Module #23 Module #23 Module #23 Module #23

Peach-Koehler Equation, Revisited

Forces btw. Dislocations
SUGGESTED READING*
DIETER: Ch. 5, Pages 160-168
Ch. 4, Pages 205-222 in Meyers & Chawla, 1
st
ed.
*Thi li d h d d ll f h h I h b bl d
Prof. M.L. Weaver
*This list does not mean that you need to read all of these chapters. It has been assembled to
provide you with suggested reading from that you may be using OR referring to in your course.
Most of these chapters cover similar material. Any required reading will be noted separately.
General Peach-Koehler equation
Most dislocations are mixed. Mixed dislocations are oriented such that the tangent
to the dislocation line (i.e., the sense vector , t, or l) is neither parallel or
perpendicular to the Burgers vector. In this case:

t
x y z
b b i b j b k = + +
In 3D space, all will have components parallel to the x,y,z axes. We also need to
account for components of stress that are parallel to the x,y,z axes.
If we let g =
ij
b, then:
g b b b i j k o t t = + +
and
x x xx y xy z xz
y x yx y yy z yz L x y z
z x zx y zy z zz x y z
g b b b i j k
g b b b F g g g g
g b b b
o t t
t o t
t t o
= + +
= + + = =
= + +
where F
L
is the force per unit length of dislocation. This is essentially F/L for a
straight dislocation where L is the length of the dislocation line.
Prof. M.L. Weaver
This general form of the Peach-Koehler equation is used to calculate the magnitudes
of the forces on and the forces between dislocations.
B*
Forces exerted on a straight screw dislocation
Elastic stresses around a screw dislocation: Elastic stresses around a screw dislocation:
( )
2 2
sin
2 2
xz zx
Gb y Gb
r x y
u
t t
t t
= = =
+
y
( )
2 2
cos
2 2
0
yz zy
Gb x Gb
r x y
u
t t
t t
o o o t t
= = =
+
y
B'
0 b =
All shear components acting parallel
to the dislocation line
0
xx yy zz xy yx
o o o t t = = = = =
x
R
r
u
B
b
to the dislocation line.
Thus:
z
B
b
[001] b =

Thus:
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
xz xz x xz
screw yz yz y yz
g b
g b
t t t
o t t t
=
= = = and
Prof. M.L. Weaver
0 0 0
screw yz yz y yz
zx zy xz yz z
g
g t t t t =
B*
Consider a straight screw dislocation as illustrated below.
General Peach-Koehler equation contd
For this screw dislocation: b = [001]
and = [001]. Therefore,
z
$
, b
( )
0
0
1
xx xy xz
yx yy yz
b b
o t t
o t o t
t t o
=
$
y
yz
t
xz
t
1
zx zy zz
xz yz zz
b
t t o
t t o =
$
x
Taking the cross product of (ob) and the line sense () we get:
i j k
NOTE Thi l
( )
0 0 1
L xz yz zz yz xz x y
F b b b b b i b j F F o t t o t t = = = = +
NOTE: This also
proves that two shear
stresses act upon this
screw dislocation.
Prof. M.L. Weaver
This tells us that only
xz
, and
yz
can exert a force on this dislocation and that
the force acts normal to the dislocation line along its length.
B*
Forces exerted on a straight Forces exerted on a straight edge edge dislocation dislocation
Elastic stresses around an edge dislocation:
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
3
2 1
xx
y x y
Gb
o
v
+
=
y
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 1
2 1
yy
x y
y x y
Gb
t v
o
t v

=
y
0 b =
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 1
2 1
xy yx
x y
x x y
Gb
x y
t v
t t
t v

= =

+
R
r
u
A
A'
x
b
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 1
1
zz xx yy
x y
Gb y
x y
t v
v
o v o o
t v
+
= + =
+
A
z
b

[100] b =
Th
0
xz zx yz zy
t t t t = = = =
0 0
xx xy xx xy x xx
g b o t o t o =
Prof. M.L. Weaver
Thus:
0 0
0 0 0 0 0
y y
edge yx yy xy yy y yz
zz zz z
g b
g
o t o t o t
o o
= = =
=
and
B*
Consider a straight edge dislocation as illustrated below.
General Peach-Koehler equation contd
z
b
For this edge dislocation: b = [100]
and = [001]. Therefore,
y
xy
t
b
( )
1
0
0
xx xy xz
yx yy yz
b b
o t t
o t o t
t t o
=

o
x yx y
t t =
x
0
zx zy zz
xx yx zx xx xy xz
b b
t t o
o t t o t t = =
xx
o
Taking the cross product of (ob) and the line sense () we get:
i j k
NOTE: This also
( )
0 0 1
L xx xy xz xy xx x y
F b b b b b i b j F F o o t o t o = = = = +
proves that one normal
stress and one shear
stress act upon this
screw dislocation.
Prof. M.L. Weaver
This tells us that only
xy
and
xx
can exert a force on this dislocation and that
the force acts normal to the dislocation line along its length. F
x
is the glide
force (+y direction). while F
y
is the climb force (in y direction). B*