SHREE GANPATI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering GZB.

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Project Title: Design of wideband Microstrip Patch antenna. Team members: 1. 2. 3. 4. Mahendra kumar verma Amit pal Dushyant sharma Manvendra singh Roll. No. 0921531041 0921531010 0921531030 0921531045

What is Antenna
An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio reciever.

Types of Antenna
1. Wire antenna 1.1 Short dipole antenna 1.2 Dipole antenna 1.3 Half wave dipole antenna 1.4 Broad band dipole antenna 1.5 Monopole antenna 1.6 Folded dipole antenna 1.7 Small loop antenn 2. Microstrip patch antenna 2.1 rectangular patch antenna 2.2 Planner inverted F-antenna 3. Reflector Antenna 3.1 Corner reflector 3.2 Parabolic Reflector (dish antenna 4. travelling wave antennas 4.1 Helical antennas 4.2 spiral antenna 4.3 Yagi-Uda antenna 5. Aperture antenna 5.1 Slot antenna

5.2 Cavity backed slot antenna 5.3 Horn Antenna 5.4 Slotted Wave guide antenna

Microstrip Patch Antenna

A patch antenna (also known as a rectangular microstrip antenna) is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or "patch" of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane. The assembly is usually contained inside a plastic randome which protects the antenna structure from damage.

Advantages of Microstrip Patch Antennas

1. Light weight and Smaller size. 2. Lesser volume. 3. In view of their conformal structure of low profile planner configuration they can be easily modeled to any desired shape and hence can be attached to any surface. 4. Their fabrication process are simple, production is easy, and the fabrication cost is low, and thus they can be manufactured in large quantities. 5. These can support linear as well as circular polarization and are capable of dual and tripple frequency operations. 6. They are mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces. 7. With the microstrip antennas it is easy to form large arrays with half wavelength or lesser spacing.

limitations of Microstrip patch antenna

Microstrip antenna suffer from a number of disadvantages as compared to convensional antennas. 1. These are low bandwidth,low efficiency and low gain antennas with low power handlind capacity. 2. Design complexity enhanced due to theirv smaller size. An effort to improve their bandwidth,which is usually limited to 1 to 5% result in additional complexity. 3. These antennas also suffer from the effect of radiation from feeds and junctions. 4. Excitation of surface waves.

Applications of microstrip antennas

Application
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Automatic toll collection Cellular phone Cellular video Collision avoidence redar Direct broadcast satellite Global positioning satellite GSM

Frequency
905 MHz and 5-6 GHz 824-849MHz and 869-895 MHz 28GHz 60GHz, 77GHz,and 94GHz 11.7-12.5GHz 1575MHz and1227 MHz 890-915Mhzand 935-960 MHz

8. 9. 10. 11.

Paging Personal communication system Wide area computer network Wireless local area network

931-932 MHz 1.85-1.99GHz and 2.18-2.20 GHz 60 GHz 2.40-2.48 GHz and 5.4GHz

Parameters of Microstrip Patch antenna

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Radiation pattern Beamwidth Gain Bandwidth Quality factor Efficiency Polarization Return loss