clusters in the UK: A First Assessment, London, DTI *Frobel, H. et al. eds (1980) The New International Division of Labour Godfrey, B.J. & Y. Zhou (1999) Ranking World Cities: Multinational Corporations and the Global Urban Hierarchy Urban Geography, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 268281. EJOURNAL *Hamnett C. (1995) Controlling Spaces: Global Cities in Allen, J. & Hamnett, C. eds A Shrinking World Harvey, D (2008) The Right to the City New Left Review Vol.53, pp. 23-40 Harvey, D. (2005) A Brief History of Neoliberalism Jacobs, J.M.(1996) Edge of Empire: Postcolonialism and the City *Knox, P. L (2002) World cities and the Organisation of Global Space in Johnston, R. J et al., eds. Geographies of Global Change, 2nd edition.

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Massey, D. (2007) World City Merrifield, A (2007) Metromarxism Peck, J. (2004) Geography and Public Policy: Constructions of Neoliberalism, Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 28, No.3, pp. 392-405. Peck, J. (2008) Remaking Laissez-faire, Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 32, No.1, pp. 3-43. EJOURNAL *Sassen, S. (1991) The Global City Smith, N. (2002) New Globalism, New Urbanism: Gentrification as Global Urban Strategy, Antipode Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 427-450. EJOURNAL *Smith, N. (2002) The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist Frontier Storper, M. (1997) The Regional World: Territorial Development in a Global Economy *Taylor P. J. (2000) World Cities and Territorial States Under Conditions of Contemporary Globalization, Political Geography Vol.19, Mo.1, pp. 5-32. EJOURNAL Thrift, N. (1994) On the Social and Cultural Determinants of International Financial Centers: The Case of the City of London in Corbridge, S. et al., eds Money, Power and Space *Zukin, S. (2006) The City as a Landscape of Power: London and New York City as Global Financial Centers Brenner, N. & Keil, R. The Global Cities Reader Audiovisual Materials: London and Robinson in Space (Patrick Keiller, 1994 and 1997) 14. A Tale of Three Cities: Detroit, Bilbao, Dubai 30 January 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. In what ways, and to what extent is Dubai today built on the apotheosis of the neoliberal values of contemporary capitalism (Davis, 2006)? 2. With reference to a specific city, critically assess Harveys claim that entrepreneurialism dominates urban governance today. Compulsory Reading Davis, M. (2006) Fear and Money in Dubai New Left Review, No. 41, SeptemberOctober. EJOURNAL Zulaika, J. (2001) Tough Beauty: Bilbao as Ruin, Architecture and Allegory in Resina, J.R. ed., Iberian Cities. Available here: http://basque.unr.edu/people/facultyandstaff/zulaika/jztough.pdf. Supplementary Reading Davidson, C.M (2008) Dubai: the Vulnerability of Success Davis, M. & D.B. Monk (2008) Evil Paradises: Dreamworlds of Neoliberalism Elsheshtawy, Y. (2010) Dubai: Behind An Urban Spectacle Elsheshtawy, Y (2008), Transitory ites: mapping Dubais Forgotten Urban Spaces International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vole. 32, No.4. EJOURNAL 31

*Hanieh, A. (2010) 'Khaleeji-Capital: Class-Formation and Regional Integration in the Middle-East Gulf Historical Materialism, Vol. 18, No.2, pp. 35-76. *Haines,C. (2011) Cracks in the Faade: Landscapes of Hope and Desire in Dubai in Roy, A. et al. eds, Worlding Cities: Asian Experiments and the Art of Being Global *Harvey, D. (1989) From Managerialism to Entrepreneurialism: The Transformation in Urban Governance in Late Capitalism Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, Vol. 71, No.1, pp. 3-17. Available here: http://www.fcp.uncu.edu.ar/upload/harvey1989-from-managment-toempresaurialism.pdf. Hill, R.C. & Feagin, J.R. (2006) Detroit and Houston: Two Cities in Global Perspective in Brenner, N. & Keil, R. ed., The Global Cities Reader Pacione, M. (2005), City Profiles; Dubai Cities, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 183-274. EJOURNAL *Sugrue, T.J. (2005) Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit Syed, A. (2010) Dubai: Gilded Cage Widick, B.J. (1989) Detroit: City of Class and Race Violence *Zukin, S. (1993) Landscapes of Power: From Detroit to Disney World, chapter 5. Zulaika, J. (2000) 'Miracle in Bilbao': Basques in the Casino of Globalism In Douglass, W. et al. eds., Basque Cultural Studies. Available here: http://basque.unr.edu/people/facultyandstaff/zulaika/jzmiracle.pdf Audiovisual Materials: Requiem For Detroit (Julian Temple, 2009); Marchand, Y & R. Meffre (2011) Ruins of Detroit http://www.marchandmeffre.com/detroit/ 14. Extraterritoriality: Offshore and the Camp 6 February 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. Is Guantnamo Bay in Cuba a recolonial space? 2. What., if anything, do tax havens and Guantnamo Bay have in common? Compulsory Reading Piccioto, S. (1999) Offshore: The State as a Legal Fiction in Hampton, M.P. & J. P. Abbott eds Offshore Finance Centres and Tax Havens: The Rise of Global Capital , pp. 43-79.available here: http://www.lancs.ac.uk/fass/law/intlaw/ibuslaw/docs/offshore.pdf. Reid-Henry, S. (2007) Exceptional Sovereignty? Guantnamo Bay and the ReColonial Present Antipode, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 627-48. EJOURNAL Supplementary Reading Agamben, (2005) State of Exception Aradau, C. (2007) Law Transformed: Guantanamo and the Other Exception, Third World Quarterly, Vo. 28, No. 3, pp. 489501. EJOURNAL *Aradau, C. and R. van Munster, R. (2009) Exceptionalism and the War on Terror: Criminology Meets International Relations British Journal of Criminology, 32

Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 686701. EJOURNAL Beaverstock, J. V. et al.. (1999) The Long Arm of the Law: the Globalization of London's law firms Environment and Planning A, Vol. 31, No. 10, pp. 18571876. EJOURNAL *Cameron, A. & R. Palan (2003) The Imagined Economies of Globalisation Brittain-Catlin, W. (2005) Offshore: the Dark Side of the Global Economy *Diken, B. et al. (2005) eds, The Culture of Exception: Sociology Facing the Camp Farrell D (2006) Smarter Offshoring Harvard Business Review Vol. 84, No. 6, pp. 84-92. EJOURNAL Feakins, M (2007) Off and Out: the Spaces for Certification - Offshore Outsourcing in St Petersburg, Russia Environment and Planning A, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp.1889-1907. EJOURNAL Fleur Johns, (2005) Guantnamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception, European Journal of International Law Vol.16, No.4, pp. 613-35: 614. EJOURNAL Hampton, M.P. & J. P. Abbott eds. Offshore Finance Centres and Tax Havens: The Rise of Global Capital *Hernndez Lpez, E. (2010) Guantanamo as a Legal Black Hole: A Base for Expanding Space, Markets, and Culture University of San Francisco Law Review, Vol. 45, pp. 141-214. Available here: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1805393 *Hudson, A. (2000) Offshoreness, globalisation and Sovereignty: Post-modern Geopolitical Economy?, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp.269-283. Palan, R. et al. (2010) Tax Havens: How the Globalization Really Works Kaplan A (2005) Where is Guantnamo? American Quarterly Vol.57, No.3, pp.831858. EJOURNAL *Reid, J. (2005), The Biopolitics of the War on Terror, Third World Quarterly Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 237-52. EJOURNAL Salzinger, L. (1997) From High Heels to Swathed Bodies: Gendered Meanings Under Production in Mexicos Export Processing Industry, Feminist Studies, Vol. 23, No.3, pp. 549-574. EJOURNAL Salzinger, L. (2000) Manufacturing Sexual Subjects: Harassment, Desire and Discipline on a Maquiladora Shop Floor Ethnography, Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 6792. Schrank A. (2001) Export Processing Zones: Free Market Islands or Bridges to Structural Transformation? Development Policy Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 223-242. *Veracini, L. (2005) Colonialism Brought Home: On the Colonization of the Metropolitan Space Borderlands e-journal Vol. 4, No.1. Available here: http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol4no1_2005/veracini_colonialism.htm Vulliamy, E (2010) Amexica: War Along the Borderline Wright, M. W. (2004) From Protests to Politics: Sex Work, Womens Worth, and Ciudad Juarez Modernity, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 94, No. 2, pp. 369-386.

15. WORKSHOP WEEK: 13 FEBRUARY NO CLASSES

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16. READING WEEK: 20 FEBRUARY NO CLASSES

17. Resource Wars in the New Frontiers: Energy, Food and Water 27 February 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. In what ways is the contemporary scramble for resources in Africa comparable to that of the late nineteenth century? 2. In what ways, if at all, is our global carbon economy changing our global political geography? Compulsory Reading Campbell, D. The Bipolitics of Security: Oil, Empire and Sports Utility Vehicle, American Quarterly, Vol. 57, No.3, 2005, pp. 943-72. EJOURNAL Dodds K (2010) Flag Planting and Finger Pointing: The Law of the Sea, the Arctic and the Political Geographies of the Outer Continental Shelf Political Geography, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 63-73. EJOURNAL Supplementary Reading Alden, C. (2009) China in Africa Ambler-Edwards, S. et al (2009) Food Futures: Rethinking UK Strategy Bradshaw, M. J. (2009) The Geopolitics of Global Energy Security Geography Compass, Vol. 3, No.5, pp. 19201937. *Bradshaw, M. J. (2010) Global Energy Dilemmas: A Geographical Perspective, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 176, No. 4, pp. 275-290. EJOURNAL Bradshaw, M.J. (2006) Observations on the Geographical Dimensions of Russia's Resource Abundance, Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47, 724-746. JNIS [SH/SOAS]. *Brautigam, D. (2011) The Dragon's Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa Conway, G. (1997) The Doubly Green Revolution: Food for All in the Twenty-first Century Cribb, J. (2010) The Coming Famine: The Global Food Crisis and What We Can Do to Avoid It DEFRA (2010) UK Food Security Assessment: Detailed Analysis http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/food/pdf/foodassess100105.pdfSustainable Development Commission (2009) Food Security and Sustainability: The Perfect Fit http://www.sdcommission.org.uk/publications/downloads/SDCFoodSecurityPositionPaper.p df Dorward, A. and Poulton, C. (2008) The Global Fertilizer Crisis and Africa. Briefing paper, Future Agricultures Consortium. Available at http://www.futureagricultures.org. Evans, A. (2009) The Feeding of the Nine Billion: Global Food Security for the 21st Century, London: Chatham House Publications. Available online at http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/publications/papers/view/-/id/694/ *Ferdinand, P. (2007) Russia and China: Converging Responses to Globalisation, 34

International Affairs, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 655-80. EJOURNAL Food and Agriculture Organization (2010) The State of Food Insecurity in the World http://www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/ *Gautier, C. (2008) Oil, Water and Climate: An Introduction Government and Opposition (2005) Resources and Security, Special Issue, Vol.40, No.2 http://www.chathamhouse.org/publications/papers/view/108958 Hinde, S. & J. Dixon (2005) Changing the Obesogenic Environment: Insights from a Cultural Economy of Car Reliance Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment Vol. 10, No.1, pp. 31-53. EJOURNAL *Kandiyoti, R. Pipelines: Flowing Oil and Crude Politics Klare, M.T. (2002) Resource Wars: The New Landscape of Global Conflict Kynge, J. (2006) China Shakes the World: The Rise of a Hungry Nation Le Billon, P.(2001) The Political Ecology of War: Natural Resources and Armed Conflict, Political Geography, Vol.20, No.5. EJOURNAL Lutz, C. & A. Lutz-Fernandez (2008) Carjacked: the Culture of the Automobile and Its Effect on Lives Lo, B, (2008) The Axis of Convenience: Moscow, Beijing and the New Geopolitics,. Matondi, P.B. (2011) ed. Biofuels, Land Grabbing and Food Security in Africa McDonald, B.L. (2010) Food Security Pfeiffer, D.A. (2006) Eating Fossil Fuels: Oil, Food and the Coming Crisis in Agriculture *Powell, R.C. (2010) Lines of Possession?: The Anxious Constitution of a Polar Geopolitics Political Geography, Vole. 29, No. 2, pp. 74-77 Robert, I & P. Edwards (2010) Energy Glut: Climate Change and the Politics of Fatness Ross, R.S. and F. Zhu eds (2008) China's Ascent: Power, Security, and the Future of International Politics *Special Issue (2006) Conflict and Cooperation Over International Rivers Political Geography, Vol. 25. Thomas, S. (20110 Hydropolitics: An Introduction Williams, P. and A. Tekin, (2008) The Iraq War, Turkey, and Renewed Caspian Energy Prospects, The Middle East Journal, Vol. 62, No.3 JNIS [SH/SOAS]. World Economic Forum (2006), The New Energy Security Paradigm http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Energy.pdf. Yetiv, S. and Lu, C. (2007) China, Global Energy, and the Middle East The Middle East Journal, Vol. 61, No.2 JNIS [SH/SOAS].

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18. Technologies of Occupation 5 March 2012 Essay and Seminar Questions 1. How does biopolitics transform the control of occupied space? 2. Compare and contrast the technologies of occupation deployed by the USA in Iraq with those used by France in Algeria OR Great Britain in Malaya. Compulsory Reading Gregory, D. (2008) The Biopolitics of Baghdad available here: http://web.mac.com/derekgregory/iWeb/Site/The%20biopolitics%20of %20Baghdad.html. Braverman, I. (2011) Civilized Borders: A Study of Israels New Crossing Administration Antipode Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 264295. EJOURNAL Supplementary Reading Adey, P. (2010) Vertical Security in the Megacity: Legibility, Mobility and Aerial Politics Theory, Culture & Society, Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 51-67. *Adey, P. (2010), Aerial Life: Space, Mobilities, Affects Chandrasekaran, R. (2006) Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraqs Green Zone Day G. & Freeman, C. (2003) Policekeeping is the Key: Rebuilding the Internal Security Architecture of Postwar Iraq International Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 2, March, pp. 299-313. EJOURNAL Duffield, m. (21020) Risk-management and the Fortified Aid Compound: Everyday Life in Post-Interventionary Society Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, Vol. 4, No.4, pp. 453-474. Dodge, T. (2010) The Ideological Roots of Failure: the Application of Kinetic NeoLiberalism to Iraq International Affairs, Vol. 86, No. 6, pp. 1269-1286. *Giustozzi, A. (2008) Koran, Kalashnikov and Laptop: the Neo-Taliban Insurgency in Afghanistan Gordon, N. (2008) Israels Occupation Graham, S. (2004) Vertical Geopolitics: Baghdad and After Antipode Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 12-23. Graham, S. (2010) Cities Under Siege: the New Urban Militarism *Gregory, D. (2004) The Colonial Present: Afghanistan, Palestine, Iraq *Hashim, A. S. (2006) Insurgency and Counter-Insurgency in Iraq *Hills, A. (2009) Policing Post-Conflict Cities, chapter 7. Merom, G. (2003) How Democracies Lose Small Wars: State, Society, and the Failures of France in Algeria, Israel in Lebanon, and the United States in Vietnam Ophir, A. et al eds. (2009) The Power of Inclusive Exclusion: Anatomy of Israeli Rule in the Occupied Palestinian Territories *Reid, J. (2006) The Biopolitics of the War on Terror: Life Struggles, Liberal Modernity, and the Defence of Logistical Societies *Ron, J. (2003) Frontiers and Ghettoes: State Violence in Serbia and Israel Salter, M. (2003) Rights of Passage: the Passport in International Relations, chapter 6 Stubbs, G. (1989) Hearts and Minds in Guerrilla Warfare: The Malayan Emergency 1948-1960. 36

*Weizman, R. (2007) Hollow Land: Israels Architecture of Occupation *Zureik, E. (2001), Constructing Palestine through Surveillance Practices British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 8, No.2, pp.205-208. EJOURNAL 18. Revision Class: 12 March 2012

Annex: Birkbeck Plagiarism Guidelines

Written by Birkbeck Registry and adapted for TSMB by Nicholas Keep What is plagiarism? Plagiarism is the most common form of examination offence encountered in universities, partly because of the emphasis now placed on work prepared by candidates unsupervised in their own time, but also because many students fall into it unintentionally, through ignorance of what constitutes plagiarism. Even if unintentional, it will still be considered an examination offence. This document, developed as guidelines to departments by Birkbeck Registry, is intended to explain clearly what plagiarism is, and how you can avoid it. Acknowledgement is made to guidance issued by the USA Modern Language Association (MLA, 1998). Plagiarism is the publication of borrowed thoughts as original, or in other words, passing off someone elses work as your own. In any form, plagiarism is unacceptable in the School, as it interferes with the proper assessment of students academic ability. Plagiarism has been defined as the false assumption of authorship: the wrongful act of taking the product of another persons mind, and presenting it as ones own (Lindey, 1952, p2). Therefore, using another persons ideas or expressions or data in your writing without acknowledging the source is to plagiarise. Borrowing others words, ideas or data without acknowledgement. It is acceptable, in your work, to use the words and thoughts of another person or data that another person has gathered but the borrowed material must not appear to be your creation. This includes essays, practical and research reports written by other students including those from previous years, whether you have their permission or not. It also applies to both hard-copy material and electronic material, such as Internet documents. Examples include copying someone elses form of words, or paraphrasing anothers argument, presenting someone elses data or line of thinking. This form of plagiarism may often be unintentional, caused by making notes from sources such as books or journals without also noting the source, and then repeating those notes in an essay without acknowledging that they are the data, words or ideas belonging to someone else. Guard against this by keeping careful notes that distinguish between your own ideas and researched material and those you obtained from others. Then acknowledge the source. Example 1 Original source: 37

To work as part of a team, to be able and prepared to continue to learn throughout ones career, and, most important, to take on board both care for the individual and the community, are essential aspects of a doctors role today. Greengross, Sally (1997), What Patients want from their Doctors, Choosing Tomorrows Doctors, ed. Allen I, Brown PJ, Hughes P, Policy Studies Institute, London. Plagiarism: The essential aspects of a doctors role today are to work as part of a team, be able and prepared to continue to learn throughout ones career, and, most importantly, to take on board both care for the individual and the community. Acceptable: One social writer believes that the essential aspects of a doctors role today are to work as part of a team, be able and prepared to continue to learn throughout ones career, and, most importantly, to take on board both care for the individual and the community (Greengross, 1997). Example 2 Original source: The binary shape of British higher education, until 1992, suggested a simple and misleading, dichotomy of institutions. [] Within their respective classes, universities and polytechnics were imagined to be essentially homogeneous. Their actual diversity was disguised. [.] The abandonment of the binary system, whether or not it encourages future convergence, highlights the pluralism which already exists in British Higher Education. Scott, Peter (1995), The Meanings of Mass Higher Education, SRHE and Open University Press, Buckingham, p43. Plagiarism: Prior to the removal of the binary divide between polytechnics and universities in 1992, there was a misleading appearance of homogeneity in each sector. Now there is only one sector, the diversity of institutions is more apparent, even if convergence may be where were heading. Acceptable: Peter Scott has argued that prior to the removal of the binary divide between polytechnics and universities in 1992, there was a misleading appearance of homogeneity in each sector. Now there is only one sector, the diversity of institutions is more apparent, even if convergence may be where were heading. (Scott, 1994)

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In each revision, the inclusion of the authors name acknowledges whose ideas these originally were (not the students) and the reference refers the reader to the full location of the work when combined with a footnote or bibliography. Note that in the second example, the argument was paraphrased but even so, this is plagiarism of the idea without acknowledgement of whose idea this really is. In writing any work, therefore (whether for assessment or not) you should document everything that you borrow not only direct quotations and paraphrases but also information and ideas. There are, of course, some common-sense exceptions to this, such as familiar proverbs, well-known quotations or common knowledge. But you must indicate the source of any appropriated material that readers might otherwise mistake for your own. If in doubt, cite your source or sources. Copying material verbatim Another example of plagiarism is the verbatim copying of chunks of material from another source without acknowledgement even where they are accepted facts, because you are still borrowing the phrasing and the order and the idea that this is a correct and complete list. Also, you might be infringing copyright (see below). For example if you wrote based on example 2 above The binary shape of British higher education, until 1992, suggested a simple and misleading, dichotomy of institutions. (Scott, 1995) then this still could be regarded as plagiarism as you used his exact words. It is important to rephrase the ideas in your own words, to show that you understand them while still acknowledging the source. Re-submission of work Another form of plagiarism is submitting work you previously submitted before for another assignment. While this is obviously not the same as representing someone elses ideas as your own, it is a form of self-plagiarism and is another form of cheating. If you want to re-work a paper for an assignment, ask your lecture whether this is acceptable, and acknowledge your re-working in a preface. Collaboration and collusion In collaborative work (if this is permitted by the lecturer) joint participation in research and writing does not constitute plagiarism in itself, provided that credit is given for all contributions. One way would be to state in a preface who did what; another, if roles and contributions were merged and truly shared, would be to acknowledge all concerned equally. However, where collaborative projects are allowed, it is usually a requirement that each individuals contribution and work is distinguishable, so check with your lecturer. Usually, collusion with another candidate on assessed work (such as sharing chunks of writing or copying bits from each other) is not allowed. Copyright infringement Finally, you must guard against copyright infringement. Even if you acknowledge the source, reproducing a significant portion of any document (including material on the Internet) without permission is a breach of copyright, and a legal offence. You may summarise, paraphrase and make brief quotations (as I have done from my sources), but more than this risks infringing copyright. References

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Modern Language Association (1998) Guide for Writers of Research Papers (4th edition), MLA, New York Lindey, A. (1952) Plagiarism and Originality. Harper, New York.

Annex: Marking Scheme

Course essays, examination scripts and dissertations are assessed using the following criteria (not in order of importance): Answering the question: the extent to which the work has dealt directly and clearly with the assigned task and provided a focused answer to the particular intellectual problem posed. Structure: the extent to which the work demonstrates coherent organization of the material and an overall argument that proceeds logically from introduction to conclusion. Conceptual clarity: the extent to which the work has understood key terms and concepts, defined ambiguous terms, and employed them correctly. Analytic Content: the extent to which the work provides a critical analysis of the problem that evaluates competing arguments and interpretations rather than a purely descriptive or narrative discussion. Literature: the extent to which the work demonstrates familiarity with, and command of, the relevant scholarly writings on the subject to which the work is addressed. Evidence and Examples: the extent to which the work deploys apposite examples and pieces of evidence to support its claims, thereby turning unsupported assertions into critical arguments Style and Presentation: the extent to which the work makes effective and correct use of the English language, is clearly and soberly written, and tidily presented.

While there is no set order of priority among these criteria, the main emphasis is on evidence of understanding and the ability to think, to argue a case or to solve problems. These criteria are used to categorise submissions into the following classes (note that the narratives below are guidelines). Essays written for courses or during examinations are marked according to the following schema: 0-29: Very poor work, which does not address the question and shows little or no knowledge of the subject, and fails to deal with any of the issues. 30-39: Poor work, says something relevant to the question, but does not show much evidence of reading or an ability to develop a clear argument. 40-49: Inadequate work, which shows some knowledge of the literature and addresses the question, but lacks organisation. 50-59: Satisfactory work, which shows an awareness of the major issues, shows knowledge of the sources and of alternative approaches to the subject. Work which reaches the Pass standard, but does not show a clear understanding of alternative arguments and makes uncritical use of sources. 60-69: Good work, which treats the issues in a critical and balanced way, and shows an awareness of context, sources and different explanations.

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70-100: Work deserving a distinction mark, which displays exceptional knowledge of the literature and/or a substantial measure of originality.

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Annex: Useful Links

Department of Politics http://www.bbk.ac.uk/politics Blackboard: http://www.ble.ac.uk Regulations, procedures and codes of practice: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/reg/regs Regulations for Taught Programmes of Study 2010/11: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/casregs.pdf Mitigating Circumstances Policy, Procedure and Guidance: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/mitcircspol.pdf Break-in-Study Policy: http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/bis.doc College Policy on Plagiarism and other Assessment Offences http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/assmtoff.pdf Disability and dyslexia support http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/facilities/disability

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Annex: Contact List

Academic staff Faith Armitage Samantha Ashenden Edwin Bacon Colleen Bell Antoine Bousquet Rosie Campbell Alejandro Cols Diana Coole Dionyssis Dimitrakopoulos Jason Edwards Dermot Hodson Eric Kaufmann Joni Lovenduski Deborah Mabbett Rob Singh David Styan Simon Susen Matthijs van den Bos Sami Zubaida Barbara Zollner Administrative staff Irene Breckon Nina Dartford Jane Halstead James Harding Christopher Leigh Naomi Taylor Other useful numbers Department Fax College Switchboard Registry College Library Students Union Student Financial Support Disability Office ITS Reception

020 7631 6784 020 7631 6781 020 7631 6388 020 7631 6664 020 3073 8215 020 76316785 020 7631 6382 020 7631 6782 020 7631 6786 020 7631 6783 020 7631 6641 020 7631 6791 020 7323 4673 020 7631 6789 020 7631 6790 020 7631 6616 020 7631 6787 020 3073 8356 n/a 020 7679 1042 020 7079 0755 020 7631 6780 020 3073 8092 020 7631 6789 020 7631 6780 020 7631 6780 020 7631 6787 020 7631 6000 020 7631 6390/6309 020 7631 6239 020 7631 6335 020 7631 6362 020 7631 6336 020 7631 6543

f.armitage@bbk.ac.uk s.ashenden@bbk.ac.uk e.bacon@bbk.ac.uk colleen.bell@bbk.ac.uk a.bousquet@bbk.ac.uk r.campbell@bbk.ac.uk a.cols@bbk.ac.uk d.coole@bbk.ac.uk d.dimitrakopoulos@bbk.ac.uk j.edwards@bbk.ac.uk d.hodson@bbk.ac.uk e.kaufmann@bbk.ac.uk j.lovenduski@bbk.ac.uk d.mabbett@bbk.ac.uk r.singh@bbk.ac.uk d.styan@bbk.ac.uk s.susen@bbk.ac.uk m.van-den-bos@bbk.ac.uk s.zubaida@bbk.ac.uk b.zollner@bbk.ac.uk i.breckon@bbk.ac.uk n.dartford@bbk.ac.uk j.halstead@bbk.ac.uk js.harding@bbk.ac.uk c.leigh@bbk.ac.uk n.taylor@bbk.ac.uk

Telephone numbers are liable to change from time to time please phone the Department Office (020 7631 6780/6789) or the Birkbeck Switchboard (020 7631 6000) in case of difficulties.

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