Chapter 1

Introduction

Biomass Power Plant

Chapter 1: introduction
1.1 Background and significance of the project
Electric energy is vital things to the economy system, human activities. It is important factors that effect to the progressive of the world. Also, Energy is a universal product that trading around the world. However, finding the power supply and energy use are requiring investing a lot. At now, in Thailand has rate of electricity consume increase rapidly in the same time in our country has electric energy do not sufficiency for demand of population in country. So, Thailand has to import electric energy from neighborhood countries in particular of peak period that used by population. The electric energy that imported from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodian which impact to cost of electricity in Thailand are expensive. Moreover, Thai government supported private company to construct the electricity-factory for meet to sufficiency demand of population. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand said that In 2013, Thailand face to lack of reserve electric problem which it can effect to stability of energy in Thailand. According to Suthasana said that In 2012, have trend to use electricity grow up to 8% but even estimated will increase 4-5 %. Therefore, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand supports private company to invest in electricity factory. (http://www.egat.co.th/images/stories/annual/reports/2554/annual2011_eng_p86.pdf) Thailand has extensive agriculture made with remaining materials from agriculture such as chaff, molasses. So, biomass electricity uses remaining raw materials from other agriculture as a fuel to produce electricity commercially. The foundation of biomass electricity factory cause does not accept the electric coal and nuclear more in Thailand. That increase in natural gas more. Because has the material is fuel already that supporting in biomass electricity factory more useful in this country. In addition to use the fuel in owner country that reduces buying from another country.

Source: http://www.egat.co.th/images/stories/annual/reports/2554/annual2011_eng_p86.pdf

Source: Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand 2012

Figure: shown the peak period that most used in electric energy per days.

Source: http://www.eppo.go.th/power/power2554.pdf

Source :

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand 2012

Cost of produce electric energy

Cost per unit Solar energy Wind wheel Garbage Biomass Nuclear Coal Gas Existing Marginal Gas Baht per Kwh* 12.5 5.2 3-5 3-3.5 2.79 2.94 3.96 4.34

Source: Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand 2

Compare labor cost

Minimum Wage (Baht) 300

Province Bangkok, Nakorn Pathom, Nonthaburi,

Pathum Thani, Phuket, Samut Prakarn, and 273 269 265 264 259 258 255 254 252 251 250 246 244 243 241 240 239 237 236 234 233 232 Samut Sakorn Chonburi Chachoengsao and Saraburi Phranakorn Sri Ayuddhaya Rayong Phang Nga Ranong Nakorn Ratchasima and Prajeenburi Lopburi Kanjanaburi Chiangmai and Ratchaburi Chanthaburi and Petchburi Songkhla and Singburi Trang Nakornsrithammarat and Ang Thong Chumpon, Patthalung, Loei, Satun

and

Srakaew Prajuabkirikhan, Yala, Samut Songkram and Surat Thani Narathiwat, Udon Thani and Ubon

Ratchathani Nakorn Nayok and Pattani Trad, Buengkal, Lampoon and Nong Khai Kamphaengpetch and Uthai Thani Kalasin, KhonKaen, Chainart and SuphanBuri Chiangrai, Nakorn Sawan, Buriram, Petchaboon, Yasothorn, Roi-ed and Sakon Nakorn Chaiyaphoom,

230 229 227 226 225 223 222

Mukdaharn,

Lampang,

Sukothai and Nongbualampoo Nakorn Panom Pichit, Phitsanulok, Phrae, Mahasarakham, Mae Hong Son, Amnartcharoen and Utraradit Tak and Surin Nan Srisaket Phayao
5

Source: Ministry of labor in Thailand, April 2012

Number of sugar industry in North.

Name Sugar Industry

THIP SUGAR KAMPANGPETCH

Province Lampang Sukothai Uttaradit Uttaradit Phitsanulok Kamphaengpetch Kamphaengpetch Nakorn Sawan Nakorn Sawan Petchaboon

THIP SUKOHAI SUGAR INDUSTRY THAI IDENTITY SUGAR INDUSTRY UTTARADIT SUGAR INDUSTRY PHITSANULOK SUGAR INDUSTRY KAMPHAENGPETCH SUGAR INDUSTRY NAKHONPETCH SUGAR INDUSTRY RUAMPHOL NAKHONSAWAN SUGAR INDUSTRY KASET THAI INDUSTRY SUGAR INDUSTRY THAI ROONG RUANG SUGAR INDUSTRY Source: Office of the Cane and Sugar Board

Location of Biomass Power Plant

We have two alternative are Uttaradit and Nakhonsawan to be Biomass Power Plant. Finally, we choose Uttaradit to be Biomass Power Plant because;

Uttaradit has two sugar industry and near province (Sukothai , Phitsanulok ) also have sugar industry. Uttaradit has labor cost rate cheaper than Nakhonsawan.

1.2 project objective

To study information of power plant and to know the problem about scares of electric power in Thailand To study feasibility for open Biomass power plant in Uttaradit province. To study and analyze that why each of private power plant can produce an electric power to little. To study problem, opportunity, weakness and strength of power plant. To study of feasibility of financial and analyze risk of Biomass power Plant in Uttaradit province.
6

To study in power plant problem that effect to local community.

1.3

Benefits of projects
To know history, problem of power plant, and community problem. To know about risk and financial of power plant. To know about advantage and disadvantage of each type to be material for producing the electric power. To know how to planning and investment in power plant. To solve problems that occurs in study project.

1.4 Frame work