United States Government and Politics A.P.

Unit 1-2 Examination Study Guide

1.Describe the pluralist theory of American Politics? 2.American political culture is characterized by strong popular support for characteristics? 3.Describe political participation in the United States today? 4.The most common form of political activity undertaken by United States citizens is? 5.Present an accurate statement about the voter turnout rate in the United States? 6. Accurately characterizes the main difference between elite theories and pluralist theories of politics in the United States? 7. Describe the principles that protect a citizen from imprisonment without trial? 8.In Marbury v. Madison (1803) the Supreme Court assumed the power to? 9.The federal Constitution guarantees what rights to a person arrested and charged with a serious crime? 10.? 11.Define the constitutional interpretation of federalism? 12.What were some of the issues discussed at the Constitutional Convention? 13.The amendments to the Constitution that were ratified during Reconstruction were primarily designed for what purpose? 14.The Framers of the Constitution all believed that one of the primary function of government is? 15.In The Federalist papers, how did James Madison characterize political factions? 16. The Congress shall have power...to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. Interpretation of this clause have been central to attempts to define the nature of which aspects of the United States political system?

17. The Congress shall have power...to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. The practical effect of this clause has been to what end? 18. How has the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution been interpreted by the Supreme Court? 19.The legislative process at the national level reflects the intent of the framers of the Constitution to create a legislature that would ______________________? 20. Describe the consequences of having a federal system in the United States? 21. Characterize the elections for the House of Representatives? 22. In contrast to revenue sharing, categorical grants-in-aid provide state and local governments with what means? 23. What governmental element empowered the creation of new federal courts and specify the number of judges who will sit on them? 24.As originally ratified, the United States Constitution included provisions designed to___________? 25. Describe examples of checks and balances, as established by the Constitution. 26.What is true about the right of free speech, as currently interpreted by the Supreme Court? 27. What was the importance of Shays Rebellion to the development of the United States Constitution? 28.In a federal system of government, political power primarily rests with who? 29. What action can Congress take if the Supreme Court finds a federal law unconstitutional? 30.In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court established what principles? 31. To what end, as per consequence, is diversity of public policy throughout the United States primary to? 32. Describe the reserved powers of the state governments? 33.What has been the congressional power that has been contested most frequently in the federal courts?

34.Please explain the Supreme Courts interpretation to the the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. 36. What do the terms fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism refer to? 37. What governmental element has been used most to expand the power of the national government? 38. Describe the procedures for formally amending the United States Constitution. 39.States and localities have the most discretion in establishing policy when federal funding is derived from where? 40.In The Federalist No.10, James Madison argued that factions in a republic are _______________. 41. What was the most important effect of replacing the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution of 1787? 42.The doctrine of original intent holds that _________________________. 43.The feature of the Constitution that requires each of the three branches of government to be relatively independent of control over the others and that requires each branch to share powers with at least one of the other branches is the doctrine of _____________. 44. What comprised the core of agreement among the delegates to the Constitutional Convention? 45.The Constitution's provision that Congress has the right to "make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution" its powers is often referred to as the _________. 46.Fiscal federalism is ______________________. 47.In response to complaints from state and local governments about the paperwork and requirements attached to most grants, Congress has established ________ that are generally automatically given to support broad programs in states or communities. 48. What article in the Constitution requires that states give full faith and credit to the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every state in United States? 49.In accordance to the concept known as 'New Federalism', the transferring of responsibility for policies from the federal government to the states is ________. 50. What is covered by Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce according to current Supreme Court interpretation?

51.The national government has exclusive control over foreign and military policy, the postal system, and monetary policy, while the states have exclusive control over other specific areas. This division of responsibilities reflects ___________________. 52.The landmark case in which the Court broadly interpreted Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce and virtually every form of commercial activity is _______________________. 53.In the events leading up to McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), what was the main criticism of the national bank created by the United States government? 54. Describe ways that federalism contributes to democracy? 55.Lockean thought and the Declaration of independence are similar in that both ___________. 56.According to James Madison, what is the "most common and durable source of factions" ? 57.(Pre-Civil War) On the issue of slaves, the Constitution specified ___________________. 58.A major purpose of the economic provisions in the Constitution was to _________. 59.Opposition to ratification of the Constitution was based on the belief that it was ____________. 60. What protections of personal freedom are included in the original Constitution?

FRQ Possibilities
Amending the Constitution Federalist Papers #10 & 51 Federalism & the Federalist System Linkage Institutions