2547

1.

2.

3.
3.1
3.2
3.3

2
2
2
5

4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8 Friction Piles
4.9 Nagative Skin Friction
4.10
4.11 .

4.12
4.13
4.14

7
8
8
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
13
14
17
19

5.

21
- / 6.

-2-

6.
6.1
6.2
6.3

23
23
27
35

7.
7.1 I
7.2
7.3

36
36
39
40


1.

()
(Skin friction) (End Bearing)

2.
2.1
(End Bearing Piles)
2.2 (Skin Friction)
(Friction Piles)
2.3 Granular soils Bearing Capacity
Compaction piles
2.4 Scouring

2.5 (uplift)
Overturning Moment Tension piles Uplift piles
2.6 Anchor
piles
2.7
Fender piles Dolphins
2.8 Batter piles

-2-

3.

3.1
-


3.2

2
3.2.1 (Reinforcement Precast Concrete piles)


4 9


(Spun)

-33.2.2 (Precast Prestressed Concrete piles)

. 95- 2517 ASTM 416-59 T JIS G 35361971
0.7 fs (fs
) .45fc
0.6 fs (fc
150 . 300 . 28 )

-4 :-

-5


25 . ()
30% 50%
0.2
I

3.3 (Cast-in-place Concrete Piles)

3 Shell type (case type) , Shell-less type
(Uncased type) Pedestal (enlarged bulb)
3.3.1 Shell type

3.3.2 Shell-less type

-6

3.3.3 Pedestal Type

3.3.4 (Steel Piles)

H



1/16

3.3.5 (Composite Piles)

(Uplift force)
3.3.6 (Pre-bored Pile)

1.
2. Negative Skin Friction
5-10 .

-73.

4.

5.
6.
3.3.7 (Micro Piles)
150 250 .
(Bentonite)

(Seamless pipe)
(yield point) 2 3
2 Coupling non-return valve

non-return valve
12 . 4 50 .
2

4.

5-10 .

4 5 / 1

6 8 / 1

12 15 / 1

-8 (Silt)
(pore water pressure)






4.1


1. Drop hammer

50

2. Steam hammer
Steam hammer

Drop hammer
3. Water jet

4. Jacking
Hydraulic Jack
4.2
1.
2.

3. Overdriving

-9
-
-
-
4.

-
45
blows
-
68
blows
-
12 15
blows
5.
-

-
6.
1
(disturbed) Shear Strength
90 % 30 50

7.
4.3
1.
2. End Bearing Piles
2 2
2.5 75 . 12 30 .
3. Friction Piles
3 5 3 6 (1.00 .)
4. 5

4.4
1. 3 (10 )
1 3 6 (20 )

- 10 2. Friction Piles

20

6
30

9
35

10
45
13.50
50 100 15 - 30

4.5

2 3
1 -2 10 14 (25 35 .) 15
-60 (200 850 ) Fine sand through sandy gravels
capacity 500 100 300 .
1.00 ,

4.6
1 : 12 5 : 12 3 : 12
(1:4)

4.7
1.
60 .
2. Friction Piles

3. End Bearing Piles

x 250
. (1.2 t/m2)

- 11 4.8 Friction Piles

... 10
6 8
Maintain Loading Test
2 (Ultimate load)
Quick Test
1.
2. 4.4 -5.5 . (Maintain Loading
Test) 5 .
3.

(F.S =2)
4. Quick Test
Maintain Load test
5.

Reduction Factor = 1
Reduction Factor = 0.86 1
6. Reduction Factor x
4.9 Negative Skin Friction
1. Negative Skin Friction (Downward Drag)
Compressible Soil
Soft to Medium Clay, Soft silt, Peat Mud
Negative Skin Friction Axial Load
Negative skin Friction
2. Negative Skin Friction
-
- (Disturbed)
-
3. Negative Skin Friction
soft Bitumen

Penetration at 25 oC = 53 to 70 mm.

- 12 Soft Point (R and B) = 57oC to 63 oC

Penetration Index = Less than + 2
Bitumen 180o (Max)
Coating 10 . 3/8 Coating (Prime)
Shell Composites Bitumen Solvent Primer 2 .
10 .
Full End Bearing Resistance
10 Coating Coating
End Bearing Resistance
Bitumen Coat 1 . Negative Skin Friction
90%
4.10
1. 5 15

5 Vertical Pile 15
Dead Man
2. Vertical
Pile 1,000 (500 .)
3. Menulty (1956) Vertical Pile

Vertical Pile ()

( )

12
1,500
1,500
1,500
*
*
12
5,000
4,500
4,000

16
7,000
5,500
5,000
*
16
7,000
5,500
5,000

24
(60 .)

- 13 4. vertical Pile Full Embedded

1/10 1/5 Deflection 1/2
(12.5 .)
4.11
...
1.
(Milligan)
Wmax =

0.0764 A B
h

Wmax =

,
A
=
, ..
B
=
, .
h
=
, .
2.
(Humes)

Wmin

()
15

()
P

15 - 18

3/4P

18

2/3P

P =

3.

1 - 2
4. CP 2004
2.5 . (1/10 )
Swedish Code 3 2
10 45 Compact Material
4

- 14 5.
Drop Hammer
,
3 (90 .) (2.40 ) 8
4.12 (Dynamics Pile Driving Formula)
. Engineering News Formula ( F.S. = 4)
Qu =

QU
W
h
S

=
=
=
=

C
F.S.

=
=

Wh
S + 2.54C

Ultimate bearing capacity

.

10
0.9 (drop hammer)
Factor safety

. Hileys Formula* ( F.S. = 4)

Qu =

QU

eWhZ
S +C
2

Ultimate bearing capacity

e = Efficiency factor =

W
P
r

=
=
=

h
Z

=
=
=

W + Pr 2
W+P

Coefficient of restitution = 0.25

Equipment Loss Factor

1 Falling hammer

- 15 =
=

0.80 Drop hammer with Friction winch

10
=
Temporary Compression = C1+C2+C3
L2 (.)

C1

C
=

= 1.8

C2

Qu L2
A

L (.)
= 0.72

QuL2
A

. Janbus Formula ( F.S. = 4)

Qu =

Wh
K uS

K u = C d 1 + 1 +

Cd

C d = 0.75 + 0.15

P
W

WhL
AES 2

W
h
P
A
S

=
=
=
=
=

E
L

=
=

,

10
/2

- 16 Load Bearing Capacity ( F.S. = 5)

Qu =

a
S+1

a =
e
=
=
b
=
W
P
L
A
E
h
Qu
S

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

2ab

= eWh
1 falling hammer
0.8 drop hammer with friction Winch
L
=
AE

.

/.2

Ultimate bearing capacity

/
10

. Gates formula ( F.S = 3)

pu = a eh E h (b log s )
PU
=
kips or kN Eh = kips ft or kN m
s
a
b
Fps in
27
1.0
SI mm 104.5 2.4
eh
=
0.75 for drop and 0.85 for all other hammers
PU
=
Ultimate pile capacity
eh
=
hammer efficiency
=
manufacturers hammer energy rating
Eh
S
=
(amount of point penetration per blow)

- 17 . Danish formula ( F.S. = 3 6)

Pu =

eh E h
s + C1

C1 =

eh E h L
2 AE

(units of s)

L
=

4.13

1.

2.

3. End Bearing Pile

Janbu Hiley
4. 88 Michigan State Highway Commission
(1965) Gate 400 Kips (
200 ) Olson Flaate (1967)

93
Hiley, Janbu Gate
5.

load test failure
- DH Gate Hiley, Engineering News
So Gate 1.63
- Janbu, Hiley, So
Modified Eng News Janbu 1.54
- Gate
6.
6.1 End Bearing Pile
Janbu Gate 200

- 18 6.2
20 DH
Gate
Janbu
- Modified Gate Formula

Ru = Wr .h 44.6 log t + 8.22

s

DH
- Modified Janbu Formular
Ru =

2.14Wr .h
1
Ku.s +
ab
2

RU =
,
Wr =
,
h
= ,
t
= ,
s
= ,

K u = C d 1 + 1 +

Cd

W
C d = 0.75 + 0.15 P
Wr

Wp
=

=
,
Wr .h.L
A.E.s 2

E
= Mod. Of E = 1.8 x 106 /..
L
= ,
a
= e.Wr h : (e = 0.80)
b
= L/A.E.
A
= , .
7. (
)
.

- 19 ()
8. Safe load Fabers Formula
Pa =

Pa
W
H
d
AS
n
a2

W. H d

F . + 0.8 H
n

a 2 . As
20

=
Safe load, KN. tons
=
.., KN. tons
=
, .
=
, .
=
, .. .
=
( . )
=
1 Imperial unit
=
107.3 SI unit
F
=
(1.5 2.5)
4.14
. (Cohesive Soil)
1) (Pile Volume displacement) 2-5
(remold) pore pressure 30
Shear Strength Skin resistance Consolidation pore
pressure
2)
20 Skin friction
3)

20
adhesion
4)
20 adhesion 1.2-1.8
Skin resistance capacity

- 20 5) (Heave)
plastic Soil

1) 28%
Undisturbed Strength field vane test
2) Undrain Shear Strength

3) 14
4) Induced pore pressure local Shear failure Zone
5) excess pore pressure 1

()

1) (Subsidence)

Silt saturated

2) (Compaction) loose Sand (relative density Dr =

17%) 3 3
2.5 3.5 medium
dense Sand (Dr = 3.5%) 4.5 5.5
3.0 - 4.5
loose Sand
( 6 )
Ultimate load capacity (i.e efficiency
1) dense Sand
group efficiency 1

- 21 -

5.

Stress overlap Stress overlap
Pile cap
check effect

1) Converse Labarre Method
1 + (n 1)m + (m 1)n
E=
90m.n

E
m
n

=
=
=

= d/s
d
=
s
=
E
2) Feld Method 1/16

()
E
(%)

94

87

82

80

77

72

- 22 3) Keriselos Method

10
8
6
5
4
3
2.5

E
1.0
0.95
0.90
0.85
0.75
0.65
0.55

4) Sowers

clay Group Efficiency

So = 1.1 + 0.4n 0.4
E = 0.5 +

0.4

(n 0.9)0.1

n
Clay 2 3
Cohesionless Soil 2.5 4
3. x

x E

- 23 -

6. ( Static pile formula )

6.1 ( Friction Pile )

( Pile group )
.. = n. AP. Ca . ( 2 ) ()
n
=

=
1
Ap
Ca
=
adhesion = oc c. ( ca
90 cohesion ,
80 cohesion
adhesion factor curve
4 ) 8

=
adhesion factor
. () = c.L.P. + N c. c. Ag .( 8 )
c
=
( shear strength ) ( cohesion )
/
L
=
(

p
=
= 2 ( F + B )

- 24 -

Undrained Shear Strength , c, tons / m.2

1. Adhesion Factors for Clays

Ca = C

- 25 Ag
N c

=
=

( = F.B. )
2.
3

1
N c

D/B

7.8
8.4
8.8
8.9
8.9

1
2
3
4
5
F
D

=
=

6.4
7
7.8
7.5
7.5

, B = ,

- 26 1
..
L
=
8.0 .
D
=
80 .
qu
=
Unconfined Compressive Strength 5.0 / .2
n
=
= 12
F
=
1.8 .
B
=
2.7 .
( 1 )

qu
c

N
Ap

ca

F.S
Allowable load =
2.

c
L
P

=
n. Ap . ca
=
n. Ap . c
=
5 / 2
=
2.5 / 2
=
0.85
=
12
= ( )(D )(L )
=
( 3.14 ) ( 0.30 ) ( 8.0 )
=
7.536 2
=
0.85 x 2.5
=
2.125 / 2
=
( 12 ) ( 7.536 ) ( 2.125 )
=
192.2
=
3.0
192.2 =
64.1
3
= cLp + N c c. Ag

=
=
=

2.5 / 2
8.0 .
2 ( 1.8 + 2.7 ) = 9.0

- 27 Ag
=
1.8 x 2.7
= 4.86 2
D/B =
4.4 , N c
= 7.5
2.5 x 8 x 9 x 7.5 x 2.5 x 4.86
=
271

F.S
=
3
Allowable load on pile group =
271
3
=
90.3
Allowable load on pile group
=
64.1
6.2

Consolidation
20

Ultimate Bearing Load =
Ultimate End Bearing
FSo
+ Skin Friction Capacity - ..
Ultimate End Bearing ( Q b )
.
Skin Friction Capacity ( Q f )
.
FSo
( 3 )
. Ultimate End Bearing of a Single Pile
Terzaghis Equation
qb = 1.2cN c + DN q + 0.4 BN . (4)
qb Ultimate End Bearing Capacity / .2
c
=

=
Effective Unit Weight / .3

D
=
.

- 28 B
=

Clay = 0, NC = 5.7 , Nq = 1, N = 0
Equation (4)

qb = 7.4c + D
D 25
B

qb = 9c + D

( Terzaghi )

standard
penetration test c 6. c

C
=
0
qb = DN q + 0.4 BN

Nq, N
. Skin Friction Capacity

Bearing Capacity Factor 7.

..( 5 )
Ultimate Skin Friction Capacity, / .
Adhesion / .2
c
Adhesion Factor 4
Angle of Friction

q f = c a D + K s D 2 tan

qf
Ca

Ks

=
=
=
=
=

Coefficient of Earth pressure

. -

N
0 4
4 10
10 30
30 50

Ks
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

- 29 -

6
PENETRATION RESISTANCE
VS. UNCONFINED STRENGTH OF CLAY

- 30 N q Nr

7 Corelation of Standard Penetration with Bearing Capacity Factors and Angle of Shearing
Resistance ( Peck , Hanson, Thornburn 1953 )
N
=
adjusted number of blow
N

1
(N 15)
2

15 +

observed number of blow

- 31 Skin Friction For Clay

=
0
Equation (5) q f = eD
Skin Friction For Sand
C= 0
Equation (5)
3
q f = K s D 2 tan
4

2
.. ( allowable load )

- 32 Qu + ..

..

=
=
=
=
=

Fb
+ Ff
FS 0

(a)

0.30 x 0.30 x 2400 x 20

4320 Kg.
Fb
qb x Ab
qb
9c + D
9 x 20 + ( 0.5 x 14 x 0.6 x 5 + 08. x 1.0 )
190.8 / 2
Ab
=
0.30 x 0.30 = 0.09 2
Fb
=
190.8 x 0.09
=
17.1
Ff
=
Qf x As
=
1c1D1As+ 2c2D2As= As(1c1D1+ 2c2D2 )
As
=
0.30 x 4 = 1.20 2 / .
1c1D1
=
0.4 x 12 x 5.0
=
24
=
0.30 x 20 x 1.0
2c2D2
=
7.6
Ff
=
1.2 ( 24 + 7.6 )
=
37.9
(a ) FSo = 3
Qu + 4.3 =

Qu

17.1
+ 37.9
3

=
=
=
=
Qa =

43.6
43.6 4.3
39.3
2.5
39.3
= 15.72
2.5

- 33 3
( allowable load )

Qu + .. =
Qu
..
Fb

=
=
=

Fb
+ F f .(b)
FS 0

?
4.3
qb x Ab

qb = DN q + 0.4 BN
D

=
=

0.5 x 14 + 0.6 x 5 + 1.0 x 1

11 / 2

- 34 0.4 B N

=
=

0.4 x 0.30 x 1.0 x 46

5.52 / 2

qb = DN q + 0.4 BN

Fb

=
=
=
=

11 x 43 + 5.52
478.5 / 2
478.5 x 0.09
43.1

F f = F f1 + F f 2

Ff 1

=
=

Friction very stiff clay

Q f1 As

q f1 = CD1

Ff 1
Ff 2

=
=
=
=
=

0.4 x 12 x 5.0
24.0 / .
24 x 1.20 = 28.8
Friction 1.0 .
qf 2 x A s

1
3

2
q f 2 = K S DD1 + D1 tan
2
4

Ff 2
Ff

( b )
FSo
Qu + ..
Qu + 4.3

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.7 ( 10.0 + x 1.0 x ( 1.0 ) 2 tan x 36

0.7 ( 10.0 + 0.5 ) tan 27
7.35 x tan 27
3.75
3.75 x 1.20
4.50
Ff 1 + Ff 2
28.8 + 4.50
33.3
3
Fb + Ff
3
43.1 + 33.3
3
47.7

- 35 Qu

Qu

=
=
=

47.7 - 4.3 = 43.4

2.5
43.4 = 17.35
2.5

6.3 Dutch Cone Penetration Test

dutch cone

Qu = (Q fi Li P ) + Qca A W ..(6)
n

i =1

Qu
Qfi
Qca

=
=
=

Li
P
A
W
,

=
=
=
=
=

.

4d
d ( d =
)

3 (
)

-36-

7.
7.1 I
Design of prestress concre

I PILE

1. PILE SECTION PROPERTIES

X4

X5

X4

SIZE OF PILE
LENGTH
X1
X2
X3
X2
X1

X1
X2
X3
X4
X5

Ag
PERIMETER
DEAD LAOD
MIN MOMENT
IMPACT LOAD
MAX MOMENT

MOMENT OF INERTIA
SECTION MODULUS(TOP)
SECTION MODULUS(BOT)

Ix
Zt
Zb

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

18.000
CM.
14.00
M.
3.00
CM.
2.00
CM.
8.00
CM.
6.00
CM.
6.00
CM.
204.00 CM^2
89.30
CM.
48.96
KG/M
205.36
KG-(2
30.00 %
266.97
KG-M

=
=
=

7,708.00
856.44
856.44

CM^4
CM^3
CM^3

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

400.00
320.00
192.00
-14.31
180.00
132.00
-31.80
-39.80

KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

P.C.WIRE
5.000
0.1964
18,000.00
12,600.00
2474.64
1,979.71
8.00
0.7702

=
=
=
=
=

77.64
31.17
31.17
23.98
23.98

KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.

108.81

KSC.

POINT PIC

2. DESIGN CRITERIA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

fc'
fci'
fci
fti
fca

6. fta
7. fr

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.8fc'
0.6fci'
-0.8 SQR fci'
0.45fc'
0.33fc'
-1.59 SQR fc'
-1.99 SQR fc'

(BENDING)
(BEARING)

3. P.C. WIRE OR STRAND

TYPE OF P.C. WIRE OR STRAND
DIAMETER OF P.C.WIRE OR STRAND
CROSSECTIONAL AREA ( a )
fs'
fsi
= 70% OF fs'
Fi/Wire = fsi*a
Fe/Wire ( LOSS 20% )
NO. OF P.C. WIRE OR STRAND
PERCENTAGE OF STEEL ( Pg )

m.m.
CM^2
KSC.
KSC.
KG.
KG.

4. CHECK STRESS
Fe/Ag

=EFFECTIVE PRESTRESS
Mmax/Zt
Mmax/Zb
Mmin/Zt
Mmin/Zb

4.1 Fe/Ag+Mmax/Zt

( pc )

IF pc IS LESS THAN fca

180 KSC.
(CONDITION A) O.K.
=
46.46 KSC.
=
-31.80 KSC.
(CONDITION B) O.K.

4.2 Fe/Ag-Mmax/Zb
( pt )
IF pt IS MORE THAN fta
4.3 Fi/Ag+Mmin/Zt
( pci )
IF pci IS LESS THAN fci

=
=

121.02 KSC.
192 KSC.
(CONDITION C) O.K.
=
73.07 KSC.
=
-14.31 KSC.
(CONDITION D) O.K.

( pti )
4.4 Fi/Ag-Mmin/Zb
IF pti IS MORE THAN fti
5. CONCLUSION OF CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION

A
B
C
D

O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.

6. CRACKING MOMENT
Mcr =(Fe/Ag-fr)*Zb

1,005.77

KG-M

7. ALLOWABLE CONCENTRIC LOAD

Na

= (0.33fc'-0.27Fe/Ag)Ag
=
22,651.82 K.G.
=
22.65 TONS

8. ALLOWABLE LOAD AT DRIVING

Ncr
Ec

= (3.1416^2*Ec*I)/L^2
= 4270*W^1.5* SQR fc'
=
327,496.75 KSC.
=
7,708.00 CM^4
=
12,711.43 K.G.
=
12.71 TONS

Ix
Ncr
9. ULTIMATE DESIGN
As
b

d'
dp = d - d'
p = As/bdp
fs'
fc'
fsu fs'(1-0.5pfs'/fc')
q = pfsu/fc'
Mu
CRACKING MOMENT
F.S.

=
0.7856
CM^2
=
18.000
CM
=
2.200
CM
=
15.800
CM
=
0.0028
=
18,000.00 KSC.
=
400 KSC.
=
16,881.27 KSC.
=
0.12 (UNDERREINFORCED)
= 0.9*{As*fsu*dp(1-0.59q)}
=
1,756.13 KG-M
=
1,005.77 KG-M
=
1.75

RECOMMEND
1
2
3
4
5

TO ECONOMIZE AND CONTROL CRACKING pt SHOULD BE NEARLY 0

EFFECTIVE PRESTRESS SHOULD BE LESS TH
= 80 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR <12 METERS LONG
= 20 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR 13-21 METERS LONG
= 30 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR >21 METERS LONG
= 40 KSC.

-38-

7.2
DESIGN OF P.C. SQUARE PILE
1. PILE SECTION PROPERTIES
DIMENTION
LENGTH
DEAD LOAD OF PILE
MINIMUM MOMENT(TWO POINT PICK)
PROVIDE IMPACT LOAD
MAXIMUM MOMENT
Ag
CROSSECTION AREA
SECTION MODULUS(
Zt
SECTION MODULUS(
Zb

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

40.00
CM.
13.50
M.
392.00 KG/M
1,528.86 KG-M
30.00 %
1,987.52 KG-M
1,600.00 CM^2
10,666.67 CM^3
10,666.67 CM^3

2. DESIGN CRITERIA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

fc'
fci'
fci
fti
fca

6. fta
7. fr

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.8fc'
0.6fci'
-0.8 SQR fci'
0.45fc'
0.33fc'
-1.59 SQR fc'
-1.99 SQR fc'

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

400.00
320.00
192.00
-14.31
180.00
132.00
-31.80
-39.80

KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.

(BENDING)
(BEARING)

3. P.C. WIRE OR STRAND

TYPE OF P.C. WIRE OR STRAND
DIAMETER OF P.C.WIRE OR STRAND
CROSSECTIONAL AREA ( a )
fs'
fsi
= 70% OF fs'
Fi/Wire = fsi*a
Fe/Wire ( LOSS 20% )
NO. OF P.C. WIRE OR STRAND
PERCENTAGE OF ST ( Pg )
4. CHECK STRESS
Fe/Ag
EFFECTIVE PRESTRESS
Mmax/Zt
Mmax/Zb
Mmin/Zt
Mmin/Zb

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

STRAND GRADE 250K

0.375
inch
0.5175
CM^2
18,300.00 KSC.
12,810.00 KSC.
6629.175 KG.
5,303.34 KG.
8.00
0.2588

=
=
=
=
=

26.52
18.63
18.63
14.33
14.33

KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.
KSC.

( pc )
4.1 Fe/Ag+Mmax/Zt
IF pc IS LESS THAN fca

=
=

KSC.
KSC.

4.2 Fe/Ag-Mmax/Zb
( pt )
IF pt IS MORE THAN fta

=
=

45.15
180
(CONDITION A)
7.88
-31.80
(CONDITION B)
47.48
192
(CONDITION C)
18.81
-14.31
(CONDITION D)

KSC.
KSC.

4.3 Fi/Ag+Mmin/Zt
( pci )
IF pci IS LESS THAN fci

=
=

4.4 Fi/Ag-Mmin/Zb
( pti )
IF pti IS MORE THAN fti

=
=

O.K.
KSC.
KSC.
O.K.

O.K.
KSC.
KSC.
O.K.

5. CONCLUSION OF CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION
CONDITION

A
B
C
D

O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.

6. CRACKING MOMENT
=

Mcr =(Fe/Ag-fr)*Zb

7,073.78

KG-M

7. ALLOWABLE CONCENTRIC LOAD

Na

= (0.33fc'-0.27Fe/Ag)Ag
=
199,744.79 K.G.
=
199.74 TONS

8. ALLOWABLE LOAD AT DRIVING

Ncr
Ec

= (3.1416^2*Ec*I)/L^2
= 4270*W^1.5* SQR fc'
=
327,496.75 KSC.
= b^4/12
CM^4
=
213,333.33 CM^4
=
378,355.42 K.G.
=
378.36 TONS

I
Ncr
9. ULTIMATE DESIGN
As
d
d'
dp = d - d'
p = As/bdp
fs'
fc'
fsufs'(1-0.5pfs'/fc')
q = pfsu/fc'
ULTIMATE MOMENT (Mu)
Mu
CRACKING MOMENT (Mcr)
F.S.= Mu/Mcr
b

=
2.0700
CM^2
=
40.000
CM
=
4.500
CM
=
35.500
CM
=
0.0015
=
18,300.00 KSC.
=
400 KSC.
=
17,689.77 KSC.
=
0.06 (UNDERREINFORCED)
= 0.9*{As*fsu*dp(1-0.59q)}
=
11,254.39 KG-M
=
7,073.78 KG-M
=
1.59

RECOMMEND
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TO ECONOMIZE AND CONTROL CRACKING pt SHOULD BE NEARLY 0

EFFECTIVE PRESTRESS SHOULD BE LESS THAN 0.2fc'
80 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR <12 METERS LONG
= 20 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR 13-21 METERS LONG
= 30 KSC.
SUITABLE EFF.PRESTRESS FOR >21 METERS LONG
= 40 KSC.

-40-

7.3
DESIGN OF STEEL PLATE
1.SECTION OF PILE
DIMENTION ( b )
LENGTH

=
=

25.00
10.50

CM.
M.

2.MATERIAL PROPRETY
STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (Fc')
STRENGTH OF STEEL (Fy)

=
=

350.00 KSC.
3,000.00 KSC.

3.LAOD-MOMENT
DEAD LOAD OF PILE
MOMENT
PROVIDE IMPACT LOAD
MAXIMUM MOMENT

=
=
=
=

150.00
353.90
30.00
460.07

KG/M
KG-M
%
KG-M

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

460.07 KG-M
M*100/b
KG-M
1,840.29
KG
E60
3.00 m.m.
267.00 KG/CM
T/Fv
CM.
6.89 CM.
25.00 CM.
(CONDITION A) O.K.

4.WELD JOINT DESIGN

CONSIDER MOMENT (M)
REQUIRED ONE EDGE STRENGTH (T)
USE WELDING ROD TYPE
SIZE OF THROAT
WELD STRENGTH (Fv)
WELD LENGTH (Lw)
IF Lw IS LESS THAN
5.DOWEL BARS
CENTER OF STEEL FROM EDGE (d)
CONSIDER FORCE (P)
REQUIRED AREA OF STEEL
DIAMETER OF DEFORMED BARS (Db)
NO.OF DEFORMED BARS PER ONE EDGE
AREA OF STEEL PER ONE EGDE (a)
IF a IS GREATHER THAN
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH (ld)(ACI CODE)
BUT NOT LESS THAN
RECOMMEND

ld

( ACI CODE)

=
3.00 CM.
= T*b/(b-2d)
KG.
=
2,421.44 KG.
CM^2
=
P/Fy*0.5
=
1.61 CM^2
=
12.00 m.m.
=
2.00
=
2.26 CM^2
=
1.61 CM^2
(CONDITION B) O.K.
= 0.0594Ab*Fy/SQRFc'
=
10.77 CM.
= 0.006*(Db/10)/Fy
=
21.60 CM.
=
30 CM.

6.END PLATE
CONSIDER MOMENT
THICKNESS OF END PLATE
THICKNESS OF SIDE PLATE
HEIGHT OF SIDE PLATE

(t1)
(t2)
(h)

7.FIND C.G. OF STEEL PLATE

CROSS SECTION AREA
C.G. OF PLATE (X)
MOMENT OF INERTIA C.G. (I)
STRESS (p)
C
p
IF p IS LESS THAN
8.CONCLUSION OF CONDITION
CONDITION A
CONDITION B
CONDITION C
T

=
=
=
=
=

T*d
5,520.88
6.00
3.00
5.00

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

18.00
0.77
26.30
MC/I
4.83
1,014.61
1,200.00
(CONDITION C)

KG-CM
KG-CM
m.m.
m.m.
CM.
CM^2
CM.
CM^4
KSC.
CM.
KSC.
KSC.
O.K.

O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
T

M
T
Plate
Plate

t1
h

v
P

P
d

t2

t2

d
b

- , ,
2524
-
, 2530
- , , 2521
- .. , ,
, 2546
- . ,
( - ) , 2545

- Ralph B. Peck , Water E. Hanson , Thomas

H . Thornburn , Foundation Engineering.
2 nd Edition , June 1973
- Joseph E. Bowles , Foundation Analysis and Design
5 th Edition , 1997