Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources: Brulle, Robert J. 2010. Politics and the Environment, in Kevin T. Leicht and J.

Craig Jenkins (eds), The Handbook of Politics: State and Civil Society in Global Perspective. Springer Publishers, New York, NY. This source provided statistical evidence in the form of graphs the showed the dramatic growth of the environmental movement. Brulle, Robert. "Rachel Carson and Reform Environmentalism." E-mail interview. 21 Jan. 2013. This interview gave pivotal information on the revolution. The professor gave his unique opinion and analysis on spike of Reform Environmentalism and the effects of Rachel Carson. Brulle, Robert J, and Jenkins, J. Craig. 2005. Foundations and the Environmental Movement; Priorities, Strategies, and Impact in Faber, Daniel and McCarthy, Debra, Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements Rowman & Littlefield This source provided charts to show the growth in the funding of the movement over time. Carson, Rachel, and Dorothy Freeman. Always, Rachel: The Letters of Rachel Carson and Dorothy Freeman, 1952-1964. Boston: Beacon, 1995. Print. This book is a collection of letters sent between Rachel Carson and her good friend, Dorothy Freeman. It shows the feelings and thoughts Rachel had about the environment and what she believed in while writing Silent Spring. This book shows Carsons raw perspective about the environment and her studies that she compiled to form Silent Springs. I used it to learn about Carsons mindset while writing her book. Carson, Rachel. Video. Encyclopdia Britannica Online. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://0www.britannica.com.torofind.csudh.edu/EBchecked/media/112348/Learn-aboutworld-renowned-biologist-Rachel-Carson-who-alerted-the>. This video shows Rachel Carsons testimony before the Senate. She was called on for the claims she made in Silent Spring. This testimony ultimately led to the investigation of pesticides and the ban of DDT.

Carson, Rachel, Lois Darling, and Louis Darling. Silent Spring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1962. Print. This book is the focus of the project. It provided the unique point of view of Rachel Carson, herself and gave us the experience that so many others felt when reading the book. Diamond, Edwin. "The Myth of the "Pesticide Menace"" Saturday Evening Post 28 Sept. 1933: 16-18. <http://www1.umn.edu/ships/pesticides/library/diamond1963.pdf>. This article shows the critique Diamond used against Rachel Carsons Silent Spring. It implies that Carson is being paranoid and feeding false information to the public. "Here Is Situation for Conservationists." Boston Globe Newspaper 7 Mar. 1981: ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <http://0search.proquest.com.torofind.csudh.edu/docview/294062286? accountid=10347> This article shows the impact of Rachel Carson and the environmental movement. I learned that because of her conservationist efforts, Americans are more aware of environmental issues. There is even an Environmental Defense Fund along with advocacy groups such as the Sierra Club that are prosperous because of more awareness towards the environmentally concerned cause. Israelson, David. "Bittersweet Environmental Milestones." Toronto Star 12 Oct. 2012: ProQuest Newsstand. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. <0search.proquest.com.torofind.csudh.edu/docview/ 1082294041?accountid=10347>. This article shows how radical Rachel Carsons ideas were about conservation and health. Her book did not sit well with either companies and the government who were both not primarily concerned with the environmental impact of their decisions. This further emphasizes the newness of environmental issues being brought up during that time. Monsanto. The Desolate Year. N.p.: Monsanto Magazine, Oct. 1962. PDF This article was a parody released by Monsanto as a counter-attack on Silent Spring. It teases the famous first chapter, The Fable of Tomorrow, and imagines a world overrun with bugs.

Pearson, Drew. "Pesticides and Health Hazards." Los Angeles Times 20 Apr. 1964: n. pag.Proquest. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. <http://0search.proquest.com.torofind.csudh.edu/docview/168554736/13B9F3C636245DE0 022/16?accountid=10347>. This source had helped me determine the hazards of pesticides. I learned that is detrimental to both human health and the environment. Pryor, Larry. "Environmental Movement Firm at Grass Roots: Despite Attacks at Federal Level, Leaders Detect No Backlash Over Oil Crisis." Los Angeles Times 14 Dec. 1973: ProQuest. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. This article shows how the problems faced by the environment and the causes fought for by environmentalists is much broader than it was in the past. It gave me a greater perspective as to how the movement started by Rachel Carson is utilized to fight todays bigger battles. Stammer, Larry. "Environmental Activists Shifting From Preservation to Restoration." Los Angeles Times 17 Jan. 1988: ProQuest. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. This article shows that through the leadership of figures such as Rachel Carson, regulating the use of pesticides became not only a popular cause, but helped to fix an environmental ethic in the law. I used this article to prove that Carson was viewed as an important figure concerning environmentalism. Swain, Joshua, and Katherine Mangu-Ward. "Rachel Carson's Silent Spring at 50 Years." Reason.com. N.p., 27 Sept. 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2013 <http://reason.com/reasontv/2012/09/27/andrew-morriss-on-silent-spring-at-50>. This video was used to show the professor talking about the long term effects of Silent Spring wand how it changed conservationism Secondary Sources:
Brulle, Robert J. Agency, Democracy, and Nature: The U.S. Environmental Movement from a Critical Theory Perspective. Cambridge, MA: MIT, 2000. Print. This book provided description on the events leading up to the Modern Environmental Movement. It also provided statistics and analysis for the movement. It included many of the significant events of the movement.

Crane, Jeff. Natural Protest: Essays on the History of American Environmentalism. New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 2009. Print.

This book shows how Carsons work had been instrumental in encouraging Americans to think about their relationship to nature, thus creating an environmental movement. It also lists different works such as articles and books that were written after Silent Spring to further support her cause. These works were considered important in continuing Rachel Carsons legacy and preserving the same mentality towards nature. I used to create the Today era of the website. Egan, Michael. Barry Commoner and the Science of Survival. Cambridge: MIT, 2007. Print. This book described how Barry Commoner created and implemented his laws of ecology. He was a supporter of Rachel Carson and had created works in order to keep society informed about what was needed in order to help the environment. His cause was related to Carson and Silent Spring. This book had shown how he had used the movement started by Carson and his own ideas to propel a bigger environmental boom. I used it to create Commoners section on the Allies page of the website.
Geary, Daniel. "Environmental Movement." Dictionary of American History. Ed. Stanley I. Kutler. 3rd ed. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. 226-231. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/suic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?

failOverType=&query=&prodId=SUIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules= &mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighl ighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&actio n=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE %7CCX3401801397&userGroupName=long79198&jsid=42b7637d56c7d4d90c75 5a5c34f9dc51 >. This article provided an overview of the course of the environmental movement. It explained the development and growth of the movement. Griswold, Eliza. "How Silent Spring Ignited the Environmental Movement." New York Times. N.p., 21 Sept. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/23/magazine/how-silent-spring-ignited-theenvironmental-movement.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0>. This article analyzed the growth of the movement after the release of Silent Spring. It included the commentary of people as well as the how the book changed the people of the times. Koehn, Nancy F. "From Calm Leadership, Lasting Change." The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Oct. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012.

<http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/28/business/rachel-carsons-lessons-50-yearsafter-silent-spring.html?pagewanted=all>. This article provided information on Rachel Carsons thoughts as she wrote Silent Spring as well as information on the lasting effects of the book. Lear, Linda J. Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature. New York: H. Holt, 1997. Print. This book analyzed Carsons life as well as her work. It provide details on how the book revolutionized American perception of the environment. Lytle, Mark H. The Gentle Subversive. New York: Oxford UP, 2007. Print. I used this book as a source of plenty of information concerning Rachel Carson and her work. It explained the work behind Silent Spring, what motivated her in writing the book, and what she did in order to strengthen it enough to make a difference. It also gave information about Carsons works before Silent Spring and what she had done, such as speeches, in effect of the loud reception of her controversial book. It also detailed the reactions of different groups to her work and how her work is used to support different movements of today. Neimark, Peninah, and Peter Rhoades. Mott. The Environmental Debate: A Documentary History. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1999. Print. This book provided many documents that showed the progression of the environmental movement, including clips of Silent Spring. Norton, Bryan G. 1991. Toward Unity among Environmentalists. Oxford University Press. This book explained how Manifest Destiny changed American attitude toward nature. He explains how Manifest Destiny actually broke down into many smaller ideals that depict nature as inferior. Opie, John. "The Discovery of the Environment." Encyclopedia of American Cultural and Intellectual History. Ed. Mary Kupiec Cayton and Peter W. Williams. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2001. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. This source provided information on early American views on the environment. It talks about how industrialism changed the environment and how Silent Spring changed the people.

Petulla, Joseph M. American Environmental History: The Exploitation and Conservation of Natural Resources. San Francisco: Boyd & Fraser, 1977. This book gave details on the destruction of the environment during the first centuries of inhabitation. The book then goes on to describe how certain measures were taken in response to environmental threats. Souder, William. On a Farther Shore: The Life and Legacy of Rachel Carson. New York: Crown, 2012. Print. This book was helpful to me in listing Carsons critics and allies. It showed how each person of various organizations and professions had reacted to Silent Spring. It also showed the publics outcry after being aware of the harms of pesticide. It further detailed the governments investigation of the factual evidence in the book, and soon afterwards, the actions the government took in order to support Rachel Carson. "Timeline: The Modern Environmental Movement." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013 This source provided a detailed timeline of the major points in the modern environmental movement. It included social and government changes and continued up until modern day. Pictures: 2008 Earth Day in Seoul, South Korea. Digital image. Ecolocalizer. N.p., 16 Apr. 2008. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://ecolocalizer.com/2008/04/16/2008-earth-day-in-seoulsouth-korea/>. This picture shows how Earth Day spread into Western Asia. This is a photo of Earth Day being celebrated in South Korea. Alfred Eisenstaedt/Time Life Pictures. Business Day. N.d. Photograph. Getty Images. The New York Times. 28 Oct. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/10/28/business/28-CARSON.html>. This picture shows Carson with a book in the woods which shows how in touch she was with nature. Becker, Gary. "How to Defuse the Population Bomb | Hoover Institution." How to Defuse the Population Bomb | Hoover Institution. 30 Oct. 2001. Web. 13 Jan. 2013.<http://www.hoover.org/publications/hoover-digest/article/6800>.

This cartoon shows the perception of the population bomb that hasnt exploded yet. This corresponds to the growing population and how it could eventually cause total catastrophe. It was a good depiction of social perception on overpopulation. Brooks Studio. Rachel Carson at Microscope. 1951. Photograph. Rachel Carson Council. The New York Times. 21 Sept. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/09/23/magazine/23carson3.html>. This picture shows Carson at the microscope as she researches for what will become Silent Spring. Canada Earth Day Poster, 2011. Digital image. Networking for Graduate Students. N.p., 19 Apr. 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://anchow.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/earth-day/>. This picture was used because it shows how Earth day has spread into Canada. "Carson, R., birding." U*X*L Biographies. Detroit: U*X*L, 2010. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 2 Jan. 2013. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/suic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow? total=10&query=BSrachelcarson&prodId=SUIC&windowstate=normal&mode=vie w&limiter=&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&source=&displayGroups= &action=e&catId=&view=statisticsDocDisplay&documentId=GALE %7CEJ2210003237&userGroupName=long79198&jsid=deb4c43d881d4be3a0cd6 4c7efc7ab84 >. This picture shows Carson birding, one of her favorite past times. It shows how in touch she was with nature. Chinese World Earth Day Stamp. Digital image. China Digital Times. N.p., 22 Apr. 2005. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2005/04/xinhua-china-issues-1ststamp-to-commemorate-world-earth-day/>. I used this picture to show the spread of Earth Day into China. They celebrated by creating the very first World Earth Day stamp. "Cottam, Clarence - Biography." Cottam, Clarence - Biography. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/resshow/perry/bios/CottamClarence.htm>. I used this picture to show the countenance of one of Rachel Carsons supporters who aided in revising Silent Spring.

"DDT was widely used to kill bugs that could infect soldiers during World War II. Later it was..." U*X*L American Decades. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, et al. Vol. 5: 1940-1949. Detroit: UXL, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 2 Jan. 2013. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/suic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow? total=6&query=BS ddt&prodId=SUIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance %2Cdescending&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&documentId=GALE %7CPC3436987367&userGroupName=long79198&jsid=99da877a73be633e10a2f 2a50dd9f464>. This picture shows how the chemical DDT was used in neighborhood settings following World War II. "Department of Commerce." National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration: All Yours for Five Cents a Day. 8 Sept. 2011. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://www.commerce.gov/blog/2011/09/08/national-oceanic-atmosphericadministration-all-yours-five-cents-day>. I used this picture because it shows the symbol for the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce, relating to the administration that was created in effect of the movement started by Rachel Carson. Dritschilo, William. "Frank Egler and the Greening of American Ecology." Frank Egler and the Greening of American Ecology. 31 Jan. 2009. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://www.atonforest.org/index2.htm>. I used this picture because it shows Frank Egler who was a supported of Rachel Carson and also aided in the creation of Silent Spring. Earth Day Is Everyday. Digital image. Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. N.p., 21 Apr. 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.srpmicnsn.gov/government/epnr/earthday.asp>. I used this source to show how Earth Day spread into different cultures. The Native Americans even adopted the celebration. Earth Day Tokyo 2008. Digital image. Earth Day Tokyo 2008. N.p., 22 Apr. 2008. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.earthday-tokyo.org/2008/english.html>. I used this source to show that Earth Day is also celebrated in Japan. This shows just how extensive the growth of this movement was. Foundation, Washington Legal. "Senators Air Serious Concerns Over EPA's Hydraulic Fracturing "Guidance"" Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 02 Oct. 2012. Web. 13 Jan.

2013. <http://www.forbes.com/sites/wlf/2012/10/02/senators-air-serious-concernsover-epas-hydraulic-fracturing-guidance/>. I used this picture because it shows the widely recognized symbol of the EPA, another agency created with the environment in mind. Go Green, Go Grun. Digital image. German Village. N.p., 7 Apr. 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://germanvillage.com/archives/4280>. I used this picture because it shows how Earth Day has spread across the sea into Europe, including countries like Germany. Green Club Afghanistan. Digital image. Earth Day Network. N.p., 12 Oct. 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.earthday.org/green-club-afghanistan>. This picture shows how Earth day is now celebrated in third-world countries. Jackson, Ed, and Charles Pou. "TDGH - February 7." TDGH - February 7. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/tdgh-feb/feb07.htm>. This picture shows pilgrims chopping down trees which represents how the people had only thought it appropriate to make space for themselves by conquering the land. "Legal Filings." CREW Files FOIA Request with Dept. of Interior Regarding Cloud Computing Records Management. 21 June 2011. Web. 03 Jan. 2013.<http://www.citizensforethics.org/legal-filings/entry/foia-dept-interior-cloudcomputing-records-management>. I used this picture to show the US. Department of the Interior symbol, which relate to Udall who worked as the secretary of the unit. Mexican Restaurant Goes Dark for Earth Day. Digital image. N.p., 8 Apr. 2010. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://losangeles.grubstreet.com/2010/04/mexico_restaurante_goes_dark_f.html>. I used this picture to show how one Mexican Restaurant celebrated Earth Day. "Natural Resources Defense Council :The Earth's Best Defense | NRDC." Natural Resources Defense Council : The Earth's Best Defense. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://www.nrdc.org/>. I used this picture because it represents the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental action group which was created with the environment in mind, following the teachings of conservationists.

New York Times. Carson Testifying before a Senate Subcommittee on Pesticides in 1963. 1963. Photograph. The New York Times. 21 Sept. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/09/23/magazine/23carson5.html>. This picture shows Carson testifying before the Senate on pesticides. This is an example of how passionate she was about this topic. Our Stolen Future. Digital image. Our Stolen Future. N.p., Mar. 1997. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/basics/paperback.htm>. This photo displays the book Our Stolen Future. It was a book about pesticides. This book supported the claims of Silent Spring and it was often claimed to be its sequel. Pesticide Warning Poster. Digital image. Green Planet Ethics. N.p., 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://greenplanetethics.com/wordpress/pesticides-in-food-the-dirty-dozenfoods-list-plus-safest-food-to-buy-2012/>. This picture shows the development of the anti-pesticide movement that followed Silent Spring. "Rachel Carson. Photo reproduced by permission of the." U*X*L American Decades. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, et al. Vol. 7: 1960-1969. Detroit: UXL, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 31 Dec. 2012 <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/suic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow? total=10&query=BS rachel carson&prodId=SUIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&source=&displayGroups=&action=e &catId=&view=docDisplay&documentId=GALE %7CPC3436987502&userGroupName=long79198&jsid=d1144423c84787ff25c76 bc937846eb6>. I used this photo to display Rachel Carson in her youth. The entire movement came from this woman. Rachel Carson. Digital image. Bio. N.p., 2013. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.biography.com/people/rachel-carson-9239741>. This picture was used because it shows Carson at her microscope. However, it also shows her strength and determination.

The New York Times. Business Day. N.d. Photograph. The New York TImes. 28 Oct. 2012. Web. 31 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/10/28/business/28-CARSONJP1.html>. This picture shows an aerial spraying of DDT. This picture shows how fragrantly the chemical was used and it provides an idea of what the frequent sprayings were like. "Thanks to Rachel Carson on the 50th Anniversary of 'Silent Spring'" Living Green Magazine. 18 Sept. 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2013.<http://livinggreenmag.com/2012/09/18/energy-ecology/thanks-to-rachelcarson-on-the-50th-anniversary-of-silent-spring/>. I used this source to show Rachel Carson and her connection to Silent Spring after 50 years, because it shows how after such a period, her legacy is still continued. The Cover of a 1947 DDT Handbook Issued by the USDA. Digital image. Swallowing the Camel. N.p., 28 Nov. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://swallowingthecamel.wordpress.com/tag/science/>. This is a picture of a DDT usage handbook that was distributed by the government. This shows how popular DDT was at the time. The Industrial Revolution Pollution. Digital image. The Write Pass Journal. N.p., 12 Dec. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://writepass.co.uk/journal/2012/12/theenvironmental-architecture-is-not-new-it-has-appeared-in-the-ancient-civilizationsin-the-aspects-of-human-attempts-to-adapt-and-live-in-the-surroundingenvironment/>. I used this source to show how pollution increased because of the Industrial Revolution. U.S. Government. Kansas State Seal. Digital image. Wikipedia. N.p., 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2012. <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Kansas-StateSeal.svg> I used this source to display how Kansas state seal reflects early attitudes toward nature. U.S. Government. State Seal of Indiana. Digital image. Wikipedia. N.p., 13 Apr. 2011. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Indiana-StateSeal.svg I used this source to show how the state seal of Indiana reflects the ideas of conquering nature at the time.

"USDA Launches Initiative to Improve Mississippi River Water Quality." USDA Launches Initiative to Improve Mississippi River Water Quality. 3 Mar. 2010. Web. 03 Jan. 2013.<http://www.edf.org/news/usda-launches-initiative-improvemississippi-river-water-quality>. This picture is a symbol of the EDF, which I used to clarify which organization was pointed out. "USGS: Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota"" USGS: Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota" Web. 13 Jan. 2013. <http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/pubs/fs09200/>. I used this graph because it shows the concentration of DDT in whole freshwater fish. DDT is harmful to marine animals, and this graph shows evidence as to the significant amounts of DDT in water supplies that run off and reach fish. World Environment Day 2010. Digital image. Eco-Question. N.p., 4 June 2010. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.eco-question.com/world-environment-day-2010>. This picture was used at the center of the earth day posters from individual countries. This was the biggest show of the environmental movement: the creation of the World Earth Day.