INDEX

Bold locators are used for illustrations. Minor words are ignored in alphabetization of subheadings.
Acid Rock, hippie lifestyle, 95 Acid tests, happenings, 95 Ad Hoc Committee to End Discrimination, 52 Liberation of Downtown Palo Alto, 138 Oakland Tribune newspaper targeting, 54 Adbusters magazine, 1 Adorno, Theodor, 16 aesthetic modernism, Marshall Berman, 8 affinity groups, 131 affirmative action quotas, 21 Agit-Prop group, Sproul Hall, storming, 129 Alcatraz island, American Indian student activists, 1489 alternative culture, San Francisco, 39, 83, 168 American democracy, 18 American mass culture, 113 American New Left, 155 moral and political double standard, 17 American public life, supposed fracturing in 1960s, 21 anarchism, Paul Goodman, 63 Anderson, Chester see Communications Company Angry Young Men in Britain, 40 Ann Arbor campus, Michigan University, 28 anti-Americanism of New Left, 18, 21 anti-Chinese propaganda, 31 anti-communist crusader, Dr Schwartz, 30 anti-draft work, 127 anti-war movement draft movements, 77 marchers, legitimacy, 94 protesters, Oakland Army terminal, 66 party of the left in America, 11, 1278 anti-war third party, 29 Arendt, Hannah, influence of, 116 arrest of students or non-students, 27, 121 art critic, Robert Hughes, 21 art of the gun study, 143 Artists and Writers Union, 41 Artists Liberation Front (ALF), 93 establishment culture, challenge to authoritarian speech codes, 21, 16 Auto Row car showrooms, civil rights occupation, 53 avant-garde poetic regeneration, 40 Bachelard, Gaston, felicitous space, 116, 168 Baez, Joan, We Shall Overcome, 59 Bancroft-Telegraph free speech activity, restoration, 623 political campaigning, 556 Bancroft Way, Mediterraneum Cafe, 545 barbarians running the place, 22 Bay Area, 11 Be-In, 162 exceptionalism, 4, 25 exciting area, 77 mecca of Movement, 79 Bay Area Revolutionary Union SDS splinter group, 136 Beat culture in Haight-Ashbury, 82, 88 Beat Generation, 1950s, 39, 40, 43, 1012 bomb and boom generation, 106

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area Black Panthers, 16, 115, 1223 free medical clinic, 124 Panther communitarian ideology, 138 police slaying of Chicago Panther Fred Hampton, 1969, 126 black poor, needs, 109 black population in Bay Area, 29 Black Student Union (BSU), 13842 Third World Liberation Front strikes, 142 Blackboard Jungle, delinquent youth, 82 Bloody Thursday strike, 323 Blue Unicorn coffee shop, 108 Bohemian Club, 1872, San Francisco, 38 bohemian communalism, in Haight-Ashbury, 87 bohemian novelist, Ken Kesey, Merry Pranksters, 93 bonding, solidarity, communal consciousness, 64 boom economy, 110 Bouchier, David, sociologist, counter culture of 1960s, 111 bourgeois lifestyle innovation, cultural rebelliousness, 102 boycott committees, 75 Brecht, Bertolt, Baal, play staging, 91 Bridges, Harry, radical movement figure, 32 deportation hearings, 37 British New Left, 28 Brown, Norman, 98 Buena Vista Park, 99 Burns, Hugh see California State Committee on Un-American Activities, 1951 building liberation rally, 138 Cal Reporter, SLATEs newspaper, 44 California Communist Party, 32, 367 California State Committee on Un-American Activities, 1951, 37 Senator Hugh Burns, 51 Californian gold rush, 30 campus disruption, 28, 1378 capital punishment, demonstrations against 27 capitalism, need for Beats and hippies, 103 capitalist city segmentation, spectacular consumption, 49

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Beat poet, Lew Welsh, 111 beatniks as tourist sights, 84 beats and hippies, 98, 103 disengagement, 106 Beauvoir, Simone de, feminist, 85 Berkeley Barb, underground newspaper, 65 patriotic rifle worship, ironic, 121 Berkeley campus of University of California, 4, 11, 43 early 1960s, anti-war movement, 478 revolution possibilities, 7 student protest, campus rebellion, 5 underground, 81, 84 Berkeley Commune, 1968, 111, 132 Berkeley Free Speech Movement (FSM), 27 Berkeley Liberation Program, 154, 158 free territories, liberated zones, 155 peaceful marching to Park, 14952 spatial politics, 135 Berkeley radicalism, 28, 65, 67, 69, 155, 159, 168 Blueprint for a Communal Environment, 170 single issue types, 76 Berkeley Socialist Forum, 44 Berkeley student movement, University of California, 17 Berkeley Vietnam Day Committee (VDC) self promotion, 27 Berman, Marshall, 8 see also aesthetic modernism, Marshall Berman Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, 17 bible according to gays, 22 bible according to neo-Marxists, 22 Big Brother, 162 black clothes in Haight-Ashbury, 112 black colony within American nation, Black Panthers, 1234 black job opportunities campaign, 50, 54 black liberationists, 12, 22, 124 Black Nationalism course, 14041 Black Panther chief of staff, David Hilliard autobiography of Huey Newton, 123 Black Panther paper, Emory Douglas, 123 Black Panther Party for Self Defense (BPP), 23, 53 armed street patrols in Oakland ghetto district, 122, 124

Index casual sex, 84 censorship, opposition to, 93 Che Guevara guerilla tactics, 127 Chessman, Caryl, 27 execution, 45 see also capital punishment, demonstrations against Chicago Eight, 159 childrens playground, 1445 Chomsky, Noam, double standard criticism, 18 Citizens for a Democratic Society, 76 City Lights bookstore, 98 civil disobedience, 27, 52, 53, 57 civil liberties, Berkeley campus, Kerr Directives, 50 civil rights car showroom occupation, 53 cultural radicalism, 59 Free Speech Movement, 51, 567 civil rights movement, 14 class consciousness, 26 Cleaver, Eldridge, 20, 161 on urban geography need, 1256 Cleveland, Brad Letter to Undergraduates, 1964, 84 climate of West Coast of America, 289 Coit Tower murals, 35, 41 cold war, 18, 36 Collier, Peter our hand-me-down Marxism, 19 votes for Reagan, 18 Washington Post Magazine, 16 colonialism, internal, 121 commercialism in New York, 113 commercialism of hippies, 99 commodity fetishism, 1023 Communications Company dissident activists, 108 communications industry, 39 communism, 42 Communist influence in University of California, 434 Communist Labour Party (CLP), 31, 32 communist menace in San Francisco, J. Edgar Hoover, 467 Communist Party, 31, 67 activist on Negro employment, 53 in maritime industry, 36

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Communist Party of America (CPUSA), 5, 32, 44 abandonment of party, 37 leadership, underground, 36 revolutionary activity, 30 community control of police, demand, 1245 dissolution, 105 and geography, 64 organizing, 723 politics of, 26, 139 self-determination, 7 of the young, 634 Community Involvement Program, S. F. State, 140 computer fetishism, 110 computer industry partial origins in Bay Area counterculture, 103 concentration camps, psychopathology, 106 conflict and mutual destruction, 10 Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO), 36 Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 45, 567 conscientious objectors table, against Vietnam war, 121 Conservative Historians Forum, 20 consumer capitalism, 1314, 16, 1035 consumerism, increasing importance in Western world after Second World War, 81 consumers and non-consumers, 112 contacts with San Francisco, Freedom House, New School, 76 Coppola, Francis Ford, Apocalypse Now film, 92 Congress of Racial Equality, 52 Corso, Gregory, 39 Costanoan Indians, no land ownership, 148 Council for a Summer of Love, 110 countercultural 5, 1314, 157 counterculture, genesis of, 8199 1950s Bay Area, 38 counter-insurgency programmes, un-American, 18 Country Joe and the Fish, 14 Craven, Carolyn, 78

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area drug experimentation, LSD (acid) and music, 95, 97, 156 drugs and self-awareness, 160 drug-taking, criminality, 111 Du Bois Club San Francisco HQ black member, Tracy Simms, 523 bomb attack, 122 left-wing leadership, 52 member, 55, 67, 72 Duncan, Isadora, bohemianism, 38 Eastern mysticism, 95 ecology teach-in, support for Peoples Park, 148 Education Research and Action Project (ERAP), 73, 78 participatory democracy, 72 education system in America, 11 Equal Opportunity principles, 53 Erikson, Erik see inner and outer space, Erik Erikson exceptionalism in Berkeley, Bay Area Californian exceptionalism, 28 existentialism, bourgeois ideology, Norman Mailer, 106 Experimental College, S. F. State underground newspaper, Open Process, 140 Work Study Pilot Project, 140 expressive aesthetic, 14 fair hiring agreement, car dealers, 53 fair-housing ordinance, referendum defeat of, 51 fair labour practices, 52 false idols, worship of, 16 Family Dog Collective, hippies group, 88 Fascism, 125 Federal Writers Project, 35 feminist collective, New York, 103 feminists, woman as Other, 22, 85 Ferlinghetti, Lawrence bookstore, City Lights, 39 poetry, 41 fetishism of commodities, perversion of public life, 50 human relationships, 15 Fishermans Wharf commercialism, 34

Crawford, Max, The Bad Communist (1979), 137 Criminal Syndicalism Act Anita Whitney, communist arrest, 31 cultural alternative in California, 29 cultural dissolution, 21 cultural expression, rock music, 167 cultural heroes, Marlon Brando, James Dean, 102 cultural mediations in New Left politics, 91 cultural radicalism, 14, 815, 934, 1559 and gays, 102 cultural style, 1970s 12, 82 culture and politics of space, 67 culture and youth, 81 culture of narcissism, 50 culture wars and 1960s, 8 curfews, Telegraph Avenue, 133 cyclone fence, high around Peoples Park riots and deaths and injured, 146 Davis, Fred, sociologist, 105 Davis, R. G. arrest for staging an open-air play, 92 founder of Mime Troupe, 8991 dead public space, 4950 Dean, James, actor, crazy life, 106 Death of the Hippie Parade, 1967, 111 declension thesis, 10, 11 defeat of Berkeley radicalism, 1512 Democratic Party politics, 20 Dennis, Peggy and Eugene, active Communists, 36 Digger, Peter Berg, on liberation of people, 115 Diggers, 102, 156 on English radical tradition, 108 fuelled by parents world, 109 money burners, 108 utopia of bourgeois idealism, 110 Diggers Free City document, on guns, 115 Diggers Free Store, clothes free to black women, 109 disciplinary action for questioning teachers, 22 discriminatory hiring practices, 52 Diski, Jenny, 1960s in Britain, 13

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Index flower children to San Francisco, 86 Foucault, Michel ethic, care of the self , 15 freak culture, 155 Free City proposal, 109, 115 Free Fairs, Artists Liberation Front (ALF), 93 Free Food Program, community socialism, 124 Free Frame of Reference, 110 free spaces, 3 free speech, 119 campaign leader, Mario Savio, speech, 579 Free Speech Movement (FSM), 5, 1617, 29, 47, 50, 559, 61, 635, 734 occupation of Sproul Hall, liberated territory, 119 Peoples Park, Berkeley, 169 space in Berkeley, 623 free speech on campus, 12021 Free Student Union (FSU), 63, 74 Free Territories, youth enclaves, 1601 Free Universities, 91 Freedom House, 73 freedom in private life, demand for, 13 freedom of speech, 49 Freedom School classes music and non-violence, by Joan Baez, 59 Freedom Space twin towers in New York, 3 French dissidents, 132 French Situationist International pamphlet critique of student life and politics, 27 frontier capitalists in San Francisco, 30

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Gitlin, Todd (SDS president, 19634), 76, 142 Gleason, Ralph, 113 hippy happening, 88 Glucksmann, Andre, Parisienne spatial politics, 1968, 118 Golden Gate Bridge, 1937, 35 Golden Gate Park, 87, 89, 92, 99 Diggers free evening meals, 108 good-bye to all that, American left, 1920 Goodman, Paul, 63 see also anarchism, Paul Goodman Graham, Bill, Artists Liberation Front (ALF), 93, 111 Gramsci, resuscitation of, John Sanbonmatsu, 1415 Grateful Dead, Human Be-In Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, 1967, 164 Greek Theatre, Berkeley, 61 Greenwich Village, New York, 38 Greenwich Village radicals, 102 Gregory, Dick, black comedian, 27 guerilla theater, 1089 guerilla warfare struggles, 116 guns and ammunition, whites to supply blacks, 136 Gupta, Aran, on Occupy movement, 1 Guyanese society and politics, 15

Haight-Ashbury, 7, 8, 16, 76, 86, 88, 95 dynamic of decay, 1967, 110 gentrification, 87 in heights of San Francisco, 87 hippie community on alternative way of gang jargon, 130 life, 81 Garfinkle, Adam, Telltale Hearts (1997), 11 new shops, definition of community, 99 gay manifesto, 101 Haight-Ashbury hippie community, 101 see also Wittman, Carl Psychedelic Shop opening, 1966, 97 generation gap, 159 Haight Independent Proprietors (HIP), 108 ghetto self-rule, Black Panthers, 115, Hall, Edward, American anthropologist, 116 13031 Ginsberg, Allen, poet, 10, 413, 1057, 162, Hall, Stuart, British social theorist hippies as American moment, 86 1657 Hamilton, Clive on happenings, 165 neo-liberal reforms, 1980s, 1990s, 13 Howl and Other Poems (1956), 39, 106 turbo-capitalism, 13 Human Be-In, Golden Gate Park, 163 Harris, Davis, Stanford University student obscenity trial, 423 poem addressed to Hells Angels, 94 body president, 1966, 137

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area From Yalta to Vietnam, 17, 18 on inward-turning, 20 our hand-me-down Marxism, 19 politics of forgetting, 17 Ramparts, 17 votes for Reagan, 18 Washington Post Magazine, 16 House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 1953, 37 demonstrations, 29 hearings in San Francisco, 45 Operation Abolition, anti-communist speakers, 47 Houseboat Summit discussion Oracle record after Be-In, 1667 Howe, Irving, autobiography, 23 Hughes, Robert, 21 see also art critic, Robert Hughes Human Be-In, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, 1967, 162, 163 clothing and personal decoration, 162 hunger strikes at Berkeley, 45 Hutton, Bobby, killing of by police, 1968, 126 Hyde Park free speech area for students, 55, 62 industrial civilization priorities, 81 Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), 31, 41 Tom Mooney, Warren Billings, bombers, 31 inner and outer space, Erik Erikson, 117 inner space focus, 106 inspiration from Third World, Black Panthers, industrial working class, 156 International Days of Protest, Berkeley, 1966, 667, 11920 International Longshoremans and Warehousemans union (ILWU), 37 battle against redevelopment in San Francisco, 723 Harry Bridges, leader, 33 internationalist revolutionary movement, 23 invasion of Cuba, US-sponsored, demonstrations against, 51 Italian student movement, late 1960s political space in university, 118

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Hay, Harry, Mattachine Society, 1950, 32 Hayden, Tom, political radical, 21, 158 Democratic representative in California, 20 Free Territories in the Mother Country, 161, 169 Movement leading figure, 155 New Left leader, 158 Trial, 160 health insurance plan for students, 44 hedonism, 12 hegemony concept, 13 Hells Angels celebration of the machine, machismo, 94 Oakland motorcycle gang, 93 Hendrix, Jimi, 110 Hidden Community, 845 Hilliard, David see Black Panther chief of staff, David Hilliard hip community and political activists, 978, 162 hip culture, 28, 83 Hip Job Co-op, 108 hippie experience, community notions, 166 hippie paper, San Francisco Oracle, 98 hippie theatrical style, 89 hippies, 29, 34, 84 alternative way of life, 95 and Beat culture, 87 in Haight-Ashbury, opposition to bourgeois society, 99 Hire-a-Hippie Unlimited, 107 LSD, body painting, light shows, exotic costumes, sexual mayhem, freak-outs, deification of psychoticism, 95 subculture of American society, 86 hiring practices, discriminatory, Sheraton Place, Auto Row, 27 Hobsbawm, Eric, British New Left founder, 46 homosexual rights organization, Mattachine Society, 1950, 32 homosexuals, San Francisco as refugee camp for, 1012 Hoover, J. Edgar, on communist menace in San Francisco, 467 Horowitz, David The Free World Colossus (1965), 17

Index I-Thou Coffee Shop, poetry readings, 98 itinerant population of San Francisco, 30 Japanese rock gardens, 1445 jazz and rock music groups, 39, 42, 89 Jefferson Airplane, White Rabbit, 95 Jefferson Airplane, 1969, 96, 157 lead singer, Grace Slick, 96, 97 John Brown Speaks, critique of student radicalism, 143 John Reed Club, 41 Jonestown, 16 Joplin, Janis, 110 journalist exposing of revolutionary party action plans, including assassination, 137 Just Do It, Nike Corporation, 15 Kamstra, Jerry, novel on Beat Life in North Beach, 40 Katsiaficas, George unified world historical movement, 23 Kelley, Robin, Freedom Dreams (2002), 3 Kerouac, Jack, novelist, 39 The Dharma Bums (1958), 107 On the Road (1951), 39, 40, 93 The Subterraneans (1958), 43 Kerr, Clark, 56 Telegraph Avenue, like Paris Left Bank, 83 Kesey, Ken, 93 rally on university campus, on anti-war protesters, 93 see also bohemian novelist, Ken Kesey, Merry Pranksters KPFA radio station, as beacon of rationality, 39 Krebs, Maynard G., The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, 82 Kruschev and Hungary crises, 378 labour force of longshoremen, seamen, 41 labour movement, 1, 31 Lange, Dorothea, photographs, 356 language and revolution, revolutionary ideology, Bay Area, 115 Latin Quarter, Paris, 118

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Mailer, Norman, 106 Malcolm X, Berkeley Students for Racial Equality, speech invitation, ban, 1961, 501 mantra chanting, 162 Mao, Chairman, 2 Maoist group and Red Guard revolutionary party, 137 Marcuse, Herbert, on memory, 9 marijuana, 84, 97 maritime strike, 1934, deaths, 323 market dominance of rock music, 92 marketing and alternative living, 108

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley, 65 Leary, Timothy, 162 disbelief in political radicals, 166 Lefebvre, Henri, politics of space, 2 left in exaltation of corrupt regimes, 16 left terminology, 116 left-liberal humanism, 20 liberal financial support, spurning of, 93 liberal ideology, 44 liberal middle class in Bay Area, 29 liberated areas, 119, 124, 166 romantic projection, 1679 liberation schools, 142 liberty, 18 lifestyles, manufactured, 13 Literary Renaissance in San Francisco community radio station KPFA, 389 Paris of younger generation, 40 local populism for left, 26 localism, 26 Berkeley Liberal Program, 158 and regionalism, politics of New Left, 6970 London, Jack, bohemianism, 38 Longshoremens Hall Fishermans Wharf commercialism, 889 Los Angeles, open shop city, 4, 31 Los Angeles Communist Party, 37 love children in Haight-Ashbury, 162 Loyalty Oath for Professors, UC, 44 LSD (drug), legal until October 1966, 97 Lustig, Jeff, radical Free Speech Movement, 11617

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area Mumford Bill, 1965 non-students, keep off campus, 85 muralists, Public Works of Arts Project, 41 music and art, no commercial control, 160, 162 myth and reality, 11112 Naipaul, Shiva, 16 Black and White (1980), 15 narcissism, 16 National Farm Workers Alliance (NFWA), 75 National Guard for state of emergency patrols in streets, 28, 33 Sproul Plaza, 146 national identity in America, 25 National Liberation Front of Vietnam (NLF), 161 National Convention of Students for a Democratic Society 1963, 158 natural environment, distancing from, 104 Negro population of San Francisco, 523 Nelson, Ricky, The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, 82 neo-capitalism in America, 81 neoliberalism, 1980s, 13 new age consciousness, California, 15 New Deal coalition, liberal and labour forces, 36 New Left, 45, 7, 10, 18, 20, 166 activism in Bay Area, 47 community focus, Wini Breines on, 25 neighbourhoods, 26 publication, John Brown Speaks, role of blacks, 136 rejections of past, 20 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 2 Wini Breines on, 6 new McCarthyism, 1960s, 22 New York, bohemian life, 413 Newton, Huey, alleged murder of policeman, 126 non-students, beatniks, long hair, beards, 84 non-student tradition at Berkeley, 83 Northern Californian Induction Centre aim to stop operations, 128 sit-in and arrests, 128

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Marx, Karl, on California, 1880, 30 Marxism, 17, 19 Marxist millenarianism, 10 Marxist movement in political life of American city, 52 Marxist national movements, 23 Marxist-Leninist counterculture, 158 Mao Tse Tung thought, 124 organizations in America, 23 mass consumption, 26 mass culture, 82 mass sacrifice, 16 material consumption, 13 McCarthyism, 36, 37, 44 McLuhan, Marshall, 98 Mechanization and Modernization Agreement, 1960, 34 media sensationalism, 77 Melton, Barry, 14 Messianic cult behaviour, 12 middle-class unraveling, Daniel Bell, 1990s, 21 Midpeninsula Free University, 1378 militant anti-war demonstration, 27, 29 militant street action, Oakland, 1289 militant student movement, 1950s Bay Area, 38 Miller, James, Democracy in the Streets (1987), 2 Mills, Herb, longshoreman, critic, poet, 32 Mime Troupe, 1959, 29, 92, 93, 115 Brechtian realism, 89 commedia dellarte techniques, 89 ticketless theatre, 109 Mitford, Jessica, 37 mobile sculptures, 1445 Monterey Pop Festival, 110 moral degradation, 10 Movement, 25, 123 San Francisco Bay Area, 27 sloganeering, 11516 Mulford, Don, conservative Republican 1965 bill on students and non-students, 1223 multiculturalism transformation of educational priorities, 21

Index nostalgia for 1950s, 9, 12 nuclear devastation, psychopathology, 106 nuclear testing, protesting against, 157 Oakland base for Socialist Party, 31 Black Panthers, machismo leadership, 27 general strike, 334 march on induction centre, 1967, 27 Oakland Bridge, 1936, 35 Oakland Project, staff tensions, 74 Oakland Wall, 67 Occupy Wall Street, 12 oil workers, striking, 142 ownership of the streets, 130 Pacifica Foundation non-profit-making educational corporation, 39 pacifism and humanism, 39 Palo Alto, Silicon Valley, 54, 103 Panhandle, free food from frame Free Frame of Reference, 109 Parker, Charlie, Jazz saxophonist, crazy life, 106 parochialism, 26, 1523 Patchen, Kenneth, poetry, 41 Peace and Freedom Party, 124 peace candidates, 29 Pentagon demonstration, 27 Peoples Park, Berkeley, 1, 3, 5, 8, 1689 conflict, 28 fence down, 1972, 170 space ownership, 135 struggle, 16 symbolic significance, 1449 Peoples Park fence, Berkeley, 1969, 147 Peoples Temple, Guyana, 1978, 15, 16 Peoples World, Communist party paper, California, 378 picketing at Sheraton Palace Hotel, San Francisco, 523 Podhoretz, Norman, neo-conservatism, 21 poetry and jazz, 41 police control of geographical space, 118 Telegraph Avenue, 133 political activism, 159, 162

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Quicksilver Messenger Service, 162 race and sex, politically correct views, indoctrination, 22 racial conflict, absence of, 41, 45 racial discrimination prohibition, Berkeley fair-housing ordinance, 51 racism, sexism, homophobia, dogmatic line against, 21 racist police oppression, 122

political and cultural rebelliousness, 78 political bankruptcy, 10 political correctness (PC) on American campuses, 21 a new McCarthyism, 22 ruling campuses, 21 in university administration, 21 political disillusionment, 21 political radicalism, 79, 85, 94, 158 political space, 119 politicization of man, Robert Scheer, VDC activist, 157 politics of identity, 9 politics of play and festival, against consumerism, 93 politics of space, 2, 50, 81, 99 politics of street warfare, 143 pop idol typification, 82 pop music, rock music, 1967, 86 Port Huron Statement, 12, 156, 158 post-abstract expressionists, avant-garde, in Bay Area, 91 poster art, 98 post-modernism, 14 poverty, 16 Prairie Power group, 78 Preparedness Day Parade, bombing, 31 Print Mint (hip poster shop), 98 Progressive Labor (PL), 156 fighting, 135 psychedelic drugs effect of, 99 promotion of LSD, 95 psychedelic consciousness, 167 psychedelic promiscuity advocating, 97 Psychedelic Shop opening, 1966, 108, 111

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area Reynolds, Malvina, singer/song-writer, Free Speech, 59 rock band, the Grateful Dead, 162 Rivera, Diego, Mexican muralist, 35 Robbins, Tom, novelist, Haight-Ashbury as utopia, 11213 rock concert, Telegraph Avenue, 133 rock dance, 1965, 34 rock entrepreneur, 1960s, Bill Graham, 92 rock group, The Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, 92 rock magazine, Rolling Stone, 82 rock music, 29, 82 and drug usage, 95 role of public space, Carl Schorske on, 11617 Roosevelt public works programme, 35 Rorabaugh, W. J., historian, on property possession, 130 Rossman, Michael, psychological space, 119 Rubin, Jerry, 162 radicals dream, Bay Area, 1966, 29 Telegraph Avenue, 83 writings, 1968, 29 as Yippie, anti-war organizer, 12 rural communes, territoriality, 105 rural proletariat, 156 rural reclamation project for Telegraph Avenue, 1445 self-gratification, 16 San Francisco dissident enclave in America, 42 guidebook, 35 House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 27 Mime Troupe, office sharing, 76 Opposition, 76 Paris of America, 38 Parks Commissioner, 92 as refuge, Mecca, 105 regionalism, 30 union town, 312 San Francisco Bay Area, 4, 5 1960s and 1970s, 15 epicentre of dissent, 1960s, 1 European character, 40 radical tradition, 25 symbolic significance, 27

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radical feminist, black, gay student organizations, 2021 radical mysticism and anarchism, 42 radical politics, 84 radical social movements, 155 Radical Student Union (R.S.U.), 1523 radical theatre, R. G. Davis, 912 radical tradition of San Francisco, 30 radicalism in 1960s, 3, 5, 712, 15, 22 Ann Arbor, Madison, East Village of New York, 4 cultural and political, and positive, 223 expressive aesthetic, 14 libertarian cultural worldview, 13 self-hatred as cause, 19 radicalism in Stanford-Palo, 137 radio as vehicle for information and music, 98 rally, illegality of, 1968, riots, turf-battle, 12930 rally site, Telegraph-Haste intersection, 132 Reagon, Ronald, 16 campaign against radicalism, 1960s, 9 Governor of California, 122 Rebel Without a Cause, delinquent youth, 82 rebellious self, 107 Redding, Otis, 110 regionalism, 8 in Bay Area, 48 Reich, Charles The Greening of America (1971), 856 on hippies, 86 religious fundamentalism, Jim Jones, 16, 20 Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC), 44 Resistance, 29 revolutionary dreams of New Left, 122 Revolutionary Ecology Movement, 170 revolutionary ideals, American, 18 revolutionary ideology in Movement politics, 1968, 135 Revolutionary Union, on peoples park, 145 Revolutionary Youth Movement wing of SDS, 153 Weatherman faction, 156 Rexroth, Kenneth, 43 champion of San Francisco, 4041 on hippies, 107 literary renaissance, 39

Index San Francisco Employers Association Ad Hoc Committee, negotiations, 53 San Francisco Literary or Poetry Renaissance, 39 San Francisco Mime Troupe, Golden Gate Park, 1969 89, 90 San Francisco New School, 1964, 767, 91 San Francisco Opposition, Opposed to Everything, 71 San Francisco School of Design, 1890s bohemia in America, 38 San Francisco State College, 87 San Francisco State strikes demand for Black Studies Department, 13940 emergency regulations, 1389 San Francisco State educational programmes in 1960s, 140 Sandperl, Ira, peace activist, 59 Santa Rita Prison Farm, students, 59 Savio, Mario no division, between hippies and politicos, 165 restraint, 612 Scheer, Robert, VDC activist Campaign for congress, 67 Schlesinger, Arthur Jr, disuniting of America, 21 School of Ethnic Studies, demand for, 139 Schumacher, Michael, biography of Allen Ginsberg, 42 Students for a Democratic Society, 74 Bay Area, 78 National Convention 1963, 158 national office, two warring factions, 135 National Secretary, Greg Calvert, 11718 self determination, 12, 18, 1212, 160 and the University, 138 segregation, 50 self-analysis, perpetual states, 15 self-criticism, 19 self-defense for Black Community, 122 self-gratification, 12 self-pity, 11 self-reliance, encouragement, 93 sensation over experience, 12

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sense of community, University of California (UC), 61 Sexual Freedom League, in Haight-Ashbury, 88 sexual liberation, 42 shameful hypocrisy, 10 shops, I-Thou Coffee Shop, In Gear (hip outfittery), 98 Silber, Irwin, 103 Situationist-style capitalism, 15 Sixties, demonizing, 11 Sixties youth culture, 83 slogan, Dont Trust Anyone Over Thirty, 82 SLATE, liberal-left student organization Berkeley, 1950s, 32, 44, 45 recognition withdrawn by UC administration, 51 sleep-in, Sheraton Hotel, 53 small neighbourhoods, rural communes, 26 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee buttons, 88 Snyder, Gary, 41, 112 on Peoples Park, Berkeley, 148 Social Text journal, 20 Socialist Workers Party (SWP), 72 soulful socialism, 159 Southern Freedom Summer, 1964, 50 Soviet intervention in Hungary, 1950s, 37 Soviet totalitarianism, 18 space and community, 62 consciousness, Telegraph Avenue, 115 culture and politics of, 50 defence of, 2, 49, 54, 115 struggles over, San Francisco Bay Area, 1960s, 2 space denial, Bancroft-Telegraph strip student confrontation, 567 Space Revolution Dick Howard, New Left philosopher, 117 spaces, symbolic dimension Wall Street, Empire State Building, Grand Canyon, 3 Spartacus League, Marxist-Leninist sect, 136 spatial discourse, 2, 11617

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A Cultural History of the Radical Sixties in the San Francisco Bay Area Chicago headquarters, 78 Education Research and Action Project (ERAP), 72 investigations, calls for, 77 Old Guard, 79 regional office, 1965, 76 regional organizations system, 70 Richard Flacks on, 6 Todd Gitlin, Tom Hayden, Richard Miller, Maurice Isserman, 10 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and regional question, 6970 Students for Civil Liberties, SLATE members, 45 Students for Goldwater, 55 style as political issue, 104 subcultural experience, 1012, 104 suburbanization, 34 community decline, 49 Summer of Love, 107, 111 struggle, 16 suspicion of impersonal cities, 26 sweatshop wages, 108 Synder, Gary, 39 Tariq Ali, British New Left, 28 teach-in at Berkeley campus, 28 tear gas, street battles, 28 Telegraph Avenue, Oakland, 5, 7, 62, 115 Liberation Front, 1523 non-student subculture, hippies, street people, 85 radical community, 545 subculture, 143 Teller, Edward, bomb building, 62 Temple devotees, mass suicide and murder, 1516 Tenants Unions counter-institutions, 140 Tenured Radicals (1990), Roger Kimball, 22 territoriality, Bay Area, Berkeley, 7 The Closing of the American Mind (1996), Allan Bloom, 11 The New Barbarians, Daniel Boorstin, 12 Third World College, 1389 Third World Liberation Front (TWLF), 13940, 161 deification of, 1819 leaders at Berkeley, 143

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spiritual generation, Berkeley and San Francisco, 162 spiritual salvation, 20 Sproul Hall (Berkeleys Winter Palace), 556 building clearance by police, 5961 Joan Baez, Ira Sandperl, 1964, 60 occupation, 5961 Sproul Hall, Sproul Plaza, 62 Sproul Place, 1964, Mario Savio, speech, 58, 59 Stackpole, Peter, son of Ralph, Life photographer, 35 Stackpole, Ralph, Coit muralist and sculptor, 35 Stalin and communists, 16 Stanford Research Institute (SRI), 65 imperialist policies, 138 military industrial complex, 137 state of civil disaster, Telegraph Avenue, 133 Stein, Gertrude, bohemianism, 38 Stop the Draft Week (STDW), 1967 against Vietnam war, 127 Northern Californian Induction Centre, 1278 straight society suspect, 29 street battle violence, 131 street-fighting, 27 Movement politics, 115 streets for the people, 143 strike, 1948, 34 Strike committee Michael Rossman on space defending, 121 student demonstration, Black Friday, 456 Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 88 Clayborne Carson, 11 student radicalism, 45 student revolts, Paris, Columbia, 1968, 28 student strikes police occupation on campus, 138 San Francisco State College and Berkeley, 138 Students communist propaganda, 51 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 2, 4, 69, 723 anti-war movement, 79 Bay Area radicalism, 71 Berkeley campus, 1966, 267

Index strike at Berkeley for Third World people, 1412 Weatherman celebration, 18 Third World Revolutionaries, 130 Third Worldism, corrupt, 18 Thomas, Dylan, poet, crazy life, 106 Towards an Active Student Community (TASC), 44 trade unionism, 33 Trade Union Council, 31 Trips Festival, 1965, Longshoremens Hall, 1966, 34, 95, 113 multi-media event, 94 troop train protest, Berkeley, 1965 65, 66 Trotskyist Young Socialist Alliance, 130 Tutorial Program, San Francisco State, 140

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west coast longshore strike, 1934, Harry Bridges, leader, 32 West Coast of America clothing fashions, living styles, modes of speech, 28 weather, free spirit, youth emphasis, 29 white middle class Berkeley chauvinism Tom Hayden, Frank Bardacke, 151 white New Leftists, playing with guns, 122 white post scarcity ghettos, 159 whites role, defense of black liberation, 136 Whitman, Walt, visions of America, 39 Wittman, Carl, 101 Wolfe, Tom, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test (1969), 93 women and counterculture, 1012 women and gays, agents of change, 156 Women for Peace, off campus group, 121 underground culture, 41 womens liberation, 5 underground papers, 29 Woodstock Nation, 83 unions in San Francisco, 35 working class United Front (UF) of students, 556 artistic community, 41 universalism against particularism, 23 credentials, 159 university as knowledge factory, 567 culture, argot and habit, 102 urban guerilla warfare, 122, 1256 mobilization, 32 urban renewal, student housing, Berkeley, 51 radicalism, 34 urban spatial organization, 116 Works Progress Administration (WPA), 35 urban structures and parks, 160 Writers Project, 41 Vietnam Day, Berkeley campus, 1965, political space, 65 Vietnam Day Committee (VDC) 72, bomb attack, 122 community organizing, 75 rally, 120 top down organization, 76 Vietnam syndrome, 1970s, 9, 212 Vietnam veterans, apologies to, 21 Vietnam war, 11 Wall Street, occupation of, 1 war support from Bay Area, 65 Warhol, Andy, eastern cafe society, 113 Weatherman celebration, 130, 135 Weber, Max, 59, 105 Weinberg, Jack, arrest, 567 west coast importance to national movement, 73 west coast isolation, 76, 78 Yablonsky, Lewis, on hippie phenomenon, 111 Yippies, 15, 156 Young Democrats, 57 Young Republicans, 57 youth at centre stage, 81 youth culture, 156, 165 definition through music (rock, jazz, folk), 82 Murray Bookchin on, 111 transcendence of class divisions, 83 youth ghettoes, 155 youth idealization, 82 youth underground, 162

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Zen Buddhism, 42 Zen finance capital, 108 Zimmerman, Nadia, Counterculture Kaleidoscope (2008), 14 Zuccotti, Liberty Park, New York, 2012, 1