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[93] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1.
{ }
2 3
( ) 2, ( 2) 1, 2 f x min x x = + +
from graph of ( ) , f x locations of non-differentiability
are : 1 x= and 3
Required no. of points =2.
2. ( ) | | |cos | tan ( 1, 2)
4
f x x x x x
| |
= + + + e
|
\ .
( ) f x is discontinuous at
4
x

= and hence non-
differentiable.
New , locations of non-differentiability are :
0, ,
4 2
x

=
3.
cos .sin sin( ) sin( )
sin .cos sin( ) sin( )
x y x y x y
x y x y x y
+ +
=
+ +
( )
1
2( ) sin( ) '(0)
2
f x y x y f
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

( ) sin
2
x
f x
| |
=
|
\ .
Now ,
1
"( ) sin
4 2
x
f x
| |
=
|
\ .
4 "( ) ( ) 0 f x f x + =
4. { } ( ) sin , cos , 0 f x max x x =
from graph of ( ) f x , locations of non-differentiability
in (0, 2 ) are :
3
, ,
4 2
x

=
Required no. of points =3n.
5.
( ) f x is non-differentiable for { } 0, 2 x ln e
6.
2
0
(1 ) 1
lim
( 3)
h
f h
h h

+
(Apply L'Hospital's Rule)
2
0
'(1 ) '(1)
lim
3 3 3
h
f h f
h

= =
+
( )
9 7 5 2
1
1
30 56 30 63 6
3
x
x x x x x
=
= + +
53
3
=
7.
( ) ; 0
( )
( ) ; 0
f x x
g x
f x x
>
=

<

3
( ) ( ) g x f x x x x R = = + e
( ) g x is continous x R e
8. For continuity at 1 x=
4 2 2 0 a b a b + = + + = ...(i)
for differentiability at 1 x=
(2 3) 5 b b + = =
3 a =
( 3 ) 18 a b + =
9. ( ) f x will have exactly three points of non-
differentiability if
2
0 x ax b + + = have one positive
root and another root as zero.
(0) 0 0 f b = =
2
0 0; x ax x a + = =
Chapter No -12 ( Continuity and Differentiability )
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[94] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
Now , ( ) 0 0 a a > <
0 b = and a R

e is required condition
10.
3
( ) 2 5 f x x
(
=

(1) 3 f = and (2) 11 f =
( ) f x is discontinous when it becomes the integer. .
Required no. of points =13
11.
( )
cosec
0
lim(cos sin ) 1 form
x
x
x x

0
(cos sin 1)
lim
sin x
x x
exp
x

=
`
)
0
sin cos
lim
cos x
x x
exp
x

=
`
)
1
. . L H L
e
=
1 2 3
2 3
2 3 2 3
0
lim lim
y y y
x x x
y y
y x
x x
e e e e e e
ae be
ae be
+



+ + + +
=
` `
+
)
+
)
lim
y
e

=
( )
3
2
1
y
y y
e e
e

+ +
( )
3
1
y
y
b
ae b

=
+
1
. . RH L
b
=
Now , for continuity of ( ) f x at
0 x=
1 1
a
e b
= =
1
and a b e
e
= =
1
( ) a b e
e
| |
+ = +
|
\ .
12. ( ) (2 ) ( ) ( ) f x f a x f a x f a x = + =
0
( ) ( )
'( ) lim
h
f a h f a
f a
h

( ( ) f x is odd function)
0
( ) ( )
'( ) lim
h
f a h f a
f a
h

+ +
=

0
( ) ( )
'( ) lim
h
f a h f a
f a
h

=
( ) ( ) ( ) f a x f a x + =
Now , ( )
'( ) ' f a f a

=
( )
'( ) 0 '( ) 0 f a f a

= =
13.
2
0
( ) sin cos
2
x
x
tf t dt x x x =
}
( ) cos cos sin xf x x x x x x = +
( ) sin 1 f x x =
1
6 2
f
| |
=
|
\ .
14. | | | | ( ) sin sin2 f x x x = +
Points of discontinuity exist at :
5 3 9 5
, , , , , 2 , , , 3
4 2 4 2 4 2
x

=
Total no. of points of non-differentiability
in (0 , 10)
9 =
15.
2
2
; 0
2
( ) 1 ; 0
; 0
2
x
x
x x
f x x
x
x
x x

<

= =

>
+
1
; 0
2 1
( ) 1 ; 0
; 0
2
x
x
f x x
x
x
x x

<

= =

>
+
LHL at
0 x=
is 1 (0) f =
( ) f x is discontinuous at 0 x=
16.
2
3 | |; 2 | | x t t y t t t = = +
for
2 2
0; 3 and 2 t x t t y t t > = = +
2
for 0; 2 and 3 x x t y t > = =
2
2
3
3
2 4
x x
y y
| |
= =
|
\ .
.... (i)
for
2
0; 4 and t x t y t < = =
2
for 0,
16
x
x y < = .... (ii)
from (i) and (ii)
2
2
3
; 0
4
( )
; 0
16
x
x
f x
x
x

>

<

Now , ( ) f x is continuous and differentiable at x =0

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[95] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
17. | |
2
2
( ) f x x x
(
=

Let ; x k k I = e
( ) 0 f k =
2 2
lim ( ) ( 1) ( 1)
x k
f x k k

=
2 2 2( 1) k k = + =
2 2
lim ( ) ( ) ( )
x k
f x k k
+

=
=0
Now , L.H.L. =R.H.L. ( ) f k =
2( 1) 0 0 k = =
0 0 0 at 1 k = = =
( ) f x is continous at 1 x=
18.
1
( ) 1 [0, )
x
f x e x

s e
(1) 1 1 f s
(1) 0 (1) 0 f f s =
Now ,
1
( ) (1) 1
x
f x f e

s
1
( ) (1) 1
1 1
x
f x f e
x x

s

Apply limit 1 x
'(1) 1 f s
1 1
( 1) .... 1.
n n
na n a a

+ + + s
19.
1/
0
0
1
'(0 ) lim
h
h
h
e
f
h
+

+
=
1/ 1
0
'(0 ) lim(1 ) 0
h
h
f e
+

= + =
1/
0
0
1
'(0 ) lim
h
h
h
e
f
h

+
=

( )
1
1/
0
'(0 ) lim1 1
h
h
f e

= + =
'(0 ) 0; '(0 ) 1 f f
+
= =
20. ( ) ( ) ( ) f x y f x f y xy + = +
( ) ( ) ( )
( 0)
f x y f x f y
x y
y y
+
= + =
Now ,
0 0
( ) ( ) ( )
lim lim
y y
f x y f x f y
x
y y
+
= +
2
'( ) 3 ( ) 3
2
x
f x x f x x c = + = + +
for 0 x y = =
(0) (0) (0) 0 f f f = + +
(0) 0 f =
2
( ) 3
2
x
f x x = +
21.
2
4 y x = represents part of the circle
2 2
4 x y + =
Similarly
2
1 y x = +
represents part of the conjugate
hyperbola
2 2
1 x y + =
from graph of ( ) f x , options (a) and (c) are true.
22.
2 ( ) ( )
3 3
x y f x f y
f
+ + + | |
=
|
\ .
for 0 x y = =
2 2 (0)
(0) (0) 2
3
f
f f
+
= =
0 (0) ( ) ( )
3 3
x y f f x f y
f
+ + + + | |
=
|
\ .
( ) 2 f x kx = +
( ) 2 2 f x x = + ( ) '(0) 2 f =
| | | | ( )
1 2 2
1 1 1
3
2 2 and (1) 4
2
x dx f x dx f dx

+ = = =
} } }
options (a) , (b) and (d) are correct.
23.
1
( ) sin (sin ) f x x x R

= e

from graph , ( ) f x is non-differentiable
2
n
x

=
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[96] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
3
2
y log x

= meet ( ) f x at five locations.

| | ( )
1
0 1
( ) 0 1 0 2 . f x dx dx

= + + =
} }
( )
1 ;
( )
0 ;
x n
y sgn f x
x n

=
= =

=

options (a) , (b) and (c) are correct.

24.
sin [ ]
4
( )
[ ]
x
f x
x

=
2
sin
1 4
lim ( )
1 2
x
f x

| |
|
\ .
= =
2
sin
1 2
lim ( )
2 2 x
f x

| |
|
\ .
= =
( ) f x is discontinuous at 2 x=
Similarly , ( ) f x is continous at 1.5 x= .
25.
0 0
lim ( ) lim ( ) (0)
x x
f x f x f
+

= =
1
1
sin (for continuity at 0)
2 2 2
c a
b x

| |
= = =
|
\ .
1
1 and 2sin
2
a c
b
| |
= =
|
\ .
for differentiability , '(0 ) '(0 ) f f
+
=
( )
/2
0
1 1
2
'(0 ) lim 1
h
h
e
h
f a
h
+

= =
/ 2
2
0
2 2
'(0 ) lim
2
h
h
e h
f
h
+

=
2 2
2
0
1 1
2 1 .... 2
2 2! 2 3! 2
lim
2
h
h h h
h
h

| |
| | | |
+ + + |
| |
|
\ . \ .
\ .
=
1
'(0 )
8
f
+
=
1
0
1
sin
2 2
'(0 ) lim
h
c h
b
f
h

| |

|
\ .
=

2 2
1
2
4
1
4
b
b
c c
| |

|
\ .
= =

Now ,
2
1
'(0 ) '(0 )
8
4
b
f f
c
+
= =

2 2
64 4 b c + =
options (b) and (c) are correct.
26. Statement (2) is true , but statement (1) is not always
true.
If limiting value of ( ) g x at x a is approaching to
from same side , then
( )
( )
lim ( ) lim ( )
x a x a
f g x f g x

=
for example :
sin
Let ( ) ( 1) and ( )
x
f x sgn x g x
x
= =
Now
0
sin
lim 1
x
x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
( )
0 0
sin
lim ( ) lim 1
x x
x
f g x sgn
x
| |
=
|
\ .
0
sin
lim 1 1
x
x
sgn
x
| |
= =
|
\ .
27.
2
( ) [ 3 4] g x x x x R = + e
output of ( ) g x is integral
2
sin( ( ))
( ) 0
1 [ ]
g x
f x x R
x

= = e
+
( ) f x is continous x R e
Statement (1) is false and satement (2) is true
28. Statement (2) is false. Let
| | 1 ; 0
( )
1 ; 0
x x
g x
x
=
=

=

( ) y g x = is discontinuous at
0 x=
but | ( ) | y g x = is
continous at 0 x= .
29. Statement (2) is false because ( ) f x is having a unique
vertical tangent at 2 x=
30. ( ) sin [0, ) g x x x = e
from graph ( ) f x is continuous and differentiable for
all [0, ) xe but the continuity of function doesn't
ensure the differentiability.
Statement (1) and (2) are true but the reasoning is not
appropriate.
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[97] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1.
( ) h x is non-diff. at
1 2
0, , , 1
3 3
x=

Required no. to tocations =4.

2. ( ) ( ) 0; 1 f x g x x = =
0 1 0 + = + =
3. For four distinct real roots :
4 1
, 1
9 2

| |
e
` |
) \ .
1
2
=
4.
( ) y x = is non-differentiable for { } 2, 3, 5, 6 xe
5. '(3 ) '(2 ) '(6 )
+ + +
+
( )
2
2
1 (4 ) 4
x
d
x x
dx
=
= +
1 4 4 9 = + + =
6.
5
5 5
2
3 3 3
( )
2
x
x dx xdx = =
} }
=8
7. ( ) f x is discontinous at
1 x=
and hence non-
differentiable.
( ) f x is continuous at
0 x=
, 1 but there exist sharp
change in graph of ( ) f x and hence non-differentiable
at 0 x= and 1. x=
Now Domain of '( ) f x is { } 1, 0, 1 R
Required no. of locations =3.
8. ( )
( )
4
lim ( ) 2 ( 2)
x
f g x f b

+
+

=
( )
( )
4
lim ( ) 2 (2 )
x
f g x f a

= = +
(2) ( 2)
4
f g f b
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
Now ,
2 2 2 b a b = + =
4 b a =
( ) 2 8 b a =
9. For continuity of ( ) f x at 0 x=
1
0
0( ) (1) lim
2 1
x
x
x
x e
a b
x
+

| |
+
+ =
|
|
+
\ .
0
1
lim 1
2 1
x
x
x e
b exp
x x
+

| | | |
+
= | |
| |
+
\ . \ .
0
1
lim
(2 1)
x
x
e x
b exp
x x
+

| |

=
|
|
+
\ .
1/4
b e =
'(1)
2
f a f a
| |
= =
|
\ .
Let
1
2 1
x
x
x e
y
x
| |
+
=
|
|
+
\ .
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[98] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
( )
1
( ) ( ) (2 1)
x
ln y ln x e ln x
x
= + +
2
1 1 1 2 1
.
2 1 2 1
x x
x
dy e x e
ln
y dx x x x x e x
| |
+ +
=
| ` `
|
+ + + ) \ . )
1
1 1 2 1
3 1 3 3
x
dy e e e
ln
dx e
=
+ + + | | | |
=
`
| |
+
\ . \ . )
1 1 1
'(1)
3 3 3
e e
f ln
+ + | | | |
=
`
| |
\ . \ . )
1 1 1
3 3 3
e e
a ln
+ + | | | |
=
`
| |
\ . \ . )
[ ] 1 a =
1/ 4
[ ] [ ] 1 1 1 0 a b e
(
+ = + = + =

.
10.
( ) ( )
( ) ,
f x f y
f xy x y R
y x
+
= + e
Apply partial differentiation w.r.t. y
2
( ) 1
'( ). . '( )
f x
f xy x f y
x y

= +
Now put ( ) 1 (1) 0 and '(1) 1 y f f = = =
( ) 1
'( ). '(1)
1
f x
f x x f
x
= +
2
1 1 dy
y
dx x x
+ = {Apply integrating factor}
( ) ( ) (1) 0 y x lnx c f = + =
lnx
y
x
=
( )
2
1
( ) '( ) 1
lnx
f x f x lnx
x x
= =
x e = is location of local maxima
Now , | |
1
and 3 3 M M
e
= + =
11. (a)
{ }
3 2
( ) , f x min x x =
( ) , , a p r s
(b) { } ( ) | |, | 1| , | 1| f x min x x x = +
( ) , b p r
(c) ( ) 2 4 2 2 f x x x = +
( ) , , c p q s
(d) ( ) sin cos f x x x = +
( ) , d p r
12. Let ( )
2
( ) (0) 0 f x ax bx f = + =
2
Now, ( ) 2
2 4
x x
f x f f x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
2 2
2 2
2
4 2 16 4
ax bx ax bx
ax bx x
| |
+ + + + =
|
|
\ .
2 2
2 16 4
a a b
a x x b b x
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .
on comparision ,
16
; 0
9
a b = =
2
16
( )
9
x
f x =
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[99] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
(a)
32 9
'( ) ' 4
9 8
x
f x f
| |
= =
|
\ .
(b)
from graph , points of non-differentibility =6
(c) ( ) f x is increasing in [0 , 4]
( ) 0 [0, 4] g x x = e
'(3) 0 g =
(d) | ( ) | y f x =
( ) ( ) 0 y f x f x x R = > e
2
16
9
x
y =
| ( ) | y f x = is differentiable