HOW TO DRAW PERSPECTIVE

1-POINT & 2-POINT

1-POINT PERSPECTIVE

Tape down your plan and section.

Draw the Picture Plane (PP) where cutting through building.

PP

Draw the Ground Line (GL) horizontally from the top of the oor in section and select a Station Point (SP) from which the viewer will be standing in space.

PP

SP

GL

Draw the Horizon Line (HL) at eye level (approx. 6 o the top of the oor).

PP

SP

HL

GL

Draw construction lines from the SP to the back corners of the room.

PP

SP

HL

GL

Where the construction lines hit the PP, drop two vertical lines to the GL.

PP

SP

HL

GL

Draw construction lines from the SP to where the PP hits the inside walls of the plan.

PP

SP

HL

GL

Where the construction lines hit the PP, drop two vertical lines to the GL.

PP

SP

HL

GL

Determine the Vanishing Point (VP) by drawing a vertical line from the SP.

PP

SP

HL

VP

GL

Project the ceiling height of the room in section horizontally.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the outside most construction lines meet the ceiling height and ground line, draw (4) construction lines to the vanishing point.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Using line weights, darken the outer most limits of the drawing (box) and the perspective walls in place.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

HOW TO ADD WINDOW

1-POINT PERSPECTIVE

Draw construction lines from outside of window opening to SP.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the construction lines hit the PP, drop two vertical lines.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

From the section, project the height of the window until it hits the outside box of the perspective.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

From the two points where these construction lines hit, construct two lines to the VP.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the horizontal and vertical construction lines meet, outline the opening of the window.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

To de ne window thickness, draw a constuction line from the outer most point of the window in plan to the SP.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the construction line hits the PP, drop a construction line vertically. Darken the area inside the window opening.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

To construct an object within the view, start by drawing a line horizontally from the front corner of the object to the closest exterior wall.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

HOW TO ADD OBJECT

1-POINT PERSPECTIVE

From where this line hits the exterior wall in plan, draw a construction line to the SP. Where it crosses the PP, drop a construction line vertically.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the vertical line hits the Ground Line (GL), construct a line to the VP.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Repeat these steps for the back of the object. Start with the line horizontall to the plan edge. Draw line to the SP. Where the line hits the PP, drop a construction line vertically. Where this line hits the GL, draw a line to the VP.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Back in the plan, draw two construction lines from the front two corners of the object to the SP.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the lines cross the PP, drop two construction lines vertically.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the rst projection line drawn crosses the front corner of the object, draw a line horizontally until it hits the adjacent line to de ne the width of the object.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Where the second project line (de ning the back of the object) crosses with the edge of the object, draw a construction line horizontally.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Outline the edges of the object to form the front surface.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

From the top and bottom points of the front surface, construct to lines back to the VP.

PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Using lineweight, de ne the side of the box by stopping when the bottom construction line hits the horizontal line drawn to de ne the back of the object. Project that vertically until it nishes the entirety of the object.
PP

SP

CH

HL

VP

GL

Finish the drawing by de ning lineweight to read depth.s

PP

SP

VP

2-POINT PERSPECTIVE

Start with the plan.

Using a triangle, rotate plan to desired degree.

60

Draw Picture Plane (PP) so that it intersects at least one point in the plan.

PP

Select a Station Point (SP) from which the viewer will be standing in space

PP

SP

Tape down elevation(s) with enough room to construct perspective on page. Draw Horizon Line (HL) at eye level (approx. 6)

PP

SP

HL

Draw two construction lines from SP parallel to exterior walls in plan.

PP

SP

HL

Drop down two construction lines where parallel lines intersect PP. Where these lines meet the HL determines the View Points (VP).

PP

SP

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Draw construction line vertically from where plan hits PP. The intersection of this line with the roof height and ground plan of elevation creates the Measure Line (ML) from which all measurements on the elevation can be determined.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Draw construction lines from the SP to all exterior corners of the plan.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Where each construction line intersects with the PP, drop a vertical construction line.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

From the top and bottom of the ML, draw construction lines to each VP.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweights, outline the volume where consturction lines meet to form left volume.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

To construct right volume, draw construction lines from VP1 until it hits the construction line delineating the right corner.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweights, define the left side of the right volume.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

From the top and bottom of right volume corner line, draw construction lines to VP2.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweights, finish the outline of the right volume.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

HOW TO ADD WINDOW

2-POINT PERSPECTIVE

To place window, start by drawing construction lines from the outside and inside opening of the window in plan to the SP. Where the construction lines intersect with PP, drop vertical lines.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Project height of window horizontally.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Where height of window hits the ML, draw two construction lines to VP.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Where construction lines meet the inner corner of the two volumes, draw construction lines back to opposite VP.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweight, ouline the cut out of window.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

To construct thickness of window, use lineweights to delineate inner thickness lines. If the window falls below the HL, you will only see thickness on the bottom of the window. If the window falls above the HL, you will only see thickness on the top of the window. If the window falls on the HL, you will see both the top and bottom thickness. All windows will always have one side thickness showing.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

HOW TO ADD DOOR

2-POINT PERSPECTIVE

The construction of a door is the same procedure as a window. Start by drawing construction lines from the SP to the inner and outer edges of the door in plan. Where lines intersect with PP, drop construction lines vertically.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

From the elevation, project height of door horizontally until it hits the ML.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Where the horizontal line meets the ML, draw construction lines to both VP.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweights, outline the opening of the door.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Using lineweights, delineate the thickness of the door.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL

Repeat steps for all exterior openings.

PP

SP

ML

VP 1

VP 2

HL