2009 BirdLife International

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ISBN: 978-9942-9959-0-2
Recommended citation: DEVENISH, C., DAZ FERNNDEZ, D. F., CLAY, R. P., DAVIDSON, I. & YPEZ ZABALA, I. EDS. (2009) Important Bird Areas Americas - Priority sites for
biodiversity conservation. Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 16).
To cite this chapter: ANGULO PRATOLONGO, F. (2009) Peru. Pp 307 316 in C. Devenish, D. F. Daz Fernndez, R. P. Clay, I. Davidson & I. Ypez Zabala Eds. Important Bird
Areas Americas - Priority sites for biodiversity conservation. Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 16).
The purpose of the information contained in this book is to support conservation initiatives in the Americas, for which it may be reproduced. Using this information for
commercial purposes is not permitted. If part or all of this information is used or included in any other publication, BirdLife International must be cited as copyright holder.
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them.
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International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Membership of BirdLife International
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Graphic design: Alejandro Miranda Baldares (alejoanime@yahoo.com)
Translations: Christian Devenish, tala Ypez Zabala & Amiro Prez-Leroux
Maps: David F. Daz Fernndez, tala Ypez Zabala & Christian Devenish
Edition of Spanish language country chapters: tala Ypez Zabala, Carlos Huertas Snchez & David F. Daz Fernndez
Graphic design volunteer (Spanish language country chapters): Adriana Valencia Tapia
Printed in Ecuador by Poligrafca C.A.
This publication and all country/territory chapters in their native languages are available for download at www.birdlife.org/
lmportunt rd Areus AMERICAS
lernundo Anguo lrutoongo
*,1
1he Lndungered und restrcted-runge Murveous Sputuetu |3VKKPNLZPHTPYHIPSPZ) hus ony been recorded rom tvo ocutons recenty,
both lAs: Ro Ltcubumbu |lL057) und Lugunu de os Condores |lL062).
lhoto: Henz lenge
307
leru
Areu:
lopuuton |2008):
Cuptu:
Attude:
Numbcr of lBAs:
TotaI lBA arca:
lBA covcragc of Iand arca:
1otu number o brds:
Cobuy threutened brds:
Cobuy threutened brds n lAs:
Country endemcs:
l,285,2l5.6 km
2
28,220,764
Lmu
06768 m
ll6
20,022,070 hu
l5%
l825
l00
86
l05
GcncraI introduction
Country facts at a gIancc
Peru is located in the center-west of South America and has a total area of 1,285,215.6 km
2
. The country shares borders
with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil and Bolivia to the east, and Chile to the south; to the west lies the Pacifc
ocean. Perus capital, Lima, is located on the coast, in the center of the country and is the seat of the government. Politi-
cally, Peru is divided into 24 regions as well as the Constitutional Province of El Callao. Regions, in turn, are subdivided
into provinces, and these, into districts. Peru currently has a total of 180 provinces and 1747 districts. Perus population
stands at 28,220,764 inhabitants (2008), of which 72% live in urban areas and 28% in rural zones. Forty-four ethnic
groups also inhabit Peru, divided into 14 ethno-linguistic families.
Peru`s geographic location alone would imply a tropical climate, however, due to the infuence of the cold Hum-
boldt current, the Andes (traversing the country north to south) and the area of high pressure in the South Pacifc,
Peru has a great variety of climates. Eight principal climate types have been identifed (Ministerio de Agricultura
2008), ranging from dry or humid hot climates, through temperate and Meso-Andean valleys to puna and snow.
Peru is divided into three catchment areas: Pacifc, Atlantic and Lake Titicaca. There are 52 rivers within the Pacifc ba-
sin, with the most representative being the Tumbes, Chira, Chancay, Jequetepeque, Santa, Rimac, Caete, Ica, Majes and
Tambo rivers. The rivers of the Amazon or Atlantic basin are generally long and voluminous with many tributaries. The
most important river ports in Peru in the Amazon are Imaza, Iquitos, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas and Puerto Maldonado. Lake
Titicaca, located on the Collao plateau in the south of Peru, is an endorheic basin (without a superfcial outlet to the sea)
as the lake is contained by the western and eastern ranges of the Andes. The 8380 km
2
lake receives waters from the riv-
ers Suches, Huancan, Ramis, Coata and Ilave. Peru is divided by the Andes into three regions: Northern Andes, Central
Andes and Southern Andes containing 21 ecoregions (CDC-UNALM 2006), including ecosystems such as mangroves,
dry, montane and humid forests, savannas, desert, paramos, puna, lakes and rivers, among others.
Peru is one of the 10 most diverse, or megadi-
verse, countries on the planet due to its wealth
in ecosystems, species, genetic resources
and cultures (CONAM 2001). In fora alone,
some 25,000 species are calculated to exist
in Peru (10% of the worlds total), of which
30% are endemic. Peru has the most plant
species whose known properties are used
by humans (4400 spp) and native domesti-
cated species (128) in the world. Domestic
animals include, alpaca (Lama pacos), llama
(Lama glama), guinea pig (Cavia porcellus),
domestic duck (Cairina moschata) and the
cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus) from
which a crimson dye is produced. Of the
four most important crops for human con-
sumption in the world (wheat, rice, potato
and maize), Peru has a high genetic diversity
of both potato and maize (CONAM 2001).
In terms of wild fauna, Peru also has a high
diversity of fsh (2000 species, 10% of the
global total), 3300 species of amphibians and
462 species of mammals.
lurque Nuconu Cerros de Amotupe |lL00l) hus one o the
hghest numbers o threutened speces n leruvun lAs, such
us the Vunerube Ltte \oodstur |*OHL[VJLYJ\ZIVTI\Z).
lhoto: lernundo Anguo lrutoongo
lhoto: Roger Ahmun
308
Peru has a national state system of protected areas (SINANPE, in
Spanish), created in 1990 and made up of 63 protected areas, totaling
18,043,379.84 ha, representing 14.04% of the countrys area. Some of
the largest protected areas within the system include Alto Purs, Pacaya-
Samiria and Manu with areas over 2.5, 2 and 1.5 million ha, respectively.
Another level of protection exists in the form of Conservation Areas,
which do not belong to the state (and do not form part of the SINANPE),
but are managed by regional governments (Box 2) or by private landowners.
By the beginning of 2009, 18 Conservation Areas had been declared,
covering 256,725 ha, representing 0.20% of Perus area. Both types of
protected areas represent 14.24% of the countrys area (Table 1).
lurk vurden trunng n Suntuuro Hstorco osque de lomuc |lL0l8), one o tvo lAs
n ths type o protected ureu.
lhoto: lernundo Anguo lrutoongo
osque de lreoo |lL0l0) provdes crtcu hubtut to the Crtcuy Lndungered
\hte-vnged Cuun |7LULSVWLHSIPWLUUPZ, et). lt s ony one o three lAs desg-
nuted or ths speces, o vhch ony 250 ure estmuted to remun n the vd.
lhoto: NCl-leru
Other legal instruments for site conservation in Peru include ecological
easements, conservation concessions, ecotourism concessions, wildlife
management area concessions and contracts to manage protected areas.
These conservation mechanisms are found on private property (ease-
ments), in protected areas (contracts) and state land (all other forms).
Peru is party to a series of international agreements on biodiversity
conservation, among which the following are highlighted: Conven-
tion on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora, Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural
and Natural Heritage, Convention on Biological Diversity, the Ramsar
Convention on Wetlands and the Convention on Migratory Species.
In 2006, regional workshops were held to compile information on a Nation-
al Bird Conservation Strategy in Peru. The initiative is being coordinated
by PromPeru, BirdLife International and Naturaleza y Cultura Internacio-
nal, with backing from the National Institute of Natural Resources and the
National Environment Council (CONAM, in Spanish). This strategy will
allow diffculties and opportunities to be identifed for bird conservation in
Peru, as well as establishing conservation priorities based on threats faced
by birds. The strategy incorporates existing conservation mechanisms
such as the IBA program as well as income generating initiatives such as
birding tourism aimed at creating opportunities for conservation.
1he orthcomng nutonu brd conservu-
ton strutegy v denty opportuntes
und prortes or brd conservuton us ve
us ncorporutng exstng conservuton
mechunsms, such us the lA progrum.
Protcctcd arca typc
Nutonu purks
Nutonu sunctuures
Hstorc sunctuures
Nutonu reserves
\de reuges
Lundscupe reserves
Communu reserves
lrotecton orests
Huntng reserves
Reserved zones
Regonu conservuton ureus
lrvute conservuton ureus
TOTAL
Number
12
7
4
11
2
2
7
6
2
10
3
15
81
TotaI arca (ha)
7,967,119
263,982
41,279
3,298,712
8,592
651,818
1,753,869
389,987
124,735
3,543,286
150,833
105,892
18,300,104
TabIc 1. lrotected ureu types und coveruge n leru
lhoto: Henz lenge
309
leru
Peru is considered to hold the second highest number of bird species in
the world, after Colombia. A total of 1825 species have been recorded
(this could increase to 1840 with changes in taxonomy), belonging to
23 orders and 89 families, of which 105 are endemic to the country.
However, following the South American Classifcation Committee,
Peru has 1721 bird species (Remsen et al. 2008).
According to the IUCN Red List, Peru has 100 threatened species at
global level (BirdLife International 2007), consisting of eight Criti-
cally Endangered species (CR), 31 Endangered (EN) and 61 Vulner-
able (VU) . The national red list established by the Peruvian State (El
Peruano 2004) puts the total at 108, divided as follows: 12 CR, 35 EN
and 61 VU. Apart from the above government decree, no red data book
as such has been published in Peru (Box 1).
The principal direct threats to birds in Peru are hunting for consump-
tion, direct capture for the pet trade, indirect capture in fshing nets and
habitat destruction (mainly conversion of montane, dry and Amazon
forests to agriculture caused by human migrations). Mining and petro-
leum extraction are also signifcant threats.
At global level, Peru has the second highest number of restricted-range
species (211) and the highest among Neotropical countries. These
species are distributed over 16 Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) and three
leru s consdered to hod the second
hghest number o brd speces n the
vord, u totu o l825 speces
huve been recorded, o vhch l05
ure endemc to the country.
1he ghtess }unn Crebe |7VKPJLWZ[HJaHUV^ZRPP, et) s the most threutened brd n leru, endemc to Luke }unn ut over 4000 m. lt s threutened by chungng vuter eves und pouton
rom mnng reuted uctvtes. 1he tvo ndvduus to the rght ure Svery Crebe |7VKPJLWZVJJPWP[HSPZ). lhoto: Aeundro 1eo, vvv.rurebrdsyeurbook.com
Secondary Areas (Stattersfeld et al. 1998). A new Secondary Area has
also been proposed for Scarlet-banded Barbet (Capito wallacei) and
Royal Sunangel (Heliangelus regalis). There are 352 species restricted
to six biomes, with the Central Andes (CAN) biome being the best
represented with 179 species present in Peru of a total of 213 restricted
to the biome. Records also exist for 135 migratory species, which can
be grouped into three categories: 40 Neartic migratory species, breed-
ing in the Neotropics, 51 Neartic species which do not breed in the
Neotropics and 44 austral migrants (Stotz et al. 1996).
Peru has more members of the family Tyrannidae (248 species), Furnariidae
(121) and Emerizidae (91) than any other country in the world, as well as fve
Inca-fnch species belong to the endemic genus Incaspiza (Valqui 2006).
Ornithological studies began in Peru at the end of the 1770s. The
frst treatise on Peruvian birds was published in Ornithologie du
Prou as a result of Taczanowskis sponsorship of expeditions by
Stolzmann and Jelski after 1860. Later, between 1931 and 1955
John T. Zimmer published Studies on Peruvian Birds following ex-
peditions to the country backed by the Chicago Field Museum. In
1964, ONeill began expeditions in Peru, resulting in the descrip-
tion of 20 species new to science (Franke 2007). A scientifc bird
collection was frst begun in Peru by Antonio Raimondi, whose
specimens formed the basis of the Ornithological Collection of the
Natural History Museum of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de
San Marcos (Franke 2007). Further collections now exist in Tru-
jillo, Arequipa, and Lima.
An important milestone in Peruvian ornithology was the publication
of the country`s frst checklist by Parker et al. (1982). In 2001, the
frst guide to the birds of Peru was published by Clements & Shany,
subsequently, Schulenberg et al. produced the most complete work
on Peruvian birds in 2007.
The Ornithological Union of Peru was established in October 2006
as a non-proft-making organization which aims to promote educa-
tion, scientifc study and conservation of birds in Peru. In April 2008,
the Peruvian Checklist Committee was created, consisting of a
group of 10 ornithologists, and aimed at evaluating and validating
new bird records for the country.
1umbesun regon endemcs ncude |rom et to rght) urd's lycutcher |4`PVK`UHZ[LZIHPYKPP), 1umbes Spurrov |(PTVWOPSHZ[VSaTHUUP), Coustu Mner |.LVZP[[HWLY\]PHUH) und
Cnereous nch |7PLaVYOPUHJPULYLH).
lhotos: Murruy Cooper
3l0
IBA identifcation in Peru began in 2003 with the support of Conservation
International, and was consolidated at the 1st National IBA Workshop,
during the 5th National Ornithological Meeting in Arequipa (20-23 Octo-
ber 2003). The above process, as well as the workshop, at which almost
140 people participated, was organized by staff at the Javier Prado Natural
History Museum, led by Irma Franke (Franke et al. 2005). A preliminary
identifcation of 193 IBAs was reduced to a fnal list of 128 during the
workshop, covering 191,199 km
2
(14.75% of Perus area).
These IBAs were published in the 2005 regional directory for the Tropical
Andes (BirdLife International & Conservation International 2005). In 2008, a
process to update the IBA inventory was begun. At the 7th National Ornitho-
logical Conference in Piura a second IBA workshop was held with approxi-
mately 80 participants. At the workshop, the 128 IBAs identifed in 2005 were
revised and updated, resulting in new IBA proposals, elimination of others,
redefnition of boundaries, name changes and confrmation of additional spe-
cies within IBAs. This chapter presents the results of this updating process.
lBA ovcrvicw
TabIc 1. lmportunt rd Areus n leru
l
In total, 116 IBAs have been designated in Peru, covering 20,022,070 ha,
representing 15% of the countrys land area (Table 2, Figure 1). IBAs in-
clude 41 of 63 protected areas within the national protected area system
(wholly or partially), representing 65% of protected areas.
Nine of 13 Ramsar sites in Peru have been designated as IBAs: Bofedales
y Laguna de Salinas (PE103), Humedal Lucre (Huacarpay; PE091), Lago
Titicaca (PE097), Pacaya Samiria (PE109), Paracas (PE038), Reserva Na-
cional de Junn (PE077), Santuario Nacional Lagunas de Meja (PE046),
Pantanos de Villa (PE034) and Vice (PE012).
At u recent lA vorkshop, the
l28 lAs dented n 2005 vere
revsed und upduted.









1






1

1


4
3
1
2





1

2

1



1



10
4

3
3


1
1
3
1


1
1
2
5


1

2
5
2
2
1


1
1
4




1

2
1
1

1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X



X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X






X






X
X
X













X
X


















X


X



















X








PE001*
PE002
PE003
PE004
PE005
PE006
PE007
PE008
PE009
PE010*
PE011**
PE012**
PE013**
PE014
PE015
PE016
PE017*
PE018*
PE019
PE020
PE021
lurque Nuconu Cerros de Amotupe
Coto de Cuzu L Angoo
1uuru
Suyo-Lu 1nu
osque de Cuyus
Aypute
1odo
Huumbu
lutushuco
osques Secos de Sutru - Huurmucu - Cmos
lsu locu
Mungures de Sun ledro - Vce
Lstuuro de Vrru
lsu Lobos de 1erru
lsu Lobos de Aueru
Chumu
Luqupumpu
Suntuuro Hstorco osque de lomuc
Chupurr
Lu Lsperunzu
Lus Decus
luru, 1umbes
luru
luru
luru
luru
luru
luru
luru
luru
Lumbuyeque, luru
luru
luru
luru
luru
Lumbuyeque
Lumbuyeque
Lumbuyeque
Lumbuyeque
Cuumurcu, Lumbuyeque
Cuumurcu
Lumbuyeque
l5l,56l
65,000
7,000
49,000
2,l70
l,000
2,800
2,600
3,000
l25,000
92
7,2l8
42,205
l,426
235
8,l50
8,329
5,887
34,4l2
l,600
2,800
1he Lndungered leruvun luntcutter |7O`[V[VTHYHPTVUKPP) s restrcted to the 1umbesun regon Lndemc rd
Areu vth recent records rom ony ve ocutons, u o vhch ure lAs, ncudng 1uuru |lL003).
lhoto: NCl-leru
lhoto: Murruy Cooper
1
Sites which have been redefned or changed name since Franke et al. (2005) are marked by a singled asterisk, new sites are marked by a double asterisk. 3ll
leru
















2


























1











1







1

1
1
1



1
1

1
1
1
2
1
1

1




4


1




1

1
1


1


1
3
1
4
1
2
2
2
1

1
3
2
3
2
1
1
1




2
1
1
1
1
1


2
1

2
2
2

4


1







1

1
1

5

1
1
1


1

1


1
1
1
1
2
2
5
3
4
3
1
5
3
2
1
4
4
1
2

1

2






1




2

2

2



3

1

1

1
1
1
1



1

1
7
1
3
4
2
1
1
1
4

1

6


2
2
2
3
2
4
7
2

2



2
3
4
1
3



2
1
4
1

1






8

2
2


X
X
X

X

X
X
X

X



X

X
X

X

X
X

X

X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X




X
X








X

X
X




X

X
X
X


X
X

X

X


X
X
X

X
X
X
X

X

X

X

X
X



X


X

X

X
X











X


X



X









X




























X













X













X


X


































X










































X

X











































PE022
PE023
PE024
PE025**
PE026
PE027
PE028
PE029
PE030
PE031
PE032
PE033
PE034
PE035
PE036
PE037
PE038
PE039
PE040
PE041**
PE042
PE043
PE044
PE045
PE046
PE047
PE048
PE049
PE050
PE051
PE052
PE053
PE054**
PE055**
PE056*
PE057**
PE058*
PE059
PE060
PE061*
PE062
PE063*
PE064
PE065*
PE066*
PE067
PE068
PE069
PE070*
PE071
PE072
PE073
PE074
PE075
PE076
PE077
PE078
PE079
PE080
PE081
PE082
PE083
PE084
PE085
PE086
PE087
PE088
PE089
PE090
PE091
Ato Vue de Suu
Ruun
Luguen
lsus Chuo-Corcovudo-Suntu-lerro
Cochubumbu
Chucchun
\upuutun
Sun Dumun-ernu luquo
osque de Noqno
Lugunu L luruso
Reservu Nuconu Lomus de Luchuy
osque de Zurute
luntunos de Vu
lsu luchucumuc
Hortgu
lsco
Reservu Nuconu de lurucus
Nuzcu
Reservu Nuconu lumpu Cuerus
Cotuhuus
Lugo lurnucochus
Atqupu
Vue de Mues
Chguutu
Ro 1umbo y Lugunus de Meu
Vocun Yucumun
Lugunu de lte
1ucnu
Cerro Chngueu
Suntuuro Nuconu 1ubuconus-Numbue
Sun }ose de Lourdes
Lu Cochu
Chnchpe
uguu
Corderu de Coun
Ro Ltcubumbu
Abru lutrcu - Ato Muyo
Moyobumbu
}esus de Monte
Ro Muruon
Lugunu de os Condores
Ro Cuumurcu
Sun Murcos
L Mono
Ro Abseo y 1uyubumbu
Chumpuru
lurque Nuconu Huuscurun
Cerro Huunzuu-Huuuncu
Corderu Huuyhuush y Nor-Cyon
Cucu
Curpsh
lurque Nuconu 1ngo Muru
Mpo
luyu lumpu
Corderu Yunuchugu
Lugo de }unn
Murcupomucochu
Ato Vue Suntu Luuu-Moc
lumpus lucucochu y Curcochu
Ro Munturo-Corderu Centru
Yuu
Chuhuuncu
Suntuuro Nuconu de Ampuy
Runtucochu-Morocochu
Corderu Vcubumbu
Mundorcusu
Suntuuro Hstorco Muchu lcchu
Abru Muugu-Vcunotu
Lugos Yunucochu
Lugunus de Huucurpuy
Cuumurcu
Lumbuyeque
Lu Lbertud
Ancush, Lu Lbertud
Ancush
Ancush
Ancush
Ancush
Ancush
Lmu
Lmu
Lmu
Lmu
Lmu
Lmu
lcu
lcu
lcu
Ayucucho
Arequpu
Ayucucho
Arequpu
Arequpu
Arequpu
Arequpu
1ucnu
1ucnu
1ucnu
luru
Cuumurcu
Cuumurcu
Cuumurcu
Cuumurcu
Amuzonus
Amuzonus
Amuzonus
Amuzonus, Sun Murtn
Sun Murtn
Sun Murtn
Amuzonus, Cuumurcu
Amuzonus, Sun Murtn
Cuumurcu
Cuumurcu
Lu Lbertud
Lu Lbertud, Sun Murtn
Ancush
Ancush
Huunuco
Ancush, Huunuco, Lmu
Huunuco
Huunuco
Huunuco
Huunuco
Huunuco
lusco
}unn, lusco
}unn
Lmu
}unn, Lmu
Huuncuvecu
Huuncuvecu
Apurmuc
Apurmuc
Apurmuc
Cusco, }unn, Lcuyu
Cusco
Cusco
Cusco
Cusco
Cusco
50,000
l,500
3,400
185
5,000
2,300
8,600
2l,000
5,800
l,530
5,070
l,800
396
24
850
l,200
335,000
4,350
6,500
490,550
ll,000
l2,200
9,378
36,200
6,045
7,500
l,360
7,l00
l3,600
29,500
5,000
l8,500
34,670
5,2l5
l35,675
35,967
356,370
93,700
5,070
98,786
267,l49
38,826
4,600
ll9,466
3l8,668
33,l00
340,000
6,830
78,420
l,735
220,000
4,777
5,200
l,200
l22,000
53,000
22,800
2l,800
23,900
l5,000
4,l00
l,600
3,635
38,200
2,425,000
70,800
32,592
35,200
2,800
3,800
3l2
The data compiled to identify IBAs in Peru comprises 1704 records of
393 bird species meeting different IBA criteria, corresponding to 22% of
the countrys avifauna. A total of 86 of 100 species of globally threatened
birds present in Peru meet IBA criteria within the network of sites. The
main exceptions are marine birds, especially threatened Albatrosses and
Petrels, given that the present inventory only includes terrestrial sites and
islands. 201 species restricted to the 16 EBAs and Secondary Areas are
represented in 99 sites as well as 308 biome-restricted species in 58 sites.
Compared to the 2005 IBA inventory, nine new sites were added to the net-
work in 2008, 14 have been rejected and 14 have been redefned, increasing
the total IBA area in the country by 902,170 ha (shown in Table 1). New
IBAs are located in the regions of Ancash, Piura, Lambayeque, Amazo-
nas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, San Martin and Arequipa. Sites have been
eliminated mainly due to taxonomic changes in species or redefnition of
boundaries. The least represented regions in the whole IBA network are
Huancavelica, Ayacucho, Abancay and Moquegua, whereas the best rep-
resented regions correspond to Madre de Dios, San Martin and Tumbes.
All ecoregions in Peru except two are represented in at least one IBA. Both
unrepresented ecoregions are found in geographical extremes of the coun-
try: Tumbesian mangroves in northwest Peru on the border with Ecuador;
and Solimoes-Japura humid forests in the northwest of the country, to the
north of the Napo and Amazon rivers, on the border with Colombia.















1










1



1
1
1









2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1

2
1
1





3
1
3
1

2
1
2
1
1
5


1
2




1
1


1
1
2
2
6

2
3
3
6
4
4
19
5

5
7
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X




X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X
X





X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X





X

X


X





X


























































PE092
PE093
PE094
PE095
PE096
PE097
PE098**
PE099
PE100
PE101
PE102
PE103
PE104*
PE105
PE106
PE107*
PE108
PE109
PE110
PE111*
PE112
PE113
PE114
PE115
PE116
uncem
Mnu lncu
Muruncuncu
Sundu
Vucon
Rums y Arupu |Lugo 1tcucu, sector leruuno)
Lugunu de Chucus
Lugunu Lmuyo
Lugo Lugunus
Lugunu Muqueru
Reservu Nuconu Sunus y Aguudu uncu
Covre
Corderu de Condor
Lrukusu
Moronu
Cuencu Ro Nunuy
Reservu Nuconu lucuyu Sumru
lurque Nuconu Corderu Azu
Reservu Comunu L Sru
Ato lurus
Munu
Los Amgos
Reservu Amuzoncu
1umboputu
uhuuu-Sonene
Cusco
luno
luno
luno
luno
luno
luno
luno
luno
luno
Arequpu, Moqueguu
luno, 1ucnu
Amuzonus, Loreto
Amuzonus
Loreto
Loreto
Loreto
Huunuco, Loreto, Sun Murtn,
Lcuyu
Huunuco, lusco, Lcuyu
Mudre de Dos, Lcuyu
Cusco, Mudre de Dos
Mudre de Dos
Mudre de Dos
Mudre de Dos
Mudre de Dos, luno
66,300
2,600
57,l00
39,400
2,200
52l,000
584
29,800
5,300
142
366,936
73,600
l,642,567
4,400
l44,600
354,000
2,080,000
l,353,l90
6l6,4l3
2,724,263
l,7l6,295
l42,000
7,700
274,690
l,09l,4l6
For information on trigger species at each IBA, see individual site accounts at
BirdLife`s Data Zone: www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/
Priority actions for thrcatcncd birds
cstabIishcd in Pcru
As purt o the rdLe lreventng Lxtnctons lrogrumme, u strutegy outnng prorty uctons or threutened brds
n leru vus druted. 1he proposu contuns u seres o uctons umed ut mprovng the conservuton stutus und
knovedge o threutened speces n the country. Actons proposed or euch speces or sute o threutened
speces |gven thut severu occur n the sume ureu) ure reuted to lAs gven thut most stes huve been desg-
nuted or severu threutened brds und thereore represent deu ureus to mpement the strutegy. lAs vth most
number o threutened speces ure Abru lutrcu - Ato Muyo |lL058), Corderu de Coun |lL056) und lurque
Nuconu Cerros de Amotupe |lL00l). 1he mpementuton o the strutegy hopes to provde urther knovedge o
leru's lAs us ve us threutened brds, enubng ntegru conservuton uctons to be mpemented or both.
1he Lndungered Long-vhskered Cvet |?LUVNSH\_SV^LY`P), dscovered n l976 und recenty seen ugun n the vd ut Abru lutrcu |lL058), s one o the speces thut muy benet rom
ths strutegy. lhoto: LCCAN
Box 1
Abru lutrcu - Ato Muyo |lL058). lhoto: Constuntno Auccu
3l3
leru
figurc 1. Locuton o lmportunt rd Areus n leru
3l4
lBAs providc bascIinc to sct rcgionaI prioritics
among conscrvation arcas
1he process o decentruzuton n leru hus gven regonu governments the opportunty to creute ther ovn systems o protected
ureus |knovn us regonu conservuton ureus). Settng conservuton prortes or stes vthn euch potcu regon rees on denty-
ng prortes or brds, mummus, punts, umphbuns und reptes, us ve us regonu nterests und cuturu vuues, umong others.
Cven ths rumevork, rdLe hus vorked vth regonu governments to recognze lAs ocuy us prorty ureus or brds, thus,
suvng regonu governments vuuube economc resources n the dentcuton o key stes. Moreover, gven thut lAs uso hod
other bodversty o conservuton nterest, they muy become key stes or u vder runge o tuxu, puvng the vuy or lAs to become
ormuy protected us regonu conservuton ureus.
A concrete exumpe o ths process vth u regonu government comes rom the 1umbesun regon, ncudng some o the most
threutened ecosystems n the country und vth one o the hghest counts o endemsm. A ont proect vus set up to estubsh
regonu conservuton ureus vth the ocu governments o 1umbes, luru und Lumbuyeque, unded by leru's protected ureu und
|lRClCNANlL) und l\ Lntvckungsbunk on behu o the Cermun Mnstry or Lconomc Cooperuton und Deveopment. 1he
proect dented sx prorty conservuton ureus, tvo o vhch concde vth three lAs und u urther ureu s uducent to unother
lA. ln 2009, techncu documents v be comped und presented to the Nutonu Stute lrotected Areus Servce to obtun ormu
protecton us regonu conservuton ureus.
Conversey, n the regons o Amuzonus, Cuumurcu, Sun Murtn und Lu Lbertud, betveen the Muruon vuey und the upper
cutchment ureu o the rver Muyo, ten stes vere dented us regonu prortes or endemc und threutened brds |Anguo et
u. 2008). 1hese regonu prorty stes served us the buss or proposng nev lAs und redenng others |pubshed n ths
drectory), vhch n turn, v be used us u buss or prortzng conservuton ureus or u vder group o tuxu
ut u regonu scue.
1umbes Hummngbrd
|3L\JPWW\ZIHLYP)
lhotos: Murruy Cooper
Box 2
Chupurr |lL0l9) n the 1umbesun regon
3l5
leru
Data sources
Regional IBA Directory (Franke et al. 2005).
Bird lists for Peru
www.perubirdingroutes.com/NewWebsiteBirds/Site/Common/documents/
Listadeaves_mplenge.pdf
SACC: www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.html
Contact information
Fernando Angulo Pratolongo (fernando.angulo@birdlife.org)
IBA and Threatened Species Offcer, Peru Program
BirdLife International
Calle Los Zafros LL - 13, Urb. Mirafores, Castilla
Piura, Peru
Tel. +51 73 348909 / 348914
My sincere thanks to all those people who contributed information to the process
of identifying and updating Perus IBAs. At the risk of omitting names, a special
thanks to the following people: Edgardo Aguilar, Jos lvarez, Constantino Aucca,
Katya Balta, Javier Barrio, Ronald Catpo, Ana Chunga, Vicente Cortz, Alex
Cruz, Gunnar Engblom, Judith Figueroa, Jeremy Flanagan, Juan Carlos Flores,
Irma Franke, Antonio Garcia Bravo, Diego Garca Olaechea, Mishari Garca,
Melvin Gastaaga, Oscar Gonzales, Edwin Gutirrez, David Kikuchi, Jose La
Torre, Ernesto Mlaga, Vctor Martnez, Ross McLeod, Alex More, Renzo Piana,
David Pineda, Manuel Plenge, Berioska Quispe, Neil Renwick, Luis Ros, Indra
Rodrguez, Tom Schulenberg, Nathan Senner, Diego Shoobridge, Noam Shany,
Alejandro Tabini, Trinidad Tapia, Alejandro Tello, Joe Tobias, Joaqun Ugarte,
Mauricio Ugarte, Jorge Valdez, Jaime Valenzuela, Jos Luis Venero, Jhonson
Vizcarra, Barry Walker, Rob Williams, Carlos Zavalaga, Horacio Zeballos,
William Zea and Renzo Zeppilli.
A special thanks is also due to those people who attended the IBA workshop
during the 7th National Ornithological Conference, held in Piura on 29 April 2008,
as well as to the organizers of the conference for providing this opportunity.
Many thanks also to Rob P. Clay, Ian Davidson, Christian Devenish, David Daz,
Santiago Llore, Amiro Perez-Leroux, Amanda Tapia and tala Ypez of the BirdLife
Americas Secretariat in Quito for their support and help during the process.
Finally, a sincere thanks to the Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad
Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and the authors of the Peru chapter in the
regional IBA directory (Franke et al. 2005), including all those mentioned in the
acknowledgements of this publication.
ANGULO, F., PALOMINO, W., ARNAL, H., AUCCA, C. & UCHOFEN, O. (2008) Corredor
de Conservacin de Aves Maran - Alto Mayo: Anlisis de Distribucin de
Aves de Alta Prioridad de Conservacin e Identifcacin de Propuestas de
reas para su Conservacin. Cusco, Peru: Asociacin Ecosistemas Andinos,
American Bird Conservancy.
BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL & CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (2005) reas Importantes
para la Conservacin de las Aves en los Andes Tropicales: sitios prioritarios
para la conservacin de la biodiversidad. Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife
International (BirdLife Conservation Series N 14).
BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2007) 2007 IUCN Red List for birds. http://www.birdlife.
org/datazone/species/
CDC-UNALM - CENTRO DE DATOS PARA LA CONSERVACION-UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL
AGRARIA LA MOLINA (2006) Anlisis de la Cobertura Ecolgica del Sistema
Nacional de reas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado. Lima, Peru: CDC-
UNALM, The Nature Conservancy.
CLEMENTS, J. & SHANY, N. (2001) A Field Guide to the Birds of Peru. California,
USA: Ibis Publishing Company.
CONAM - CONSEJO NACIONAL DEL AMBIENTE (2001) Per: Estrategia Nacional
sobre Diversidad Biolgica. Lima, Peru: CONAM.
FRANKE, I., MATTOS, J., SALINAS, L., MENDOZA, C. & ZAMBRANO, S. (2005) reas
importantes para la conservacin de las aves en el Per. Pp. 471-619 in
BirdLife International & Conservation Internacional. reas importantes
para la conservacin de las aves en los Andes Tropicales. Quito, Ecuador:
BirdLife Internacional (BirdLife Conservation Series N 14)
FRANKE, I. (2007) Historia de la ornitologa peruana e importancia de las
colecciones cientfcas de aves. Revista peruana de biologa 14(1): 159-
164.
MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA (2008) Clasifcacin de tipos de climas en el Per.
http://www.minag.gob.pe/el-clima/clasifcacion-de-climas.html/
PARKER, T. A., PARKER, S. A. & PLENGE, M. A. (1982) An Annotated Checklist of
Peruvian birds. Vermillion, USA: Buteo Books.
EL PERUANO (2004) Decreto Supremo N 034 2004 AG del 22 de Septiembre
de 2004. Categorizacin de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna Silvestre.
REMSEN, J. V., JR., CADENA, C. D., JARAMILLO, A., NORES, M., PACHECO, J. F.,
ROBBINS, M. B., SCHULENBERG, T. S., STILES, F. G., STOTZ, D. F. & ZIMMER, K.
J. (2008) Version 2008. A classifcation of the bird species of South America.
American Ornithologists Union. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/
SACCBaseline.html
SCHULENBERG, T. S., STOTZ, D. F., LANE, D. F., ONEILL, J. P. & PARKER, T. A.
(2007) Birds of Peru. Princeton, USA: Princeton University Press.
STATTERSFIELD A. J., CROSBY, M. J., LONG, A. J. & WEGE, D. C. (1998) Endemic
Bird Areas of the World: priorities for biodiversity conservation. Cambridge,
UK: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series N 6).
STOTZ, D. F., FITZPATRICK, J. W., PARKER, T. A. & MOSKOVITS, D. K. (1996)
Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. Chicago, USA: Chicago
University Press.
VALQUI, T. (2006) Per. Edn natural de aves. Natural Eden of birds. Lima, Peru:
Graph & Consult.
Many conservation projects, specifcally focused on birds and eco-
system conservation in general, have been implemented in IBAs. Site
management and project implementation has been strongest in IBAs
which are also protected areas and managed by the National State Pro-
tected Areas Service, sometimes in association with conservation or-
ganizations. However, in recent years, intense efforts by organizations,
individuals and researchers have been focused on bird conservation
actions in IBAs outside the National System of Protected Areas.
A tangible example of site conservation following IBA designation is
the project funded by the British Birdwatching Fair in 2004, promoting
the conservation of species in the north of Peru, such as the Endangered
Marvellous Spatuletail (Loddigesia mirabilis) and the Critically Endan-
gered White-winged Guan (Penelope albipennis) in the IBAs of Rio Ut-
cubamba (PE057) and Bosques Secos de Salitral - Huarmaca Olmos
(PE010), respectively, both of which currently lack formal protection.
lrortes or the lA progrum ncude
estubshng ormu protecton,
prortzuton und ncorporuton nto
government ugendus.
lostonng lAs us key observuton
ponts on brdng routes, provdes
exceent deveopment opportuntes
or communtes.
The IBA concept in Peru is relatively young and has only recently be-
gun to gather strength. Priorities for the IBA program should include:
1) creating formal protection for unprotected sites, given the many
and increasing threats; 2) basic research on many threatened species
in order to ascertain their real status; 3) priority setting among IBAs
to establish where most urgent action is needed; and 4) incorporation
of the IBA concept at central government level to ensure that IBAs are
considered within development plans at all levels.
Another opportunity for IBA conservation is to position sites as key
observation points on birding routes. PromPeru, the national Export
and Tourism Promotion Board, has recently begun a strong market-
ing campaign to publicize this type of tourism both within Peru and
abroad. Three main birding routes exist in the north, center and south
of the country, in which many key sites coincide with IBAs. This co-
occurrence provides excellent development opportunities for local
communities, which could help ensure site conservation.
3l6