1%8C'31437-8)C(%1%+) 1%8C

LS-DYNA Version 971 115 (MAT)

1%8C'31437-8)C(%1%+)
This is Material Type 22. An orthotropic material with optional brittle failure for composites can
be defined following the suggestion of |Chang and Chang 1987a, 1987b|. Three failure criteria
are possible, see the LS-DYNA Theory Manual. By using the user defined integration rule, see
*INTEGRATIONSHELL, the constitutive constants can vary through the shell thickness. For
all shells, except the DKT formulation, laminated shell theory can be activated to properly model
the transverse shear deformation. Lamination theory is applied to correct for the assumption of a
uniform constant shear strain through the thickness of the shell. For sandwich shells where the
outer layers are much stiffer than the inner layers, the response will tend to be too stiff unless
lamination theory is used. To turn on lamination theory see *CONTROLSHELL.
'EVH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Variable MID RO EA EB EC PRBA PRCA PRCB
8]TI % * * * * * * *
(IJEYPX
RSRI 2SRI RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI
'EVH
Variable GAB GBC GCA KFAIL AOPT MACF
8]TI * * * * * -
(IJEYPX
RSRI 2SRI RSRI
'EVH
Variable XP YP ZP A1 A2 A3
8]TI * * * * * *
(IJEYPX

1%8C 1%8C'31437-8)C(%1%+)
116 (MAT) LS-DYNA Version 971
'EVH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Variable V1 V2 V3 D1 D2 D3 BETA
8]TI * * * * * * *
(IJEYPX

'EVH
Variable SC XT YT YC ALPH SN SYZ SZX
8]TI * * * * * * * *
(IJEYPX RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI RSRI
:%6-%&0) ()7'6-48-32
1-( Material identification. A unique number or label not exceeding 8
characters must be specified.
63 Mass density
)% )
E
, Young`s modulus in a-direction.
)& )
F
, Young`s modulus in b-direction.
)' )
G
, Young`s modulus in c-direction.
46&%
FE
, Poisson ratio, ba.
46'%
GE
, Poisson ratio, ca (if zero, defaults to PRBA for shell thickness
YTHEXIW
46'&
GF
, Poisson ratio, cb (if zero, defaults to PRBA for shell thickness
YTHEXIW
+%& +
EF
, Shear modulus, ab.
+&' +
FG
, Shear modulus, bc.
+'% +
GE
, Shear modulus, ca.
1%8C'31437-8)C(%1%+) 1%8C
LS-DYNA Version 971 117 (MAT)
:%6-%&0) ()7'6-48-32
/*%-0 Bulk modulus of failed material. Necessary for compressive failure.
%348 Material axes option (see MATC348-32 TROPICELASTIC for a
more complete description):
EQ. 0.0: locally orthotropic with material axes determined by
element nodes 1, 2, and 4, as with *DEFINECOORDINATE
23()7
EQ. 1.0: locally orthotropic with material axes determined by a
point in space and the global location of the element center; this is
the a-direction. This option is for solid elements only.
EQ. 2.0: globally orthotropic with material axes determined by
vectors defined below, as with *DEFINECOORDINATE
:)'836
EQ. 3.0: locally orthotropic material axes determined by rotating
the material axes about the element normal by an angle, BETA,
from a line in the plane of the element defined by the cross product
SJXLIZIGXSVZ with the element normal.
EQ. 4.0: locally orthotropic in cylindrical coordinate system with
the material axes determined by a vector Z, and an originating point,
P, which define the centerline axis. This option is for solid
elements only.
LT.0.0: the absolute value of AOPT is a coordinate system ID
number (CID on *DEFINECOORDINATENODES, *DEFINE
COORDINATESYSTEM or *DEFINECOORDINATE
VECTOR). Available in R3 version of 971 and later.
1%'* Material axes change flag for brick elements:
EQ.1: No change, default,
EQ.2: switch material axes a and b,
EQ.3: switch material axes a and c,
EQ.4: switch material axes b and c.
<4=4>4 Coordinates of point T for AOPT 1.
%%% 'SQTSRIRXWSJZIGXSVE for AOPT 2.
::: 'SQTSRIRXWSJZIGXSVZ for AOPT 3.
((( 'SQTSRIRXWSJZIGXSVH for AOPT 2.
&)8% Material angle in degrees for AOPT 3, may be overridden on the
element card, see *ELEMENTSHELLBETA or *ELEMENT
SOLIDORTHO.
7' Shear strength, ab plane, see the LS-DYNA Theory Manual.
1%8C 1%8C'31437-8)C(%1%+)
118 (MAT) LS-DYNA Version 971
:%6-%&0) ()7'6-48-32
<8 Longitudinal tensile strength, a-axis, see the LS-DYNA Theory Manual.
=8 Transverse tensile strength, b-axis.
=' Transverse compressive strength, b-axis (positive value).
%04, Shear stress parameter for the nonlinear term, see the LS-DYNA Theory
Manual. Suggested range 0 0.5.
72 Normal tensile strength (solia elements onlv)
7=> Transverse shear strength (solia elements onlv)
7>< Transverse shear strength (solia elements onlv)
6IQEVOW
The number of additional integration point variables for shells written to the d3plot
database is input by the optional *DATABASEEXTENTBINARY as variable NEIPS. These
additional variables are tabulated below (MT shell integration point):
,MWXSV]
:EVMEFPI
Description Value
LS-Prepost
history variable
ef(i) tensile fiber moae 1
cm(i) tensile matrix moae 1 - elastic 2
ea(i) compressive matrix moae 0 - failea 3
These variables can be plotted in LS-Prepost as element history variables 1, 2, and 3. The
following components are stored as element component 7 instead of the effective plastic strain.
Description Integration point

RMT
M
IJ M
RMT
!

RMT
M
GQ M
RMT
!

RMT
M
IH M
RMT
!