Networks

UNIT 2 Networks
GATE 2011 MCQ 2.1
ONE MARK
In the circuit shown below, the Norton equivalent current in amperes with respect to the terminals P and Q is
(A) 6.4 j 4.8 (C) 10 + j 0

MCQ 2.2
(B) 6.56 j 7.87 (D) 16 + j 0
In the circuit shown below, the value of RL such that the power transferred to RL is maximum is
(A) 5 (C) 15
(B) 10 (D) 20
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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.3
The circuit shown below is driven by a sinusoidal input vi = Vp cos (t/RC ). The steady state output vo is
(A) (Vp /3) cos (t/RC ) (C) (Vp /2) cos (t/RC )
(B) (Vp /3) sin (t/RC ) (D) (Vp /2) sin (t/RC )
2011
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.4
In the circuit shown below, the current I is equal to
(A) 1.4+0c A (C) 2.8+0c A
(B) 2.0+0c A (D) 3.2+0c A
MCQ 2.5
In the circuit shown below, the network N is described by the following Y matrix: 0.1 S 0.01 S . the voltage gain V2 is Y=> 0.01 S 0.1 SH V1
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 1/90 (C) 1/99

MCQ 2.6
(B) 1/90 (D) 1/11
In the circuit shown below, the initial charge on the capacitor is 2.5 mC, with the voltage polarity as indicated. The switch is closed at time t = 0 . The current i (t) at a time t after the switch is closed is
(A) i (t) = 15 exp ( 2 # 103 t) A (B) i (t) = 5 exp ( 2 # 103 t) A (C) i (t) = 10 exp ( 2 # 103 t) A (D) i (t) = 5 exp ( 2 # 103 t) A
2010 MCQ 2.7 ONE MARK
For the two-port network shown below, the short-circuit admittance parameter matrix is
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Chap 2 Networks
4 (A) > 2 1 (C) > 0.5

MCQ 2.8
2 S 4H 0.5 S 1H
1 (B) > 0.5 4 (D) > 2
0.5 S 1H 2 S 4H
For parallel RLC circuit, which one of the following statements is NOT correct ? (A) The bandwidth of the circuit decreases if R is increased (B) The bandwidth of the circuit remains same if L is increased (C) At resonance, input impedance is a real quantity (D) At resonance, the magnitude of input impedance attains its minimum value.
2010 MCQ 2.9
TWO MARKS
In the circuit shown, the switch S is open for a long time and is closed at t = 0 . The current i (t) for t $ 0+ is
(A) i (t) = 0.5 0.125e1000t A (C) i (t) = 0.5 0.5e1000t A

MCQ 2.10
(B) i (t) = 1.5 0.125e1000t A (D) i (t) = 0.375e1000t A
The current I in the circuit shown is
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) j1 A (C) 0 A
MCQ 2.11
(B) j1 A (D) 20 A
In the circuit shown, the power supplied by the voltage source is
(A) 0 W (C) 10 W
(B) 5 W (D) 100 W
GATE 2009 MCQ 2.12
ONE MARK
In the interconnection of ideal sources shown in the figure, it is known that the 60 V source is absorbing power.
Which of the following can be the value of the current source I ? (A) 10 A (C) 15 A
MCQ 2.13
(B) 13 A (D) 18 A
If the transfer function of the following network is

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Chap 2 Networks
Vo (s) 1 = 2 + sCR Vi (s)
The value of the load resistance RL is (B) R (A) R 4 2 (C) R

MCQ 2.14
(D) 2R
A fully charged mobile phone with a 12 V battery is good for a 10 minute talk-time. Assume that, during the talk-time the battery delivers a constant current of 2 A and its voltage drops linearly from 12 V to 10 V as shown in the figure. How much energy does the battery deliver during this talk-time?
(A) 220 J (C) 13.2 kJ
(B) 12 kJ (D) 14.4 J
GATE 2009
TWO MARK
MCQ 2.15
An AC source of RMS voltage 20 V with internal impedance Zs = (1 + 2j) feeds a load of impedance ZL = (7 + 4j) in the figure below. The reactive power consumed by the load is
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 8 VAR (C) 28 VAR

MCQ 2.16
(B) 16 VAR (D) 32 VAR
The switch in the circuit shown was on position a for a long time, and is move to position b at time t = 0 . The current i (t) for t > 0 is given by
(A) 0.2e125t u (t) mA (C) 0.2e1250t u (t) mA

MCQ 2.17
(B) 20e1250t u (t) mA (D) 20e1000t u (t) mA
In the circuit shown, what value of RL maximizes the power delivered to RL ?
(A) 2.4 (C) 4
(B) 8 3 (D) 6
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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.18
The time domain behavior of an RL circuit is represented by L di + Ri = V0 (1 + BeRt/L sin t) u (t). dt For an initial current of i (0) = V0 , the steady state value of the R current is given by (A) i (t) " V0 (B) i (t) " 2V0 R R (C) i (t) " V0 (1 + B) R (D) i (t) " 2V0 (1 + B) R
GATE 2008 MCQ 2.19
ONE MARK
In the following graph, the number of trees (P) and the number of cut-set (Q) are
(A) P = 2, Q = 2 (C) P = 4, Q = 6
MCQ 2.20
(B) P = 2, Q = 6 (D) P = 4, Q = 10
In the following circuit, the switch S is closed at t = 0 . The rate of change of current di (0+) is given by dt
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(A) 0 (R + Rs) Is (C) L

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(B) Rs Is L (D) 3

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 2008 MCQ 2.21
TWO MARKS
The Thevenin equivalent impedance Zth between the nodes P and Q in the following circuit is
(A) 1 (C) 2 + s + 1 s
MCQ 2.22
(B) 1 + s + 1 s
2 (D) s + s + 1 s2 + 2s + 1
The driving point impedance of the following network is given by Z (s) = 2 0.2s s + 0.1s + 2
The component values are (A) L = 5 H, R = 0.5 , C = 0.1 F (B) L = 0.1 H, R = 0.5 , C = 5 F (C) L = 5 H, R = 2 , C = 0.1 F (D) L = 0.1 H, R = 2 , C = 5 F
MCQ 2.23
The circuit shown in the figure is used to charge the capacitor C alternately from two current sources as indicated. The switches S1 and S2 are mechanically coupled and connected as follows: For 2nT # t # (2n + 1) T , (n = 0, 1, 2,..) S1 to P1 and S2 to P2
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Chap 2 Networks
For (2n + 1) T # t # (2n + 2) T, (n = 0, 1, 2,...) S1 to Q1 and S2 to Q2
Assume that the capacitor has zero initial charge. Given that u (t) is a unit step function , the voltage vc (t) across the capacitor is given by (A)
n=1
/ ( 1) n tu (t nT)
3 n=1 3
(B) u (t) + 2 / ( 1) n u (t nT) (C) tu (t) + 2 / ( 1) n u (t nT) (t nT)

n=1
(D) / 60.5 e (t 2nT) + 0.5e (t 2nT) T @

3 n=1
Common data question 2.23 & 2.24 :

The following series RLC circuit with zero conditions is excited by a unit impulse functions (t).
MCQ 2.24
For t > 0 , the output voltage vC ^ t h is (A) 2 ^e 3

1 2
e th
3 2
1 (B) 2 te 2 t 3 1 (D) 2 e 2 t sin c 3 t m 2 3
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1 (C) 2 e 2 t cos c 3 t m 2 3

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.25
For t > 0 , the voltage across the resistor is 3 1 (A) 1 _e 2 t e 2 t i 3 (B) e

1 t 2
3 1 sin 3 t c 2 mG =cos c 2 t m 3
1 (C) 2 e 2 t sin c 3 t m 2 3 1 (D) 2 e 2 t cos c 3 t m 2 3
Statement for linked Answers Questions 2.25 & 2.26:

A two-port network shown below is excited by external DC source. The voltage and the current are measured with voltmeters V1, V2 and ammeters. A1, A2 (all assumed to be ideal), as indicated
Under following conditions, the readings obtained are: (1) S1 -open, S2 - closed A1 = 0,V1 = 4.5 V,V2 = 1.5 V, A2 = 1 A (2) S1 -open, S2 - closed A1 = 4 A,V1 = 6 V,V2 = 6 V, A2 = 0
MCQ 2.26
The z -parameter matrix for this network is 1. 5 1. 5 1.5 4.5 (B) = (A) = G 4. 5 1. 5 1.5 4.5G 1.5 4.5 (C) = 1.5 1.5 G
MCQ 2.27
4.5 1.5 (D) = 1.5 4.5G
The h -parameter matrix for this network is 3 3 3 1 (B) = (A) = G 1 0.67 3 0.67 G
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Chap 2 Networks
3 3 (C) = 1 0.67 G
GATE 2007 MCQ 2.28
3 1 (D) = 3 0.67 G
ONE MARK
An independent voltage source in series with an impedance Zs = Rs + jXs delivers a maximum average power to a load impedance ZL when (B) ZL = Rs (A) ZL = Rs + jXs (C) ZL = jXs
MCQ 2.29
(D) ZL = Rs jXs
The RC circuit shown in the figure is
(A) a low-pass filter (C) a band-pass filter
(B) a high-pass filter (D) a band-reject filter
GATE 2007 MCQ 2.30
TWO MARKS
Two series resonant filters are as shown in the figure. Let the 3-dB bandwidth of Filter 1 be B1 and that of Filter 2 be B2 . the value B1 is B2
(A) 4 (C) 1/2

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(B) 1 (D) 1/4

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.31
For the circuit shown in the figure, the Thevenin voltage and resistance looking into X Y are
(A) (C)
4 3 4 3
V, 2 V, 2 3
(B) 4 V, 2 3 (D) 4 V, 2
MCQ 2.32
In the circuit shown, vC is 0 volts at t = 0 sec. For t > 0 , the capacitor current iC (t), where t is in seconds is given by
(A) 0.50 exp ( 25t) mA (C) 0.50 exp ( 12.5t) mA

MCQ 2.33
(B) 0.25 exp ( 25t) mA (D) 0.25 exp ( 6.25t) mA
In the ac network shown in the figure, the phasor voltage VAB (in Volts) is
(A) 0 (C) 12.5+30c
(B) 5+30c (D) 17+30c

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 2006 MCQ 2.34
TWO MARKS
A two-port network is represented by ABCD parameters given by V1 A B V2 = I G = =C D G= I G 1 2 If port-2 is terminated by RL , the input impedance seen at port-1 is given by (B) ARL + C (A) A + BRL C + DRL BRL + D (C) DRL + A BRL + C
MCQ 2.35
(D) B + ARL D + CRL
In the two port network shown in the figure below, Z12 and Z21 and respectively
(A) re and r0 (C) 0 and ro

MCQ 2.36
(B) 0 and r0 (D) re and r0
The first and the last critical frequencies (singularities) of a driving point impedance function of a passive network having two kinds of elements, are a pole and a zero respectively. The above property will be satisfied by (B) RC network only (A) RL network only (C) LC network only
MCQ 2.37
(D) RC as well as RL networks
A 2 mH inductor with some initial current can be represented as shown below, where s is the Laplace Transform variable. The value of initial current is
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 0.5 A (C) 1.0 A

MCQ 2.38
(B) 2.0 A (D) 0.0 A
In the figure shown below, assume that all the capacitors are initially uncharged. If vi (t) = 10u (t) Volts, vo (t) is given by
(A) 8e -t/0.004 Volts (C) 8u (t) Volts

MCQ 2.39
(B) 8 (1 e -t/0.004) Volts (D) 8 Volts
A negative resistance Rneg is connected to a passive network N having driving point impedance as shown below. For Z2 (s) to be positive real,
(A) Rneg # Re Z1 (j), 6 (C) Rneg # Im Z1 (j), 6
(B) Rneg # Z1 (j) , 6 (D) Rneg # +Z1 (j), 6

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 2005 MCQ 2.40
ONE MARK
The condition on R, L and C such that the step response y (t) in the figure has no oscillations, is
(A) R $ 1 2 (C) R $ 2
MCQ 2.41
L C L C
(B) R $ (D) R =
L C 1 LC
The ABCD parameters of an ideal n: 1 transformer shown in the figure are n 0 >0 x H
The value of x will be (A) n (C) n2

MCQ 2.42
(B) 1 n (D) 12 n
In a series RLC circuit, R = 2 k , L = 1 H, and C = 1 F The 400 resonant frequency is (A) 2 # 10 4 Hz (B) 1 # 10 4 Hz (C) 10 4 Hz
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(D) 2 # 10 4 Hz

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.43
The maximum power that can be transferred to the load resistor RL from the voltage source in the figure is
(A) 1 W (C) 0.25 W

MCQ 2.44
(B) 10 W (D) 0.5 W
The first and the last critical frequency of an RC -driving point impedance function must respectively be (A) a zero and a pole (C) a pole and a pole (B) a zero and a zero (D) a pole and a zero
GATE 2005
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.45
For the circuit shown in the figure, the instantaneous current i1 (t) is
(A) 10 3 90c A 2 (C) 5 60c A
(B) 10 3 90c A 2 (D) 5 60c A

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.46
Impedance Z as shown in the given figure is
(A) j29 (C) j19

MCQ 2.47
(B) j9 (D) j39
For the circuit shown in the figure, Thevenins voltage and Thevenins equivalent resistance at terminals a b is
(A) 5 V and 2 (C) 4 V and 2

MCQ 2.48
(B) 7.5 V and 2.5 (D) 3 V and 2.5
If R1 = R2 = R4 = R and R3 = 1.1R in the bridge circuit shown in the figure, then the reading in the ideal voltmeter connected between a and b is
(A) 0.238 V (C) 0.238 V

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(B) 0.138 V (D) 1 V

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.49
The h parameters of the circuit shown in the figure are
0. 1 0. 1 (A) = 0. 1 0. 3 G 30 20 (C) = 20 20G

MCQ 2.50
10 1 (B) = 1 0.05G 10 1 (D) = 1 0.05G
A square pulse of 3 volts amplitude is applied to C R circuit shown in the figure. The capacitor is initially uncharged. The output voltage V2 at time t = 2 sec is
(A) 3 V (C) 4 V
(B) 3 V (D) 4 V
ONE MARK
GATE 2004 MCQ 2.51
Consider the network graph shown in the figure. Which one of the following is NOT a tree of this graph ?
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) a (C) c
(B) b (D) d
MCQ 2.52
The equivalent inductance measured between the terminals 1 and 2 for the circuit shown in the figure is
(A) L1 + L2 + M (C) L1 + L2 + 2M
MCQ 2.53
(B) L1 + L2 M (D)L1 + L2 2M
The circuit shown in the figure, with R = 1 , L = 1 H and C = 3 F 3 4 has input voltage v (t) = sin 2t . The resulting current i (t) is
(A) 5 sin (2t + 53.1c) (C) 25 sin (2t + 53.1c)

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(B) 5 sin (2t 53.1c) (D) 25 sin (2t 53.1c)

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.54
For the circuit shown in the figure, the time constant RC = 1 ms. The input voltage is vi (t) = 2 sin 103 t . The output voltage vo (t) is equal to
(A) sin (103 t 45c) (C) sin (103 t 53c)

MCQ 2.55
(B) sin (103 t + 45c) (D) sin (103 t + 53c)
For the R L circuit shown in the figure, the input voltage vi (t) = u (t) . The current i (t) is
GATE 2004 MCQ 2.56
TWO MARKS
For the lattice shown in the figure, Za = j2 and Zb = 2 . The values

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Chap 2 Networks
z11 z12 of the open circuit impedance parameters 6 z @ = = are z21 z22 G
1j 1+j (A) = 1 + j 1 + jG 1+j 1+j (C) = 1 j 1 jG
1j 1+j (B) = 1 + j 1 j G 1 + j 1 + j (D) = 1 + j 1 + j G
MCQ 2.57
The circuit shown in the figure has initial current iL (0) = 1 A through the inductor and an initial voltage vC (0) = 1 V across the capacitor. For input v (t) = u (t), the Laplace transform of the current i (t) for t $ 0 is
(A) (C)
s s2 + s + 1 s2 s +s+1
2
(B) (D)
s+2 s2 + s + 1 1 s +s+1
2
MCQ 2.58
The transfer function H (s) = H (s) =
Vo (s) of an RLC circuit is given by Vi (s)
106 s + 20s + 106

2
The Quality factor (Q-factor) of this circuit is (A) 25 (B) 50 (C) 100
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(D) 5000

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.59
For the circuit shown in the figure, the initial conditions are zero. Its V (s) transfer function H (s) = c is Vi (s)
(A)
1 s + 106 s + 106
2
(B)
106 s + 103 s + 106

2
(C)
103 s2 + 103 s + 106
(D)
106 s2 + 106 s + 106
MCQ 2.60
Consider the following statements S1 and S2 S1 : At the resonant frequency the impedance of a series RLC circuit is zero. S2 : In a parallel GLC circuit, increasing the conductance G results in increase in its Q factor. Which one of the following is correct? (A) S1 is FALSE and S2 is TRUE (B) Both S1 and S2 are TRUE (C) S1 is TRUE and S2 is FALSE (D) Both S1 and S2 are FALSE
GATE 2003
ONE MARK
MCQ 2.61
The minimum number of equations required to analyze the circuit shown in the figure is
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 3 (C) 6
MCQ 2.62
(B) 4 (D) 7
A source of angular frequency 1 rad/sec has a source impedance consisting of 1 resistance in series with 1 H inductance. The load that will obtain the maximum power transfer is (A) 1 resistance (B) 1 resistance in parallel with 1 H inductance (C) 1 resistance in series with 1 F capacitor (D) 1 resistance in parallel with 1 F capacitor
MCQ 2.63
A series RLC circuit has a resonance frequency of 1 kHz and a quality factor Q = 100 . If each of R, L and C is doubled from its original value, the new Q of the circuit is (A) 25 (B) 50 (C) 100
MCQ 2.64
(D) 200
The differential equation for the current i (t) in the circuit of the figure is
2 i (A) 2 d 2 + 2 di + i (t) = sin t dt dt
2 i (B) d 2 + 2 di + 2i (t) = cos t dt dt
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Chap 2 Networks
2 i (C) 2 d 2 + 2 di + i (t) = cos t dt dt 2 i (D) d 2 + 2 di + 2i (t) = sin t dt dt
GATE 2003
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.65
Twelve 1 resistance are used as edges to form a cube. The resistance between two diagonally opposite corners of the cube is (A) 5 6 (C) 6 5
MCQ 2.66
(B) 1 (D) 3 2
The current flowing through the resistance R in the circuit in the figure has the form P cos 4t where P is
(A) (0.18 + j0.72) (C) (0.18 + j1.90)
(B) (0.46 + j1.90) (D) (0.192 + j0.144)
The circuit for Q. 2.66 & 2.67 is given below.

Assume that the switch S is in position 1 for a long time and thrown to position 2 at t = 0 .
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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.67
At t = 0+ , the current i1 is (A) V 2R (C) V 4R

MCQ 2.68
(B) V R (D) zero
I1 (s) and I2 (s) are the Laplace transforms of i1 (t) and i2 (t) respectively. The equations for the loop currents I1 (s) and I2 (s) for the circuit shown in the figure, after the switch is brought from position 1 to position 2 at t = 0 , are
1 V R + Ls + Cs Ls I1 (s) s (A) > == G 1 R + Cs H=I2 (s)G Ls 0 1 R + Ls + Cs Ls I1 (s) V s (B) > H=I2 (s)G = = 0 G 1 R + Cs Ls 1 R + Ls + Cs Ls I1 (s) V s (C) > H=I2 (s)G = = 0 G 1 R + Ls + Cs Ls 1 V R + Ls + Cs Cs I1 (s) s (D) > G== G 1 H= R + Ls + Cs I2 (s) Ls 0
MCQ 2.69
The driving point impedance Z (s) of a network has the pole-zero locations as shown in the figure. If Z (0) = 3 , then Z (s) is
(A) (C)
3 (s + 3) s + 2s + 3
2
(B) (D)
2 (s + 3) s + 2s + 2
2
3 (s + 3) s + 2s + 2
2
2 (s 3) s 2s 3
2
MCQ 2.70
An input voltage v (t) = 10 2 cos (t + 10c) + 10 5 cos (2t + 10c)

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Chap 2 Networks
V is applied to a series combination of resistance R = 1 and an inductance L = 1 H. The resulting steady-state current i (t) in ampere is (A) 10 cos (t + 55c) + 10 cos (2t + 10c + tan1 2) (B) 10 cos (t + 55c) + 10 (D) 10 cos (t 35c) +
MCQ 2.71
3 2 3 2
cos (2t + 55c)
(C) 10 cos (t 35c) + 10 cos (2t + 10c tan1 2) cos (2t 35c)
The impedance parameters z11 and z12 of the two-port network in the figure are
(A) z11 = 2.75 and z12 = 0.25 (B) z11 = 3 and z12 = 0.5 (C) z11 = 3 and z12 = 0.25 (D) z11 = 2.25 and z12 = 0.5
GATE 2002
ONE MARK
MCQ 2.72
The dependent current source shown in the figure
(A) delivers 80 W (C) delivers 40 W
(B) absorbs 80 W (D) absorbs 40 W

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.73
In the figure, the switch was closed for a long time before opening at t = 0 . The voltage vx at t = 0+ is
(A) 25 V (C) 50 V
(B) 50 V (D) 0 V
GATE 2002
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.74
In the network of the fig, the maximum power is delivered to RL if its value is
(A) 16 (C) 60
MCQ 2.75
(B) 40 3 (D) 20
If the 3-phase balanced source in the figure delivers 1500 W at a leading power factor 0.844 then the value of ZL (in ohm) is approximately
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 90+32.44c (C) 80+ 32.44c

GATE 2001 MCQ 2.76
(B) 80+32.44c (D) 90+ 32.44c

ONE MARK
The Voltage e0 in the figure is
(A) 2 V (C) 4 V
MCQ 2.77
(B) 4/3 V (D) 8 V
If each branch of Delta circuit has impedance of the equivalent Wye circuit has impedance (B) 3Z (A) Z 3 (C) 3 3 Z (D) Z 3
MCQ 2.78
3 Z , then each branch
The admittance parameter Y12 in the 2-port network in Figure is
(A) 0.02 mho (C) 0.05 mho
(B) 0.1 mho (D) 0.05 mho

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 2001
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.79
The voltage e0 in the figure is
(A) 48 V (C) 36 V
MCQ 2.80
(B) 24 V (D) 28 V
When the angular frequency in the figure is varied 0 to 3, the locus of the current phasor I2 is given by
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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.81
In the figure, the value of the load resistor RL which maximizes the power delivered to it is
(A) 14.14 (C) 200

MCQ 2.82
(B) 10 (D) 28.28
The z parameters z11 and z21 for the 2-port network in the figure are
(A) z11 = 6 ; z21 = 16 11 11 (C) z11 = 6 ; z21 = 16 11 11

GATE 2000 MCQ 2.83
(B) z11 = 6 ; z21 = 4 11 11 (D) z11 = 4 ; z21 = 4 11 11

ONE MARK
The circuit of the figure represents a
(A) Low pass filter (C) band pass filter
(B) High pass filter (D) band reject filter

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Chap 2 Networks
MCQ 2.84
In the circuit of the figure, the voltage v (t) is
(A) eat ebt (C) aeat bebt
(B) eat + ebt (D) aeat + bebt
MCQ 2.85
In the circuit of the figure, the value of the voltage source E is
(A) 16 V (C) 6 V
(B) 4 V (D) 16 V
GATE 2000
TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.86
Use the data of the figure (a). The current i in the circuit of the figure (b)
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Chap 2 Networks
(A) 2 A (C) 4 A
GATE 1999 MCQ 2.87
(B) 2 A (D) 4 A
ONE MARK
Identify which of the following is NOT a tree of the graph shown in the given figure is
(A) begh (C) abfg

MCQ 2.88
(B) defg (D) aegh
A 2-port network is shown in the given figure. The parameter h21 for this network can be given by
(A) 1/2 (C) 3/2
(B) + 1/2 (D) + 3/2

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 1999 MCQ 2.89
TWO MARK
The Thevenin equivalent voltage VTH appearing between the terminals A and B of the network shown in the given figure is given by
(A) j16 (3 j4) (C) 16 (3 + j4)

MCQ 2.90
(B) j16 (3 + j4) (D) 16 (3 j4)
The value of R (in ohms) required for maximum power transfer in the network shown in the given figure is
(A) 2 (C) 8
MCQ 2.91
(B) 4 (D) 16
A Delta-connected network with its Wye-equivalent is shown in the given figure. The resistance R1, R2 and R3 (in ohms) are respectively
(A) 1.5, 3 and 9 (C) 9, 3 and 1.5

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(B) 3, 9 and 1.5 (D) 3, 1.5 and 9

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Chap 2 Networks
GATE 1998 MCQ 2.92
ONE MARK
A network has 7 nodes and 5 independent loops. The number of branches in the network is (A) 13 (C) 11
MCQ 2.93
(B) 12 (D) 10
The nodal method of circuit analysis is based on (A) KVL and Ohms law (C) KCL and KVL
MCQ 2.94
(B) KCL and Ohms law (D) KCL, KVL and Ohms law
Superposition theorem is NOT applicable to networks containing (A) nonlinear elements (C) dependent current sources
MCQ 2.95
(B) dependent voltage sources (D) transformers
The parallel RLC circuit shown in the figure is in resonance. In this circuit
(A) IR < 1 mA (C) IR + IC < 1 mA

MCQ 2.96
(B) IR + IL > 1 mA (D) IR + IC > 1 mA
0 1/2 The short-circuit admittance matrix a two-port network is > 1/2 0 H The two-port network is (A) non-reciprocal and passive (C) reciprocal and passive (B) non-reciprocal and active (D) reciprocal and acitve
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MCQ 2.97
The voltage across the terminals a and b in the figure is
(A) 0.5 V (C) 3.5 V

MCQ 2.98
(B) 3.0 V (D) 4.0 V
A high-Q quartz crystal exhibits series resonance at the frequency s and parallel resonance at the frequency p . Then (A) s is very close to, but less than p (B) s << p (C) s is very close to, but greater than p (D) s >> p
GATE 1997
ONE MARK
MCQ 2.99
The current i4 in the circuit of the figure is equal to
(A) 12 A (C) 4 A
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(B) 12 A (D) None or these

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MCQ 2.100
The voltage V in the figure equal to
(A) 3 V (C) 5 V
MCQ 2.101
(B) 3 V (D) None of these
The voltage V in the figure is always equal to
(A) 9 V (C) 1 V
MCQ 2.102
(B) 5 V (D) None of the above
The voltage V in the figure is
(A) 10 V (C) 5 V
MCQ 2.103
(B) 15 V (D) None of the above
In the circuit of the figure is the energy absorbed by the 4 resistor

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in the time interval (0, 3) is
(A) 36 Joules (C) 256 Joules
(B) 16 Joules (D) None of the above
MCQ 2.104
In the circuit of the figure the equivalent impedance seen across terminals a, b, is
(A) b 16 l 3 (C) b 8 + 12j l 3
(B) b 8 l 3 (D) None of the above
GATE 1996
ONE MARK
MCQ 2.105
In the given figure, A1, A2 and A3 are ideal ammeters. If A2 and A3 read 3 A and 4 A respectively, then A1 should read
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(A) 1 A (C) 7 A
MCQ 2.106
(B) 5 A (D) None of these
The number of independent loops for a network with n nodes and b branches is (A) n 1 (B) b n (C) b n + 1 (D) independent of the number of nodes
GATE 1996 MCQ 2.107
TWO MARKS
The voltages VC1, VC2, and VC3 across the capacitors in the circuit in the given figure, under steady state, are respectively.
(A) 80 V, 32 V, 48 V (C) 20 V, 8 V, 12 V
(B) 80 V, 48 V, 32 V (D) 20 V, 12 V, 8 V
***********
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SOLUTIONS
SOL 2.1
Replacing P Q by short circuit as shown below we have
Using current divider rule the current Isc is ISC = 25 (16 0 ) = (6.4 j4.8) A 25 + 15 + j30
Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.2
Power transferred to RL will be maximum when RL is equal to the thevenin resistance. We determine thevenin resistance by killing all source as follows :
RTH = 10 # 10 + 10 = 15 10 + 10 Hence (C) is correct option.

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SOL 2.3
The given circuit is shown below
For parallel combination of R and C equivalent impedance is R$ 1 j C R Zp = = 1 1 + jRC R+ j C Transfer function can be written as R 1 + jRC Vout = Z p = Vin R Zs + Zp R+ 1 + jC 1 + jRC jRC = jRC + (1 + jRC) 2 j = j + (1 + j) 2 j Vout = =1 3 Vin (1 + j) 2 + j Thus V v out = b p l cos (t/RC) 3
Here = 1 RC

SOL 2.4
From star delta conversion we have
Thus
R1 =
Ra Rb 6.6 = = 2 Ra + Rb + Rc 6 + 6 + 6
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Here R1 = R 2 = R 3 = 2 Replacing in circuit we have the circuit shown below :
Now the total impedance of circuit is Z = Current (2 + j4) (2 j4) +2 = 7 (2 + j4) (2 j4)
I = 14+0c = 2+0c 7
Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.5
From given admittance matrix we get I1 = 0.1V1 0.01V2 and I2 = 0.01V1 + 0.1V2 Now, applying KVL in outer loop; V2 = 100I2 or I2 = 0.01V2 From eq (2) and eq (3) we have 0.01V2 = 0.01V1 + 0.1V2 0.11V2 = 0.01V1 V2 = 1 11 V1 Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.6
...(1) ...(2)
...(3)
Here we take the current flow direction as positive. At t = 0 voltage across capacitor is 3 Q VC (0) = = 2.5 # 106 = 50 V C 50 # 10
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Thus VC (0+) = 50 V In steady state capacitor behave as open circuit thus V (3) = 100 V Now, VC (t) = VC (3) + (VC (0+) VC (3)) et/RC = 100 + ( 50 100) e 10 # 50 # 10 = 100 150e (2 # 10 t) ic (t) = C dV dt
3
Now
= 50 # 106 # 150 # 2 # 103 e2 # 10 t A

3
= 15e2 # 10 t
3
ic (t) = 15 exp ( 2 # 103 t) A Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.7
Given circuit is as shown below
By writing node equation at input port I1 = V1 + V1 V2 = 4V1 2V2 0.5 0.5 By writing node equation at output port I2 = V2 + V2 V1 = 2V1 + 4V2 0.5 0.5 From (1) and (2), we have admittance matrix 4 2 Y => 2 4H Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.8
...(1)
...(2)
A parallel RLC circuit is shown below :

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Input impedance Z in = At resonance So,
1 1 + 1 + j C R j L
1 = C L Z in = 1 = R 1/R (maximum at resonance)
Thus (D) is not true. Furthermore bandwidth is B i.e B \ 1 and is independent of L, R Hence statements A, B, C, are true. Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.9
Let the current i (t) = A + Bet/ " Time constant When the switch S is open for a long time before t < 0 , the circuit is
At t = 0 , inductor current does not change simultaneously, So the circuit is
Current is resistor (AB) i (0) = 0.75 = 0.375 A 2 Similarly for steady state the circuit is as shown below
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i (3) = 15 = 0.5 A 3
3 = L = 15 # 10 = 103 sec Req 10 + (10 || 10)
i (t) = A + Be 1 # 10 = A + Be100t Now i (0) = A + B = 0.375 and i (3) = A = 0.5 So, B = 0.375 0.5 = 0.125 Hence i (t) = 0.5 0.125e1000 t A Hence (A) is correct option.
3
SOL 2.10
Circuit is redrawn as shown below
Where,
Z1 = jL = j # 103 # 20 # 103 = 20j Z2 = R || XC 1 XC = 1 = = 20j jC j # 103 # 50 # 106 1 ( 20j) Z2 = R = 1 1 20j 20j c 1 20j m 20j c 20j 1 20j m
Voltage across Z2 VZ =
2
Z2 : 20 0 = Z1 + Z 2
: 20
=c
( 20j) : 20 = j 20j + 400 20j m

2
Current in resistor R is j V I = Z = = j A 1 R Hence (A) is correct option.

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SOL 2.11
The circuit can be redrawn as
Applying nodal analysis VA 10 + 1 + VA 0 = 0 2 2 Current, 2VA 10 + 2 = 0 = V4 = 4 V I1 = 10 4 = 3 A 2
Current from voltage source is I 2 = I1 3 = 0 Since current through voltage source is zero, therefore power delivered is zero. Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.12
Circuit is as shown below
Since 60 V source is absorbing power. So, in 60 V source current flows from + to - ve direction So, I + I1 = 12 I = 12 I1 I is always less then 12 A So, only option (A) satisfies this conditions. Hence (A) is correct option.
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SOL 2.13
For given network we have (RL XC ) Vi V0 = R + (RL XC ) RL V0 (s) RL 1 + sRL C = = RL Vi (s) R + RRL sC + RL R+ 1 + sRL C RL 1 = = R + RsC R + RRL sC + RL 1+ RL But we have been given V (s) 1 = T .F. = 0 2 + sCR Vi (s) Comparing, we get 1 + R = 2 & RL = R RL Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.14
The energy delivered in 10 minutes is E =
# VIdt = I #Vdt 0 0
t t
= I # Area
= 2 # 1 (10 + 12) # 600 = 13.2 kJ 2 Hence (C) is correct option.

SOL 2.15
From given circuit the load current is 20+0c = = 20+0c IL = V Zs + ZL (1 + 2j) + (7 + 4j) 8 + 6j where = tan - 1 3 = 1 (8 6j) = 20+0c = 2+ 10+ 5 4 The voltage across load is VL = IL ZL The reactive power consumed by load is * * Pr = VL IL = IL ZL # IL = ZL IL 2 2 = (7 # 4j) 20+0c = (7 + 4j) = 28 + 16j 8 + 6j Thus average power is 28 and reactive power is 16. Hence (B) is correct option.
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SOL 2.16
At t = 0 , the circuit is as shown in fig below :
V (0) = 100 V Thus V (0+) = 100 V At t = 0+ , the circuit is as shown below
I (0+) = 100 = 20 mA 5k At steady state i.e. at t = 3 is I (3)= 0 Now i (t) = I (0+) e Ceq =
t RCeq
u (t)
(0.5 + 0.3) 0.2 = 0.16 F 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.2
1 1 = = 1250 RCeq 5 # 103 # 0.16 # 106 i (t) = 20e1250t u (t) mA Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.17
For Pmax the load resistance RL must be equal to thevenin resistance Req i.e. RL = Req . The open circuit and short circuit is as shown below
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The open circuit voltage is Voc = 100 V From fig I1 = 100 = 12.5 A 8 Vx = 4 # 12.5 = 50 V I2 = 100 + Vx = 100 50 = 12.5 A 4 4 Isc = I1 + I2 = 25 A Rth = Voc = 100 = 4 Isc 25 Thus for maximum power transfer RL = Req = 4 Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.18
Steady state all transient effect die out and inductor act as short circuits and forced response acts only. It doesnt depend on initial current state. From the given time domain behavior we get that circuit has only R and L in series with V0 . Thus at steady state i (t) " i (3) = V0 R Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.19
The given graph is
There can be four possible tree of this graph which are as follows:
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There can be 6 different possible cut-set.
Hence (C) is correct option.

SOL 2.20
Initially i (0) = 0 therefore due to inductor i (0+) = 0 . Thus all current Is will flow in resistor R and voltage across resistor will be Is Rs . The voltage across inductor will be equal to voltage across Rs as no current flow through R.
Thus but Thus
vL (0+) = Is Rs di (0+) + vL (0 ) = L dt di (0+) vL (0+) Is Rs = = L L dt

SOL 2.21
Killing all current source and voltage sources we have,
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1 Zth = (1 + s) ( s + 1) 1 (1 + s)( s + 1) [ 1 + 1 + 1 + s] = = s 1 1 (1 + s) + ( s + 1) s+ s +1+1
or Zth = 1 Alternative : Here at DC source capacitor act as open circuit and inductor act as short circuit. Thus we can directly calculate thevenin Impedance as 1 Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.22
Z (s) = R 1 sL = 2 sC s + We have been given Z (s) = 2 0.2s s + 0.1s + 2 Comparing with given we get 1 = 0.2 or C = 5 F C 1 = 0.1 or R = 2 RC 1 = 2 or L = 0.1 H LC Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.23
s C s RC
1 LC
Voltage across capacitor is t Vc = 1 idt C 0
Here C = 1 F and i = 1 A. Therefore Vc = dt 0 For 0 < t < T , capacitor will be charged from 0 V Vc = dt = t 0 At t = T, Vc = T Volts For T < t < 2T , capacitor will be discharged from T volts as Vc = T dt = 2T t T At t = 2T, Vc = 0 volts For 2T < t < 3T , capacitor will be charged from 0 V
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Vc = dt = t 2T 2T At t = 3T, Vc = T Volts For 3T < t < 4T , capacitor will be discharged from T Volts Vc = T dt = 4T t 3T At t = 4T, Vc = 0 Volts For 4T < t < 5T , capacitor will be charged from 0 V Vc = dt = t 4T 4T At t = 5T, Vc = T Volts Thus the output waveform is
Only option C satisfy this waveform. Hence (C) is correct option.

SOL 2.24
Writing in transform domain we have 1 Vc (s) = 1 s = 2 1 Vs (s) ^ s + s + 1h (s + s + 1) Since Vs (t) = (t) " Vs (s) = 1 and Vc (s) = 2 1 (s + s + 1)
2 Vc (s) = 2 = 3 G 3 (s + 1 ) 2 + 4 2 Taking inverse laplace transform we have Vt = 2 e sin c 3 t m 2 3 Hence (D) is correct option. 3
or
t 2
SOL 2.25
Let voltage across resistor be vR VR (s) = 1 1 = 2 s VS (s) ( s + s + 1) (s + s + 1) Since vs = (t) " Vs (s) = 1 we get
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VR (s) =
or
s s = 3 (s2 + s + 1) (s + 1 ) 2 + 4 2 1 (s + 1 ) 2 2 = 3 3 (s + 1 ) 2 + 4 (s + 1 ) 2 + 4 2 2 vR (t) = e cos 3 t 1 # 2 e sin 3 t 2 2 2 3

1 2 1 2
= e 2 =cos Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.26
3 t 1 sin 3 t 2 2 G 3
From the problem statement we have z11 = v1 = 6 = 1.5 i1 i = 0 4 z12 = v1 = 4.5 = 4.5 i2 i = 0 1 z21 = v2 = 6 = 1.5 i1 i = 0 4 z22 = v2 = 1.5 = 1.5 i2 i = 0 1
2 1 2 2
Thus z -parameter matrix is z11 z12 1.5 4.5 =z z G = =1.5 1.5 G 21 22 Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.27
From the problem statement we h12 = v1 = v2 i = 0 h22 = i2 = v2 i = 0

1 1
have 4. 5 = 3 1. 5 1 = 0.67 1.5
From z matrix, we have v1 = z11 i1 + z12 i2 v2 = z21 i1 + z22 i2 If v2 = 0 i2 = z21 = 1.5 = 1 = h Then 21 i1 z22 1.5 or i2 = i1 Putting in equation for v1, we get v1 = (z11 z12) i1
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v1 = h11 = z11 z12 = 1.5 4.5 = 3 i1 v = 0 Hence h parameter will be h11 h12 3 3 =h h G = = 1 0.67 G 21 22
2

SOL 2.28
According to maximum Power Transform Theorem * ZL = Zs = (Rs jXs) Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.29
At " 3 , capacitor acts as short circuited and circuit acts as shown in fig below
Here we get V0 = 0 Vi At " 0 , capacitor acts as open circuited and circuit look like as shown in fig below
Here we get also V0 = 0 Vi So frequency response of the circuit is as shown in fig and circuit is a Band pass filter.

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SOL 2.30
We know that bandwidth of series RLC circuit is R . Therefore L Bandwidth of filter 1 is B1 = R L1 Bandwidth of filter 2 is B2 = R = R = 4R L2 L1 L1 /4 Dividing above equation B1 = 1 B2 4 Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.31
Here Vth is voltage across node also. Applying nodal analysis we get
Vth + Vth + Vth 2i = 2 2 1 1 But from circuit i = Vth = Vth 1
Therefore Vth + Vth + Vth 2Vth = 2 2 1 1 or Vth = 4 volt From the figure shown below it may be easily seen that the short circuit current at terminal XY is isc = 2 A because i = 0 due to short circuit of 1 resistor and all current will pass through short circuit.
Therefore
Rth = Vth = 4 = 2 isc 2

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Hence (D) is correct option. GATE Previous Year Solved Paper By RK Kanodia & Ashish Murolia
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SOL 2.32
The voltage across capacitor is At t = 0+ , Vc (0+) = 0 At t = 3 , VC (3) = 5 V The equivalent resistance seen by capacitor as shown in fig is Req = 20 20 = 10k
Time constant of the circuit is = Req C = 10k # 4 = 0.04 s Using direct formula Vc (t) = VC (3) [Vc (3) Vc (0)] et/ = VC (3) (1 et/) + VC (0) et/ = 5 (1 et/0.04) or Vc (t) = 5 (1 e25t) dV (t) Now IC (t) = C C dt = 4 # 106 # ( 5 # 25e25t) = 0.5e25t mA Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.33
Impedance
= (5 3j) (5 + 3j) = =
(5 3j) # (5 + 3j) 5 3j + 5 + 3j
(5) 2 (3j) 2 = 25 + 9 = 3.4 10 10
VAB = Current # Impedance = 5+30c # 34 = 17+30c Hence (D) is correct option.

SOL 2.34
The network is shown in figure below.
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Now and also From (1) and (2) Thus
V1 = AV2 BI2 I1 = CV2 DI2 V2 = I2 RL we get V1 = AV2 BI2 I1 CV2 DI2
...(1) ...(2) ...(3)
Substituting value of V2 from (3) we get Input Impedance Zin = A # I2 RL BI2 C # I2 RL DI2 or Zin = ARL + B CRL + D Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.35
The circuit is as shown below.
At input port V1 = re I1 At output port V2 = r0 (I2 I1) = r0 I1 + r0 I2 Comparing standard equation V1 = z11 I1 + z12 I2 V2 = z21 I1 + z22 I2 z12 = 0 and z21 = r0 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.36
For series RC network input impedance is Zins = 1 + R = 1 + sRC sC sC Thus pole is at origin and zero is at 1 RC For parallel RC network input impedance is 1 R sC sC = Zin = 1 +R 1 + sRC sC
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Thus pole is at 1 and zero is at infinity. RC Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.37
We know
v = Ldi dt
Taking laplace transform we get V (s) = sLI (s) Li (0+) As per given in question Li (0+) = 1 mV Thus i (0+) = 1 mV = 0.5 A 2 mH Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.38
At initial all voltage are zero. So output is also zero. Thus v0 (0+) = 0 At steady state capacitor act as open circuit.
Thus,
v0 (3) = 4 # vi = 4 # 10 = 8 5 5
The equivalent resistance and capacitance can be calculate after killing all source
Req = 1 4 = 0.8 k
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Ceq = 4 1 = 5 F = Req Ceq = 0.8k # 5F = 4 ms v0 (t) = v 0 (3) [v 0 (3) v 0 (0+)] et/ = 8 (8 0) et/0.004 v0 (t) = 8 (1 et/0.004) Volts Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.39
Here Z2 (s) = Rneg + Z1 (s) or Z2 (s) = Rneg + Re Z1 (s) + j Im Z1 (s) For Z2 (s) to be positive real, Re Z2 (s) $ 0 Thus Rneg + Re Z1 (s) $ 0 or Re Z1 (s) $ Rneg But Rneg is negative quantity and Rneg is positive quantity. Therefore Re Z1 (s) $ Rneg or For all . Rneg # Re Z1 (j) Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.40
Transfer function is 1 1 Y (s) 1 sC LC = = 2 = U (s) s LC + scR + 1 R + sL + 1 s2 + R s + 1 sC L LC

2 Comparing with s2 + 2n s + n = 0 we have Here 2n = R , L
and Thus
n =
1 LC LC = R 2 C L
= R 2L
For no oscillations, $ 1 R C $1 Thus 2 L or R $2 L C

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Hence (C) is correct option. GATE Previous Year Solved Paper By RK Kanodia & Ashish Murolia
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SOL 2.41
For given transformer I2 = V1 = n I1 V2 1 or I1 = I2 and V1 = nV2 n Comparing with standard equation V1 = AV2 + BI2 I1 = CV2 + DI2 A B n 0 =C D G = = 0 1 G n Thus x = 1 n Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.42
We have L = 1H and C = 1 # 106 400 Resonant frequency f0 = 1 == 2 LC 2 1 1 # 1 # 10 - 6 400
3 4 = 10 # 20 = 10 Hz 2

SOL 2.43
Maximum power will be transferred when RL = Rs = 100 In this case voltage across RL is 5 V, therefore 2 Pmax = V = 5 # 5 = 0.25 W R 100 Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.44
For stability poles and zero interlace on real axis. In RC series network the driving point impedance is Zins = R + 1 = 1 + sRC Cs sC Here pole is at origin and zero is at s = 1/RC , therefore first critical frequency is a pole and last critical frequency is a zero.
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For RC parallel network the driving point impedance is R 1 R Cs = Zinp = 1 1 + sRC R+ Cs Here pole is s = 1/RC and zero is at 3, therefore first critical frequency is a pole and last critical frequency is a zero. Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.45
Applying KCL we get i1 (t) + 5+0c = 10+60c or i1 (t) = 10+60c 5+0c = 5 + 5 3j 5 or i1 (t) = 5 3 +90c = 10 3 +90c 2 Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.46
If L1 = j5 and L3 = j2 the mutual induction is subtractive because current enters from dotted terminal of j2 coil and exit from dotted terminal of j5. If L2 = j2 and L3 = j2 the mutual induction is additive because current enters from dotted terminal of both coil. Thus Z = L1 M13 + L2 + M23 + L3 M31 + M32 = j5 + j10 + j2 + j10 + j2 j10 + j10 = j9 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.47
Open circuit at terminal ab is shown below
Applying KCL at node we get Vab + Vab 10 = 1 5 5 or Vab = 7.5 = Vth Short circuit at terminal ab is shown below
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Short circuit current from terminal ab is Isc = 1 + 10 = 3 A 5 Thus Rth = Vth = 7.5 = 2.5 Isc 3
Here current source being in series with dependent voltage source make it ineffective. Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.48
Here Va = 5 V because R1 = R2 and total voltage drop is 10 V. Now Vb = R3 # 10 = 1.1 # 10 = 5.238 V R3 + R4 2.1 V = Va Vb = 5 5.238 = 0.238 V Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.49
For h parameters we have to write V1 and I2 in terms of I1 and V2 . V1 = h11 I1 + h12 V2 I2 = h21 I1 + h22 V2 Applying KVL at input port V1 = 10I1 + V2 Applying KCL at output port V2 = I + I 1 2 20 or I2 = I1 + V2 20
Thus from above equation we get h11 h12 10 1 =h h G = = 1 0.05G 12 22 Hence (D) is correct option.
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SOL 2.50
Time constant RC = 0.1 # 10 - 6 # 103 = 10 - 4 sec Since time constant RC is very small, so steady state will be reached in 2 sec. At t = 2 sec the circuit is as shown in fig.
Vc = 3 V V2 = Vc = 3 V Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.51
For a tree there must not be any loop. So a, c, and d dont have any loop. Only b has loop. Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.52
The sign of M is as per sign of L If current enters or exit the dotted terminals of both coil. The sign of M is opposite of L If current enters in dotted terminal of a coil and exit from the dotted terminal of other coil. Thus Leq = L1 + L2 2M Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.53
Here = 2 and V = 1+0c Y = 1 + j C + 1 R j L = 3 + j 2 # 3 + 1 1 = 3 + j4 j2 # 4 = 5+ tan - 1 4 = 5+53.11c 3 I = V * Y = (1+0c)( 5+53.1c) = 5+53.1c Thus i (t) = 5 sin (2t + 53.1c) Hence (A) is correct option.
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SOL 2.54
vi (t) = 2 sin 103 t Here = 103 rad and Vi = 2 +0c 1 jC 1 Now V0 = .Vt = V 1 1 + jCR i R+ j C 1 2 +0c = 1 + j # 103 # 10 - 3 = 1 45c v0 (t) = sin (103 t 45c) Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.55
Input voltage Taking laplace transform Impedance
vi (t) = u (t) Vi (s) = 1 s
or
Z (s) = s + 2 V (s) 1 I (s) = i = s + 2 s (s + 2) I (s) = 1 ; 1 1 E 2 s s+2
Taking inverse laplace transform i (t) = 1 (1 e2t) u (t) 2 At t = 0 , i (t) = 0 1 At t = 2 , i (t) = 0.31 At t = 3 , i (t) = 0.5 Graph (C) satisfies all these conditions. Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.56
We know that V1 = z11 I1 + z12 I2 V2 = z11 I1 + z22 I2 z11 = V1 I1 I = 0

2
where
z21 = V2 I1
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I1 = 0
Consider the given lattice network, when I2 = 0 . There is two similar GATE Previous Year Solved Paper By RK Kanodia & Ashish Murolia
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Chap 2 Networks
path in the circuit for the current I1. So I = 1 I1 2
For z11 applying KVL at input port we get V1 = I (Za + Zb) Thus V1 = 1 I1 (Za + Zb) 2 z11 = 1 (Za + Zb) 2 For Z21 applying KVL at output port we get V2 = Za I1 Zb I1 2 2 Thus V2 = 1 I1 (Za Zb) 2 z21 = 1 (Za Zb) 2 For this circuit z11 = z22 and z12 = z21. Thus V R S Za + Zb Za Zb W z11 z12 2 2 =z z G = S Za Zb Za + Zb W W S 21 22 S 2 2 W X T Here Za = 2j and Zb = 2 z11 z12 1+j j1 Thus =z z G = = j 1 1 + j G 21 22 Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.57
Applying KVL, v (t) = Ri (t) + Taking L.T. on both sides, V (s) = RI (s) + LsI (s) Li (0+) + v (t) = u (t) thus V (s) = 1 s
Page 103
Ldi (t) 1 + dt C
# 0
i (t) dt I (s) vc (0+) + sC sC

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1 = I (s) + sI (s) 1 + I (s) 1 s s s 2 + 1 = I (s) 6s2 + s + 1@ s s or I (s) = 2 s + 2 s +s+1 Hence (B) is correct option. Hence
SOL 2.58
Characteristics equation is s2 + 20s + 106 = 0 2 Comparing with s2 + 2n s + n = 0 we have n = 106 = 103 2 = 20 Thus 2 = 203 = 0.02 10 Now Q = 1 = 1 = 50 2 0.02 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.59
H (s) =
V0 (s) Vi (s)
1 1 sC = = 2 1 s LC + sCR + 1 R + sL + sC 1 = 2 2 s (10 # 104) + s (104 # 10 4) + 1 106 = 6 2 1 = 2 10 s + s + 1 s + 106 s + 106 Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.60
Impedance of series RLC circuit at resonant frequency is minimum, not zero. Actually imaginary part is zero. Z = R + j ` L 1 j C At resonance L 1 = 0 and Z = R that is purely resistive. Thus C S1 is false
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Now quality factorQ = R Since G = 1 , R Q = 1 G
C L C L
If G - then Q . provided C and L are constant. Thus S2 is also false. Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.61
Number of loops = b n + 1 = minimum number of equation Number of branches = b = 8 Number of nodes = n = 5 Minimum number of equation = 85+1 = 4 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.62
For maximum power transfer * ZL = ZS = Rs jXs Thus ZL = 1 1j Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.63
Q = 1 R
L C L =Q C 2
When R, L and C are doubled, 2L = 1 Q' = 1 2R 2C 2R Thus Q' = 100 = 50 2 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.64
Applying KVL we get, di (t) 1 + i (t) dt dt C di (t) sin t = 2i (t) + 2 + i (t) dt dt sin t = Ri (t) + L or
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Differentiating with respect to t , we get 2di (t) 2d2 i (t) cos t = + i (t) + dt dt2 Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.65
For current i there is 3 similar path. So current will be divide in three path
so, we get Vab b i # 1l b i # 1l b 1 # 1l = 0 3 6 3 Vab = R = 1 + 1 + 1 = 5 eq i 6 3 6 3 Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.66
Data are missing in question as L1 &L2 are not given.

SOL 2.67
At t = 0 - circuit is in steady state. So inductor act as short circuit and capacitor act as open circuit.
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i1 (0 -) = i2 (0 -) = 0 vc (0 -) = V At t = 0+ the circuit is as shown in fig. The voltage across capacitor and current in inductor cant be changed instantaneously. Thus
At t = 0 - ,
At t = 0+ ,
i1 = i2 = V 2R

SOL 2.68
When switch is in position 2, as shown in fig in question, applying KVL in loop (1), RI1 (s) + V + 1 I1 (s) + sL [I1 (s) I2 (s)] = 0 s sC or I1 (s) 8R + 1 + sL B I2 (s) sL = V s sc
z11 I1 + z12 I2 = V1 Applying KVL in loop 2, sL [I2 (s) I1 (s)] + RI2 (s) + 1 I2 (s) = 0 sC Z12 I1 + Z22 I2 = V2 or sLI1 (s) + 8R + sL + 1 BI2 (s) = 0 sc Now comparing with Z11 Z12 I1 V1 =Z Z G=I G = =V G 21 22 2 2 we get R sL SR + sL + 1 sC S R + sL + 1 sL S S sC T Hence (C) is correct option. V W I1 (s) V W= G => s H W I2 (s) 0 W X
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SOL 2.69
Zeros = 3 Pole1 = 1 + j Pole 2 = 1 j K (s + 3) Z (s) = (s + 1 + j)( s + 1 j) = K (s + 3) K (s + 3) = 2 2 (s + 1) j (s + 1) 2 + 1
From problem statement Z (0) = 0 = 3 Thus 3K = 3 and we get K = 2 2 2 (s + 3) Z (s) = 2 s + 2s + 2 Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.70
v (t) = 10 2 cos (t + 10c) + 10 5 cos (2t + 10c) 1 4444 2 4444 3 1 4444 2 4444 3 4 4
v1 v2
Thus we get 1 = 1 and 2 = 2 Now Z1 = R + j1 L = 1 + j1 Z2 = R + j2 L = 1 + j2 v (t) v (t) i (t) = 1 + 2 Z1 Z2 = = = 10 2 cos (t + 10c) 10 5 cos (2t + 10c) + 1+j 1 + j2 10 2 cos (t + 10c) 10 5 cos (2t + 10c) + 12 + 22 + tan1 1 12 + 22 tan1 2 10 2 cos (t + 10c) 10 5 cos (2t + 10c) + 2 + tan1 45c 5 tan1 2
i (t) = 10 cos (t 35c) + 10 cos (2t + 10c tan1 2) Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.71
Using 3 Y conversion
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2 # 1 = 2 = 0. 5 2+1+1 4 R2 = 1 # 1 = 1 = 0.25 2+1+1 4 R3 = 2 # 1 = 0.5 2+1+1 R1 = Now the circuit is as shown in figure below.
Now
z11 = V1 I1
I2 = 0
= 2 + 0.5 + 0.25 = 2.75
z12 = R3 = 0.25 Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.72
Applying KCL at for node 2,
V2 + V2 V1 = V1 5 5 5 or V2 = V1 = 20 V Voltage across dependent current source is 20 thus power delivered by it is PV2 # V1 = 20 # 20 = 80 W 5 5 It deliver power because current flows from its +ive terminals. Hence (A) is correct option.
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SOL 2.73
When switch was closed, in steady state, iL (0 -) = 2.5 A
At t = 0+ , iL (0+) = iL (0 -) = 2.5 A and all this current of will pass through 2 resistor. Thus Vx = 2.5 # 20 = 50 V Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.74
For maximum power delivered, RL must be equal to Rth across same terminal.
Applying KCL at Node, we get 0.5I1 = Vth + I1 20 or but Vth + 10I1 = 0 I1 = Vth 50 40
Thus Vth + Vth 50 = 0 4 or

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Vth = 10 V
For Isc the circuit is shown in figure below. GATE Previous Year Solved Paper By RK Kanodia & Ashish Murolia
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Chap 2 Networks
but
Isc = 0.5I1 I1 = 0.5I1 I1 = 50 = 1.25 A 40 Isc = 0.5 # 12.5 = 0.625 A Rth = Vth = 10 = 16 Isc 0.625

SOL 2.75
IP , VP " Phase current and Phase voltage IL, VL " Line current and line voltage Now VP = c VL m and IP = IL 3 So, Power = 3VP IL cos 1500 = 3 c VL m (IL) cos 3 also IL = c VL m 3 ZL 1500 = 3 c VL mc VL m cos 3 3 ZL 2 (400) (.844) ZL = = 90 1500 As power factor is leading So, cos = 0.844 " = 32.44 As phase current leads phase voltage ZL = 90+ = 90+ 32.44c Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.76
Applying KCL, we get e0 12 + e0 + e0 = 0 4 4 2+2 or Hence (C) is correct option. e0 = 4 V

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SOL 2.77
The star delta circuit is shown as below
Here and
ZAB = ZBC = ZCA = 3 Z ZAB ZCA ZA = ZAB + ZBC + ZCA ZB = ZC = ZAB ZBC ZAB + ZBC + ZCA ZBC ZCA ZAB + ZBC + ZCA 3Z 3Z = Z 3Z+ 3Z+ 3Z 3
Now
ZA = ZB = ZC =

SOL 2.78
y11 y12 y1 + y3 y3 =y y G = = y y + y G 21 22 3 2 3 y12 = y3 y12 = 1 = 0.05 mho 20 Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.79
We apply source conversion the circuit as shown in fig below.
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Chap 2 Networks
Now applying nodal analysis we have e0 80 + e0 + e0 16 = 0 10 + 2 12 6 or 4e0 = 112 e0 = 112 = 28 V 4
Hence (D) is correct option.

SOL 2.80
At = 0 and at = 3,
jC I2 = Em +0c = Em +0c 1 1 + jCR2 R2 + jC +90c +I2 = + tan1 CR2 E m C I2 = + (90c tan1 CR2) 2 2 2 1 + C R2 I2 = 0 I2 = Em R2
Only fig. given in option (A) satisfies both conditions. Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.81
Xs = L = 10 For maximum power transfer 2 2 RL = Rs + Xs = Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.82
102 + 102 = 14.14
Applying KVL in LHS loop E1 = 2I1 + 4 (I1 + I2) 10E1 or E1 = 6I1 + 4I2 11 11 Thus z11 = 6 11 Applying KVL in RHS loop E2 = 4 (I1 + I2) 10E1 = 4 (I1 + I2) 10 c 6I1 + 4I2 m 11 11 = 16I1 + 4I2 11 11
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Chap 2 Networks
Thus z21 = 16 11 Hence (C) is correct option.

SOL 2.83
At = 0 , circuit act as shown in figure below.
V0 = RL Vs RL + Rs At w = 3 , circuit act as shown in figure below:
(finite value)
V0 = RL Vs RL + Rs At resonant frequency = V0 = 0 .
(finite value)
1 circuit acts as shown in fig and LC
Thus it is a band reject filter. Hence (D) is correct option.

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Chap 2 Networks
SOL 2.84
Applying KCL we get iL = eat + ebt Now V (t) = vL = L diL = L d [eat + ebt] = aeat + bebt dt dt Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.85
Going from 10 V to 0 V
10 + 5 + E + 1 = 0 or E = 16 V Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.86
This is a reciprocal and linear network. So we can apply reciprocity theorem which states Two loops A & B of a network N and if an ideal voltage source E in loop A produces a current I in loop B , then interchanging positions an identical source in loop B produces the same current in loop A. Since network is linear, principle of homogeneity may be applied and when volt source is doubled, current also doubles. Now applying reciprocity theorem i = 2 A for 10 V V = 10 V, i = 2 A V = 20 V, i = 4 A Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.87
Tree is the set of those branch which does not make any loop and
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Chap 2 Networks
connects all the nodes. abfg is not a tree because it contains a loop l node (4) is not connected

SOL 2.88
For a 2-port network the parameter h21 is defined as h21 = I2 I1 V = 0 (short circuit)
2
Applying node equation at node a we get Va V1 + Va 0 + Va 0 = 0 R R R 3Va = V1 Now & Va = V1 3
V1 V1 Va = V1 3 = 2V1 I1 = R R 3R V1 0 Va = 0 3 = V1 I2 = R R 3R I2 I1
V2 = 0
and Thus
= h21 =
V1 /3R 1 = 2 2V1 /3R

SOL 2.89
Applying node equation at node A Vth 100 (1 + j0) Vth 0 =0 + 3 4j

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Chap 2 Networks
or or By simplifying
4jVth 4j100 + 3Vth = 0 Vth (3 + 4j) = 4j100 4j100 Vth = 3 + 4j Vth = 4j100 3 4j 3 + 4j # 3 4j
Vth = 16j (3 j4) Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.90
For maximum power transfer RL should be equal to RTh at same terminal. so, equivalent Resistor of the circuit is
Req = 5 20 + 4 Req = 5.20 + 4 = 4 + 4 = 8 5 + 20 Hence (C) is correct option.

SOL 2.91
Delta to star conversion Rab Rac = 5 # 30 = 150 = 3 R1 = 50 Rab + Rac + Rbc 5 + 30 + 15 R2 = R3 = Rab Rbc = 5 # 15 = 1.5 Rab + Rac + Rbc 5 + 30 + 15 Rac Rbc = 15 # 30 = 9 Rab + Rac + Rbc 5 + 30 + 15
Hence (D) is correct option.

SOL 2.92
No. of branches = n + l 1 = 7 + 5 1 = 11 Hence (C) is correct option.

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Chap 2 Networks
SOL 2.93
In nodal method we sum up all the currents coming & going at the node So it is based on KCL. Furthermore we use ohms law to determine current in individual branch. Thus it is also based on ohms law. Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.94
Superposition theorem is applicable to only linear circuits. Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.95

SOL 2.96
For reciprocal network y12 = y21 but here y12 = 1 ! y21 = 1 . Thus 2 2 circuit is non reciprocal. Furthermore only reciprocal circuit are passive circuit. Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.97
Taking b as reference node and applying KCL at a we get Vab 1 + Vab = 3 2 2 or or Vab 1 + Vab = 6 Vab = 6 + 1 = 3.5 V 2

SOL 2.98

SOL 2.99
The given figure is shown below.

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Applying KCL at node a we have I = i 0 + i1 = 7 + 5 = 12 A Applying KCL at node f I = i 4 so i 4 = 12 amp Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.100
so V = 3 0 = 3 volt Hence (A) is correct option.

SOL 2.101
Can not determined V without knowing the elements in box. Hence (D) is correct option.
SOL 2.102
The voltage V is the voltage across voltage source and that is 10 V. Hence (A) is correct option.
SOL 2.103
Voltage across capacitor VC (t) = VC (3) + (VC (0) VC (3)) e RC Here VC (3) = 10 V and (VC (0) = 6 V. Thus
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t

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Chap 2 Networks
Now
VC (t) = 10 + (6 10) e RC = 10 4e RC = 10 4e 8 VR (t) = 10 VC (t)

t t
= 10 10 + 4e RC = 4e RC Energy absorbed by resistor t 2 t 3 V R (t) 3 16e 4 3 E # = # = # 4e 4 = 16 J 4 R 0 0 0 Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.104
It is a balanced whetstone bridge R1 R 3 b R2 = R 4 l so equivalent circuit is
Zeq = (4 8) = 4 # 8 = 8 3 4+8 Hence (B) is correct option.

SOL 2.105
Current in A2 , I2 = 3 amp Inductor current can be defined as I2 = 3j Current in A 3 , I3 = 4 Total current I1 = I 2 + I 3 I1 = 4 3j I = (4) 2 + (3) 2 = 5 amp Hence (B) is correct option.
SOL 2.106
For a tree we have (n 1) branches. Links are the branches which from a loop, when connect two nodes of tree. so if total no. of branches = b
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No. of links = b (n 1) = b n + 1 Total no. of links in equal to total no. of independent loops. Hence (C) is correct option.
SOL 2.107
In the steady state condition all capacitors behaves as open circuit & Inductors behaves as short circuits as shown below :
Thus voltage across capacitor C1 is VC = 100 # 40 = 80 V 10 + 40

1
Now the circuit faced by capacitor C2 and C 3 can be drawn as below :
Voltage across capacitor C2 and C 3 are VC = 80 C 3 = 80 # 3 = 48 volt 5 C2 + C3

2
VC = 80
3
C2 = 80 2 = 32 volt #5 C2 + C3
***********
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UNIT 2 Networks

GATE 2011 MCQ 2.1

(A) 6.4 j 4.8 (C) 10 + j 0

(B) 6.56 j 7.87 (D) 16 + j 0

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In the circuit shown below, the current I is equal to

(A) 1.4+0c A (C) 2.8+0c A

(B) 2.0+0c A (D) 3.2+0c A

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(A) 1/90 (C) 1/99

(B) 1/90 (D) 1/11

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4 (A) > 2 1 (C) > 0.5

1 (B) > 0.5 4 (D) > 2

2010 MCQ 2.9

(A) i (t) = 0.5 0.125e1000t A (C) i (t) = 0.5 0.5e1000t A

(B) i (t) = 1.5 0.125e1000t A (D) i (t) = 0.375e1000t A

The current I in the circuit shown is

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In the circuit shown, the power supplied by the voltage source is

(B) 5 W (D) 100 W

GATE 2009 MCQ 2.12

If the transfer function of the following network is

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Vo (s) 1 = 2 + sCR Vi (s)

The value of the load resistance RL is (B) R (A) R 4 2 (C) R

(A) 220 J (C) 13.2 kJ

(B) 12 kJ (D) 14.4 J

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(A) 8 VAR (C) 28 VAR

(B) 16 VAR (D) 32 VAR

(A) 0.2e125t u (t) mA (C) 0.2e1250t u (t) mA

(B) 20e1250t u (t) mA (D) 20e1000t u (t) mA

In the circuit shown, what value of RL maximizes the power delivered to RL ?

(A) 2.4 (C) 4

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GATE 2008 MCQ 2.19

(A) 0 (R + Rs) Is (C) L

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GATE 2008 MCQ 2.21

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For (2n + 1) T # t # (2n + 2) T, (n = 0, 1, 2,...) S1 to Q1 and S2 to Q2

(B) u (t) + 2 / ( 1) n u (t nT) (C) tu (t) + 2 / ( 1) n u (t nT) (t nT)

(D) / 60.5 e (t 2nT) + 0.5e (t 2nT) T @

Common data question 2.23 & 2.24 :

For t > 0 , the output voltage vC ^ t h is (A) 2 ^e 3

1 (B) 2 te 2 t 3 1 (D) 2 e 2 t sin c 3 t m 2 3

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For t > 0 , the voltage across the resistor is 3 1 (A) 1 _e 2 t e 2 t i 3 (B) e

1 (C) 2 e 2 t sin c 3 t m 2 3 1 (D) 2 e 2 t cos c 3 t m 2 3

Statement for linked Answers Questions 2.25 & 2.26:

4.5 1.5 (D) = 1.5 4.5G

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