thi vo khi THPT Chuyn ha HKHTN HQG H Ni Thi gian :150pht ( khng k thi gian pht )

Cu I. Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau :

t 1. Cu + H2SO4(c) CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O t 2. FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2 t 3. FexOy + CO FeO + CO2
0 0 0

Cu II. C 5 l mt nhn, mi l cha mt trong cc cht bt mu en hoc mu xm sm sau : FeS, Ag 2O, CuO, MnO2, FeO. Hy trnh by phng php ho hc n gin nht nhn bit tng cht trn, ch dng ng nghim, n cn v mt dung dch thuc th nhn bit. Cu III. Vit cng thc cu to ca tt c cc ng phn c cng thc phn t C4H10O. Cu IV. Cho cc s bin ho sau : 1. A + ... B 2. B + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O 3. B + ... C + H2O 4. C + B D + H2O 5. D + NaOH B + ... y A, B, C, D l k hiu cc cht hu c. Hy xc nh cng thc, tn gi ca cc cht v hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s trn. Cu V. Cho 27,4 g bari vo 400 g dung dch CuSO 4 3,2 %, thu c kh A, kt ta B v dung dch C. 1. Tnh th tch kh A (ktc). 2. Nung kt ta B nhit cao n khi lng khng i th thu c bao nhiu g cht rn ? 3. Tnh nng phn trm ca cht tan trong dung dch C. Cu VI. Thm t t dung dch HCl vo 10 g mui cacbonat mt kim loi ho tr II th sau mt thi gian lng kh thot ra vt qu 1,904 lit (ktc) v lng mui clorua to thnh vt qu 8,585 g. Hi l mui cacbonat ca kim loi no trong s cc kim loi sau : Mg, Ca, Ba, Cu, Zn. Cu VII. X l mt loi ru etylic 920 (cn 920).

1. Cho 10 ml X tc dng ht vi natri kim loi th thu c bao nhiu lit kh (ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ru etylic l 0,8 g/ml v ca nc l 1 g/ml. 2. Trn 10 ml X vi 15 g axit axetic ri un nng vi H 2SO4 c. Tnh khi lng este thu c, bit hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l 80%. Cu VIII. t chy hon ton 4,4 g hp cht hu c Y cha C, H, O cn va 5,6 lit oxi (ktc), thu c kh CO2 v hi nc vi th tch bng nhau. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca Y, bit rng phn t khi ca Y l 83 vC. 2. Cho 4,4 g Y tc dng hon ton vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau lm bay hi hn hp, thu c m1 g hi ca mt ru n chc v m2 g mui ca mt axit hu c n chc. S nguyn t cacbon trong ru v trong axit thu c l bng nhau. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to v tn gi ca Y. Tnh khi lng m1 v m2. Cho khi lng mol nguyn t : H = 1; C = 12 ; O = 16 ; Fe = 56 ; Cu = 64 ; Na = 23 ; Cl = 35,5 ; Ba = 137.

hng dn gii
Cu I. Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng :
t 1. Cu + 2H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0

t 2. 4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2 t 3. FexOy + (yx)CO xFeO + (yx)CO2

0

Cu II. Cho tng cht (vi lng nh) vo ng nghim, t nng, xy ra cc phn ng : 2FeS +
7 t0 O2 Fe2O3 + 2SO2 2
0

(1) (2)

t 4FeO + O2 2Fe2O3

Nhn ra FeS bng Fe2O3 mu nu v kh SO2. Nhn ra FeO bng Fe2O3 mu nu, khng km theo kh bay ra. Cn li MnO2, Ag2O v CuO : dng axit HCl nhn bit : CuO cho dung dch mu xanh lam, Ag2O cho kt ta trng, MnO2 cho kh mi xc bay ra. Cu III. Cng thc cu to dng mch h ca tt c cc ng phn c cng thc phn t C4H10O : CH3CH2CH2CH2OH ; CH3OCH2CH2CH3 ; CH3CH2 CH CH3 ; OH CH3CH2OCH2CH3 ; CH3 CH3 CHOCH3 ; CH3COH

CH3

CH3

Cu IV. Cng thc phn t ca cc cht : A : CH2=CH2 ; B : C2H5OH ; C : CH3COOH ; D : CH3COOC2H5 Cc PTHH theo s : 1. CH2= CH2 + H2O CH3CH2OH 2. CH3CH2OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O 3. CH3CH2OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O 4. CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O 5. CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH CH3CH2OH + CH3COONa Cu V. Cc phng trnh ho hc : Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2 CuSO4 + Ba(OH)2 Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4 S mol cc cht : nBa =
27,4 400 3,2 = 0,2 mol ; nCuSO4 = = 0,08 mol. 137 160 100

(1) (2)

1. Theo (1) : nH2 = nBa = 0,2 mol. Vy VH2 = 0,2 22,4 = 4,48 l (ktc). 2. Theo (1, 2) c s mol cc cht kt ta l :
nCu(OH)2 = nBaSO4 = nCuSO4 = 0,08 mol (d Ba(OH)2.

Kt ta B gm Cu(OH)2 v BaSO4. Khi nung B :

t Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O
0

mcht rn = mCuO + mBaSO4 = 0,08 80 + 0,08 233 = 25,4 g. 3. Trong dung dch C c Ba(OH)2 d. Khi lng dung dch C : mC = 400 + 27,4 ( mCu(OH)2 + mBaSO4 + mH2 ) = 427,4 7,84 18,64 0,4 = 401,32 g V mBa(OH)2 = (0,2 0,08) 171 = 20,52 g Vy C%(Ba(OH)2) =
20,52 100% = 5,11%. 401 ,32

Cu VI. Phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng : MCO3 + 2HCl MCl2 + CO2 + H2O

nCO2 > 1 ,904 = 0,085 mol nMCl2 > 0,085 mol. 22,4

Hay (M+71) 0,085 < 8,585 M<30.

Trong cc kim loi trn ch c Mg c khi lng mol nguyn t nh hn 30. Vy mui l MgCO3. Cu VII. 1. Cc phng trnh ho hc : 2C2H5OH + 2Na 2C2H5ONa + H2 2H2O + 2Na 2NaOH + H2 Tnh s mol ca ru v nc trong 10 ml X :
nC2H5OH = 10 92 0,8 10 8 1 = 0,16 mol ; nH2O = = 0,04 mol 100 46 100 18 1 (0,16+0,04) = 0,1 mol. Vy VH2 = 0,1 22,4 = 2,24 lit. 2

(1) (2)

Theo (1, 2) : nH2 =

2. Phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng : CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

nCH3COOH = 15 = 0,25 mol > nC2H5OH . 60

(3)

meste = 0,16 88 80% = 11,264 g. Cu VIII. 1. t CTPT ca Y l CxH2xOz. Phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng : CxH2xOz +
3x z O2 xCO2 + xH2O 2

(1)
3x z mol O2 2

Theo phng trnh ho hc : 1 mol CxH2xOz chy vi Theo u bi :

5,6 4,4 mol CxH2xOz chy vi = 0,25 mol O2 22,4 14x + 16z

T y ta tnh c cp nghim thch hp : x = 4 ; z = 2. Cht hu c Y c CTPT l C4H8O2 (M = 88). 2. Theo u bi Y l 1 este c CTCT : CH3COOCH2CH3 : Etyl axetat. Phng trnh phn ng vi NaOH : CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH CH3COONa + C2H5OH S mol Y : nY =
4,4 = 0,05 mol ; 88

m1 = 46 0,05 = 2,3 g ;

m2 = 82 0,05 = 4,1 g.