Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2013
Corn. It is a part of who we are as Americans. From the first tall, leafy stalk domesticated by early Americans to the cutting-edge varieties that help our nations most widely grown crop thrive today, corn feeds innovation and fuels our economy. Corn nourishes our cultural identity, lighting night skies on Independence Day and filling traditional cornucopias at Thanksgiving. Our nations corn farmers, through their unwavering dedication and steady perseverance, grow a crop that sustains our people, feeds our economy and buttresses our national identity. As you turn these pages, you too can explore the World of Corn.
25 lbs.
CorN EACh AmEriCAN CoNsumEs ANNuAlly pErCENtAGE of thE Worlds CorN supply GroWN iN thE uNitEd stAtEs. thE u.s. is thE lArGEst produCEr of CorN.
32 20 123.4
harvested in 2012
bu/ACrE
Corn (grain) Corn (silage) Soybeans Hay Wheat Cotton Sorghum (grain) Sorghum (silage) Barley Rice Sunflower Canola Dry Edible Beans Peanuts Sugar Beets Potatoes Oats Sugar Cane Dry Edible Peas Lentils Tobacco Flaxseed Rye Proso Millet Safflower Sweet Potatoes Peppermint Mustard Seed Other Hops Total
2011 83,989 5,935 73,776 55,653 45,705 9,461 3,929 224 2,239 2,617 1,458 1,043 1,168 1,081 1,213 1,077 939 873 343 411 325 173 242 338 127 130 74 22 36 30 294,630
2012 87,375 7,379 76,104 56,260 48,991 9,427 4,955 363 3,244 2,678 1,841 1,729 1,690 1,608 1,204 1,133 1,045 899 621 450 336 336 248 205 160 127 76 50 40 32 310,605
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary Jan. 11, 2013
31.5
lbs. of starch
Corn starch is preferred in many commercial food applications due to is translucent nature versus flour which is opaque.
Only the starch is used to make ethanol. The remaining nutrients, protein, fiber and oil, known as Dried Distillers Grains with Soluables are used as feed.
22.4
Corn starch can be used to create polyactic acid polymers. These can be processed into sustainable versions of fibers and plastics.
lbs. of sweetener
*In dry-grind ethanol process. **In wet-mill ethanol process. Gluten feed is 20 percent protein and gluten meal is 60 percent protein
Corn syrup is used as a sweetener, thickening agent and as a humetant, a water-absorbing ingredient helping food retain freshness.
97.2 Million Acres Planted 87.4 Million Acres Harvested 10.8 Billion Bushels Produced $79.8 Billion Corn Crop Value $7.4 Average Price/Bushel
Oats $0.19 $0.24 $0.83 Barley $1.41 $1.28 Sorghum $1.80 Wheat Soybeans Corn
Source: USDA WASDE Jan. 11, 2013
$14.47 $17.92
us Corn production
2012 u.s. Corn production by state
Producing corn is a national endeavor that helps satisfy domestic and international needs. Global demand accounts for roughly 20 percent of our corn production achieved through irrigated and non-irrigated practices. In the continental US, every state adds to total corn production numbers. And as the numbers demonstrate, last years drought made a dynamic impact on the industry like never before. While drought conditions have been a factor in this industry, last years conditions proved to be the most extensive on record, effecting roughly 80 percent of agricultural land. Although the severity of the drought was unexpected, we remain confident in our nations corn growers to persevere and prosper in 2013.
Acres Planted Acres Harvested for Average Yield Total Production bushel/acre 1,000/bushels (1,000s) Grain (1,000s) Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming U.S. TOTAL 310 75 710 610 1,420 185 75 345 360 12,800 6,250 14,200 4,700 1,650 540 495 2,650 8,750 820 3,600 105 10,000 95 125 1,170 860 3,600 3,900 360 85 1,460 330 6,150 1,040 1,850 92 510 185 51 4,350 105 97,155 295 32 695 180 1,010 178 40 310 135 12,250 6,030 13,700 3,950 1,530 530 435 2,390 8,330 795 3,300 60 9,100 86 43 680 820 3,460 3,650 295 52 1,000 310 5,300 960 1,550 34 350 115 35 3,300 60 87,375 98 195 178 185 133 135 112 180 190 105 99 137 96 68 173 122 133 165 165 75 110 142 118 170 134 117 122 123 110 210 132 122 101 85 130 167 103 215 128 121 142 123.4 28,910 6,240 123,710 33,300 134,330 24,030 4,480 55,800 25,650 1,286,250 596,970 1,876,900 379,200 104,040 91,690 53,070 317,870 1,374,450 131,175 247,500 6,600 1,292,200 10,148 7,310 91,120 95,940 422,120 448,950 32,450 10,920 132,000 37,820 535,300 81,600 201,500 5,678 36,050 24,725 4,480 399,300 8,520 10,780,296
1932-2012
(million bushels)
3,120
2,114
2,113
1,967
1,365
1,304
1,624
1,673
1,087 708
Source: USDA, ERS, Feed Outlook, Jan. 15, 2013 *Crop year ending Aug. 31, 2013
327
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12*
384
769
958
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary Jan. 11, 2013
11,112,187
9,476,698
93,527
85,982
86,382
88,818
82,230
81,857
88,192
91,936
65,017
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary, Jan. 11, 2013
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary, Jan. 11, 2013
(1,000 bu)
($/bu)
160.3
164.7
147.9
149.1
150.7
153.9
152.8
131.5
142.2
147.2
129.3
123.4
$4.20
113.2
$4.06
$2.55
$2.32
$2.42
$1.52
35.4
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary, Jan. 11, 2013
Source: USDA, WAOB, World Agriculture Supply & Demand Estimate, Jan. 11, 2013
97,213
$0.29
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
$0.89
26.5
$1.12
41.8
$1.57
$2.07
$2.06
$2.00
64.7
$3.04
97.0
$3.55
86,520
78,570
79,213
75,117
79,490
81,446
83,989
87,375
72,719
72,077
71,353
69,330
70,944
73,631
70,638
54.76
49.09
55,726
57,513
24.48
21.64
24.38
4.56
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production 2012 Summary, Jan. 11, 2013
0.75
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2.49
4.03
8.74
19.72
20.88
22.20
32.09
46.48
64.48
$5.18
$6.22*
$7.40**
2,578,685
32 42 52 62 72 82 92 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2,801,819
2,980,793
3,606,311
5,579,832
79,311
78,603
78,894
80,929
81,779
67,126
78,327
8,235,101
97,155
8,966,787
113,024
10,087,292
10,531,123
10,780,296
U.S. 32.1%
India 2.3% Ukraine 2.4% Mexico 2.4% Argentina 3.3% EU-27 6.4%
China 24.4%
Source: USDA FAS Grain: World Markets and Trade, Jan 11. 2013 *Marketing Year October 1, 2012- September 30, 2013
Other 21.2%
U.S. 30.7%
7,115 10,317
Japan 1,169 1.8% India 2.0% 2,165 Mexico 3.5% Brazil 6.5% EU-27 7.5%
8,228
2,520
China 24.5%
Each year, new uses and applications are discovered. Recently, some watches, jeans and even skateboards are now made with corn.
Source: USDA FAS Grain: World Markets and Trade, Jan 11, 2013 *Marketing Year October 1, 2012- September 30, 2013
Exporting Nations
U.S. 1,024 (26.8%) Brazil 886 (23.2%)
Russia 91 (2.4%) Paraguay 94 (2.5%) South Africa 98 (2.6%) India 118 (3.1%) Ukraine 492 (12.9%) Argentina 768 (20.1%)
importing Nations
Mexico 354 (9.3%) Japan 591 (15.5%) South Korea 315 (8.3%) EU-27 315 (8.3%)
Source: USDA FAS Grain: World Markets and Trade, Jan. 11, 2013 *Marketing Year October 1, 2012- September 30, 2013
2,177
2,229 1,794
2,134
1,979
2,125
1,937
1,941
1,905
1,900
Total corn exports for the U.S. average roughly 20% of national production which underlines our nations capacity to utilize supply. That said, the global demand for corn continues to rise.
Source: USDA, WAOB, World Agriculture Supply & Demand Estimate, Jan. 11, 2013
1,818
1,858
1,980
2,437
1,835
1,503
1,543* 950**
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
Japan Mexico China South Korea Taiwan Venezuala Canada Guatemala Costa Rica Egypt Other Total
1,588
Feed/Residual
FSI
6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000
Thanks to technological advancements, you can find corn in crayons a powerful creative tool that allows anyone to make art in any color they choose. As a native starch, corn supplies the needed ingredient in industrial applications such as in the manufacture of dyes and paints. Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics share this starch ingredient as well. Its widely used in powdered cosmetics, soaps and antibiotic products. Cosmetics is a lucrative business, surely helped by the fact that, like crayons, one color is just never enough. In our homes too, corn keeps our environments fresh and inviting. Wall paint contains corn starch, carpet fibers are made from corn and wallpaper adhesive from starch. So from paper to dyes, pigments to paints, you can practically color and cover the world with corn! Cosmetics, such as stage makeup, are made up of corn starch. Cosmetic manufacturers are adding corn starch more often for its oil absorbing property. Corn silk has also become a popular ingredient, known to provide allantoin, a natural antioxidant and healing agent.
Source: USDA ERS, Feed Outlook *projection
Exports
Carry Out
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 *
5,961
82
853
87
1,251
92
1,557
97
1,835
2,355
02
03
2,549
04
2,707
05
3,019
06
3,541
07
4,442
08
5,025
(million bushels)
09
10
11
12
Source: USDA, ERS, Feed Outlook, Jan 15, 2013 *Crop year ending Aug 31, 2012
5,867
6,428
6,405
Exports
950 million bushels (8.4%)
feed/residual
4,450 million bushels (39.5%)
ddGs
sweeteners
280 million bushels (2.5%)
fuel Ethanol
3,465 million bushels
(30.8%)
starch
Cereal/other
beverage/Alcohol
fsi
Source: USDA, ERS, Feed Outlook, Jan. 15, 2013 *Crop year ending Aug 31, 2013
135
135
134
136
134
135
136
132
133
131
133
135
135
110
85
1,250
1,000
521 520 485
532
545
528
535
523
530
525
358
415
489
512
214
Other 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
82
87
92
97
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Source: ProExporter Network. Crop year ending Aug. 31, 2012 *projections
258
250
248
258
260
226
150
218
234
240
beef
poultry
pork
dairy
277
265
82
87
92
97
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
192
187
182
187
189
190
190
192
194
(million bushels)
197
202
202
113
4,000 3,500
60
3,000
82 87 92 97 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
272
259
256
238
236
231
234
245
245
257
265
(million bushels)
280
165
Pork 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12*
82
87
92
97
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Source: PRX; USDA, WAOB, World Agriculture Supply and Demand Estimates, January 2013 * Calendar year estimates
Source: USDA, ERS, Feed Outlook, Jan. 15, 2013 *Crop year ending Aug. 31, 2012
189 253 329 342 569 914 923 1,102 1,218 1,209 1,035 Source: ProExporter Network *projections
155 pEoplE
IN 1960, THE AVERAGE U.S. FARMER FED
% 95
Source: ProExporter Network. Crop year ending Aug 31, 2012 Crop *projections Year Ending August 31, 2013
WHAT IS THE
CorN bElt?
The term Corn Belt is thrown around a lot and generally refers to the upper Midwest. But is it really a belt? As you can see by this map from the USDA, significant yields occur in the Pacific Northwest, Californias Central Valley, along the Mississippi River, and up the Eastern Seaboard from Georgia to Upstate New York. Its easy to see why no other crop is truly more All-American than corn.
Source: Map based on 2011 Yield Per Harvested Acre by County for Selected States USDA, NASS
02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
26 pEoplE
Non-Corn Belt Corn Belt
Source: ProExporter Network. Crop year ending Aug. 31, 2012 *projections
02 03 04 05 06 07
08 09 10 11 12*
2012
12% Non-Biotech
Biotech corn innovation offers distinct advantages under certain conditions and insect pressure, helping producers reduce yield loss during average growing conditions. Latest numbers conclude that biotech accounted for 88 percent of corn planted in 2012.
Year Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Michigan Minnesota Missouri Nebraska Ohio Texas In addition to fuel, more plastics are being produced with sustainable resources like corn. This will reap great dividends in the future because nearly 10 percent of the worlds oil consumption is used to make plastics. Wisconsin Other Total
(1,000 acres) Non-Biotech 11,659 Insect Resistant 14,573 Herbicide Tolerant 20,403 Stacked Traits 50,521 Total 97,155
Source: USDA, NASS, Crop Production Annual, Jan 11, 2013
the u.s. department of Energy estimates for every one billion gallons of ethanol produced, 10,000 to 20,000 jobs are added to our domestic economy.
Ethanol plants National Total: 212 Nameplate capacity National Total: 14,600.3
ND 6/370
MN 22/1145
WI 10/504
CO 4/125 AZ 1/55
NM 1/30
MO 6/271
IL 14/1412
TX 4/355
KY 2/35.4 TN 2/255
VA 1/65
4,591
5,000
140
82
279
87
426
92
488
97
996
02
1,168
03
1,323
04
1,603
05
2,119
06
3,049
07
3,709
08
09
10
11
Source: USDA ERS, Feed Outlook, Jan. 15, 2013 *Crop year ending Aug. 31, 2013. Includes approximately 1.3 billion bushels to be used as distillers grains for livestock feed. Source: ProExporter Network. Similar ratios apply for previous years.
4,500
(million bushels)
5,021
12
Henry Ford designed the first Model T, produced in 1908, to run on pure ethanol.
Over 23 million U.S. jobs are tied to agriculture from growing and distribution to processing and manufacturing. These organizations are working hard to ensure Americas economy is thriving.
US Poultry & Egg Association (770) 493-9401 www.poultryegg.org stAtE orGANizAtioNs Alabama Soybean and Corn Growers Association (256) 882-3369 Mark Hall, Executive Director mark@alabamasoycorn.org Alabama Wheat and Feed Grain Producers (334) 613-4216 Buddy Adamson, Director badamson@alfafarmers.org Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board (501) 228-1297 Matt King, Executive Director matt.king@arfb.com Colorado Corn Growers Association Colorado Corn Administrative Committee (970) 351-8201 Mark Sponsler, CEO msponsler@coloradocorn.com www.coloradocorn.com Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission (404) 656-3678 Marcia Crowley, Agricultural Manager mcrowley@agr.state.ga.us Georgia Corn Growers Association (229) 386-3006 Dewey Lee, State Executive Coordinator deweylee@uga.edu Illinois Corn Growers Association (309) 557-3257 Rodney Weinzierl, Executive Director weinzier@ilcorn.org www.ilcorn.org Illinois Corn Marketing Board (309) 827-0912 Rodney Weinzierl, Executive Director weinzierl@ilcorn.org www.ilcorn.org Indiana Corn Growers Association Indiana Corn Marketing Council (317) 347-3620 Jane Ade Stevens, Executive Director jadestevens@indianacorn.org www.incorn.org Iowa Corn Growers Association Iowa Corn Promotion Board (515) 225-9242 Craig Floss, Chief Executive Officer cfloss@iowacorn.org www.iowacorn.org Kansas Corn Growers Association Kansas Corn Commission (785) 448-6922 Jere White, Executive Director jwhite@ksgrains.com www.ksgrains.com/corn
Kentucky Corn Growers Association Kentucky Corn Promotion Council (800) 326-0906 Laura Knoth, Executive Director laura@kycorn.org www.kycorn.org Louisiana Soybean and Grain Research and Promotion Board (225) 922-6209 Kyle McCann, Corresponding Secretary kylem@lfbf.org Maryland Grain Producers Association Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board (410) 956-5771 Lynne Hoot, Executive Director lynnehoot@aol.com www.marylandgrain.com Michigan Corn Growers Association Corn Marketing Program of Michigan (517)-668-CORN (2676) Jim Zook, Executive Director jzook@micorn.org www.micorn.org Minnesota Corn Growers Association Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council (952) 233-0333 Tim Gerlach, Executive Director gerlach@mncorn.org www.mncorn.org Mississippi Corn Growers Association Mississippi Corn Promotion Board (662) 325-2311 Dr. Erick Larson elarson@pss.msstate.edu Missouri Corn Growers Association Missouri Corn Merchandising Council (573) 893-4181 Gary Marshall, CEO gmarshall@mocorn.org www.mocorn.org Nebraska Corn Board (402) 471-CORN (2676) Don Hutchens, Executive Director don.hutchens@nebraska.gov www.nebraskacorn.org Nebraska Corn Growers Association (402) 438-6459 Scott Merritt, Executive Director smerritt@necga.org www.necga.org New York Corn and Soybean Growers Association (315) 583-5296 Julia Robbins, Executive Director juliarobbins@gmail.com www.nycornsoy.org Corn Growers Association of North Carolina (919) 803-4778 Joyce Woodhouse, Executive Secretary jwoodhouse@earthlink.net
North Dakota Corn Growers Association North Dakota Corn Utilization Council (701) 364-2250 Tom Lilja, Executive Director tom@ndcorn.org www.ndcorn.org Ohio Corn and Wheat Growers Association Ohio Corn Marketing Program (740) 201-8088 Tadd Nicholson, Executive Director tnicholson@ohiocornandwheat.org www.ohiocorn.org Oklahoma Corn Growers Association (580) 338-1568 Raylon Earls, Acting President Pennsylvania Corn Growers Association (814) 863-1018 H. Grant Troop, Executive Director info@pacorngrowers.org www.pacorngrowers.org South Carolina Corn and Soybean Association (803) 356-3727 Kathy Fudge, Executive Director sccsa@collabefforts.com www.scsoybeans.org South Dakota Corn Growers Association South Dakota Corn Utilization Council (605) 334-0100 Lisa Richardson, Executive Director lisal@sdcorn.org www.sdcorn.org Tennessee Corn Growers Association (731) 536-6226 Polk Glover, Secretary/Treasurer polk@ken-tennwireless.com www.tncorn.org Corn Producers Association of Texas Texas Corn Producers Board (806) 763-2676 David Gibson, Executive Director dgibson@texascorn.org www.texascorn.org Virginia Corn Board (804) 371-6157 Phil Hickman, Program Director phil.hickman@vdacs.virginia.gov Virginia Grain Producers Association (757) 421-3038 Katie Hellebush, Executive Director katie@virginiagrains.com www.virginiagrains.com Wisconsin Corn Growers Association Wisconsin Corn Promotion Board (262) 495-2232 Robert Oleson, Executive Director wicorn@centurytel.net www.wicorn.org
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Monsanto and Vine Design is a registered trademark of Monsanto Technology LLC. 2013 Monsanto Company.
Founded in 1957, the National Corn Growers Association represents more than 38,000 dues-paying corn farmers nationwide and the interests of more than 300,000 growers who contribute through corn checkoff programs in their states. NCGA and its 48 affiliated state associations and checkoff organizations work together to create and increase opportunities for their members and their industry.
National Corn Growers Association www.ncga.com 632 Cepi Drive Chesterfield, MO 63005 (636) 733-9004 20 F Street NW Suite 600 Washington, DC 20001 (202) 628-7001