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Words and expressions for joining sentences:

And But So Although / Though / Even though However Like Neither Neithernor Nevertheless / and yet / still As / because / since Because of I pulled the trigger. The gun went off. He was angry. He listened to me patiently. I went home. He went home, too. He had only entered the contest for fun. He won first prize. I pulled the trigger and the gun went off. He was angry, but he listened to me patiently. I went home. So did he.

(Al)(even)though he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize. Everyone played well. Everyone played well. We lost the game However, we lost the game. He fought like a madman He did not come. She did He did not come. Neither not come, either. did she. Latifa did not attend the Neither Latifa nor Karim lesson. Karim did not attended the lesson attend the lesson, either. The old system had its The old system had its flaws. It was preferable to flaws. Nevertheless, / and the new one. yet, / still, it was preferable to the new one. I left a message. I left a message as / You were not there because / since you were not there. He walked slowly. He walked slowly He had a bad leg. because of his bad leg. I have given him the key to / so as to / in order to get into the house whenever he likes. ..so that / in order that he can get into the house

(not)to / so as (not) to / in I have given him the key. order (not) to He can get into the house so that(not) / in order whenever he likes. that(not)

I dont let him climb trees In case he tears his trousers. For fear that / lest He did not want to leave the house for fear that / lest someone should recognize him. Therefore / so It was too dark to go on. Therefore / so we decided to camp there. Sothat / suchthat Their dog was fierce. No Their dog was so fierce one dared come near the that no one dared come house. near the house. They had such a fierce dog that no one dared come near... No soonerthan / The performance had The performance had Barelythan / begun. The lights went no sooner begun than the Hardlythan / out lights went out. Scarcelythan barely begun when hardly begun when scarcely begun when.. In spite of / despite She was wealthy. She In spite of / despite her could not get married to wealth / being wealthy, any one. she could not get married to any one. However / no matter how You drive carefully. However / no matter how Youll probably have an carefully you drive, accident. Youll probably have an accident. Without She left the classroom. She left the classroom She did not ask without asking permission. permission. Before After Instead I made a decision. I had Before I made a decision, thought carefully about it. I had thought carefully about it. I had my lunch. I went After I had had my lunch, out to buy a newspaper. I went out to buy a newspaper. Lets play cards. I dont Lets play cards instead want to watch TV any of watching TV.
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In case

I dont let him climb trees. He may tear his trousers. He did not want to leave the house. He was afraid that someone could recognize him. It was too dark to go on. We decided to camp there

They know the painting is a forgery; moreover / besides / furthermore / In addition, They know who painted it. Especially / particularly / I love the country. I love I love the country, chiefly it in spring. especially / particularly chiefly in spring. Not only..but..also / He teaches in a state He not only teaches in a Not only..but..as well school. He gives private state school, but he also lessons, too. gives private lessons. He not onlybut he givesas well. While He was watching TV. He While he was watching fell asleep. TV, he fell asleep. In contrast Their system is modern. In contrast with their Ours seems very oldsystem, ours seems very fashioned. old-fashioned. To crown it all It was cold and raining, It was cold and raining, and we had to walk and, to crown it all we home. had to walk home. whereas We thought she was We thought she was arrogant. In fact she was arrogant. Whereas, In fact just very shy. she was just very shy When He saw me. He waved. When he saw me, he waved. As He grew older. He lost As he grew older, he lost interest in everything. interest in everything. Except / apart from Couscous is the only Moroccan dish I dont like to eat. He drives carelessly. He often has accidents. The man was very kind.
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longer. Both.and. Kamal speaks English. Meriem speaks English, too Moreover / besides / They know the painting is furthermore / in addition a forgery. They know who painted it.

Both Kamal and Meriem speak English.

Consequently / as a result Who

I like to eat all the Moroccan dishes except Couscous. Apart from couscous, I like all the . He drives carelessly. Consequently / as a result He often has accidents. The man who showed me

He showed me the way. which The knife is very sharp. We cut the bread with it.

the way was very kind.

The knife which we cut the bread with is very sharp. Whose The woman telephoned The woman whose car the police. Her car was was stolen telephoned the stolen. police. As soon as He left when he heard the He left as soon as he news. heard the news. Regardless of The club welcomes all The club welcomes all new members no matter new members regardless how old they are. of how old they are. As long as / on condition We can play provided We can play as long as that that it doesnt rain. it doesnt rain. We canon condition that it does not rain. to make matters worse Peter is stupid. He Peter is stupid. To make aggravates his situation matters worse, he often by skipping classes. skips classes. On the one handon the I want to travel; and yet On the one hand I want to other hand I dont want to give up travel, but on the other my job. hand I dont want to give up my job. Owing to / on account of The game was cancelled Owing to / on account of Because of / due to because of torrential rain. due to torrential rain, the game was cancelled. Also I repair bicycles. I can I repair bicycles. I can repair motorcycles, too. also repair motorcycles. Thanks to The trip was enjoyable Thanks to the fine because of the fine weather, the trip was weather. enjoyable.

Practice
Join the following pairs of sentences using the conjunctions given in brackets: 1. The play on the radio was not amusing. It was not interesting. (neither..nor) 2. Hurry up or you will be late. (otherwise) 3. I received your fax. I also received your e-mail. (both..and) 4. We must score two more goals or we will lose the match. (if not)
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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

I forgot my umbrella. I had to return home. (so) Hassan bought a new house . He has furnished it beautifully. (which) My sisters friend came to see me. Her parents died last year.(whose) Is he your friend? Did you go to the cinema with him yesterday? (who) It is a good film. It would be a pity to miss it.(such..that) I have many friends abroad. I cannot write to all of them.(so..that) I did not tell him the truth. I was afraid I would hurt his feelings. (as) He is sure he will fail in the exam. He has not worked hard. (since) I ran quickly. I did not want to be late. (in order no to) He went to the library. He wanted to borrow a book. (to) The student asked the teacher a question. He wanted to understand the lesson better. (so..that) 16. He plays well. He is still not good enough for the football team. (in spite of the fact that) 17. We went on an excursion. The weather was terrible. (even though) 18. She speaks French well. She has never been to France. (and yet) 19. He will get angry when he hears about this. (as soon as) 20. They will go on holiday the moment the weather improves. (when) 21. She wont succeed if she does not review her lessons. (unless) 22. He drove carefully. He had an accident. (no matter) 23. We shall make an early start because there may be a lot of traffic on the road. (lest) 24. He stood in front of the girl. He thought the dog might attack her. (in case) 25. I do not drink much orange juice. My sister does not, either (nor) 26. Kate did the exercise. Her classmates did it, too. (so) 27. She did not come to school. She visited her friend at the hospital. (instead of) 28. He runs fast. Nobody can catch up with him. (such..that) 29. He wont go to the wedding if he isnt invited. (unless) 30. He came home very late. He shouted at his wife. (to make matters worse) 31. She is a good cook. She sometimes uses a lot of salt. (except that) 32. You can come on Monday. You can come on Tuesday. (either..or) 33. I did not understand the lesson. My friend Kamal did not, either. (neither..nor) Join the following sentences with suitable linking words. Make any necessary changes: 1. 2. 3. 4. He told me to leave. He told me never to call again. You have not understood the question. I will repeat it. It is raining heavily. I will not go out. Youd better not stay too long. I have a lot of work to do.
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5. Tell him I have left. I dont want him to trouble me again. 6. I went into the shop. I wanted to buy a watch. 7. I wrote to him several times. I received no answer. 8. The thief drove quickly out of town.. He did not want the police to catch him. 9. He went into the room quietly. He did not want to disturb his brother. Rewrite the following sentences in a different way: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. I cant buy anything if you dont give me the money. Many years ago, there was a farm at the back of our school. Now there are houses. Until a few weeks ago, I always wrote letters to my friends. Now I phoned them. Although they are best friends, they are very competitive. She is a very talented pianist, and yet she finds it difficult to play in public. There was nothing suspicious in his behaviour, however, I did not really trust him We were in Chicago for one day, and yet we had a great time. Although he had told her that their relationship was over, she still thought they could get back together again. They recognised him despite his disguise. Hes a very kind person in spite of his appearance. I wanted to play football, and yet, I did not wake up till midnight.

Use a suitable linking word. 1. .they did not wish to buy anything, they went out of the shop. 2. .she only speaks a little French, she managed to travel around France easily. 3. Hassan has not much free time.he manages to play tennis twice a week 4. There was nobody on the beach.the lifeguard. 5. .he disliked fish, we gave him roast chicken. 6. She was unable to walkshe used a stick. 7. She did not think about it.I reminded her. 8. .her sadness, she agreed to go dancing. 9. I had nothing for lunch..an orange. 10. He did not remember his passport.he got to the airport. 11. Hamburgers and hot dogsare among the most famous American types of sandwiches in the world. 12. The club welcomes all new membersage.
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13. how tired he is, he carries on working. 14. They know the painting is a forgerythey know who painted it. 15. I dont really like the colourits more than I can afford. 16. In the past, some men used to treat womenslaves. 17. the fog, the car race was adjourned. Use suitable linking words to complete the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. Hes out of the countryhes unable to attend the meeting. She likes himhe can be annoying at times. She wanted to go to the mountains.the weather was beginning to improve. 4. The old system had its flaws.it was preferable to the new one. 5. Ill get there...I have to walk all the way. 6. Malika has not written to me.she went to Canada. 7. I met him.he was coming out of school. 8. Hes treated you badly.hes your brother and you should help him. 9. Old people should keep warm.they find it difficult to move. 10. All the students did wellBrahim who got very bad marks. 11. She trained hardshe failed to reach her best form. 12.she felt dead tired, she went to work and tried to concentrate. 13. The company went bankrupt.many workers were laid off. 14. I want to take a long holidayI dont want to give up my job. 15. My car broke downI arrived late. 16.we are early, lets have a drink first. 17. You cant expect him to know the story.he has not read it yet. Use suitable linking words: 1. You cannot go outyou wear your raincoat said the mother to her son. 2. Here in Casablanca, housesoverlook the sea cost more. 3. We had.got out of school..it started to rain. 4. It wasgood weatherwe lay on the beach all day 5. I have no coffee. Would you like tea? 6. .he saw her, he hugged her and said that he would never forget her. 7. He disguised himselfhe should be recognised. 8. I feel dizzy today because I spent a whole nightsleep 9. The people..called yesterday wanted to buy the house said the maid. 10. The old generation did not care a lot about the environment..This generation has made it a focus of attention.
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11. I detest that hotel because it iscomfortable.spacious. 12. The flowers arebeautifulit is a shame to pick them up. 13. It was dark and cold, and..I missed the last bus home. 14. Kamal and Hassan are at the faculty..study English. 15. Shespeaks Italian well, but she knows two other foreign languages. Use suitable linking words to complete these sentences: 1. She never went on a dietshe has lost a lot of weight lately. 2. You must respect the law.who you are. 3.how high the mountain was, they managed to climb it. 4. She has been eating so much junk food for years,..she has become very obese. 5. The people at the hotel were..interesting..it was a pleasure to meet them. 6. It was a..complicated plan..we couldnt understand it. 7. the manager is very irritable, his secretary still respects him. 8. her beauty, she did not attract people. 9. Take an umbrellait rains. 10. I have packed it in a strong box.someone should drop it. 11. He was unarmed.he took the gun away from the robber. 12. It was bad weather.the players were obliged to postpone the match. 13. massage..injections have alleviated the poor mans sufferings. 14. his hearty appetite, he remains as thin as a rake. 15. I warned him, he persisted in his folly. Begin with the words given. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. We went swimming in spite of the rain. Although The trains were late due to bad weather. Because. He broke the teapot because of his laziness. Because She left early in order to catch the train. She left early so that. Shes brought an umbrella. She thinks it may rain later. Shes brought an umbrella in case. He offered her a sandwich. She was very hungry. She accepted the offer.
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7. 8. 9.

He offered her a sandwich. She was so.. Kamal likes music. Latifa likes music, too. Both. Peter enjoyed playing the piano. Mary enjoyed playing, too. Peter enjoyed playing the piano and so.. They had a terrible fight. Still, they decided to get married. They had a terrible fight. Nevertheless,..

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11

The First World War Match the following words with their synonyms. 1. Kill 2. Fire 3. Conflict 4. Invade 5. Defeat 6. Victory 7. Involve 8. Support 9. Supplies 10.Reach 11.Surrender 12.Agreement 13.Retreat 14.Expand 15.Alliance 16.Procession a) Provisions b) Coalition c) Give in; lay down the arms d) Attack; march into e) Murder; slaughter f) Draw back g) Engage; implicate h) Triumph I) Shoot j) Overthrow k) Arrive at; attain l) Spread out m) Help or encouragement n) Disagreement o) Accord p) Convoy

Fill in the gaps with words from the table above. Make any necessary changes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Aids.thousands of people every year. The two hijackersto the police when they realised that the plane had been surrounded by hundreds of commandos. The powerful army obliged the terrorists to.behind their lines. Thousands of football fans.the pitch when the match was over. Recently Morocco has signed an agreement with Japan. This agreement states clearly that the Japanese firms should send.of electronic devices over a four- year period. The European countries are seeking to get stronger through Children like to hear storiespirates and buried treasures. He started his life as a shoemaker, but soon his businessand his

6. 7. 8. little modest shop became a factory. 9. All people stood up when the funeralpassed near them. 10. Paul was sentenced to death after he had.at six schoolboys. 11. The company is providing financial.for the invention of new ways to improve the workers safety conditions. 12. Youll understand these things when youmy age said the mother to her son.
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Every two of these words go together to form collocations. Which goes with which? 1. Political 2. Border 3. Commercial 4. Food 5. Public 6. Peaceful 7. Take a) domination b) transportation c) revenge d) world e) shortage f) disputes g) relations

Complete the following sentences with the new words you have just formed. Make any necessary changes. 1. 2. Russia still exerts some.on the former Soviet countries. When she intends to travel to far-away places, she often takes the She thinks that the trip, by such means, usually turns out to be much cheaper than taking the car. 3. One of the aims of the United Nations is to reconcile the countries different political views, and create a quiet atmosphere among nations so that people can enjoy a .. 4. Colonialism has always been considered as the direct cause ofamong countries. During the occupation, the invaders main objective was to redefine the borders of any country to facilitate the raw material exploitation. 5. Morocco has recently signed many documents with foreign Ministers. These documents are meant to promotewith these countries and abolish the customs taxes. 6. Many people believe that there will be ain the year 2050. They base their speculations on the fact that scientists cannot keep inventing gene-transformed food. As many biologists have come to the conclusion that such food may be behind cancer. 7. During the Second World War, many French people.against the Nazi Germans who had decapitated hundreds of French nationalists and slaughtered thousands. Supply the noun form.
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1. Invade Shoot 6. Arrive 11. Engage

2. Expand

3. Murder

4. Implicate 9. Revenge

5. 10. Help

7. Slaughter 8. Attain

Minorities Match the following words with their definitions.

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Item

Definition

1. Fend for a) make ones permanent home in a place 2. Host b) person receiving people as guests 3. Cosmopolitan c) treating a person differently (usually worse) than others 4. Ethnic d) without the benefits of adequate food, houses.. 5. Deny e) to prevent sb from having sthg they want. 6.Refugee f) to support and care for 7. Unskilled g) unemployed 8.Multi-racial h) containing or influenced by people from all over the world society 9. Settle I) of or involving a nation a racethat has a common culture 10. Prejudice j) not good enough for a particular purpose 11. Discrimination k) centres for finding new people to join a company 12.Racism l) a person who has been forced to leave his country. 13. Jobless m) unfair treatment or dislike of sb as they are of a different race 14. Inadequate n.) sb needing special skill or training 15.Recruitment o) dislike of sb based on fear or false information centres 16. deprived of p) groups of people having different cultures, languages..

Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the table above. Make any necessary changes. 1. 2. 3. Many years ago, women were.the opportunity of having a career. The .workers were the first to be sacked during the years of the depression. Its time you left home and learnt to.yourself said the father to his son. There was a steady flow of Palestinian.. from the war zones last year. The company has set up new.. to renew its staff. Italy has been a ..country for lots of Moroccan immigrants. The safety precautions are totally we have to purchase a new

4. 5. 6. 7. alarm system said the manager. 8....is when you distrust a person on the basis of false information rather than on reason or experience. 9. America is made up of many different traditions,sympathies, racial groups and religious affiliations. 10. Malika got married and close to her parents home. 11. The belief that some races are superior to others is called 12. is a major motive that compels many Moroccans to emigrate to foreign countries. 13. A democratic country is the one that does not .its people their civil rights.
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Match the words on the left with their synonyms on the Right: 1. Allow 2. Fear 3. Abuse 4. Embittered 5. Annoyed 6. Indifferent 7. Decimate 8. Oppression a) Devastate; slaughter b) Irritated; upset c) Mistreatment; ill-treatment d) Domination; tyranny e) Terror f) Uninterested; unconcerned g) Permit; tolerate h) Disappointed

Language Match the following words with their definitions.

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1. Communicate 2. Defects 3. Utter 4. Perform 5. Gesture 6. Emerge 7. Tone 8. Mother tongue 9. Vocal 10. Step in 11. Vital 12. Dilemma 13. Slang 14. Dialect 15. Colonial language 16. Widespread things 17. Affect

a) Movement of a part of the body to suggest meaning b) Fault or lack that spoils a person or a thing c) essential d) Produced by the voice e) informal words more common in spoken language f) The form of a language used in a part of a country g) Found or distributed over a large area h) Become involved in a difficult situation so as to help sb i) Language imposed by the colonists j) Exchange information, news with sb k) Develop and become noticeable, important.. l) A quality of voice expressing a particular emotion.. m) First language a child learns n) Have an influence on sb o) Say sthg p) A situation in which has to choose between two undesirable q) Do sthg

Fill in the gaps with words from the table above. Make any necessary changes: 1 2. to That officer often ..his orders to his men by radio. There would have been a serious incident if the police had not..

separate people. 3. The heart plays a .bodily function. 4. Dont talk to me in that unpleasant.I am not your servant. 5. Last century, Mandela .as a leader to fight apartheid practised by a minority of whites. 6. Mr. Naciri placed his daughter in a either to leave school and stay at home forever or marry one of his poor and naughty friends. 7. The recent tax increase has .all the businessmen. 8. She .a deep sigh of relief when the police brought her the lost bag. 9. Iraq had been in a .confusion before the establishment of a democratic government. 10. Brahim suffered serious linguistic .right after he had fallen on his head. 11. In Morocco our .is Arabic, whereas English it is considered as a foreign language. 12. Dumb people communicate entirely by .and signs. Choose a word from A and a word from B to fill in the gaps.
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A
1.Tiny 2.Plausible 3.Language 4.Means of 5.Technical 6.Widespread

B
a) Theories b) Jargon c) Village d) Habit e) Explanation f) communication

1. Thanks to the sophisticated . .the world has become a 2. It has become a for young Moroccans to surf and chat on the internet. 3. He gave a really and everybody accepted it. 4. This book on electronics is too difficult for me to read. I really cant make out all this . 5. Linguists have put forward many .. ..to explain how people get to learn languages. Fill in the gaps with the following words: Speech defects- gestures and signs- mother tongue- lingua franca- interferenceilliterate- dilemma- pick up- slang- identity- foreign languages. 1. In countries where many languages are spoken, a . ..is very much needed for people to understand one another. 2. Malika is in ..Either to get a divorce from the man she no longer loves or endure hardship and humility. 3. People should be open to different cultures, but this must not be done at the expense of their .. 4. After that tragic incident, Tom has been suffering from severe 5. Ali has succeeded in .English when he was in London, but his accent is still Moroccan. 6. There is a special language for deaf and dumb people based on .and 7. An .person is handicapped in his social and economic life. 8. Besides our ., we need to learn foreign languages to be able to talk to foreigners.

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9. us

Our teacher does not accept any .language in our essays. He wants

to use formal English. 10. One of the biggest problems Moroccan people have in learning .. .. is the .of the mother tongue. Match the words on the left with their synonyms: 1.Bewildering 2.Can afford 3.Require 4.Unreliable 5.Crucial a) Be able to b) Essential c) Confusing d) Need e) Not dependable

Which words in the following list do not belong to Language: Pronounce Write cosmopolitan stereotype vocal sounds bilingual dialects metaphor procession plan kill memorise panic alliance powerful threaten slang use mistake prejudice communication simile fear Yo-ho-ho theory linguistics natural sounds fend for ideologies

Human rights

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These words appear in your reading texts. How do you understand them? Choose a or b 1. Fair 2. Civil rights 3. Determination 4. Adopt 5. Appeal 6. Insist 7. Rules 8. Purpose 9. Damage 10. Implicate 11. Casualties a) just a) human liberties a) choice a) deny a) request a) persist a) conflicts a) suffering a) victim a) involve a) injuries b) developing b) old privileges b) strength of mind b) embrace b) care for b) take part b) regulations b) reason b) harm b) increase b) refugees

Fill in the gaps with one of the words above: 1. John has many financial problems and getting rich seems to be his only .in life. 2. Before the terrorists retreated, they left behind them heavy.Seventy people were decapitated and five hundred were seriously injured. 3. Many people who joined the African National Congress.the idea of fighting the apartheid. 4. The humanitarian organisation was short of money, so it .to the government for financial support. 5. The runner has been disqualified because ha has broken the marathon .. 6. I find Kamal a bit weird. He.on getting up early and playing his radio very loud 7. Sociologists define. ..as the rights of each citizen to be free and to be equal to others regardless of sex, race or religion. 8. The police are satisfied that Mike was not. in the robbery. 9. Mustapha was discharged from the company because he lacked a firm.. to solve the administrative problems. 10. The vandals did a lot ofto the passing cars. They smashed their windscreens and indicator lights with bats. 11. the referee swore to beto both teams Find words in the texts that match these definitions:
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1 To go upward; to reach a high level. 2. To make sb / sthg appear dull or unimportant by comparison 3. To escape 4. To kill large numbers of people or animals 5. A person who continues to live or exist in spite of being nearly killed or destroyed by sthg. 6. A person who has been forced to leave his or her country..for political or religious reasons 7. Cruel treatment inflicted to people because of their religious or political beliefs. 8. Pain of body or mind 9. To desert 10.Sudden feeling of great fear that can not be controlled 11.To express support for sb in a dispute Find the odd one out. casualties alliance equal treatment language system tone vocal noises discrimination victims coalition social privileges Pooh-pooh theory prejudice colonies skin colour procession enemy human rights threaten heterogeneous entente Lingua franca massacre cosmopolitan powerful nations speech ethnic army stereotype

Leisure
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Match the words on the left with their synonyms on the right. 1.Leisure 2.Be occupied with 3.Chase around 4.Refresh 5.Bored 6.Tired 7.Glad 8.Lucky 9.Plenty Match the words with their definitions.
1.Broadcast 2.Faraway 3.Entertain 4.A show 5.Include 6.Situation comedies 7.Action-packed dramas 8.Soap operas 9.TV commercials 10.Urge 11.Peak viewing time 12.Sponsor 13.Viewers a) to try hard to persuade sb to do sthg b) a person watching a TV programme c) a firm.. who pays for a TV programme in return for advertising d) to send out programmes by TV.. e) an advertisement on TV.. f) distant; remote g) time when the greatest number of people are watching TV h) to provide sthg interesting or enjoyable for sb i) a TV drama with continuing episodes about the events and problems of the same group of characters j) public entertainment k) dramas full of activity and excitement l) to have sthg as part of a whole m)TV programme based on a number of characters in an amusing situation. an amusing situation.

a) Worn-out b) Pleased c) Free time d) Be absorbed in e) Uninterested f) Rush, hurry g) Revive h) Fortunate I) A lot

Every two of these words go together. Which goes with which? 1.Dish a) disaster 2.Great b) systems 3.Communication c) receiver 4.Natural d) influence 5.Specific e) world 6.Unfriendly f) information 7.Material g) possessions Complete the following sentences with the new words you have just formed:
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1. You cant get satellite channels unless you have a 2. The police are questioning all the suspects to get.about the murder. 3. Mr. Naciri never allows his children to watch action-packed films. He believes that such films let the children form a negative impression about the world. They see it as anfull of dangerous situations. 4. Many parents think that cartoons exert a.on childrens character. 5. The tsunami that struck Indonesia region was considered as the worst. 6. A good Muslim is the one that does not care about.He rejects the fading beauty of life and constantly thinks of the hereafter. 7 .have developed rapidly in the last twenty years. People are bombarded with masses of information throughout the day from all over the world. Fill in the gaps with the following words: Be absorbed in- determination- purpose- affect- perform- settle- surrenderinvade- fortunate. 1. The Dutch.in south Africa and made this land their second home country. 2. He is so assiduous that he refuses to talk to any one when he..his work. 3. The burglar broke into the house with the sole.to threaten its inhabitants. 4. Dont..to the enemy. You must fight to death said the brave soldier. 5. Teachers should encourage the students who have a strong.to learn English. 6. to .is to enter a country or territory with armed forces in order to attack or occupy it. 7. In some countries the masses opinions maythe political decisions made by the government. 8. The Moroccan emigrants sometimes find it hard to.their Islamic rites in many foreign countries. 9. Youre very helpful. Im.to have a teacher like you said the pupil.

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Business Match the following words with their definitions.

1.Export 2.Trade 3.Provide 4.raw materials 5.foodstuffs 6.supplement 7.commodities 8.Compete 9.Impose 10.Deficit 11.Decline 12.Revenue a) Any substance used as food b) To try to win sthg by defeating others who are trying to do the same c) income, especially the total annual income of a state.. d) To try forcefully to make sb accept sthg e) To sell and transport goods to a foreign country f) To become smaller, weaker, fewer..to diminish g) To add to or complete sthg with sthg else. h) To buy and sell things i) To make sthg available for sb to use by giving or lending j) The amount by which money spent is greater than money earned k) A natural substance which is used to make sthg else l) A product or a material bought and sold between countries

Fill in the gaps with the following words above: 1. Microsoft has increased its by selling sophisticated personal computers. 2. This book willyou with all the information you need. 3. Nowadays, much of the Moroccan fruit isto the European countries. 4. The manager.to comment on the proposal because he found it worthless. 5. Morocco imports most of its.from France and Italy. 6. To preserve their economy from collapse, many countries..restrictions on imported goods. 7. Our company has gone bankrupt because it has a huge balance of payments . 8. In the past ten years, Moroccoswith Turkey has greatly increased. 9. Coal, oil and minerals are said to be theof industry. 10. Stores that trade in basic..like sugar, oil and flour make enormous profits. 11. You should pay 75 Dirhams as a..for a single room with its own bathroom said the receptionist to the man. 12. A few years ago, many foreign companies startedwith one another to gain a short-term contract with Ittisalat Al Maghrib. Find in the texts words which mean approximately the same as:

24

1.defense 2. Limitations 3. Manufacture 4. Be dependent on 5. Significant 6. Resourceful; professional 7. Augment; raise 8. Keep away from; stay away from 9. Let; permit Choose the best alternative to complete the following sentences: 1. The system of money used in a country is called. a) money b) budget c) currency 2. people should payaccording to their profits businesses said the Minister. a) taxes b) revenue c) capital 3. The Tunisian government has recently.heavily on in oil exploration. a) employed b) invested c) improved 4. To increasethe manager has decided to recruit more labour a) production b) competition c) banking 5. He was sentenced to two year imprisonment because of transactions. a) legal b) unlawful c) complaint 6. Employees are encouraged toshares in the firm. a) trade b) insure c) purchase 7. In the world of business, New York and Tokyo are considered as the most important.centres in the world. a) political b) international c) financial Complete the following sentences with suitable words. The First and second letters are given to you: 1. An ag..was finally signed between the syndicate members and the company owner to raise the workers wages. 2. The rebels wanted to ov.the south American government, but all their efforts were in vain. They were soon captured by the federal police and sent to prison. 3. Yes, you may go on a diet, but do not forget that its wrong to de.. . your body of certain essential foods said the doctor to the lady.
25

4.

Casablanca is a co..city. Many different races live in it such as the Chinese, the Lebanese, The French etc 5. Berber is considered as a di.here in Morocco. 6. Tonight the sky is quite clear. Look at the moon, it has just em.from those little clouds. 7. The reporter said that thousands of ca..had fallen during the IraqIran war. 8. The British government has recently ad.a new policy towards the old people pension. It decided to raise it to 400 9. Ive been ch. ar.town all morning looking for a present for my wife, and I have finally bought her just flowers. 10. I often get bo.as I have no brother or sister to play with said the lonely child. 11. Pots, pans, knives, spoons etc are useful household co. 12. I invited her to join my birthday, but she de.. the invitation impolitely 13. The two companies went bankrupt as they had been co.against each other for years.

Our environment
26

Match the following words with their definitions. Items

1.Outbreaks 2.Disease 3.Pour 4.Flush out 5.Cluster 6.Increase 7.A menace 8.Exhaust 9.Garbage 10.Health hazards 11.To be infected 12.Shortage

Definition
a) to become or make sthg greater in numbers, quantity.. b) to surround sb / sthg closely c) a sudden appearance of violence, disease.. d) to clean by causing a sudden flow of water e) sthg that causes trouble or danger f) illness of the body caused by infection g) dangerous and risky for health h) to make a liquid flow from a container i) waste gases released from an engine j) rubbish k) to contain harmful bacteria l) lack of sthg needed

Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the table above. Make any necessary changes. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. In Morocco, the rate of inflation has .by 2% this year. Although I. water carefully into the vase, I still managed to spill some on the carpet. People in Casablanca suffer from the .fumes that constantly poison the environment. Youve got to see a doctor right away before your wound gets. The shop was forced to close owing to a . of staff. Reporters usually.round newly-wed stars to ask them about how they perceive the conjugal life. The TV presenter said that . of rain were expected the following week. You mustthe toilet after you have used it said the mother to her son. Most things that we bring into our homes end up as. Although everything is done to ensure that the nuclear waste is buried at great depths, scientist still believe that this waste constitutes a real. to humanity.

Find words from the texts which correspond to these definitions:

27

1.Waste matter from factories.. 2.To endanger 3.To apply a process to something 4.To treat things so that they can be used again 5.Material not needed and is to be thrown away 6.Containing harmful bacteria 7.Disgusting dirt 8.To make sthg dirty 9.Having sthg in great quantities or numbers. 10.To suppress sthg Fill in the gaps with the words you have found. Make any necessary changes: 1. Stocks of fish are being reduced because the oceans are systematically poisoned by . 2. The oil that sinks to the sea bed.all plant life and shell fish for a long time. 3. To reduce trash pollution, a German factory has decided to.all the outdated newspapers. 4. Before the elections, our neighbourhood streets became.with political leaflets. 5. The Mediterranean sea attracts millions and millions of tourists every year and yet, according to many scientists, this sea is considered as the most.one in the world. 6. My attackerwith a knife. He said that if I did not give him my purse he would cut my throat. 7. Many factories continue pouring theirsewage into seas and rivers. As a result, many rare species of fish have disappeared forever. 8. One of the governments objectives should be to provide shelter for those beggars, dressed inrags that wander through the streets day and night. 9. My doctor has put me on a course of antibiotics because my injury is.. 10. Domestic waste is called rubbish or. Match the following words with their synonyms:

28

1. drop 2. caused by 3. area 4. to be at risk 5. unable 6. to cope with 7. remove 8. expect 9. save 10. pessimistic 11. solve

a) be in peril b) release c) deal with d) anticipate e) rescue f) attributable to, due to g) take off h) cynical I) resolve j) not capable k) region

Put the following words into four groups: Waste Oppressed Discrimination Relax Huge dumps Escape conflicts Survive Different culture False beliefs Sea life Traumatic past Poisonous fumes Indoctrinate Labour units Send money home Renew oneself Civil rights Leisure activity Refresh the minds Kill and injure Enjoy Recycle Take a break Pollute Household jobs Refugees Toxic substances Apartheid Unemployment Pick up a book Disastrous effects Terrible suffering

29

Women in the world Match the following words with their definitions.

Items
1.Exclude 2.Authority 3.Livelihood 4.Powerless 5.Equality 6.Repudiate 7.Footing 8.Access 9.Illiterate 10.Oppressed 11.Domestic 12.Polygamy

Definition
a) the states of being equal in rights b) to refuse to be connected with sb c) treated in a harsh or cruel way d) to keep sb out e) related to home life f) the power to give orders and make others obey g) not able to read or write h) the opportunity or right to use or approach sthg i)completely unable to do sthg j) the position or status of sb in relation to others k)having more than one wife at the same time l)a means of living; an income

Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the table above. Make any necessary changes. 1. In its 2006 studies, the United Nations have shown a close link between overpopulation and. 2. Women are still oftenfrom positions of authority. 3. Many people believe that a womens intellect is suitable for the life. 4. Heartless authoritarian husbands usually deprive their wives of any ..They leave them in terrible needy circumstances. 5. The Afac employees were on strike yesterday. They wanted to be on an equal..with their employers. 6. In the past, very few Moroccan women hadto education as they were .and outcast 7. In many different countries, women have conducted campaigns for greater with men. Unfortunately, most of these campaigns have been fruitless. 8. .is still practiced, but under highly restrictive conditions. 9. Mary ..her former lover because of unfaithfulness. Find the nouns of the following words:

30

1. To strengthen 2. Hard 3. To divorce 4. To protect 5. To exist 6. To understand 7. Able 8. To fight 9. To control

Circle the words that nearly have the same meaning as those on the left. There are two in each line: 1. repudiate 2. exclude 3. threaten 4. shortage 5. compete 6. deficit 7. entertain 8. rules 9. fair 10. widespread 11. affect 12. prejudice 13. inadequate 14. conflict a) reject b) leave a) include b) keep out a) protect b) warn a) scarcity b) excess a) vie b) bear a) shortfall b) surplus a) amuse b) kill a) refuge b) system a) biased b) just a) extensive b) limited a) influence b) deprive a) tolerance b) injustice a) derisory b) poor a) clash b) quarrel c) wash your hands of c) eliminate c) menace c) lack c) fight c) insufficiency c) divert c) regulations c) non discriminatory c) prevalent c) have an effect on c) unfairness c) favourable c) convergence

Find the opposites of the following words: 1. decrease 5. include 9. contract 13. unimportant 2. excess 6.withhold 10. failure 3. powerlessness 7. accept 11. privileged 4. inequality 8. interested 12. perfection

31

Human Geography Match the following words with their definitions. 1.Urbanize 2.Growth 3.Occur 4.Exceed 5.Slow down 6.Congested (with) 7.Commute 8.Deal with sthg 9.To be crammed 10.Acute 11.Mug 12.Incinerate a) severe b) to travel regularly by bus between ones home and office c) to make sthg too full d) process of becoming greater in size..development e) to attack and rob sb violently f) to take place; to happen g) to make a rural area, a village more like a town by building a lot of factories, new houses etc h) to go at a lower speed i) to attend to a problem, situation etc j) to go beyond what is allowed or necessary k) too full, too crowded l) destroy by burning.

Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the table above. Make any necessary changes: 1. Some countriestheir rubbish instead of recycling it. 2. The driver paid a heavy fine because he hadnt.when he saw the stop sign. 3. The Moroccan streets get.easily because they have become too narrow for the running vehicles. 4. Yesterday an old lady wasby a gang of youth in the park. 5. A few years ago, and during the drought periods, the shortage of rain stunted all the plants.and the wheat crops did not1 million ton. 6. Kamal lives in the country and is obliged to..as he can not afford to rent a house in the city. 7. The coach is full already. We simply can not.any more people in said the kind conductor to the greedy driver. 8. She was sent to the operation room because she had anpain in her stomach. 9. The shop owner.the angry customers politely. He tried to explain to them that the sharp rise in the products is due to the economic crisis. 10. The explosion..just after a little boy had stepped on a land mine. said the witness.

32

11. In the last few years, many Moroccan villages have been.They look like big towns nowadays after new factories and houses have been built. Match the words on the left with those on the right to form collocations. 1.Population 2.Seek 3.Working 4.Water 5.Developed 6.Dumped 7.Corporal 8.Chemical 9.Satellite 10.National a) products b) waste c) countries d) densities e) supply f) entertainment g) weapons h) punishment i) broadcasting j) day

Find words related to the following themes and topics: 1. High population densities 2. Transport problems 3. Pollution 4. Climate 5. Natural disasters 6. Women before independence 7. The new family code 8. The green house effect 9. International trade 10. Leisure Go through the following words then form six groups. Justify your choice after you have finished.

33

Take revenge Skin colour Deficit Import

Better life

Development of the country Trenches Garbage Economic pressure Access to education Traumatic life

Home produced food New family Authority of code men To protect Joint Menace for the victims responsibility sea life Feel inferior Welfare of the World peace families Unemployment Divorce Investments Hazardous Wounded International trade Untreated sewage Social problems Live on the margin To bring up children Equality and freedom Raw material Family unity

The right to vote Entente

Awash with bacteria Humanitarian law Polygamy Physical features Armed conflicts Dumps Refugees Industrial waste Identity Seek revenge

Refugees flee to safer zones Low pay Colonies

Indoctrination Competition

Find in the text obesity in America words that mean the same as: 1. Fatness 4. Obligatory lot of 7. Ubiquitous 2. Plump 5. Voluntary 8. Skinny; slim 3. Trouble 6. Ample; a 9. Rank; position

34

Practice 7: Find the noun form of the following words: 1. improve 5. reach 9. continue 12. grow 2. hygienic 3. increase 4.develop 6. active 7. need 8. assume 10. fall 11. die

35

African and Arab writers Find in the text introduction to African literature words that correspond to theses definitions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. of or concerned with writings valued as works of art, drama and poetry very great the action or an instance of becoming or making sthg greater in size, number.. a period of history having particular characteristics the period in the 14th , 15th,and 16th centuries during which there was a renewed interest in art and literature, inspired by a fresh study of ancient Greek art, ideas.. the story of a persons life written by that person. unusual or exceptional; worth noticing

Find in the texts words that mean approximately the same as:

1. Environs, periphery 2. Lumber 3. Pull up 4. Hurry; rush round 5. Tumult; noise 6. Solely 7. Resentment

36

Practice 3: Find the odd one out:

Murder Ethnic minority Emotional cries Pay Joint responsibility Geneva convention Chemical weapons Refresh oneself Protecting the national products Dialect Abandoned children Lack of open space Renaissance Death penalty Urbanization Bow-wow theory Pick up Accent Leisure Corporal punishment Broadcast Colonies Physical features Gestures Tell off Jargon Human rights Untreated sewage Cable TV Family code Heterogeneous Entertainment Find out Slang Orphans Trash Harmful impressions Quota

Standard of living Coalition A menace for sea life Mens authority Commercials Expansion of literacy

To threaten people Chemical substance increase Family unity Win a war Transport problems Post-colonial era Congested Lingua franca

Put the following words in sentences: Fend for- settle- conflict- reach- civil rights- purpose- casualties- bored- refresh the mind- be occupied with- provide- commodities- compete- livelihoodilliterate- oppressed- step in- affect- outbreaks- health hazards- urbanize- be crammed with- remarkable. Find words related to the following themes and topics: 1. The African literature 2. The Moroccan women after independence.
37

3. The first world war 4. means of communication 5. Human geography 6. Childrens rights 7. illnesses related to obesity 8. immigration 9. Minorities 10. Language

38

Key to exercises

The first world war Practice 1:

1e 8m 15b 2i 16p 3n 9a 4d 10k 5j 11f 12o 6h 13c 7g 14l

Practice 2:
1. kills 2. surrendered 3. retreat 5. supplies 6. alliance 7. involving 8. expanded 10. fired 11. support 12. reach. 4. invaded 9. procession

Practice 3:
1a 2f 3g 4e 5b 6d 7c

Practice 4:
1. political domination 4. border disputes 7. took revenge 2. public transportation 3. peaceful world 5. commercial relations 6. food shortage

Practice 5:
1. invasion 2. expansion 3. murder 4. implication 5. shooting 6. arrival 7. slaughter 8. attainment 9. revenge 10. help
39

11. engagement .

Minorities Practice 1:
1f 16d 2b 8p 3h 9a 4i 10o 11c 5e 12m 13g 6l 14j 7n 15k

Practice 2:
1. denied 2. unskilled 3. fend for 4. refugees 5. recruitment centres 6. host 7. inadequate 8. prejudice 9.ethnic 10. settled 11. racism 12. joblessness 13. deprive

Practice 3:
1g 2e 8d 3c 4h 5b 6f 7a

Practice 4:
1. inadequate 2. allow 3. disagree 4. blame 5. oppression 6. annoying 7. victory 8. surrender 9. deprived 10. conflict 11. shortage 12. kill ..

Language Practice 1:
1j 12p 13e 2b 8m 14f 3o 9d 15i 4q 10h 16g 5a 11c 17n 6k 7l

40

Practice 2:
1. communicates 2. stepped in 3. vital 5. emerged 6. dilemma 7. affected 9. widespread 10. defects 11. mother tongue 4. tone 8. uttered 12. gestures

Practice 3:
1c 2e 3a 4f 5b 6d

1. means of communication 3. widespread habit 5. technical jargon

2. tiny village 4. plausible explanation 6. language theories

Practice 4:
1. Lingua franca 2. dilemma 3. identity 4. speech defects 5. picking up 6. gestures / signs 7. illiterate 8. mother tongue 9. slang 10. foreign language / interference

Practice 5:
1c 2a 3d 4e 5b

Practice 6:
Powerful procession threaten fear cosmopolitan plan Stereotype kill panic prejudice fend for alliance ideologies .

Human Rights Practice 1:

1a 2a 8b 3b 9b 4b 10a 5a 11a 6a 7b

Practice 2:
41

1. purpose insists 7. civil rights

2. casualties 3. adopted 8. implicated

4. appealed 5. rules

6.

9. determination

10. damage 11. fair

Practice 3:
1. to rise 2. to eclipse 3. to flee 4. to decimate 6. refugee 7. persecution 8. suffering 9. to abandon to take sides 5. survivors 10. panic 11.

Practice 4:
1. procession 2. cosmopolitan 3. powerful nations 4. threaten 5. tone 6. vocal noises 7. lingua franca .

Leisure Practice 1:
1c 2d 8h 3f 9i 4g 5e 6a 7b

Practice 2:
1d 2f 8i 3h 9e 4j 10a 11g 5l 12c 13b 6m 7k

Practice 3:
1c 2d 3b 4a 5f 6e 7g

Practice 4:
1. a dish receiver 4. great influence possessions 2. specific information 5. natural disaster 3. unfriendly world 6. material

42

7. communication systems

Practice 5:
1. settled 5. determination 6. invade fortunate 2. is absorbed in 7. affect 3. purpose 8. perform 4. surrender 9.

Business Practice 1:
1e 2h 8b 3i 9d 4k 10j 5a 11f 6g 12c 7l

Practice 2:
1. revenue 2. provide 5. foodstuffs 6. impose 7.deficit 10. commodities 11. supplement 12. to compete 3. exported 8. trade 4. declined 9. raw materials

Practice 3:
1. protection 5. important 9. allow 2. restrictions 6. efficient 3. produce 7. increase 8. avoid 4. to rely on

Practice 4:
1.currency 2. taxes 5. unlawful 6. purchase 7. financial 3.invested 4. production

Practice 5:
1. agreement 2. overthrow 3. deprive 4. cosmopolitan 5. dialect 6. emerged 7. casualties 8. adopted 9. chasing around
43

10. bored

11. commodities 12. declined 13. competing

our environment Practice 1:

1c 2f 8i 3h 9j 10g 4d 11k 5b 12l 6a 7e

Practice 2:
1. increased 6. cluster 10. menace 2. poured 5. shortage 7. outbreaks 3. exhaust 8. flush out 4. infected 9.garbage

Practice 3:
1. sewage 2. threaten 3. treat 5. garbage 6. infected 7. filthy 8. pollute 9. awash with 4. recycle 10. stifle

Practice 4:
1. sewage 2. stifles 3. recycle 6. threatened 7. untreated 8. filthy 9. infected 4. awash 10. garbage 5. polluted

Practice 5:
1b 2f 8d 3k 9e 4a 10a 5j 11i 6c 7g

Practice 6:
1. Waste- sea life- toxic substances- poisonous fumes- huge dumps-recycledisastrous effects- pollute 2.survive- civil rights- refugees- traumatic past- kill and injure- indoctrinate terrible suffering- survive
44

3. Relax- household jobs- leisure activity- refresh the minds- enjoy- pick up a book- renew oneself- take a break 4. False beliefs- discrimination- apartheid- different culture- send money home survive- oppressed- escape conflicts

women in the world Practice 1:

1d 2f 8h 3l 9g 4i 10c 11e 5a 12k 6b 7j

Practice 2:
1. illiteracy 5. footing 6. access / powerless 2. excluded 3. domestic 7. equality 8. polygamy 4. livelihood 9. repudiated

Practice 3:
1. strength 2. hardship 3. divorce 5. existence 6. understanding 7. ability 8. fight 4. protection 9. control

Practice 4:
1ac 9bc 2bc 3bc 4ac 10ac 5ac 11ac 12bc 6ac 13ab 7ac 14ab 8bc

Practice 5:
1. increase 2. shortage 3. authority 4. equality 6. provide 7. decline 8. bored 10. triumph 11. deprived12. defect 13. vital 5. exclude 9. expand

Human Geography
45

Practice 1:
1g 2d 8i 3f 9c 4j 10a 11e 5h 12l 6k 7b

Practice 2:
1. incinerate 4. mugged 5. growth / exceed 9. dealt with 2. slowed down 6. commute 10. occurred 3. congested 7. cram 8. acute 11. urbanized

Practice 3:
1d 2f 8g 3j 9i 4e 10a 5c 6b 7h

Practice 4:
1. High population densities: (examples) urbanization- civilization- population- cities- growth 2. Transport problems: (examples) traffic jam- commute- to cram in- congested. 3. Pollution: (examples) sewage- threaten- waste- environment- filth. 4. climate: (examples) hot- windy- typhoons-dry. 5. Natural disasters: (examples) typhoons- earthquakes- tsunamis- tornadoes. 6. women before independence: (examples) oppressed- deprived of- hardship- abandoned. 7. The new family code: (examples) freedom- equal footing- joint responsibility- legal. 8. The green house effect: (examples) the ozone layer- heat- disastrous effects- raise temperature. 9. International trade: (examples) commerce- import / export- manufactured goods- taxes. 10. Leisure: (examples) household jobs- enjoy oneself- recreation- refresh the body.

46

Practice 5:
1.Take revenge- trenches- colonies- entente- wounded- seek revenge- armed conflicts- world peace. 2. Skin colour- low pay- physical features- identity- live on the margin-better life- unemployment. 3. deficit- import- development of the country- economic pressure- competitioninternational trade- raw material- investments- home produced food. 4. Access to education- new family code- feel inferior- the right to vote divorce- joint responsibility- welfare of their families- polygamy- family unity- equality and freedom- to bring up children- authority of men- social problems. 5. Traumatic life- indoctrination- to protect the victims- they flee to safer zonesrefugees- humanitarian law. 6. industrial waste- awash with bacteria- dumps- menace for sea life- hazardousuntreated sewage- garbage.

Practice 6:
1. obesity 6. plenty 2. fat 5. optional 7. ubiquitous 3. trouble 8. thin 4. obligatory 9. status

Practice 7:
1. improvement 5. reach 6. activity 9. continuity 11. death 2. hygiene 7. need 10. fall 12. growth 3. increase 4. development 8. assumption

African and Arab writers Practice 1:

1. literary 2. tremendous 5. renaissance 6. autobiography 7. remarkable 3. expansion 4. era

Practice 2:
47

1. suburbs 2. lumber 4. hurry; rush around 5. hubbub 6.only

3. to come to a halt 7. hatred

Practice 3:
1. family code 2. urbanization 3. entertainment 4. pay 5. joint responsibility 6. leisure 7. corporal punishment 8. refresh oneself 9. coalition 10. dialect 11. win a war 12. commercials 13. lingua franca

48

More practice on vocabulary: Give the corresponding noun form. Imagine- disturb- bury- explode- warn- enter- withdraw- observe- believeconclude- decide- choose- approve- advise- suspect- relieve- prove- sadangry- deep- nervous- high- convenient- ugly- possible- wide- sarcasticabsent- dangerous- weak- strong- silent- intelligent- generous- jealousanxious- complete- expect- adjust- argue- protect- obey- discover- complain arrange- treat- explain- inspect- breathe- recognise- embarrass. Give the corresponding adjective form. Patience- generosity- strength- width- length- silence- ambition- truth- raindust- wind- affection- mystery- style- pride- disgrace- advantage- dignityenergy- sarcasm- sentiment. Give the corresponding verb form. Weight- satisfaction- enjoyment- identification- proof- admission- interferencecriticism- success- robbery- admiration- obedience- complaint- breath- bloodgrowth- choice- denial- completion- refusal- decision. Supply the opposites of the following words by using different prefixes. Lawful- mature- personal- moral- pure- expert- stable- patient- sufficientordinary- literate- safe- licit- human- similar- active- legal- religious- cleanprudent- interesting- secure- perfect- legitimate- frequent- practicalrespectful- democratic- acceptable- afraid- armed- ashamed- attractive- awareavoidable- breakable- certain- changeable- comfortable- completed- consciouscontrollable- cooked- cover- damaged- nourished- fed- sell- sized- disciplineddrinkable- eatable- educated- ending- exciting- fashionable- forgettable- heard49

important- just- limited. Use ful, less or y to form adjectives. Taste- thought- truth- fear- cloud- power- thunder- end- aim- hope- speechvalue- sleep- storm- mist- cheer- joy- use- score- ice- penny- wind- rest- fogworth- brain- faith- mud- child- peace- sun- pain. Use al, ical, able, ary, ory, ic or ial to form adjectives. Alphabet- enthusiasm- comfort- art- break- nation- wash- democracy- musicprofession- criticism- literature- mathematics- energy- agriculture- educationeconomy- universe- industry- grammar- tradition- satisfaction- option- culturepractice. Use ance, ation, ment, or tion to form nouns. Punish- assist- vaccinate- treat- enter- appear- promote- govern- acknowledgeenjoy- negotiate- improve- perform- predict- accept- embarrass- relax- agreearrange- ignore- astonish- measure- emigrate- concentrate- object- pay- reactaffiliate- collect- translate. Form the opposites of these words by adding to each one a suitable prefix. Honour- advantage- like- approve- continue- loyal- connect- obey- pleasesatisfy- trust- honest- appear- spell- behave- judge- pronounce- place- treatinterpret- lead- represent- fire. Add a suitable prefix to the following words, thus converting each one into a verb. Courage- danger- close- able- joy- force- sure- large- lighten- trust- rich- rollslave- list- circle. Supply the adjective form of these nouns. Athlete- thirst- fool- man- child- greed- talent- hour- sun- mist- revolutionhunger- day- peace- agriculture- dirt- culture- orient. Put the words between brackets in the correct form.

50

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. the

The journalist said that some Jews did not believe in any (exist) with the Palestinians. (normal) children are treated by psychiatrists in that mental home. (titles) are used on TV to help deaf people. In Russia the temperature sometimes drops to (zero). The Foreign Affair Ministers are in Paris now to (arrange) a meeting between the European Presidents. The South American government claims that a cessation of violence is a necessary (condition) before any talks with the rebels. Many archaeologists believe that the (history) era tombs of the ancient Egypt still hold many mysteries. If only the Egyptian volley ball team had not lost the (final) a few years ago The elderly woman was found (conscious) after the mugger had attacked her. Before leaving the battlefield, the soldiers laid (personal) mines everywhere. Mohammedia is (way) between Casablanca and Bouznika. In stadium, children should be admitted (pay). The newspapers reports are a mixture of gossip, lies and (truths) said

man angrily. 14. The (class) is usually (fed), (paid) and (privileged) said the committee member. 15. Every summer the Smiths like to (decorate) their house. 16. I think your letter has not reached its destination. So youd better (write) another one. 17. Its hard to (adjust) oneself to life back home after working abroad for years. 18. Shopping centres usually get (crowded) before Christmas. 19. Her ideas on education are (dated). 20. The demonstrators were heavily (numbered) by the police. 21. This model (sells) all the others in our range, said the manager. 22. When fighting the colonists, the nationalists showed (human) courage and strength. 23. The USA is considered as the most (power) country in the world nowadays. 24. The teacher lost his (control) and shouted at all the students. 25. Ahmed is a (made) man. Hes become rich and successful by his own efforts. 26. A (service) shop is a shop in which customers take what they want and then pay for it. 27. John was (habit) with Catherine for three years before they eventually got
51

married. 28. Ive recently heard that my (wife) got divorced a few days ago. Give the abstract nouns of: Wise- boy- lovely- to ignore- timid- pleasant- peculiar- solid- sudden- humidsterile- jealous- high- to believe- independent- suspicious- true- long- to knowshy- short- stupid- proud- vast- damp- to discover- real- rich- to hate- to hopeacid- hero- tolerant- cheap- elegant- sweet- patient- strong- young- dry- cleanconfident- scarce- terrible- conservative- broad- girl- partner- anxious- perfectto feel- to grow- brutal- to decrease- illiterate- prison- poor- to receive- secure. Word building: In each of the following exercises, use the root word in bold type that can be used correctly, both in the sense and form, in the sentences below: Example: care 1. He is a very careful driver. He has never had an accident. 2. He drives so carelessly that he is sure to have an accident before long. * able 1. Im sorry that I will beto attend the meeting tomorrow. 2. We are fortunate to have so many men of greaton our staff. * act 1. .speak louder than words. 2. Apart from teaching English, the school organizes a number of outside..for students. 3. He gets bored when he has no work. He cant stand being * agree 1. We cannot go ahead with the plan unless we have his 2. Im sorry to..with you but I think you are wrong. 3. I dont mind the heat but my wife finds it. * appear 1. She takes great pride in her. 2. You should not judge people by.. 3. I was going to offer him a lift but when I looked round he had.. 4. the police have been looking for him ever since his. * apply 1. That law is not..to this case. 2. He saw an advertisement for the job and wrote out his.immediately. 3. He was the only..for the job. * attend
52

1. Pay..to what Im saying. 2. It was pleasant to speak to such an..audience. * attract 1. The greatest..of the country is its wonderful climate. 2. Catherine is a very..girl. * basis 1. What was the.of his accusation? 2. There are many reasons for the trouble in the company but the.. problem is the shortage of raw materials. * blood 1. It is tragic that such unimportant incidents should have led to so much. 2. If you cut your finger, it.. * class 1. Its her job to.all the new books that arrive in the library under the correct subject headings. 2. After winning todays race in the series, the champion has gone to the head of the general. * child 1. He spent his..in the country. 2. Dont be so.! Its time you grew up. 3. Although she was quite an old women, she still had a sweet, expression * comfort 1. Sit down and make yourself.. 2. They suffered greaton the journey because of the intense heat. * compare 1. Its difficult to make abetween our own country and the time of the Romans. 2. This years examination was easy. Its usually much harder. * compete 1. Its generally believed that ..between different companies should keep prices down. 2. Two hundred ..will take part in the tournament. * confidence 1. He is ..of success. 2. The letter was marked .... so you should not have opened it. * continue 1. Can we book seats for the film or is it being shown in performances? 2. He is a good student but he ..interrupts me when I am speaking.
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* cook 1. People say that electric.are cleaner than gas. 2. I found the recipe in a book. * courage 1. He was given a medal for his .action 2. He wouldnt have passed the examination so I.him from taking it. 3. Its no good telling the students they are going to fail. What they need from you is. * decide 1. The weather this year is.better than it was last summer. 2. They must take a .as soon as possible. 3. Afterwards historians realised that this had been thebattle of the war. * defend 1. What have you to say in .of your actions? 2. The..is accused of stealing two shirts from a shop. 3. Modern football is often dull because the teams usetactics * custom 1. Its..in this country for the brides father to pay for the wedding. 2. You must be polite to.,otherwise theyll go away or complain to the manager. * depend 1. dependent 2. He has a wife, three children and several..relatives. 3. July the fourth is a national holiday in the United States to celebrate the signing of the Declaration of.. * destroy 1. The bombs caused terriblein the area. 2. That child is ..He likes breaking things. * direct 1. Youre going in the wrong.London is south from here. 2. He is the managing .of the company. * dust 1. The room was so that it was obvious that no one had lived there for a long time. 2. Take a .and clean the furniture. * effect 1. The only medicine I can recommend is this one but I cannot promise that it will be ..in your case.
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2. Shes the most.secretary Ive ever had. She does everything perfectly. 3. We are using work-study experts in the factory to try to improve. * electricity 1. Its better not to try to mend it yourself. Send for an. 2. Is your cooker gas or .? 3. Hes a qualified..engineer. * employ 1. people receive some money from the government until they find a job. 2. All thehave asked for more money, but I do not think the boss will give it to them. 3. The unions are negotiating with the..to get higher wages for the workers. 4. The government would like to provide everyone with.. * explain 1. Have you any.for your behaviour? 2. His absence isI cant think why he is not here. * explode 1. There was a loud.when the bomb went off. 2. The terrorists left the.in the building an hour before they were due to go off. * extend 1. I agree with him to a certain.but not entirely. * fault 1. The horse gave a.performance, jumping every fence perfectly. 2. I sent the machine back to the manufactures because it was.. * fit 1. He is dishonest and.to be in charge of young children. 2. He does exercises every morning because hes keen on physical * Foot 1. He saw the.of a strange animal in the sand. 2. We heard their.as they ran along the corridor. * fortune 1. The plane crashed and..several people were killed. * friend 1. Ill always value your. 2. A very..voice answered the telephone and I suddenly realised that I had dialled the wrong number. * head 1. I do not want to read the newspapers. I just want to look at the. 2. I have a..Ill take an aspirin and go and lie down.
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3. If you dont remember his address look at the letteron his letter to you. *house 1. Since his wife died he has employed a.to look after him. * imagine 1. Im afraid I can not show you a picture of it so youll have to use your.. 2. The equator is an.line drawn round the earth. 3. Hes such anchild that he really believes he can see ghosts. * important 1. Look at carefully at this sentence, but dont worry about the rest of the article. Its. 2. His invention is of the greatest..to the future of mankind. * intend 1. My..is to leave by the first available plane. 2. He did not mean to upset you. Im sure he did it * interest 1. He told us a very.story. 2. I was veryin everything he had to say. * just 1. In the interests ofhe must be given a chance to defend himself. 2. It was.to blame her. It was not her fault. * live 1. Its about time to earn your own.. 2. All hishe dreamed of buying a house by the sea. 3. He has a very. personality. Hes full of energy. 4. Im glad you are still.I thought you had been killed. * lose 1. He found thechild wandering through the streets. 2. Last year the company made abut next year we hope to make a profit. * mechanic 1. He did the jobwithout needing to think of what he was doing. * mother 1. While you are expecting the baby you can attend classes on child care as a preparation for * necessary 1. You are making the problemhard for yourself. 2. I must speak to the manager immediately. Its a matter of * origin 1. Theplan was different from the one finally accepted. 2. The ideafrom some research we were doing on electricity.
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* own 1. Are you the..of this car? 2. There was an argument about the. of the land. No one knew who it belonged to. * pack 1. He took a.of cigarettes out and lit one. 2. They went on a.tour to Spain with all expenses included. * part 1. He saw some tiny..of gold in the water. 2. Im afraid that this only a..solution. It doesnt provide the complete answer. 3. Take your..for the next dance. * pay 1. He died leaving a number ofbills which his son had to settle. * permit 1. You must ask my..before you leave the room. 2. Asociety is supposed to be one where everyone does more or less as he likes. * person 1. Id like a..interview with the managing director himself. 2. Theyre very popular, but.I do not like their style of singing. 3. Were looking for a secretary with a lively.who will run the office efficiently. * please 1. Its a.to meet you. 2. We saw a car accident on your way here. It was a veryexperience. * political 1. Shes not interested in.she never votes in the elections. * prefer 1. Both books are good but I have a.for this one. 2. Please ring me soon,in the afternoon when Im more likely to be at home. * prison 1. Dont let the..escape! 2. He was..without a trial. * prepare 1. He wasfor such a violent reaction. It took by him surprise. 2. She is making.for their arrival. * produce 1. The new machine will increaseby ten per cent. 2. Our..are sold all over the world. 3. The land has become moresince we started using the fertiliser.
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* qualify 1. He was..from the race because he had taken drugs. * rain 1. Put money aside for aday * real 1. I did notthat she was your sister until I saw you together. 2. It seems all right in theory, but in.the situation is very different. * reason 1. Im.satisfied with my progress. * receive 1. He picked up theand answered the phone. 2. You must have a writtento show how much you paid for the goods. 3. There will be a..after the wedding for all those who have been invited. * recognise 1. He was given a medal inof his services to the country. * rob 1. The bankescaped in a car that was waiting for them. 2. After thethey hid in a farmhouse. * respect 1. He likes his students to beand call him sir 2. No one guessed that the apparently.businessman was really a murderer. 3. I dont mean any,sir, but I think youre mistaken. * safe 1. He realised the bomb was going to explode so he led the children to 2. He..my life when I fell into the sea. * satisfy 1. Im..that everything is in order. 2. His daughters success gave him great. 3. He expressed his..with the contract by tearing it up. * scarce 1. I.had time for breakfast today as I got up late. 2. There is aof good doctors at present. * science 1. He is one of the greatestin the world. 2. I had aeducation, but I have always been interested in art. * sense 1. Telescopes are veryinstruments. 2. What you say is right. Anyperson would agree with you. * serve 1. Clean your own shoes! Im not your.
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* shame 1. What an unkind thing to say! You should beof yourself. 2. Hes completelyHe does what he likes without any feeling of conscience. * sorry 1. There was a look of.on his face. * sleep 1. Hes.dont wake him up. 2. I feelIm going to bed. 3. I have passed several.nights worrying about the problem. * sun 1. Were enjoying good weather, with brightdays. 2. He looksafter spending all day on the beach. * suspect 1. I dont trust him. Ive beenof him ever since I met him. 2. I dont know for certain who was responsible but I have my * sympathy 1. I told her the story and she was veryand tried to help me. 2. I..with you but unfortunately theres nothing I can do about it. * true 1. Tell me the. 2. Hes a.person. I am sure he would not lie to you. * use 1. Thats a.gadget. My wife would like one. 2. its.arguing with him. He never listens to what you say. * wide 1. This product is.used. 2. What is the..of the road? 3. They are going tothe road to make traffic easier. * work 1. Hes a.You wont see him sitting at his desk doing nothing. 2. Skilledcan earn a lot of money in this factory. 3. Hes in hismaking some cupboards for the kitchen. 4. Its a good idea in theory butin practice. The word in brackets can be used to form a word that fits into the space. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The.of the flight from Rome is subject to delay. (arrive) He spent his.in the country. (child) The submarine went down to a of 500 metres. (deep) Youre going in the wrongRabat is south of here (direct) Im glad you have recovered from your..(ill) Its about time you earned your.I cant afford to keep you any longer.
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(live) 7. You have put on..since I saw you last. (weigh) 8. We cannot go ahead with the plan unless we have his(agree) 9. the children waited for the film to begin with great..(excite) 10. Thank you for your kindto the party. (invite) 11. I want to test their..of the language. (know) 14. That seems a fairlyarrangement to me. I think it will work. (satisfy) 15. He doesnt have theto lift the box. (strong) 16. I have an to see the dentist tomorrow. (appoint) 17. She doesnt get on well with the other people in the..(neighbour) 18. Do you have any excuse for such bad..? (behave) 19. Few people feel any..towards a boss who treats them badly. (loyal) 20. What a beautiful! Ive never heard it before. (sing) 21. You must go to hospital for further(treat) 22. Shes a verygirl. (attract) 23. He was dismissed from the army for..in the face of the enemy. (coward) 24. Ive made a very importantand I want to tell you about it. (discover) 25. Does anyone the..to the problem? (solve) 26. The President is going to make a..(speak) 27. He was hated because of his(cruel) 28. It was a very..evening. (enjoy) 29. The product is aof natural and artificial substances. (mix) 30. You have worked well so they ought to give you a good.when you leave the firm. (refer) 31. Its nice to feel the.. of the fire on cold evenings. (warm) 32. Is there any.that what he says is true? (prove) 33. The next.of goods from Canada is due to arrive tomorrow. (ship) 34. She does not take sugar in her tea because it is..(fat) 35. In myI used to live in Marrakech. (young) 36. The play was greeted with loud(applaud) 37. The commercialbetween the two countries eventually led to war. (rival) 38. He is famous for his.(wise) By means of prefixes and suffixes, form as many words as possible from the following. Colour- friend- depend- secure- just- courage- help- circle-like- head- actable- reason- connect- respect- treat- please.

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Supply the adjective form. Use suffixes only: Friend- critic- accident- child- salt- joy- fear- music- woman- trouble- sleeppower- sun- dread- love- hope- sorrow- anger- delight- shame- care- silencemilk- event.

Key to exercises

Practice 1: Imagination- disturbance- burial- explosion- warning- entrance- withdrawalobservation- belief- conclusion- decision- choice- approval- advice- suspicionrelief- proof- sadness- anger- depth- nervousness- height- convenienceugliness- possibility- width- sarcasm- absence- danger- weakness- strengthsilence- intelligence- generosity- jealousy- anxiety- completion- expectationadjustment- argument- protection- obedience- discovery- complaintarrangement- treatment- explanation- inspection- breath- recognitionembarrassment. Practice 2: patient- generous- strong- wide- long- silent- ambitious- true- rainy- dustywindy- affectionate- mysterious- stylish / stylistic- proud- disgracefuladvantageous- dignified- energetic- sarcastic- sentimental. Practice 3: weigh- satisfy- enjoy- identify- prove- admit- interfere- criticise- succeed- robadmire- obey- complain- breathe- bleed- grow- choose- deny- complete- refusedecide. Practice 4: unlawful-immature-impersonal-immoral- impure- inexpert- unstable- impatientinsufficient- extraordinary- illiterate- unsafe- illicit- inhuman- dissimilarinactive- illegal- irreligious- unclean- imprudent- uninteresting- insecureimperfect-illegitimate- infrequent- impractical- disrespectful- undemocraticunacceptable- unafraid- unarmed- unashamed- unattractive- unawareunavoidable- unbreakable- uncertain- unchangeable- uncomfortable61

uncompleted- unconscious- uncontrollable- uncooked- uncover- undamagedundernourished- underfed- undersell- undersized- undisciplined- undrinkableuneatable- uneducated- unending- unexciting- unfashionable- unforgettableunheard- unimportant- unjust- un limited. Practice 5: tasteful / tasteless / tasty- thoughtful / thoughtless- truthful / untruthful- fearful / fearless- cloudy- powerful / powerless- thundery - endless- aimless- hopeful / hopeless- speechless- valueless- sleepy / sleepless- stormy- misty- cheerful / cheerless- joyful / joyless- useful / useless- scoreless- icy- penniless- windyrestful / restless- foggy- worthy- brainless- faithful / unfaithful / faithlessmuddy- childless- peaceful- sunny- painful / painless. Practice 6: alphabetical- enthusiastic- comfortable- artistic- breakable- national- washabledemocratic- musical- professional- critical- literary- mathematical- energeticagricultural- educational- economical / economic- universal- industrialgrammatical- traditional- satisfactory- optional- cultural- practical. Practice 7: punishment- assistance- vaccination- treatment- entrance- appearancepromotion- government- acknowledgement- enjoyment- negotiationimprovement- performance- prediction- acceptance- embarrassment- relaxationagreement- arrangement- ignorance- astonishment- measurement- emigrationconcentration- objection- payment- reaction- affiliation- collection- translation. Practice 8: dishonour- disadvantage- dislike- disapprove- discontinue- disloyal- disconnectdisobey- displease- dissatisfy- distrust- dishonest- disappear- misspellmisbehave- misjudge-mispronounce- misplace-mistreat- misinterpret- misleadmisrepresent- misfire. Practice 9: encourage- endanger- enclose- enable- enjoy- enforce- ensure- enlargeenlighten- entrust- enrich- enrol- enslave- enlist- encircle.

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Practice 10: athletic- thirsty- foolish- manly- childish- greedy- talented- hourly- sunnymisty- revolutionary- hungry- daily- peaceful- agricultural- dirty- culturaloriental. Prefixes study: Practice 11: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. co-existence abnormal subtitles sub-zero pre-arrange pre-condition pre-history semi-final

9. semi-conscious / unconscious 10. anti-personal 11. half-way 12. half-pay 13. half-truths

14. underclass/underfed/underpaid/underprivileged 15. redecorate 16. rewrite 17. readjust 18. overcrowded 19. outdated 20. outnumbered

21. outsells 22. superhuman 23. superpower 24.self-control 25. 26. 27. self-made self-service co-habiting
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26.

self-service 28. ex-wife

Practice 12: Wisdom- boyhood- loveliness- ignorance- timidity- pleasure- peculiaritysolidity- suddenness- humidity- sterility- jealousy- height- belief- independencesuspicion- truth- length- knowledge-shyness- shortness- stupidity- pridevastness- dampness- discovery- reality- richness- hatred- hope- acidity- heroismtolerance- cheapness- elegance- sweetness- patience- strength- youth- drynesscleanness- confidence- scarcity- terror- conservatism- breadth- girlhoodpartnership- anxiety- perfection- feeling- growth- brutality- decrease- illiteracyimprisonment- poverty- reception- security. Word building: care 1. He is a very careful driver. He has never had an accident. 2. He drives so carelessly that he is sure to have an accident before long. * able 1. unable 2. ability * act 1. actions 2. activities 3. inactive * agree 1. agreement 2. disagree 3. disagreeable * appear 1. appearance 2. appearance 3. disappeared 4. disappearance * basis 1. basis 2. basic * comfort 1. comfortable 2. discomfort

* apply 1. applicable 2. application 3. applicant * blood 1. bloodshed 2. bleeds

* attend 1. attention 2. attentive * class 1. classify 2. classification

* attract 1. attraction 2. attractive * child 1. childhood 2. childish 3. childlike

* compare 1. comparison 2. comparatively

* compete * confidence * continue 1. competition 1. confident 1. continuous 2. competitors 2. confidential 2. continually

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* cook 1. cookers / cookers 2. cook / cookery book * custom 1. customary 2. customers

* courage 1. courageous 2. discouraged 3. encouragement * depend 1. dependent 2. dependent 3. independence * effect 1. effective 2. efficient 3. efficiency * explode 1. explosion 2. explosives * Foot 1. footprints 2. footsteps

* decide 1. decisively 2. decision 3. decisive * destroy 1. destruction 2. destructive

* defend 1. defence 2. defendant 3. defensive * direct 1. direction 2. director

* dust 1. dusty 2. duster * explain 1. explanation 2. unexplained * fit 1. unfit 2. fitness * head 1. headlines 2. headache 3. heading * intend 1. intention 2. unintentionally * lose 1. lost 2. loss * origin 1. original 2. originated * pay

* electricity 1. electrician 2. electric 3. electrical * extend 1. extent * fortune 1. unfortunately

* employ 1. unemployed 2. employees 3. employers 4. employment * fault 1. faultless 2. faulty * friend 1. friendship 2. friendly * important 1. unimportant 2. importance * live 1. living 2. life 3. lively 4. alive

*house * imagine 1. housekeeper 1. imagination 2. imaginary 3. imaginative * interest * just 1. interesting 1. justice 2. interested 2. unjust

* mechanic 1. mechanically * own 1. owner 2. ownership * permit

* mother * necessary 1. motherhood 1. unnecessary 2. necessity * pack 1. packet 2. package * person

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* part 1. parcel 2. partial 3. partner * please

1.

unpaid

1. 2.

* political 1. politics * produce 1. production 2. products 4. productive * reason 1. reasonably * respect 1. respectful 2. respectable 3. disrespect * science 1. scientists 2. scientific * sorry 1. sorrow

1. personal 2. personally 3. personality * prefer * prison 1. preference 1. prisoner 2. preferably 2. imprisoned * qualify * rain 1. disqualified 1. rainy * receive 1. receiver 2. receipt 3. reception * safe 1. safety 2. saved * recognise 1. recognition * satisfy 1. satisfied 2. satisfaction 3. dissatisfaction * serve 1. servant * sun 1. sunny 2. sun-tanned * use 1. useful 2. useless

permission permissive

1. 2.

pleasure unpleasant

* prepare 1. unprepared 2. preparations * real 1. realise 2. reality * rob 1. robbers 2. robbery * scarce 1. scarcely 2. scarcity

* sense 1. sensitive 2. sensible * sleep 1. sleeping 2. asleep 3. sleepless

shame 1. ashamed 2. shameless * suspect 1. 2. suspicious suspicions

* sympathy * true 1. sympathetic 1. truth 2. sympathise 2. trustworthy * work 1. workaholic 2. workers 3. workshop 4. unworkable Practice 14: 1. 4. arrival direction 2.

* wide 1. widely 2. width 3. widen

childhood

3.

depth

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5. 9. 15. 18. 21. 22. 26. 30. 34. 38.

illness 8. agreement excitement 10. 14. satisfactory strength 16. behaviour 19. treatment attractive 23. 25. solution speech 29. mixture reference 31. 33. shipment fattening 35. 37. rivalry wisdom

6.

living 11.

7.

weight

invitation appointment17. loyalty cowardice 27. cruelty

knowledge

neighbourhood 20. song 24. 28. 32. 36. discovery enjoyable proof applause

warmth youth

Practice 15: colourful / colourless / uncoloured- friendly / friendliness / unfriendly / friendly match - dependent / dependable / dependence / dependency independent independence / independently - securely / security / secure insecure / insecurity...- justly / justice / unjust / unjustifiable / unjustified / unjustifiably - encourage / encouragement / encouraging / encouragingly / discourage / discouraged / discouragement / discouraging / discouraginglyhelpful / helpfully / helpfulness / unhelpful / helpless / helplessly / helplessness/ helper / helping / help line - encircle / circlet / - likeable / likes / likeminded / likely / likely story / likewise / dislike - headless / header / heading / headmaster / headlight- acting / active / action / actionable / activate / actively / activity / activism / action-packed- ability / unable / inability- reasoned / reasoning / reasonable / reasonableness / reasonably / unreasonable / unreasonably / unreasoningconnection / connective / disconnect / disconnected / disconnection- respectable / respects / respecter / respectability / respectful / respectfully / respect / disrespect / disrespectful / disrespectfullytreatment / treatable / treaty- pleasure / pleasant / pleasantly / pleasantness / pleasantry / pleased / pleasingly / pleasurable / displease/ displeased / displeasing / displeasure Practice 16: Supply the adjective form. Use suffixes only: friendly / friendless- critical- accidental- childish / childlike / childless - saltyjoyful / joyless- fearful / fearless- musical- womanish / womanly- troublesomesleepy / sleepless- powerful / powerless- sunny / sunless- dreadful- lovely /
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loveable- hopeful / hopeless- sorrowful- angry- delightful- shameful / shameless- careful / careless- silent- milky- eventful.

References -Thompson,A.J Martinet,A.V. (1980) A Practical English Grammar Oxford University Press. -WS. Fowler (1983) First Certificate English Thomas Nelson Hong Kong. Ltd. -Ministre de lducation Nationale (1996) English in life 3 Lettres et option langues. Imprimerie Najeh El Jadida. -Stannard Allen. W (1974) Living English Structure . Longman. -Waldo Clarke. D and Munro Mackenzie M.D. (1979) Modern English Practice. Longman Group Ltd. -Jonathan Crowther (1995) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary Oxford University press. -Ministre de lducation Nationale, de lenseignement suprieur, de la formation des cadres et de la recherche scientifique. Dpartement de lducation nationale (2004) Quick way. Students book 3Librairie Al Ouma -Robert J Dixon (1957) Everyday English Regents Publishing Company. L. G Alexander (1982) Essay and letter writing Longman

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