I have divided the 195 countries of the world into eight regions.

These eight regions provide a clear division of the world's countries. There will be no further need to argue about within which region a country belongs as my list solves everything.

Asia
There are 27 countries in Asia; Asia stretches from former "stans" of the USSR to the Pacific Ocean. Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Kazakhstan
North Korea South Korea Kyrgyzstan Laos Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Philippines Singapore Sri Lanka Taiwan Tajikistan Thailand Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Vietnam

Middle East and North Africa

The 23 countries of the Middle East and North Africa include some countries not traditionally part of the Middle East but their cultures cause their placement in this region. Afghanistan Algeria Azerbaijan* Bahrain

Egypt Iran Iraq Israel* Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Morocco Oman Pakistan Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Syria Tunisia Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen * The former republics of the Soviet Union are typically lumped into one region, even 15 years after independence. In this listing, they've been placed where most appropriate. * Israel may be located in the Middle East but it is certainly an outsider and perhaps better belongs attached to Europe, like its seaward neighbor and European Union member state, Cyprus.

Europe
With 48 countries, there aren't many surprises on this list. However, this region stretches from North America and back to North America as it encompasses Iceland and all of Russia. Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia

Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland* Ireland Italy Kosovo Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland** Vatican City * Iceland straddles the Eurasian plate and the North American plate so geographically it is halfway between Europe and North America. However, its culture and settlement is clearly European in nature. ** The United Kingdom is the country composed of the constituent entities known as England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

North America

Economic powerhouse North America only includes three countries but it is most of a continent and thus a region onto itself. Canada Greenland* Mexico United States of America * Greenland is not yet an independent country.

Central America and the Caribbean

There are no landlocked countries among these twenty countries of Central America and the Caribbean. Antigua and Barbuda The Bahamas Barbados Belize Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago

South America
Twelve countries occupy this continent that stretches from the equator to nearly the Antarctic Circle. Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia

Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela

Sub-Saharan Africa
There are 47 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This region of Africa is often called Sub-Saharan Africa but some of these countries are actually Intra-Saharan (within the Sahara Desert). Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Cote d'Ivoire Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger

Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe

Australia and Oceania

These fifteen countries vary widely in their cultures and occupy a large swath of the world ocean although (with the exception of the continent-country Australia), do not occupy much land. Australia East Timor* Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu * While East Timor lies on an Indonesian (Asian) island, its eastern location requires that it be located with the Oceania nations of the world.

Word List
Greeting People
Hello. / Hi. Good morning. Good morning. (bis 12 Uhr) / Good afternoon.

Good evening

Introducing People
What's your name? My name is I am Haven't we met (before)? Yes, I think we have. No, I don't think we have. I think we've already met. I don't think we've met (before). This is Meet Have you met ? Yes, I have. No, I haven't. Yes, I think I have. No, I don't think I have. Hello, (name) Nice to meet you. (informal) Pleased to meet you. How do you do? (formal) Nice to see you. Nice to see you again.

Say Goodbye
(It was) nice meeting you. Good bye. Bye. / See you. See you later. See you soon. See you tomorrow. See you next week. Good night.

Health
How are you? How are you today? Fine, thank you/thanks. Not too bad. Very well. I'm okay / all right. Not too well, actually. What's wrong with you? What's the matter with you? Are you all right? I'm tired I'm exhausted . .

I've got a cold.

Phone
Language Guide German + Dictionary for iPhone and iPod-Touch (made by ego4u)

Anruf entgegennehmen
(company). Good morning. (company). Good afternoon. (company). How can I help you? I'm afraid you have dialled the wrong number. Who would you like to speak to? What does it concern, please? Would you mind telling me what you're calling about? Hold the line, I'll put you through. I'll pass you over to (department). is speaking on another line. isn't in (yet). is away on business. is on holiday (this week). is out for lunch. I'm afraid, is not available at the moment. will be back any minute. I'm sorry, but the line is engaged. There's no reply. If you hold the line, I'll try again. Would you like to hold? Could you try again later / tomorrow? Can I take a message? Would you like to leave a message for ? If you give me your phone number, will call you back. Could I have your name, please? Could I help you? / Maybe I can help you?

Anruf ttigen
here. / speaking. / This is This is (company), (name) speaking. Sorry, I must have dialled the wrong number. Could I speak to , please? Am I speaking to ? Could you put me through to , please? It's about I'm calling about Could you please tell I phoned? Could you give a message, please? Could you ask to call me back?

Do you know when will be back? Will be in the office tomorrow? I'll try again later / tomorrow. Maybe you could help me?

Verstndndigungsprobleme
My English isn't very good. The line is bad. I can hardly hear you. I didn't get that. Could you speak more slowly, please? Could you speak louder, please? Could you repeat that, please? Could you spell that, please? Sorry? / Pardon?

Word List on Presentations

Introduction
I want to give you a short presentation about ... My presentation is about ... I'd like to tell you something about ... I think everybody has heard about ..., but hardly anyone knows a lot about it. That's why I'd like to tell you something about it. Did you know that ...?

Introducing sub-topics
Let me begin by explaining why / how ... First / Now I want to talk about ... First / Now I want to give you an insight into ... Let's (now) find out why / how ... Let's now move to ... As I already indicated ... Another aspect / point is that ... The roots of ... go back to ... ... began when ... Legend has it that ... As you probably know, ... You probably know that ... Maybe you've already heard about ... You might have seen that already. At the beginning there was / were ... Many people knew / know ... Hardly anyone knew / knows ...

... hit the idea to ... ... was the first to ... It is claimed that ... One can say that ... I have read that ...

Pictures and graphics

Let me use a graphic to explain this. The graphic shows that ... As you can see (in the picture) ... In the next / following picture, you can see ... Here is another picture. The next picture shows how ... Let the pictures speak for themselves. I think the picture perfectly shows how / that ... Now, here you can see ...

Final thoughts on a sub-topic

It was a great success for ... It is a very important day in the history of ... It was / is a very important / special event. This proves that ... The reason is that ... The result of this is that ... It's because ... In other words, ... I want to repeat that ... I'd (just) like to add ...

Conclusion
... should not be forgotten. ... has really impressed me. I hope that one day ... We should not forget ... All in all I believe that... Summing up / Finally it can be said that ... Let me close by quoting ... who said, ... That was my presentation on ... I am now prepared to answer your questions. Do you have any questions?

Body Parts
arm eye eyebrow belly leg breast

thumb elbow fist finger foot (plural: feet) ankle buttocks hair neck hand wrist hip chin knee head lip mouth nose nostril upper arm thigh ear bottom, bum back underarm, forearm lower leg shoulder forehead waist calf (plural: calves) cheek eyelash, lash tooth (plural: teeth) toe tongue

Exercise on Body Parts Whole Body

Can you name the parts of the human body?

1. 1) hand
foot

2. 2)shoulder
shoulder

3. 3)head 4)
forearm

neck 4. 5)finger
finger

neck

5. 6) thumb
upper arm

6. 7)wrist
w rist

7. 8)elbow
elbow

8. 9)breast
breast

9. 10)belly
belly

10. 11)thigh
thigh

11. 12)knee
knee

12. 13)lower leg

low er leg toe

13. 14)toe 14. 15)calf

low er leg

15. 16)ankle
toe

16. 17)foot

foot

17. 18)bottom
back

18. 19)back
back

19. 20)upper arm

back

20. 21)forearm
w rist

Family tree showing the relationship of each person to the orange person. Cousins are colored green. The genetic kinship degree of relationship is marked in red boxes by percentage (%). Main article: Kinship terminology

Grandparent o Grandfather: a parent's father o Grandmother: a parent's mother Grandson: a child's son Granddaughter: a child's daughter

For collateral relatives, more classificatory terms come into play, terms that do not build on the terms used within the nuclear family:
Neither... nor Neither... nor is equivalent to not... either... or. Neither Mike nor Lisa will be there. He speaks neither English nor French. We brought neither coffee nor tea. I will neither help you nor go to my room. Neither can also be followed by (one) of + group of two: Neither of them is ready. Neither one of them is ready. Neither of us has any money. Neither one of us has any money. Neither is used like not... either. I don't speak French. Neither do I. (informal): Me neither.

Uncle: father's brother, mother's brother, father's sister's husband, mother's sister's husband Aunt: father's sister, mother's sister, father's brother's wife, mother's brother's wife Nephew: sister's son, brother's son, wife's brother's son, wife's sister's son, husband's brother's son, husband's sister's son Niece: sister's daughter, brother's daughter, wife's brother's daughter, wife's sister's daughter, husband's brother's daughter, husband's sister's daughter
Either... Or Either... or is used to offer a choice between two possibilities: Either Mike or Lisa will be there. Either you leave me alone or I will call the police. We should bring either coffee or tea. You can either help us or go to your room. Either can also be followed by (one) of + group of two: Either of us could do it Either one of us could do it Either of you should know Either one of you should know Not... either... or denies both possibilities: I don't think either Mike or Lisa will be there. He doesn't speak either English or French. Not... either is used after a negative statement. I don't speak French. You don't either. He isn't ready to go. We aren't either.

He isn't ready to go. Neither are we. The Bottom Line Either means one, neither means none, and not either equals neither. Or goes with either and nor goes with neither.