EasyStudy Canada 2011

Grade 10 History Exam Review Questions

1. Unit 1 Questions: a. Outline the causes of WWI [there are 5] WW1: [ M A N I A ] Militarism Alliances [Indirect Causes] Nationalism Imperialism Assassination [Direct Cause] Militarism: [arms race] each country wanted to show the others how it was a lot stronger, by building dreadnoughts, and strengthening their armies Alliances: different counties formed alliances with others, so that there were two major alliances/sides. Nationalism: some people in countries like Britain, France and Germany felt that they need to defended their country's pride, and people were enraged when someone insulted their country Imperialism: the great powers were competing for colonies over the sea. Britain feared Germany by expanding the colonies in Africa Assassination: World War I was triggered by the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand [He was the Archduke of Austria].

b. What was the importance of the battle of Vimy Ridge? (Passchendaele, etc.) Vimy Ridge: - Major turning point in war - Attack was strategically planned - Germans had highly defended hill - Britain tried many times to capture in the past - High point of Canadian achievement - Canadians fought together for the first time & succeeded - Under Canadian General Arthur Currie - Canada gained independence Passchendaele: - 1917, after battle of Vimy ridge, British General Douglas Haig tried to drive into the German front - Showed bravery for Canada, one of the last battles. - Passchendaele has long been remembered as one of the most difficult battles fought by Canadians during the war.

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EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

EasyStudy Canada 2011

The Canadians made a series of attacks beginning in October, crawling forward in waistdeep mud and under a deadly hail of German shells. Canadians had been torn apart; only one fifth of the attack force was still alive. [When the fighting stopped, the casualties stood at 15 654] c. What did Canadians do to help the war on the home front? Women did meticulous work: o Helped roll bandages and knit socks [red cross] o Were ambulance drivers o Went overseas as nurses o Joined royal air force engineers o Worked in munitions factories Borrowed money from public Saved food (reduced food consumption) Recruited children to work for the war effort Produced more food Taxes placed on items to raise money d. Discuss the changes in the technology of warfare in WWI? e. What was the Conscription Crisis? How was it resolved? Conscription in WW1 (The Conscription Crisis of 1917): - On May 18, 1917 Borden announced a new policy of conscription. - Military Service Bill was passed a month later, making military service compulsory for all men between the ages of 20 and 45 years. Half of all Canadians opposed Bordens bill. French Canadians rioted in Montreal. When first group of men were called many tried to be exempt and others disappeared. - French Canadians didnt want to fight o Felt little connection to France and even less to England o Didnt like English Imperialism o Didnt speak English ; army spoke only English o French couples married young - There was rioting and looting of businesses - Divided Canada How were aboriginals and other minority groups treated during the war? What was their role in fighting the war? Immigrants were segregated forced to do specific jobs Japanese had to fight to join Blacks limited to construction battalion Natives volunteered to join although they had problems [racism] Had to register with authorities (no trust of immigrants) EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved f.

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

2. Unit 2 Questions: a. What were the causes of the Depression? Five Major Reasons for the crash: 1) Overvalued stocks: o People bought stocks and paid what they thought was a good price o People were reckless and threw large amounts of money into stock market 2) People bought stocks on credit o Obtained loans to buy things they couldnt pay for o People were in debt 3) Overproduction: o Companies believed people would buy forever o When crash hit, companies couldnt sell their goods o They went bankrupt 4) Raising tariffs to protect domestic markets 5) Stock market crashed in 1929 on Black Tuesday o People were in a panic to sell stocks o Everyone selling and nobody buying o Stock prices collapsed b. How were the soldiers treated when they came home from the war? Adjusting to civilian life made difficult by government policies that did little to repay soldiers Left disabled veterans and their families in poverty Spanish flu killed up to 100 million people Was unfair to soldiers who had sacrificed their lives for the country c. How did womens roles change in the 20s? Women were more liberated More freedom; crazy Fashion changed o Clothing became loose and revealing o Make-up Started stepping out of the house; not confined at home as housewives o Dancing, partying, smoking, drinking, drugs [Flappers] Sports o Basketball, hockey, baseball, boxing Had a lot of money to spend Fighting against discrimination o Men said women should not work; should not obtain education degrees; women who did work could only be teachers, clerks, nurses Many womens social groups developed o Against crime, domestic violence, and financial problems EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

d. Compare Bennetts solutions to the Depression and Kings solutions to the Depression. Kings solutions: - When stock market crashed, King told Canadians business was never better o He thought the crash was temporary - King said his Liberal government would not give the provincial governments a five-cent piece - R.B. Bennett accused King of being unwilling and unable to deal with the depression - King lost election to Bennett and the Conservatives Bennetts solutions: - Bennett believed he could help businesses survive and grow, which would lead to upward spiral - Tried to raise tariffs to protect Canadian businesses o Most industries were not helped by these high tariffs - Unemployed and underemployed couldnt afford even cheap goods e. What were the steps towards independence that Canada took in the 1920s and 1930s? 1914-1918: World War 1: - Canada entered the war as a colony of Britain: no choice. o did what Britain said o no real independence 1919 Paris Peace Conference: - Canada attended peace conference as its own representative because Canada's war contribution was so valuable o Canada was recognized as independent as the Great Powers o Respected more by Great Powers 1922 Chanak Affair: - British troops threatened by attack from Turkey - Britain asked Canada for troops - PM King said no troops should be sent unless approved by Canadian parliament o Canada capable of saying no to Britain o Canada no longer sees itself as a colony but as a country 1925 King-Byng Crisis: - PM King headed coalition with Progressive party - Scandal over alcohol smuggling resulted in Progressives losing confidence in Kings Liberals - King asked Governor General (Rep of Britain in Canada) to dissolve government and call an election; He refused and told Conservatives to take over - Conservatives received a vote of non-confidence by parliament and election was called

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

King argued that Britain was interfering with the Canadian government; He was re-elected o This was the last time Britain had any say in Canadian politics o Canada now has full say over domestic affairs 1926 Britains Imperial Conference The Balfour Report - Declared nations such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa were to become self-governing countries equal in status to each other and freely associated with Britain in Commonwealth of Nations o Britain recognizes Canadas independence 1931 Statute of Westminster - Gave Canada and other commonwealth countries complete control over their relations with other nations o Canada is now free to make its own foreign decisions 3. Unit 3 Questions: a. What was second wave feminism? How did it help improve the lives of women? 60s- 70s Mostly about women trying to get jobs, rights, and equality Jobs- Women wanted to take jobs that men had and to be leaders/managers, Also wanted special privileges (maternity leave, daycare) (achieved) Rights- wanted protection for their rights (achieved) Wanted to legalize drugs (which didnt work) Equality same jobs as men, same fashion, same sports (achieved) b. What affects did the baby boom and immigration have on Canada in the 50s? The baby boom created new issues and demands for Canadians In 1950s many communities began to develop arenas, recreational facilities, and organizations for the growing numbers of young people 1950s - adolescence was recognized for the first time as a distinct stage in a persons growth 60s - some teenagers from baby boom became hippies and revolutionaries rejected whatever they saw as part of the establishment Hippies: wanted liberation- personal freedom and social change Counterculture representing new cultural standards in youth that was against the values of their parents generation Generation Gap affected and offended many older Canadians c. Describe some of the issues that made Canadian/American relations difficult in the 20s and 30s d. What happened and what is the significance of Japanese Internment? Japanese Canadians, and Japanese immigrants were in internment camps in B.C because Canadians thought that they were spies Japanese Canadians were sent to internment camps in the interior of B.C EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

The Japanese Canadians interned in BC lived in shacks that had no running water or electricity. Often families were broken up (father was sent to one camp and mother and child in a different one. When Japanese were in camps the government was suppose to be safekeeping their belongings but the authorities auctioned off all their belongings (cars, shops, houses, etc) Japanese people had been targeted as anti-Asian and was treated as a second class citizen. Shows other countries that Canada is racist and we jump to conclusions (mistreating them) e. What were John Diefenbakers major policies (or Pearson, or St. Laurent, or King)? John Diefenbaker: Bill of Rights creates a law that guarantees all Canadian basic freedom of worship regardless of race, sex, or origin (helped create charter of rights and freedom) o Believed Canada should get resources from north to save money (resources such as oil, gas, minerals) Pearson: o Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism o United States Automotive Agreement Successful: still exists today Many Canadians are employed by these industries However, caused several negative effects: Few automotive companies today because of lack of tariffs on American Auto products o Canada Pension Plan Success: Still in place today Provides seniors and retired people with retirement safety & money o Universal Medicare (for all Canadians) Success: Provides all Canadians with free healthcare Mackenzie King He passed PFRA (Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act) gave money to develop new farming methods, seed vacant land, and relocate some families to better farming areas. This was kind of the continuation of Bennetts policy of financial aid to Prairie farmers Passed National Mobilization Act o A Canadian government statute which enabled conscription in Canada during WW2 on June 21, 1940, but the permitted conscripts were to be used for home defence only and not to be deployed overseas. It was modified in August 1942 to permit the government to send conscripts overseas via an order in council after a plebiscite in April 1942. St. Laurent o Oversaw expansion of social programs: Established Canada Council to support the arts EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

Expanded social welfare programs such as family allowances, old age pensions, government funding of university and post-secondary education and an early form of Medicare termed Hospital Insurance Engaged in massive public works and infrastructure projects: Trans-Canada Highway St. Lawrence Seaway Trans-Canada Pipeline What is the significance of the battle of Dieppe? (or the Italian Campaign/Ortona/Netherlands)?

f.

Dieppe: A raid by the Canadians that later defined how D-Day should be fought. The Dieppe Raid became known as a bloody battle, and a costly one for the Allies. Canadian soldiers were defeated. Was called another Passchendaele. Failed: o Tanks couldnt move in the sand; unable to get off beach o Good German defences o They landed in broad daylight; without air/sea support Without lessons learned at Dieppe, D-Day landing would have been a failure: Lessons: o Germans had strong defence o Troops need air and sea support o Make sure tanks can move on terrain o Don't land in broad daylight

Battle of Ortona- 1943 Canadas losses were high. Canadians stayed triumphant. Problems they faced: o Unfamiliar battle enemy can hide anywhere o Unfamiliar warfare never fought in the city o No tanks because of rubble; soldiers must fight (more dangerous) o Narrow streets hard and dangerous to travel g. What are 5 causes of the Cold War? Causes of the Cold War: 1. BELIEFS: The Soviet Union was a Communist country; USA was a democracy which valued freedom and feared Communism. 2. MILITARISM [ARMS RACE]: each side raced to stockpile larger and more destructive weapons to frighten their enemies. They wanted to prove that each was stronger than the other. 3. ALLIANCES: United States and other Western nations decided to form alliances against the soviet union 4. SOVIET SPIES: [Gouzenko Affair]:

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

Soviet Union was trying to steal military secrets from Canada. A young clerk with the Soviet Embassy, Igor Gouzenko, walked out of embassy carrying 109 top-secret documents saying that Soviet Union was running a spy ring of civil servants and military officers in Canada. o His claims were ignored. It was only when the Soviet embassy officials broke down Gouzenkos apartment door, that the government took notice. o Mackenzie King and Canadians were shocked to find out the Soviet Union was trying to steal military secrets from Canada 5. WARSAW PACT: The Soviet Union initiated the Warsaw Pact in response to the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which was formed in response to the threat to European and North Atlantic nations by the Soviet Union. Various nations would come to one anothers aid, in case of aggression. There were fears among many of the members that Western nations, might choose to invade or take military action against various other nations. The Warsaw Pact relieved these fears by combining each nations military power into a much greater force. The Soviet Union used the Warsaw Pact as a way to control its smaller allies. It swept into Czechoslovakia in 1968 with the assistance of other Warsaw Pact members to overthrow a government. It was said that the Soviet were showing Imperialistic tendencies, and therefore threatening other pact members. o o 4. Unit 4 Questions: a. What were Trudeaus major policies, including his Just Society? - Foreign policy o Cut Canadas defence spending o Froze contributions to NATO o Eliminated Nuclear Arms in Canada o Dismantled BOMARC sites in Canada o By 1984 just before Trudeau retired the last nuclear warheads had been removed from Canadian soil o Despite cuts to defence Canada continued to play an important role in peacekeeping - Just Society: a phrase used by Trudeau to describe what he thought Canada should look like o by building a truly just society, this beautiful, rich and energetic country of ours can become a model in which every citizen will enjoy his fundamental rights, in which two great linguistic communities and people of many cultures will live in a harmony, and in which every individual will find fulfillment - he wanted Canada to be different than the US, and therefore enacted the "third option" which stated that Canada would expand its trading partners to Asia and Europe - Trudeau's policy to legalize abortion, homosexuality and to make divorce easier have had many repercussions on the Canada of today. Trudeau's policy to legalize abortion, homosexuality and to make divorce easier have had many repercussions on the Canada of today. - Supported multiculturalism - bilingualism: the ability to speak two languages fluently

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

b. What were the issues surrounding Aboriginal rights in the 80s and 90s? - Self-government: Pros Cons -its recognized, their wants/ needs/ history -still require government funding -prevent assimilation -dont have to follow all of our revelation and laws Canadian light -we treat them like adults and allow them to be self-divides Canada (hurts Canadian unity) sufficient -less work/ effort to us/government -provoke Quebec and cause separatism to increase -no riots/conflicts like Oka, Caledonia (once we are -how do we give each group (100s of done negotiating) groups) land and the ability to govern themselves -promote Aboriginal culture peacefully -violation of human rights by some Aboriginal cultures -huge money and land required in expansive The white paper policy which tried to assimilate aboriginals into Canadians Oka crisis Reserves and residential schools Nunavut James Bay

c. What were the St. Lawrence Seaway, FIRA, and NAFTA? How did they affect the Canadian economy? St. Lawrence Seaway: is a system of canals that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes as far as Lake Superior. It allowed Canada to have more economic trade with other countries. FIRA (The Foreign Investment Review Agency): Ensured that any foreign investment in or takeover of Canadian companies resulted in important benefits for Canada (to limit foreign ownership). It affected Canadian economy because Americans owned 25% of all shares of Canadian corporations. By 1982 the FIRA was approving nine out of ten applications for foreign takeover of Canadians companies. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years. It affected Canadian economy because the United State was the main winner; American employers would take advantage of cheap Mexican labour and Canadian raw materials. d. What was the third wave feminism? How does the Montreal Massacre help us understand what happened?

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

Third Wave feminism is a philosophy that emerged in the 1990s. Like all feminism, the Third Wave focuses on the economic, political, social, and personal empowerment of women. This newer form of feminism focuses more on the individual empowerment of women and less on activism. The Montreal Massacre helps us understand the third wave of feminism, because it shows that the third wave accomplished what they wanted.

e. What was the immigration act of 1978? How does it represent Canadas policies about Immigration? Immigration Act of 1978: - created by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau - focused on who should be allowed into Canada, not on who should be kept out - gave more power to the provinces to set their own immigration laws - defined "prohibited classes" in much broader terms - Individuals who could become a burden on social welfare or health services would now be refused entry, rather than specific categories of people, i.e. homosexuals, the disabled, etc. - Created four new classes of immigrants who could come to Canada, which are refugees, families, assisted relatives, and independent immigrants - Independent immigrants had to take part in the Points System o Other classes did not have to take part in this test as long as they passed basic criminal, security and health checks. The immigration act of 1978 had three goals: o Promoting family reunion o Upholding humanitarian values, and o Encouraging economic growth in Canada It recognized three classes of immigrants: o Independent (point system, ranked applicants according to their education, skills, and resources) o Family (close relatives to people who are citizens) o Refugee (people who feared harm or had already suffered in their home country) It represents Canadas policies about immigration, because it showed that they are getting better (because Canada used to accept immigrants from only UK, and Western Europe). f. What were Jean Chretiens major policies? g. What were the impacts of the October Crisis and Bill 101 on French-English Relations? 2. Make a list of at least 2 accomplishments of each of the following Canadian Prime Ministers.

Borden

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

1917 Robert Borden sought re-election on the issue of conscription Passed Wartime Elections Act, which gave Canadian nurses, and wives, sisters, and mothers of Canadian soldiers, a vote in the upcoming federal election o He said he would extend the vote to all women if he were re-elected. o He won, and his strategy resulted in a victory for the pro-conscriptionists, and women over the age of 21 were given the right to vote in federal elections after war Basically he gave women the right to vote.

St. Laurent - Oversaw expansion of social programs: o Established Canada Council to support the arts o Expanded social welfare programs such as family allowances, old age pensions, government funding of university and post-secondary education and an early form of Medicare termed Hospital Insurance - Engaged in massive public works and infrastructure projects: o Trans-Canada Highway o St. Lawrence Seaway o Trans-Canada Pipeline Diefenbaker - Bill of Rights creates a law that guarantees all Canadian basic freedom of worship regardless of race, sex, or origin - Cancelled Avro Arrow Bennett - Created relief camps for many single, homeless men who roamed country in search of work - New Deal (included promises and laws to regulate hours of work, to provide a minimum wage, to improve working conditions and to provide insurance against sickness, industrial accidents and unemployment) o This did little help to thousands of Canadians who were already unemployed. o Others believed Bennetts New Deal was a desperate effort to win votes in the upcoming election. Mackenzie King He passed PFRA (Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act) gave money to develop new farming methods, seed vacant land, and relocate some families to better farming areas. This was kind of the continuation of Bennetts policy of financial aid to Prairie farmers Passed National Mobilization Act o A Canadian government statute which enabled conscription in Canada during WW2 on June 21, 1940, but the permitted conscripts were to be used for home defence only and not to be deployed overseas. It was modified in

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

August 1942 to permit the government to send conscripts overseas via an order in council after a plebiscite in April 1942. Trudeau Just Society o Reformed laws on homosexuality and divorce o Legalized abortion o Passed Official Languages Act [both English and French as Canadas official languages] Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms o bilingualism-> He believed it would unify Canada Third Option o To look for new trading partners around the world, especially in Asia and Africa o He was trying to move Canada away from the U.S. because we were too dependent War Measures Act o a law passed in 1914 giving the federal government sweeping emergency powers in times of war, invasion, or rebellion; the Act severely limits the freedoms of Canadians FIRA o it is set up to ensure that any foreign investment in or takeover of Canadian companies resulted in important benefits for Canada (limit foreign ownership) NEP o Canada created the NEP in 1980 to ensure Canadas future oil supply, control oil prices, and achieve 50% Canadian ownership of the oil industry by 1990

Pearson Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism o French and English in every classroom o Lead to a Bilingual civil service Signed United States Automotive Agreement [Auto Pact] o Successful: still exists today o Many Canadians are employed by these industries o However, caused several negative effects: Few automotive companies today because of lack of tariffs on American Auto products Canada Pension Plan o Success: Still in place today o Provides seniors and retired people with retirement safety & money Universal Medicare (for all Canadians)

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

o Mulroney Chretien Helped lead Canada out of deficit (did it by helping cut government spending) o Lead to economic prosperity; Canada had huge surplus Created NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) GST Failed to create Canadian Constitution Made Canadas debt worse Reduced public services Success: Provides all Canadians with free healthcare

Most Impact: Least Impact: Mulroney made Canadas deficit worse, was hated, introduced GST... took away services from the public...Most disliked PM in history 2. Describe what happened in Bosnia and Somalia. What impact did these events have on Canada? Somalia: - Suffering from famines and drought - Threatened by Ethiopia - Had many clans of different cultural groups fighting each other [clan wars] - No stable government - Had good weapons from former Soviet Union Canada should go as peacekeepers, because: - People dying - some groups want us to come However, we should go as peacemakers, because: - there is no peace to keep [its a war] - Cant guarantee our safety o Because of the weapons they had - May not be possible to solve this because: o Problems are based on ethnicity and ancient hatred - Also, negotiations wont work - There are crimes against humanity - We can help with famine/drought - it would cost a lot to go as peacemakers, but we don't really need them as Allies - However, it would be long term commitment [lots of lives and money] o Very dangerous

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

o Anyone who goes as peacemaker will be called a conqueror

Bosnia: - Former state of Soviet Union - After Soviet Union collapsed different groups in Bosnia were fighting to establish themselves as countries o Dominant group won o Started to ethnically cleanse Serbians of Muslims Canada should go in as peacekeepers although we werent invited: - Somebody did ask for help - There are war criminals - We could go to negotiate a settlement and establish borders As peacemakers, we need to go to stop genocide: - Our allies in NATO are close to this area - Dont want Russia involved o They're a dangerous nuclear power - May not be as much of a long term commitment they're not starving; have reasonable standards of living; not as many groups 3. a. Discuss the 4 indirect and 1 direct cause of WWI. Discuss at least 4 causes of WWII. Discuss at least 5 causes of the Cold War. Describe the Korean and Vietnam Wars. World War 1: 1) Militarism: [arms race] each country wanted to show the others how it was a lot stronger, by building dreadnoughts, and strengthening their armies 2) Alliances: different counties formed alliances with others, so that there were two major alliances/sides. 3) Nationalism: some people in countries like Britain, France and Germany felt that they need to defended their country's pride, and people were enraged when someone insulted their country 4) Imperialism: the great powers were competing for colonies over the sea. Britain feared Germany by expanding the colonies in Africa 5) Assassination: World War I was triggered by the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand [He was the Archduke of Austria]. World War 2: 1) The Treaty of Versailles humiliated Germany and they wanted revenge 2) The Great Depression:

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

People turn to extremist parties that promised to fix the economy by building up the military and the conquest of territory o Nobody could stand up to Hitler because there were problems at home Hitler solved the Depression problem for Germany 3) Policy of Appeasement / The Failure of the League of Nations Allies gave Hitler what he wanted to avoid war [^ Indirect Causes] 4) Hitlers invasion of Poland: September 1939 [< Direct Cause] o Cold War: 1. Soviet Union wanted communism; United States committed itself to democracy, 2. power struggle 3. both sides feared nuclear war Methods: 1. Militarism [Arms Race] 2. Alliances 3. Proxy War: 2 major combatants each support their side in a smaller war 4. Propaganda and spying image war 5. Olympics: symbolic/diplomatic war 6. Economic Power Why not a Hot War? 1. Afraid of nuclear war 2. Afraid of another depression 3. Military too weak CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR: 1. BELIEFS: The Soviet Union was a Communist country; USA was a democracy which valued freedom and feared Communism. 2. MILITARISM [ARMS RACE]: each side raced to stockpile larger and more destructive weapons to frighten their enemies. They wanted to prove that each was stronger than the other. 3. ALLIANCES: United States and other Western nations decided to form alliances against the soviet union 4. SOVIET SPIES: [Gouzenko Affair]: a. Soviet Union was trying to steal military secrets from Canada. b. A young clerk with the Soviet Embassy, Igor Gouzenko, walked out of embassy carrying 109 top-secret documents saying that Soviet Union was running a spy ring of civil servants and military officers in Canada. c. His claims were ignored. It was only when the Soviet embassy officials broke down Gouzenkos apartment door, that the government took notice.

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EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

EasyStudy Canada 2011

d. Mackenzie King and Canadians were shocked to find out the Soviet Union was trying to steal military secrets from Canada 5. WARSAW PACT: The Soviet Union initiated the Warsaw Pact in response to the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which was formed in response to the threat to European and North Atlantic nations by the Soviet Union. Various nations would come to one anothers aid, in case of aggression. There were fears among many of the members that Western nations, might choose to invade or take military action against various other nations. The Warsaw Pact relieved these fears by combining each nations military power into a much greater force. The Soviet Union used the Warsaw Pact as a way to control its smaller allies. It swept into Czechoslovakia in 1968 with the assistance of other Warsaw Pact members to overthrow a government. It was said that the Soviet were showing Imperialistic tendencies, and therefore threatening other pact members. The Korean War North Korea was a communist nation that was armed and funded by the Soviet Union and the Republic of China South Korea was an anti-communist dictatorship, US didnt arm them in fear of them starting a war, South Korea was the weakest in the peninsula In 1950, North Korea invaded the South in an effort to unify the country under a communist name The UN decided to vote in a resolution ordering the defence of South Korea against the North Around 17 countries sent 1.2 million men to fight the North Koreans China then joined the war when the Allies began pushing the North Koreans back War never officially ended, borders stayed the way they were before the war Vietnam War: - a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States. - Major foreign policy issue was the U.S. involvement in Vietnam - Pearson made a speech criticizing U.S. involvement - He also refused and kept us out of the Vietnam war o This ticked off the Americans b. What seems to be the common causes of war? c. How did Canadas role change in each war? World War 2: - Canadas role was as a supplier of food and ammunition - Had small military contribution as support - Fought in Dieppe raid

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

Fought in Italy Canada served as political middleman between the Allies, the U.S. and the Soviet Union d. Compare and contrast Canadas contributions to WWI, WWII, the Cold War, and Peacekeeping. 4. The Economy of Canada has passed through many cycles in the past century. How do the choices made in each decade lead to the problems and successes of the next decade? (WW1, 1920s, 1930s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 80s) - After WWI, Britains victory cost Germany a lot of reparations - Canada became a wealthy country and prospered - In the 1920s there was economic prosperity o People wasted their money investing in stocks, o they were unable to pay for these , and they were in debt - As a result, Depression in the 30s - In the 1950s many immigrants came to Canada o We had jobs and needed workers o Also in the 1950s the St. Lawrence Seaway allowed Canada to have more economic trade, bringing more money into the country - As a result the economy went up (booming) because we had more workers, so there was an economic boom in the 1960s o In 1960s Pearson signed an agreement with US the Automotive Agreement Pact o Most of the profits went to the U.S, so Canada lost money - So in the 1970s, the economy suffered 5. Progress for women has not come without a price for women; further, it has happened through a series of setbacks and steps forward. Explain. In the late 80s/90s, there were many women and men who felt that the feminism had gone too far and was creating negative results. They also felt that there were some big issues for women that were being ignored The most incident associated with the backlash is the Montral Massacre o When: December 6,1989 o Where: Montral Ecole Polytechnique o Who: Marc Lepine o What: a man how thought that women were unfairly been given the advantage in getting into engineering, he went into a class room separated women from men, shoot and killed 14 women and then he killed himself. o Why: he thought a woman took his spot o Reaction: Most thought the Montreal Massacre was a tragedy and women needed more protection from male violence More government protection EasyStudy Canada, All Rights Reserved

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EasyStudy Canada 2011

There were take back the night rallies and ribbon campaigns against violence However, same men and women said that feminism had actually helped to cause the Massacre by creating conflict Women who are housewives should not be seen as forced into it if should be an option for everyone

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