INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES:

1. To address the issues related to remediation of polluted sites and reduce levels of mortality &morbidity caused by pollution in local communities 2. To strengthen local government and community capacity to initiate and undertake successful remediation efforts 3. To make people of the locality aware of the harmul effects of pollution on their lives. 4.Providing solutions for arranging for the quick disposal of wastes dumped near the ponds.

PRESENT CONDITION

The disposal of solid wastes has become a serious problem in the indian cities.the contributory factors are the rising population,change in nature of wastes and absence of scientific methods of disposal of waste.even today we follow the system of open landfills.most of the landfills in the major cities like delhi,mumbai,kolkata are over and the search for new ones is going on. in the absence of landfills the solid wastes are dumped near ponds, lakes, railyards etc. quite a major proportion of the wastes is composed of non-biodegradable materials. Also the wastes from markets and industries, hospitals,construction sites are dumped at one place .ultimately these wastes pose serious health hazards to the waste pickers and the population living around them. In Calcutta these dumpings are more than often made near the ponds and this study highlights their ill effects.The study is done with a hope that in the future scientific methods of disposal of wastes will be chalked out and executed with the consent of the local population and waste pickers will have a better place to live and earn their livelihood.

Some words on the topic : All types of industries; whether big or small generate hazardous wastes. But there are some companies which try to get rid of their dangerous waste by simply dumping it illegally. All for saving money at the cost of the environment. Its a threat to our rivers, lakes, air, land, oceans and ultimately to our health, environment and our future. The practice of discarding solid wastes into rivers is highly hazardous to the environment. It has a severe adverse impact on the quality of water. When disposed of improperly; it contaminates ground and surface water supplies. As a result, it contaminates drinking water which in turn affects public health as well as aquatic life. Quite often our beautiful rivers become the victim of poisonous waste being thrown into them. A large number of fishes have been killed because of the polluted water in rivers. Such unfair actions not only pollute the environment but also pose serious health hazards. Breast cancer, prostate cancer and childhood brain disorders are increasing at an alarming rate and the increasing rates of contamination and pollution have only furthered these health problems. There is also a rise in certain maladies like autism and learning disabilities. The places where waste is illegally dumped are often freely accessible to people--even children for whom it is not safe in coming in contact with hazardous wastes. Improper disposal of hazardous waste have deadly effects on nearby plants, animals and people. Its a critical issue that needs to be tackled on an immediate basis. Various companies are even fined for not disposing of their hazardous waste properly but that hasnt really helped solve the problem. Some truant companies would rather pay the fine than use the services of industrial cleaning services provider to safely dispose off their hazardous wastes.It goes the same for irresopnsible citizens and small scale factory owners. Unfortunately, the problem of illegal dumping is exceptionally large and extremely complex; that it would take tremendous effort, time and money to combat it.

It can be handled by making companies,irresponsible manufacturers ,citizens sensitive to the environment and encouraging them to use the services of companies which help in disposing of environmental hazardous waste and provide cleaning services. The cost of disposal services might be a little expensive but it is highly important and essential to preserve the environment and prevent it from being contaminated. The greener the environment, the brighter our future is.

Issues in India:

Trash and garbage is a common sight in urban and rural areas of India. It is a major source of pollution. Indian cities alone generate more than 100 million tons of solid waste a year. Street corners are piled with trash. Public places and sidewalks are despoiled with filth and litter, rivers and canals act as garbage dumps. In part, India's garbage crisis is from rising consumption. India's waste problem also points to a stunning failure of governance. In 2000, India's Supreme Court directed all Indian cities to implement a comprehensive waste-management program that would include household collection of segregated waste, recycling and composting. These directions have simply been ignored. No major city runs a comprehensive program of the kind envisioned by the Supreme Court. Indeed, forget waste segregation and recycling directive of the India's Supreme Court, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development estimates that up to 40 percent of municipal waste in India remains simply uncollected. Even medical waste, theoretically controlled by stringent rules that require hospitals to operate incinerators, is routinely dumped with regular municipal garbage. A recent study found that about half of India's medical waste is improperly disposed of. In 2011, several Indian cities embarked on waste-to-energy projects of the type in use in Germany, Switzerland and Japan. For example, New Delhi is implementing two incinerator projects aimed at turning the citys trash problem into electricity resource. These plants are being welcomed for addressing the citys chronic problems of excess untreated waste and a shortage of electric power. They are also being welcomed by those who seek to prevent water pollution, hygiene problems, and eliminate rotting trash that produces potent greenhouse gas methane. The projects are being opposed by

waste collection workers and local unions who fear changing technology may deprive them of their livelihood and way of life. And A2Z Group, Website headquartered in Gurgaon, Delhi has set up Integrated Resource Recovery Facilities with an aggregate MSW capacity of 3,800 tons per day (TPD) in six cities, along with the collection and transportation (C&T) of MSW of an aggregate capacity of 910 TPD in two cities. They also have the processing and disposal (P&D) of MSW of an aggregate capacity of 488 TPD in six cities in India.