MANUEL (2001) Found out in his investigation that top managers of selected private colleges in Metro Manila were

found to be competent as managers and education leaders maintaining a high standard of performance and competence striving for educational excellence as expected. Further, his findings revealed that respondents in most of these institutions were shown as effective middle manager particularly through the competent leadership performance in their functions.

(CP9 2011) Evelyn R. Sabalboro, RN Competencies of Nurse Managers: A comparative analysis of the public and private sector and privates sector assessed themselves as being good in selfmanagement, planning and leading and at least reasonably competent in controlling, organizing, dealing with legal and ethical, issues and their ability to deliver health care. However, the study revealed that there is a significant difference in the competency level of managers between the different sectors with private sector managers rating themselves significantly higher on all of the competencies except for Health services delivery where there was no difference, this may partly explain the differences in performance between the sectors. explanations for this discrepancy maybe due to the emphasis and scope of professional development within the private sector which is better and broader than the private sector. The migration of more experienced managers from the public to the private sector and the difficulty of managing in a public sector milieu which are characterized by being under staffed, poorly resourced and having higher nurse-patient ratios

Hospital Nurse Staffing and Its Effect To Quality Of Patient Care Sally ValerosRegondola (March 2010) Related Study Slutsky J. et al (2007) assessed how nurse to patient ratios a nurse work hours were associated with patient outcomes in acute care hospitals, factors that influence nurse staffing policies, and nurse staffing strategies that improved patient outcomes. In European countries, the findings revealed that the higher registered nurse staffing was associated with less hospital-related mortality, failure to rescue, cardiac arrest, hospital acquired pneumonia and patients safety was strong and consistent in intensive care units and in surgical patients. Greater registered nurse hours spent on direct patient care were associated with decreased risk hospital-related death and shorter length of stay.

Byers (20011) investigated Health Care leadership, challenges and future vision. As part of the study it identified critical leadership skills, senior Nurses were surveyed in Florida Health Care Organizations. With a total of 269 surveys returned, the most critical knowledge or skills for Health Care leaders were identified in order of importance as effective communication and interpersonal skills, government regulations/reimbursement, flexibility/creativity, relationship building, change management, ability to vision and motivate financial, ability to vision and motivate, financial savvy, quality management, strategic planning and thinking and political savvy.