NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Hematology
Hemoglobin

AUGUST 7,2011 AUGUST 7, 2011

Hematology is a screening test used to diagnose and manage numerous disease, It can reflect problems with fluid.
Hemoglobin Count is perform to determine if oxygen carrying cell is adequate to nourished body. 120-160 92g/L Interpretation: Based on the result, the clients actual finding has decreased hemoglobin. The client had these results because she was experiencing difficulty of breathing. Analysis: A very low Hgb would result in very low oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, which means you'd have to breathe very fast to keep oxygen to your tissues. However, if your Hgb was that low, there would probably be a larger problem at work. (Medical-Surgical by Brunner Nursing pp. 1192) Interpretation: Based on the result, the hct level was decreased because the client was diagnosed to have an anemia. Analysis: Decreased hematocrit indicates anemia, such as that caused by iron deficiency or other deficiencies. Further testing may be necessary to determine the exact cause of the anemia. (MedicalSurgical Nursing pp1192)

Hematocrit

AUGUST 7,2011

Hematocrit count frequently done to assess the extent of significant blood loss. And to evaluate dehydration and anemias.

0.37-0.47

0.26

NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Biochemistry

August 7, 2011

It is used to determine if the body has proper functioning balances of chemical reactions because disfunctioning balances of chemical reactions are responsible for diseases. Biochemical reactions are responsible for everything from metabolism to genetics.
BUN is monitored to detect suspected kidney failure; It may elevate at when excessive protein breakdown occurs Creatinine count is used to detect if client has any renal dysfunction and any kidney ineffectiveness prior to giving birth and after giving birth. 1..9-9.2mmol/L 2.2 mmol/L Normal findings

Urea (BUN)

August 7, 2011

Creatinine

August 7, 2011

53-133 umol/L

38 umol/L

Interpretation: Based on the result, the client has decreased level of creatinine and it might be due to the clients decreased in muscle mass and limited body movement. Analysis: Low creatinine level is not a serious problem .

One of its cause is decreased in muscle mass.Like aging, it causes a natural decline in the amount of muscle mass in the body. Disabilities that limit movement can also cause reduced muscle mass due to lack of muscle use. (Medical-Surgical by Brunner pp. 706-707) Sodium August 7, 2011 It is used to detect hyponatremia or hypernatremia associated with dehydration, edema, and a variety of diseases. 135-156mmol/L 120 mmol/L Interpretation: Based on the result, the sodium level was decreased which means that the client has a hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is an electrolyte disturbance in which the sodium concentration in the serum is lower than normal. In the vast majority of cases, hyponatremia occurs as a result of excess body water diluting the serum sodium and is not due to sodium deficiency. (MedicalSurgical Nursing by Brunner pp.275)

Cloride

August 7, 2011

Chloride is determined because it is responsible for maintaining a balance of water in the body.

95-105mmol/L

83 mmol/L

Interpretation/Analy sis: Based on the result, the level of chloride was also decreased. This might be due to hyponatremia also or low level of sodium. The serum level of chloride reflects a change in dilution or concentration of the ECF and does so in direct proportion to the cncentration of the sodium. MedicalSurgical Nursing by Brunner pp.292) Interpretation: Based on the result, the client had decreased potassium level. Decreased level of potassium indicates hypokalemia. Analysis: Low level of potassium is referred as hypokalemia. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia), can cause weakness as cellular processes are impaired. (MS Nursing pp. 905)

Potassium

August 7, 2011

It is used to detect potassium concentrations that are too high (hyperkalemia) or too low (hypokalemia). Potassium levels that are too high or too low can increase the risk of an abnormal heartbeat.

3.6-5.5mmol/L

3.3 mmol/L

Calcium

August 7, 2011

Its purpose it is to maintain electrical neutrality with sodium. It also serves as a buffer in order to maintain the pH balance of the blood. This test may be ordered as part of a liver panel to evaluate liver function, along with a creatinine and BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) to evaluate kidney function, or along with a prealbumin to evaluate a persons nutritional status.

2.1-2.5mmol/L

2.1 mmol/L

Normal findings

Albumin

August 7, 2011

34-50 g/L

27 g/L

Interpretation: The level of albumin was also decreased which indicates hypoalbuminemia. This is due to the cardiovascular disease of the client which involves inflammatory response. It may also due to the clients decreased intake of diet high in protein. Analysis: Hypoalbuminemia are caused by acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Inflammation is associated with a greater fractional catabolic rate (FCR) and, when extreme, increased transfer of albumin out of the vascular compartment thus it lowers the albumin level in the blood. (MS Nursing by Brunner pp. 706-707)

NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Hematolog y
Hemoglobin

AUGUST 13,2011

Hematology is a screening test used to diagnose and manage numerous disease, It can reflect problems with fluid.
Interpretation: Based on the result, the clients actual finding had decreased compared to the first finding. But still it was decreased or abnormal. The client had this result because she was still experiencing difficulty of breathing. Analysis: A very low Hgb would result in very low oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, which means you'd have to breathe very fast to keep oxygen to your tissues. However, if your Hgb was that low, there would probably be a larger problem at work. (Medical-Surgical Nursing pp1192) Interpretation: Based on the result, the hct level was still decreased because the client was still having an anemia and requires blood transfusion. Analysis: Decreased hematocrit indicates anemia, such as that caused by iron deficiency or other deficiencies. Further testing may be necessary to determine the exact cause of the anemia. . (MedicalSurgical Nursing pp1192)

AUGUST 13,2011

Hemoglobin Count is perform to determine if oxygen carrying cell is adequate to nourished body. .

120-160

111g/L

Hematocrit

AUGUST 13,2011

Hematocrit count frequently done to assess the extent of significant blood loss. And to evaluate dehydration and anemias.

0.37-0.47

0.32

NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Urinalysis Physical
Color

August 13, 2011

This procedure is a clinical information about kidney function and help diagnose other disease. Used for Detecting for the presence of protein, blood and glucose. Assessing color will determine many things such as fluid balance. How darker or lighter is the color tells you how much water is being take by the patient. The Indication for assessing clarity is to detect crystals, sperm, blood and mucus; this components make Urine cloudy. This Checks for the Amount of substance in the urine; also shows how well the kidneys balance the amount of urine. This test is used to measure the acidity and alkalinity of the urine. This procedure is for checking the presence of protein in urine. Yellow to Amber Straw Normal findings

August 13, 2011

Clarity

August 13, 2011

Clear

Clear

Normal findings

Specific Gravity

August 13, 2011

1.002-1.035

1.010

Normal findings

pH

August 13, 2011 August 13, 2011

4-7

0.5

Normal findings

Chemical
Protein

(-)

(-)

Normal findings

Glucose

August 13, 2011 This procedure is used to detect the presence of Glucose in Urine, the patient could have any diseases related such as Deaibetes Mellitus. August 13, 2011 Ketones (acetone, aceotacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid) is used to determine either diabetic ketosis or some other form of calorie deprivation (starvation), are easily detected using either

(-)

(-)

Normal findings

Ketones

(-)

(-)

Normal findings

NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Biochemistr y
Creatinine

August 12, 2011

It is used to determine if the body has proper functioning balances of chemical reactions because disfunctioning balances of chemical reactions are responsible for diseases. Biochemical reactions are responsible for everything from metabolism to genetics.
Creatinine count is used to detect if client has any renal dysfunction and any kidney ineffectiveness prior to giving birth and after giving birth. 53-133 umol/L 34 umol/L Interpretation: Based on the result, the client has still decreased level of creatinine which might be due to the client was still experiencing body weakness and limited mobility. Analysis: Low creatinine level is not a serious problem . One of its cause is decreased in muscle mass.Like aging, it causes a natural decline in the amount of muscle mass in the body. Disabilities that limit movement can also cause reduced muscle mass due to lack of muscle use. (Medical-Surgical by Brunner pp. 706-707) Interpretation: Based on the result, the sodium level was still decreased which means that the clientwas still hyponatremic. Hyponatremia is an electrolyte disturbance in which the sodium concentration in the serum is lower than normal. In the vast majority of cases, hyponatremia occurs as a result of excess body water diluting the serum sodium and is not due to sodium deficiency. (MedicalSurgical Nursing by

August 12, 2011

Sodium

August 12, 2011

It is used to detect hyponatremia or hypernatremia associated with dehydration, edema, and a variety of diseases.

135-156mmol/L

127 mmol/L

NAME OF THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

DATE DONE

INDICATION FOR THE TEST/ PROCEDURE

NORMAL VALUE

ACTUAL RESULT/ FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULT

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

pH

AUGUST 10,2011

An arterial blood gas (ABG) test measures the acidity (pH) and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood from an artery. This test is used to check how well your lungs are able to move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood.
Interpretation/Anal ysis: Based on the result, the pH level was increased which indicates alkalosis. A pH greater than 7.0 is called basic (alkaline). (MS Nursing by Brunner pp. 508)

AUGUST 10,2011

It is used to measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. A low pH indicates a high concentration of hydronium ions, while a high pH indicates a low concentration.

7.35-7.45

7.47

pC02

AUGUST 10,2011

This measures how much carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood and how well carbon dioxide is able to move out of the body.

35-45 mm Hg

40 mmHg

Normal findings

p02

AUGUST 10, 2011

This measures the pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood and how well oxygen is able to move from the airspace of the lungs into the blood. Bicarbonate is a chemical (buffer) that keeps the pH of blood from becoming too acidic or too basic. O2 content measures the amount of oxygen in the blood. Oxygen saturation measures how much of the hemoglobin in the red blood cells is carrying oxygen (O2).

80-100 mm Hg

84 mmHg

Normal findings

HC03

AUGUST 10,2011

22 to 28 mEq/liter

29.1 mEq/L

Normal findings

S02

AUGUST 10,2011

95% to 100%

97%

Normal findings