Professional Documents
Culture Documents
11
2008
1/12
11
.
; .
2/12
11
1. ....................................................................................4
2. . ..........................................5
3. ...................................................................6
4. .................................................................................7
5. .........................................................................................................9
....................................................................................................11
3/12
11
1.
. 2 1. 5
2. 800,
3 3.
( , ) 4 5.
,
.
. ( , Le Goff) 6. ,
. , 7.
.
. , . , 1 .: , , 1999, .
22
2 Le Goff, Jacques: , ,
1993, . 39
3 Le Goff, . 49
4 Bernstein Serge, Milza Pierre: -
, , 1997, . 46
5 , . 23
6 Le Goff, . 44
7 , . 23 - Le Goff, . 51
4/12
11
.
,
, 8.
2. .
North 9. ,
.
10. ,
,
.
11. ,
, .
,
, Nicholas12.
,
,
13. ,
8 , . 24-25
9 North, Douglass: , ,
2000, . 203
10 Bernstein-Milza, . 103
11 , . 26-27
12 Nicholas, David: , ...., 2000, . 197
13 Le Goff, . 76
5/12
11
.
. , 9
14. , , 15.
, 16.
3. .
Le Goff 17. , '
. North
-
18. ,
19. , 9 20.
. ( )
(milites). , ,
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
.., . 78-79
Bernstein-Milza, . 103
Le Goff, . 79
.., . 73
North, 218
Le Goff, . 76
.., . 78
6/12
11
21.
4. .
11 22, ' :
(oratores), (milites bellatores)
23 (laboratores). -
24. Le Goff
, , .
25.
26,
.
,
27 - 11 28.
.
29.
.
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Bernstein-Milza, . 112
, . 42
Bernstein-Milza, . 119
, . 45
Le Goff, . 132
.., . 133
Bernstein-Milza, . 119
, . 42
Bernstein-Milza, . 119
7/12
11
, .
.
, , .
, ,
.
, 30. '
,
, .
31.
. - ,
32. ,
.
.
,
(
) 33.
,
34. North
- . ,
, 35.
: 30
31
32
33
34
35
, . 42-43
Bernstein-Milza, . 113-115
, . 45
Bernstein-Milza, . 117-118
, . 47
North, 211
8/12
11
, .
,
.
36. North,
37.
5.
.
.
38.
,
,
.
, , .
, 39.
:
36
37
38
39
, . 47
North, 210-211
.., . 217
.., . 213
9/12
11
40. , .
14 .
,
( ) 41.
, 42.
,
, , . ,
.
, . ,
.
40 .., . 219
41 .., . 215
42 , . 57-59
10/12
11
.: ,
, 1999
Le Goff, Jacques: ,
, 1993
Bernstein Serge, Milza Pierre: -
,
, 1997
North, Douglass: ,
, 2000
Nicholas, David: , ....,
2000
11/12
11
: , ,
:
.
(
).
.
.
. ,
.
,
.
.
.
12/12