What is communication?

Communication is a process of transferring information from one entity to another.

What is Effective communication?

Effective Communication is a process where a message is received and understood by the receiver in the manner that the sender intended it to be.

What is Business communication?

Business communication takes place in the context of people and organizations transacting business, so the definition of communication as listed at the top of the page applies. The entities exchanging information are employees, customers, bosses, boards, stockholders, companies, departments and so forth. One specific - and subjective - dynamic that applies to business communication is that it tends to use its own "language" (business jargon) and the entities (sender and receiver) tend to adopt and maintain their public identities while communicating. In some sense, business communication is not as authentic as other types of communication.

What is Intercultural Communication?

a. Intercultural communication takes place when individuals influenced by different cultural communities negotiate shared meanings in interaction. b. Intercultural communication is defined as communication, and the study of it, among peoples of different cultural, ethnic and tribal backgrounds.

Explanation
Intercultural communication or communication between people of different cultural backgrounds has always been and will probably remain an important precondition of human coexistence on earth. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework of factors that are important in intercultural communication within a general model of human, primarily linguistic, communication. Intercultural communication in its most basic form refers to an academic field of study and research. It seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures behave, communicate and perceive the world around them. The findings of such academic research are then applied to 'real life' situations such as how to create cultural synergy between people from different cultures within a business or how psychologists understand their patients.

Why we need Intercultural Communication?

Nations and people of the world are increasingly interconnected and mutually interdependent. Globally, most cities and countries are becoming more diverse internally, with citizens and residents of varying races, religions, ethnicities and national backgrounds. Meanwhile, greater the risk is associated with economic or political aloofness and social isolation. All of these social forces are fostering increasingly more study of intercultural communication.

Department of Business Administration, UOG Roll No. 11014220-049

The symbolic aspect of communication and its reliance on encoding and decoding are particularly important in intercultural communication, which encompasses both verbal and nonverbal elements. The differences between languages obviously can hamper communication, but so too (though less obviously) can varying ways that people of different cultures use nonverbal elements of body language, gaze, touch, time and so on. In some instances, intercultural communication began as an attempt by a dominant, often the host society, to acculturate new immigrants. However, the field has grown toward the kind of communication associated with dialogue.

What is Culture?
a. The word Culture is often misunderstood as its wide semantic field includes but is not limited to Language, Arts & Sciences, Thought, Social activities, Interaction. b. Culture is the systems of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people. c. Culture is communication, communication is culture. d. Culture is the sum of total of the learned behavior of a group of people that are generally considered to be the tradition of that people and are transmitted from generation to generation.

What is Organizational Culture?

Organizational culture is the sum total of an organization's past and current assumptions, experiences, philosophy, and values.

Explanation
Organizational cultures are created, maintained, or transformed by people. An organization's culture is, in part, also created and maintained by the organization's leadership. Leaders at the executive level are the principle source for the generation and re-infusion of an organization's ideology, articulation of core values and specification of norms. Organizational values express preferences for certain behaviors or certain outcomes. Organizational norms express behaviors accepted by others. They are culturally acceptable ways of pursuing goals. Leaders also establish the parameters for formal lines of communication and message content-the formal interaction rules for the organization. Values and norms, once transmitted through the organization, establish the permanence of the organization's culture.

Types of Organizational Culture?

There are four types of organizational culture exist in the world of business. 1. Collaborate (Clan) Culture An open and friendly place to work where people share a lot of themselves. It is like an extended family. Leaders are considered to be mentors or even parental figures. Group loyalty and sense of tradition are strong. 2. Create (Adhocracy) Culture A dynamic, entrepreneurial, and creative place to work. Innovation and risktaking are embraced by employees and leaders. A commitment to experimentation and thinking differently are what unify the organization. 3. Control (Hierarchy) Culture A highly structured and formal place to work. Rules and procedures govern behavior. Leaders strive to be good coordinators and organizers who are Department of Business Administration, UOG Roll No. 11014220-049

efficiency-minded. Maintaining a smooth-running organization is most critical. Formal policies are what hold the group together. 4. Compete (Market) Culture A results-driven organization focused on job completion. People are competitive and goal-oriented. Leaders are demanding, hard-driving, and productive. The emphasis on winning unifies the organization.

Department of Business Administration, UOG Roll No. 11014220-049

References
http://www.people-communicating.com/what-is-communication.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercultural_communication http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTGOVACC/Resources/InterculturalCommweb.pdf http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/articles/definition-of-intercultural-communication.html http://faculty.buffalostate.edu/smithrd/UAE%20Communication/Unit5.pdf http://www.roshan-institute.org/474552 http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-culture.html http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ndu/strat-ldr-dm/pt4ch16.html

Department of Business Administration, UOG Roll No. 11014220-049